CN112305616B - Method and device for acquiring seismic data section in optical fiber well - Google Patents
Method and device for acquiring seismic data section in optical fiber well Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- G01V1/226—Optoseismic systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for acquiring a seismic data section in an optical fiber well, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data in an optical fiber well; calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well; obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data; and inverting to obtain the seismic data section in the optical fiber well according to the reflection coefficient and the seismic uplink wave section in the optical fiber well. The invention combines the uplink wave data and the downlink wave data based on the optical fiber well seismic data to obtain the high-resolution optical fiber well seismic data section, thereby solving the difficult problem of identifying the thin reservoir of the seismic section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a method and a device for acquiring a seismic data section in an optical fiber well.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
With the development of downhole distributed optical fiber (DAS) equipment and processing technology, vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) technology has achieved some success in well control parameter acquisition and reservoir characteristic prediction in recent years, and in particular, some application studies have been used to solve the problem of thin reservoir structures. Thin reservoir exploration is a difficult problem in the field of oil and gas exploration, and generally according to the limit vertical resolution theory of 1/4 wavelength, identifiable thin layers are often more than 20m, so geophysicists aim to raise the frequency of seismic data so as to achieve the capability of distinguishing the thin layers, but the envelopes of two mutually interfered seismic wavelets are clearly separated by simply raising the frequency of the seismic data, and the thin reservoir identification capability of several meters is still very difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for acquiring an optical fiber well seismic data section, which is used for acquiring a high-resolution optical fiber well seismic data section, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring seismic data in an optical fiber well;
calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well;
obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
and inverting to obtain the seismic data section in the optical fiber well according to the reflection coefficient and the seismic uplink wave section in the optical fiber well.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well, which is used for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well with high resolution, and comprises the following steps:
the optical fiber well seismic data acquisition module is used for acquiring the optical fiber well seismic data;
the downstream processing module is used for calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well;
the uplink wave processing module is used for obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
and the optical fiber well seismic data section acquisition module is used for obtaining the optical fiber well seismic data section by inversion according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave section.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method for acquiring the seismic data profile in the optical fiber well when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well.
In the embodiment of the invention, the seismic data in the optical fiber well are acquired; calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well; obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data; according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave profile, the optical fiber well seismic data profile is obtained through inversion, so that the uplink wave data and the downlink wave data are combined based on the optical fiber well seismic data to obtain a high-resolution optical fiber well seismic data profile, and the difficulty of identifying a thin reservoir of the seismic profile is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary graph of a first arrival pickup curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary graph of a first arrival amplitude curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary plot of a standard amplitude decay curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary plot of a standard amplitude decay curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exemplary graph of a depth amplitude difference curve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exemplary graph of reflectance curves in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram of a section of a seismic upgoing wave in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram of a cross section of seismic data in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged illustration of a section of seismic data in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an exemplary diagram of an apparatus for acquiring a profile of seismic data in a fiber optic well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions herein are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The inventor finds that with the development of distributed optical fiber technology, the combination of upstream data and downstream data of seismic data in an optical fiber well can be considered to be applied, so that the identification of a thin stratum is possible. Based on the above, in the embodiment of the invention, based on the optical fiber well seismic data, the reflection coefficient is extracted by using the downlink wave data, the uplink wave data is used for obtaining the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave profile, and then the inversion is performed to obtain the high-resolution optical fiber well seismic data profile, so that the difficulty in identifying the thin reservoir of the seismic profile is solved.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the method may include:
step 101, obtaining seismic data in an optical fiber well;
102, calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well;
step 103, obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
and 104, inverting to obtain the seismic data section in the optical fiber well according to the reflection coefficient and the seismic uplink wave section in the optical fiber well.
As can be seen from the flow shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention uses the uplink wave data and the downlink wave data jointly based on the seismic data in the optical fiber well to obtain the seismic data section in the optical fiber well with high resolution, thereby solving the difficulty of identifying the thin reservoir of the seismic section.
In specific implementation, the seismic data in the optical fiber well is acquired first. In an embodiment, zero-well source-distance well seismic data acquired by a well distributed optical fiber may be acquired. For example, existing in-well distributed optical fiber acquisition may be used to obtain zero-well source distance in-well seismic data with depth sampling interval Δh of 0.2m and time sampling interval Δt of 0.1ms, where the zero-well source distance is the distance between the excitation point position and the receiving well is no greater than 150m, and the data originates from in-well seismic data acquisition technical procedure (SY/T5454-2017). In actual collection, on the premise of ensuring wellhead safety, the smaller the well source distance is, the better the implementation effect of the embodiment of the invention is. It will be appreciated that the specific values of the depth sampling interval Δh and the time sampling interval Δt are merely examples, and suitable values may be adopted according to practical needs during implementation. Zero well source distance means that the distance between the position of the excitation point and the receiving well is not more than 150m, and the value can also follow other technical rules or adopt proper values according to actual needs by way of example.
After the fiber optic well seismic data is acquired, in an embodiment, the fiber optic well seismic data may be pre-processed, which protects the original amplitude information of the fiber optic well seismic data. For example, cable coupled noise suppression and/or random noise suppression may be performed on the seismic data in the fiber optic well. In order to protect the original amplitude information of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, the preprocessing steps of changing the amplitude relative relation such as automatic gain, channel equalization processing and the like are not recommended.
In an embodiment, calculating the reflection coefficient from the downstream data of the seismic data in the fiber well may include, for example:
first arrival pickup is carried out on downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, and a first arrival time sequence changing along with the depth is obtained;
carrying out amplitude pickup according to the first arrival time sequence to obtain an amplitude sequence changing along with depth;
performing power function fitting on the amplitude sequence to obtain a depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
calculating a standard amplitude attenuation sequence according to the amplitude sequence and the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
obtaining compensated amplitude data according to the amplitude sequence and the standard amplitude attenuation sequence;
obtaining a difference value of adjacent amplitudes in the amplitude data after compensation to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
and calculating to obtain the reflