CN112311106A - Single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112311106A CN112311106A CN202011389440.2A CN202011389440A CN112311106A CN 112311106 A CN112311106 A CN 112311106A CN 202011389440 A CN202011389440 A CN 202011389440A CN 112311106 A CN112311106 A CN 112311106A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electricity, and relates to a single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device and a control method thereof.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of electricity, and relates to a single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device and a control method thereof, in particular to a single-stage full-bridge inductive coupling electric energy transmission device capable of wirelessly charging a storage battery at constant current and constant voltage and a control method thereof.
Background art:
at present, a constant-current constant-voltage charging system based on an inductive power transfer (inductive power transfer) technology generally adopts a primary side conversion circuit of a two-stage conversion (AC-DC-AC) structure to generate high-frequency alternating current input, and no related document or public use is found for realizing constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging by using the primary side conversion circuit of a single-stage conversion (AC-AC) structure. Compared with a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, the conversion circuit with a two-stage conversion structure generates more power loss, uses more devices and increases the cost, size and weight of the wireless charging system. Therefore, the constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device based on the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the control method thereof, which are suitable for medium-power and high-power scenes and have the characteristics of low cost, small loss, high power density, convenience for large-scale popularization and the like, are designed, and have very high practical value.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, solve the problem that the primary side converter of the current constant-voltage wireless electric energy transmission circuit cannot adopt a single-stage conversion structure, and provide a wireless charging device which uses a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and realizes the switching from a constant-current charging mode to a constant-voltage charging mode by changing the size of an original secondary side series compensation capacitor and a control method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the main structure of the device for realizing the constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging by using the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit comprises an LC filter circuit, the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, a primary side resonance network, a secondary side resonance network, a high-frequency rectifier bridge, a high-frequency filter capacitor, a storage battery, a primary side feedback control circuit and a secondary side feedback control circuit; the LC filter circuit is a low-pass filter consisting of a first inductor and a first capacitor and used for filtering out higher harmonics in the input current; the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit is formed by connecting four field effect transistors, two diodes, an energy storage capacitor and a boost inductor according to an electrical principle, and converts 220V power frequency alternating current into high-frequency alternating current; the primary side resonance network is formed by connecting a transmitting coil, a primary side series compensation capacitor, a second capacitor and a primary side relay according to an electrical principle; the secondary side resonance network is formed by connecting a receiving coil, a secondary side series compensation capacitor, a third capacitor and a secondary side relay according to an electrical principle; the two ends of the first inductor are respectively connected with the positive electrode of an alternating current power supply and the positive electrode of a first capacitor, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the alternating current power supply, and 220V power frequency alternating current provided by the alternating current power supply sequentially passes through an LC filter circuit and a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and then is converted into high-frequency alternating current; high-frequency alternating current is applied to two ends of a transmitting coil of a primary side resonance network, current is induced to two ends of a receiving coil of a secondary side resonance network, and the induced current is changed into direct current required by charging of a storage battery after sequentially passing through the secondary side resonance network, a high-frequency rectifier bridge and a high-frequency filter capacitor; the primary side feedback control circuit comprises a primary side driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary side wireless communication circuit, a primary side single chip circuit, a primary side voltage sampling circuit and a primary side auxiliary power supply; the input voltage sampling circuit is connected with the positive pole of the input alternating current power supply and is used for detecting the polarity of the input alternating current voltage; the primary side voltage sampling circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, and the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor is detected; the primary side driving circuit is respectively connected with the grids of four field effect transistors in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the primary side relay; the primary side single chip microcomputer circuit is respectively connected with the primary side driving circuit, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side voltage sampling circuit and the primary side auxiliary power supply; the primary side auxiliary power supply supplies power for the primary side driving circuit, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side single chip circuit and the primary side voltage sampling circuit; the primary side single chip circuit outputs driving signals of the field effect tube and the primary side relay according to communication signals received by the primary side wireless communication circuit, and the driving signals enter the primary side driving circuit to be amplified; the secondary side feedback control circuit comprises a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side wireless communication circuit, a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit, a secondary side current sampling circuit and a secondary side auxiliary power supply; the secondary side voltage sampling circuit and the secondary side current sampling circuit are connected with the anode of the storage battery, and are used for detecting the voltages at two ends of the storage battery and the current flowing through the storage battery; the secondary side driving circuit is connected with the secondary side relay; the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit is respectively connected with the secondary side driving circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit, the secondary side current sampling circuit and the secondary side auxiliary power supply; the auxiliary side auxiliary power supply supplies power for the auxiliary side driving circuit, the auxiliary side wireless communication circuit, the auxiliary side single chip microcomputer circuit, the auxiliary side voltage sampling circuit and the auxiliary side current sampling circuit; and the secondary single chip microcomputer circuit controls the secondary wireless communication circuit to transmit a feedback signal to the primary wireless communication circuit according to the voltage and current signals obtained by the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit.
The control method for realizing the constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging by using the single-stage full-bridge circuit comprises two types of asymmetrical duty ratio control and asymmetrical voltage elimination control, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. asymmetric duty cycle control
(1) Starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary wireless communication circuit, a primary single chip circuit and a primary voltage sampling circuit, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit, a secondary wireless communication circuit, a secondary single chip circuit, a secondary voltage sampling circuit and a secondary current sampling circuit;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant-current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary voltage sampling circuit, the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit work at first, the primary single-chip circuit and the secondary single-chip circuit carry out AD conversion on collected signals, when the secondary single-chip circuit judges that voltage sampling values at two ends of the storage battery are lower than a preset voltage reference value, the secondary single-chip circuit judges that the sampling values work in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit, the secondary relay is disconnected, and meanwhile, the secondary single-chip circuit transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary wireless communication circuit to carry out wireless communication with the primary wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is not sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is disconnected, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and accordingly different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of four field effect transistors in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, so that the main circuit works in a constant current charging mode, and the charging current of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant current charging current value;
(3) when the voltage at two ends of the storage battery reaches a preset voltage value switched from constant-current charging to constant-voltage charging, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage value, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit works in a voltage sampling mode after being judged by a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a driving signal is sent to a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side relay is closed, and meanwhile, the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit transmits data to a secondary side wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary side wireless communication circuit to be in wireless communication with a primary side wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is closed, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and accordingly different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of four field effect tubes in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, so that the main circuit works in a constant voltage charging mode, and the charging voltage of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value;
(4) in the constant voltage charging stage, when the current flowing through the storage battery is detected to be reduced to a preset minimum current value, the secondary side single chip circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit and the primary side single chip circuit are used for processing, the primary side driving circuit and the secondary side driving circuit stop sending driving signals, the charging is finished, and otherwise, the constant voltage charging is continued.
2. Asymmetric voltage cancellation control
(1) Starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary wireless communication circuit, a primary single chip circuit and a primary voltage sampling circuit, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit, a secondary wireless communication circuit, a secondary single chip circuit, a secondary voltage sampling circuit and a secondary current sampling circuit;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant-current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary voltage sampling circuit, the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit work at first, the primary single-chip circuit and the secondary single-chip circuit carry out AD conversion on collected signals, when the secondary single-chip circuit judges that voltage sampling values at two ends of the storage battery are lower than a preset voltage reference value, the secondary single-chip circuit judges that the sampling values work in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit, the secondary relay is disconnected, and meanwhile, the secondary single-chip circuit transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary wireless communication circuit to carry out wireless communication with the primary wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is not sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is disconnected, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of two bridge arms in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the phase shift angle between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant current charging mode, and the charging current of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant current charging current value;
(3) when the voltage at two ends of the storage battery reaches a preset voltage value switched from constant-current charging to constant-voltage charging, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage value, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit works in a voltage sampling mode after being judged by a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a driving signal is sent to a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side relay is closed, and meanwhile, the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit transmits data to a secondary side wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary side wireless communication circuit to be in wireless communication with a primary side wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is closed, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of two bridge arms in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the phase shift angle between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant voltage charging mode, and the charging voltage of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value;
(4) in the constant voltage charging stage, when the current flowing through the storage battery is detected to be reduced to a preset minimum current value, the secondary side single chip circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit and the primary side single chip circuit are used for processing, the primary side driving circuit and the secondary side driving circuit stop sending driving signals, the charging is finished, and otherwise, the constant voltage charging is continued.
Compared with the existing charging device and method, the invention has the advantages of low power loss, high reliability, low cost and high power density, can meet the constant-current constant-voltage charging requirement of the storage battery, has practical application value, and can be widely applied to medium-power and high-power wireless charging.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the voltage across and current through a battery during constant current and constant voltage charging according to the present invention, where ioFor the value of the current flowing through the battery, IminFor a set minimum value of current flowing through the battery, IccCurrent value for constant current charging, uoIs the voltage value, U, across the batterycvVoltage value for constant voltage charging, UtAnd the voltage value of the two ends of the storage battery is changed when the preset constant current charging is switched to the constant voltage charging.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the single-stage full-bridge wireless charging device of the present invention for realizing constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging, wherein u issFor sampling the voltage across the accumulator, UrefIs a preset voltage reference value.
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the driving signal of the FET controlled by the asymmetric duty ratio and the output voltage of the single-stage full-bridge converting circuit in a switching period, wherein GS1-GS4Are respectively field effect transistors S1-S4V drive signal ofabIs the output voltage of a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, daIs a field effect transistor S1And S2Of arm aOn duty ratio, dbIs a field effect transistor S3And S4And the on duty ratio of the bridge arm b.
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the FET driving signal controlled by the asymmetric voltage cancellation and the output voltage of the single-stage full-bridge inverter circuit in a switching period, wherein GS1-GS4Are respectively field effect transistors S1-S4V drive signal ofabIs the output voltage of a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, daIs a field effect transistor S1And S2On duty ratio of bridge arm a, dbIs a field effect transistor S3And S4And the conduction duty ratio of the bridge arm b is alpha, which is the phase shift angle between the bridge arm a and the bridge arm b.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example (b):
the main structure of the single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device comprises an LC filter circuit 1, a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2, a primary side resonance network 3, a secondary side resonance network 4, a high-frequency rectifier bridge 5, a high-frequency filter capacitor 6, a storage battery 7, a primary side feedback control circuit 8 and a secondary side feedback control circuit 9; the LC filter circuit 1 is composed of a first inductor LifAnd a first capacitor CifThe low-pass filter is connected and formed to filter out higher harmonics in the input current; the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2 converts 220V power frequency alternating current into high-frequency alternating current through the field effect transistor S1-S4Diode DR1-DR2And an energy storage capacitor CbusAnd a boost inductor LbThe components are connected according to the electrical principle; the primary resonant network 3 is composed of a transmitting coil LpPrimary side series compensation capacitor Cp_1A second capacitor Cp_2And primary side relay QpThe components are connected according to the electrical principle; the secondary resonant network 4 is formed by a receiving coil LsA compensation capacitor C connected in series with the secondary sides_1A third capacitor Cs_2And secondary relay QsThe components are connected according to the electrical principle; first inductance LifAre respectively communicated withPositive pole of power supply and first capacitor CifIs connected to the positive pole of a first capacitor CifThe negative pole of the alternating current power supply is connected with the negative pole of the alternating current power supply, and 220V power frequency alternating current provided by the alternating current power supply is converted into high-frequency alternating current after sequentially passing through the LC filter circuit 1 and the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2; transmitting coil L with high-frequency alternating current applied to primary side resonant network 3pAt both ends, and at the receiving coil L of the secondary resonant network 4sCurrents are induced at two ends, and the induced currents sequentially pass through the secondary side resonance network 4, the high-frequency rectifier bridge 5 and the high-frequency filter capacitor 6 and then are changed into direct currents required by charging of the storage battery 7; the primary side feedback control circuit 8 comprises a primary side driving circuit 10, an input voltage sampling circuit 11, a primary side wireless communication circuit 12, a primary side single chip microcomputer circuit 13, a primary side voltage sampling circuit 14 and a primary side auxiliary power supply 15; an input voltage sampling circuit 11 is connected to the positive electrode of the AC power supply for detecting the AC voltage vacThe polarity of (1); primary voltage sampling circuit 14 and energy storage capacitor C in single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2busIs connected with the positive pole of the detecting energy-storing capacitor CbusThe voltage across; the primary side driving circuit 10 is respectively connected with four field effect transistors S1-S4Grid and primary side relay QpConnecting; the primary side single chip microcomputer circuit 13 is respectively connected with the primary side driving circuit 10, the input voltage sampling circuit 11, the primary side wireless communication circuit 12, the primary side voltage sampling circuit 14 and the primary side auxiliary power supply 15; the primary side auxiliary power supply 15 supplies power to the primary side driving circuit 10, the input voltage sampling circuit 11, the primary side wireless communication circuit 12, the primary side single chip microcomputer circuit 13 and the primary side voltage sampling circuit 14; the primary side single chip circuit 13 outputs a field effect tube S according to the communication signal received by the primary side wireless communication circuit 121-S4And primary side relay QpThe driving signal enters the primary side driving circuit 10 to be amplified; the secondary feedback control circuit 9 comprises a secondary driving circuit 16, a secondary wireless communication circuit 17, a secondary single chip circuit 18, a secondary voltage sampling circuit 19, a secondary current sampling circuit 20 and a secondary auxiliary power supply 21; the secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and the secondary current sampling circuit 20 are connected to the positive electrode of the battery 7, and detect the voltage u across the battery 7oAnd flow through accumulatorCurrent i of battery 7o(ii) a Secondary side driving circuit 16 and secondary side relay QsConnecting; the secondary single chip circuit 18 is respectively connected with a secondary driving circuit 16, a secondary wireless communication circuit 17, a secondary voltage sampling circuit 19, a secondary current sampling circuit 20 and a secondary auxiliary power supply 21; the secondary side auxiliary power supply 21 supplies power to the secondary side driving circuit 16, the secondary side wireless communication circuit 17, the secondary side single chip circuit 18, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit 19 and the secondary side current sampling circuit 20; the secondary single chip circuit 18 controls the secondary wireless communication circuit 17 to transmit a feedback signal to the primary wireless communication circuit 12 according to the voltage and current signals obtained by the secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and the secondary current sampling circuit 20.
The embodiment of the present invention provides two control methods for realizing constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging, which are respectively asymmetric duty cycle control and asymmetric voltage cancellation control, and the specific process includes the following steps:
1. asymmetric duty cycle control
(1) Starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply 15 to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit 10, an input voltage sampling circuit 11, a primary wireless communication circuit 12, a primary single chip microcomputer circuit 13 and a primary voltage sampling circuit 14, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply 21 to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit 16, a secondary wireless communication circuit 17, a secondary single chip microcomputer circuit 18, a secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and a secondary current sampling circuit 20;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery 7 starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit 11, the primary voltage sampling circuit 14, the secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and the secondary current sampling circuit 20 are firstly enabled to work, the primary single chip circuit 13 and the secondary single chip circuit 18 carry out AD conversion on collected signals, and when the secondary single chip circuit 18 judges that voltage sampling values u at two ends of the storage battery 7 are obtainedsBelow a predetermined voltage reference value UrefWhen the current sampling circuit is judged by the secondary singlechip circuit 18 and works in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit 16, and the secondary relay QsIs disconnected, and the secondary singlechip circuit 18 transmits to the secondary wireless communication circuit 17Data is transmitted to enable the data to be in wireless communication with the primary side wireless communication circuit 12; when the primary-side single-chip microcomputer circuit 13 detects a signal from the primary-side wireless communication circuit 12, the primary-side relay Q is not sent to the primary-side driving circuit 10pDriving signal of, primary side relay QpThe primary side single chip circuit 13 judges the input voltage v according to the voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit 11 when the circuit is disconnectedacAccording to the polarity of the voltage, different driving modes are selected to control four field effect transistors S in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 21-S4So that the main circuit operates in the constant current charging mode, the charging current of the storage battery 7 is stabilized at the preset constant current charging current value ICC；
(3) When the voltage u across the accumulator 7oThe preset voltage value U for switching the constant-current charging to the constant-voltage charging is reachedtWhen the voltage is measured, the secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 collects the voltage value, the secondary singlechip circuit 18 judges the voltage value and then works in a voltage sampling mode to send a driving signal to the secondary driving circuit 16, and the secondary relay QsWhen the circuit is closed, the secondary single chip circuit 18 transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit 17, so that the secondary wireless communication circuit wirelessly communicates with the primary wireless communication circuit 12; when the primary-side single-chip microcomputer circuit 13 detects a signal from the primary-side wireless communication circuit 12, a primary-side relay Q is sent to the primary-side driving circuit 10pDriving signal of, primary side relay QpClosed, meanwhile, the primary single chip circuit 13 judges the input voltage v according to the voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit 11acAccording to the polarity of the voltage, different driving modes are selected to control four field effect transistors S in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 21-S4So that the main circuit operates in a constant voltage charging mode, the charging voltage of the storage battery 7 is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value UCV；
(4) In the constant-voltage charging phase, when the current i flowing through the storage battery 7 is detectedoFalls to a preset minimum current value IminThen processed by the secondary singlechip circuit 18, the secondary wireless communication circuit 17, the primary wireless communication circuit 12 and the primary singlechip circuit 13And the primary side driving circuit 10 and the secondary side driving circuit 16 stop sending the driving signals, and the charging is finished, otherwise, the constant voltage charging is continued.
2. Asymmetric voltage cancellation control
(1) Starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply 15 to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit 10, an input voltage sampling circuit 11, a primary wireless communication circuit 12, a primary single chip microcomputer circuit 13 and a primary voltage sampling circuit 14, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply 21 to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit 16, a secondary wireless communication circuit 17, a secondary single chip microcomputer circuit 18, a secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and a secondary current sampling circuit 20;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery 7 starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit 11, the primary voltage sampling circuit 14, the secondary voltage sampling circuit 19 and the secondary current sampling circuit 20 are firstly enabled to work, the primary single chip circuit 13 and the secondary single chip circuit 18 carry out AD conversion on collected signals, and when the secondary single chip circuit 18 judges that voltage sampling values u at two ends of the storage battery 7 are obtainedsBelow a predetermined voltage reference value UrefWhen the current sampling circuit is judged by the secondary singlechip circuit 18 and works in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit 16, and the secondary relay QsThe circuit is disconnected, and meanwhile, the secondary single chip circuit 18 transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit 17, so that the secondary wireless communication circuit is in wireless communication with the primary wireless communication circuit 12; when the primary-side single-chip microcomputer circuit 13 detects a signal from the primary-side wireless communication circuit 12, the primary-side relay Q is not sent to the primary-side driving circuit 10pDriving signal of, primary side relay QpThe primary side single chip circuit 13 judges the input voltage v according to the voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit 11 when the circuit is disconnectedacAccording to the polarity of the voltage, different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratio d of the two bridge arms a and b in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2a、dbAnd a phase shift angle alpha between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant current charging mode, and the charging current of the storage battery 7 is stabilized at a preset constant current charging current value ICC；
(3) When the voltage u across the accumulator 7oThe preset voltage value U for switching the constant-current charging to the constant-voltage charging is reachedtWhen the voltage value is collected by the secondary side voltage sampling circuit 19, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit works in a voltage sampling mode after being judged by the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit 18, a driving signal is sent to the secondary side driving circuit 16, and the secondary side relay QsWhen the circuit is closed, the secondary single chip circuit 18 transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit 17, so that the secondary wireless communication circuit wirelessly communicates with the primary wireless communication circuit 12; when the primary-side single-chip microcomputer circuit 13 detects a signal from the primary-side wireless communication circuit 12, a primary-side relay Q is sent to the primary-side driving circuit 10pDriving signal of, primary side relay QpClosed, meanwhile, the primary single chip circuit 13 judges the input voltage v according to the voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit 11acAccording to the polarity of the voltage, different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratio d of the two bridge arms a and b in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit 2a、dbAnd a phase shift angle alpha between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant voltage charging mode, and the charging voltage of the storage battery 7 is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value UCV；
(4) In the constant voltage charging stage, when the current i flowing through the storage battery is detectedoFalls to a preset minimum current value IminDuring charging, after the processing by the secondary singlechip circuit 18, the secondary wireless communication circuit 17, the primary wireless communication circuit 12 and the primary singlechip circuit 13, the primary driving circuit 10 and the secondary driving circuit 16 stop sending driving signals, and the charging is finished, otherwise, the constant-voltage charging is continued.
Claims (4)
1. A single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device is characterized in that the main structure of the device comprises an LC filter circuit, a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, a primary side resonance network, a secondary side resonance network, a high-frequency rectifier bridge, a high-frequency filter capacitor, a storage battery, a primary side feedback control circuit and a secondary side feedback control circuit; the LC filter circuit is a low-pass filter consisting of a first inductor and a first capacitor and used for filtering out higher harmonics in the input current; the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit is formed by connecting four field effect transistors, two diodes, an energy storage capacitor and a boost inductor according to an electrical principle, and converts 220V power frequency alternating current into high-frequency alternating current; the primary side resonance network is formed by connecting a transmitting coil, a primary side series compensation capacitor, a second capacitor and a primary side relay according to an electrical principle; the secondary side resonance network is formed by connecting a receiving coil, a secondary side series compensation capacitor, a third capacitor and a secondary side relay according to an electrical principle; the two ends of the first inductor are respectively connected with the positive electrode of an alternating current power supply and the positive electrode of a first capacitor, the negative electrode of the first capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the alternating current power supply, and 220V power frequency alternating current provided by the alternating current power supply sequentially passes through an LC filter circuit and a single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and then is converted into high-frequency alternating current; high-frequency alternating current is applied to two ends of a transmitting coil of a primary side resonance network, current is induced to two ends of a receiving coil of a secondary side resonance network, and the induced current is changed into direct current required by charging of a storage battery after sequentially passing through the secondary side resonance network, a high-frequency rectifier bridge and a high-frequency filter capacitor; the primary side feedback control circuit comprises a primary side driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary side wireless communication circuit, a primary side single chip circuit, a primary side voltage sampling circuit and a primary side auxiliary power supply; the input voltage sampling circuit is connected with the positive pole of the input alternating current power supply and is used for detecting the polarity of the input alternating current voltage; the primary side voltage sampling circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, and the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor is detected; the primary side driving circuit is respectively connected with the grids of four field effect transistors in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the primary side relay; the primary side single chip microcomputer circuit is respectively connected with the primary side driving circuit, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side voltage sampling circuit and the primary side auxiliary power supply; the primary side auxiliary power supply supplies power for the primary side driving circuit, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side single chip circuit and the primary side voltage sampling circuit; the primary side single chip circuit outputs driving signals of the field effect tube and the primary side relay according to communication signals received by the primary side wireless communication circuit, and the driving signals enter the primary side driving circuit to be amplified; the secondary side feedback control circuit comprises a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side wireless communication circuit, a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit, a secondary side current sampling circuit and a secondary side auxiliary power supply; the secondary side voltage sampling circuit and the secondary side current sampling circuit are connected with the anode of the storage battery, and are used for detecting the voltages at two ends of the storage battery and the current flowing through the storage battery; the secondary side driving circuit is connected with the secondary side relay; the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit is respectively connected with the secondary side driving circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit, the secondary side current sampling circuit and the secondary side auxiliary power supply; the auxiliary side auxiliary power supply supplies power for the auxiliary side driving circuit, the auxiliary side wireless communication circuit, the auxiliary side single chip microcomputer circuit, the auxiliary side voltage sampling circuit and the auxiliary side current sampling circuit; and the secondary single chip microcomputer circuit controls the secondary wireless communication circuit to transmit a feedback signal to the primary wireless communication circuit according to the voltage and current signals obtained by the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit.
2. The control method of the single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control method comprises two modes of asymmetric duty cycle control and asymmetric voltage elimination control.
3. The control method of the single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the asymmetric duty cycle control is as follows:
(1) starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary wireless communication circuit, a primary single chip circuit and a primary voltage sampling circuit, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit, a secondary wireless communication circuit, a secondary single chip circuit, a secondary voltage sampling circuit and a secondary current sampling circuit;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant-current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary voltage sampling circuit, the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit work at first, the primary single-chip circuit and the secondary single-chip circuit carry out AD conversion on collected signals, when the secondary single-chip circuit judges that voltage sampling values at two ends of the storage battery are lower than a preset voltage reference value, the secondary single-chip circuit judges that the sampling values work in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit, the secondary relay is disconnected, and meanwhile, the secondary single-chip circuit transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary wireless communication circuit to carry out wireless communication with the primary wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is not sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is disconnected, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and accordingly different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of four field effect transistors in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, so that the main circuit works in a constant current charging mode, and the charging current of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant current charging current value;
(3) when the voltage at two ends of the storage battery reaches a preset voltage value switched from constant-current charging to constant-voltage charging, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage value, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit works in a voltage sampling mode after being judged by a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a driving signal is sent to a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side relay is closed, and meanwhile, the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit transmits data to a secondary side wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary side wireless communication circuit to be in wireless communication with a primary side wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is closed, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and accordingly different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of four field effect tubes in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit, so that the main circuit works in a constant voltage charging mode, and the charging voltage of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value;
(4) in the constant voltage charging stage, when the current flowing through the storage battery is detected to be reduced to a preset minimum current value, the secondary side single chip circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit and the primary side single chip circuit are used for processing, the primary side driving circuit and the secondary side driving circuit stop sending driving signals, the charging is finished, and otherwise, the constant voltage charging is continued.
4. The control method of the single-stage full-bridge constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging device according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the asymmetric voltage cancellation control is as follows:
(1) starting an alternating current power supply to supply power to a main circuit, starting a primary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a primary driving circuit, an input voltage sampling circuit, a primary wireless communication circuit, a primary single chip circuit and a primary voltage sampling circuit, and starting a secondary auxiliary power supply to respectively supply power to a secondary driving circuit, a secondary wireless communication circuit, a secondary single chip circuit, a secondary voltage sampling circuit and a secondary current sampling circuit;
(2) when the main circuit reaches a stable working state, the storage battery starts to be charged, the first stage of charging is constant-current charging, the input voltage sampling circuit, the primary voltage sampling circuit, the secondary voltage sampling circuit and the secondary current sampling circuit work at first, the primary single-chip circuit and the secondary single-chip circuit carry out AD conversion on collected signals, when the secondary single-chip circuit judges that voltage sampling values at two ends of the storage battery are lower than a preset voltage reference value, the secondary single-chip circuit judges that the sampling values work in a current sampling mode, a driving signal is not sent to the secondary driving circuit, the secondary relay is disconnected, and meanwhile, the secondary single-chip circuit transmits data to the secondary wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary wireless communication circuit to carry out wireless communication with the primary wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is not sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is disconnected, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of two bridge arms in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the phase shift angle between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant current charging mode, and the charging current of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant current charging current value;
(3) when the voltage at two ends of the storage battery reaches a preset voltage value switched from constant-current charging to constant-voltage charging, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit collects the voltage value, the secondary side voltage sampling circuit works in a voltage sampling mode after being judged by a secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit, a driving signal is sent to a secondary side driving circuit, a secondary side relay is closed, and meanwhile, the secondary side single chip microcomputer circuit transmits data to a secondary side wireless communication circuit to enable the secondary side wireless communication circuit to be in wireless communication with a primary side wireless communication circuit; when the primary side single chip circuit detects a signal from the primary side wireless communication circuit, a driving signal of a primary side relay is sent to the primary side driving circuit, the primary side relay is closed, meanwhile, the primary side single chip circuit judges the polarity of input voltage according to a voltage signal collected by the input voltage sampling circuit, and different driving modes are selected to control the conduction duty ratios of two bridge arms in the single-stage full-bridge conversion circuit and the phase shift angle between the two bridge arms, so that the main circuit works in a constant voltage charging mode, and the charging voltage of a storage battery is stabilized at a preset constant voltage charging voltage value;
(4) in the constant voltage charging stage, when the current flowing through the storage battery is detected to be reduced to a preset minimum current value, the secondary side single chip circuit, the secondary side wireless communication circuit, the primary side wireless communication circuit and the primary side single chip circuit are used for processing, the primary side driving circuit and the secondary side driving circuit stop sending driving signals, the charging is finished, and otherwise, the constant voltage charging is continued.
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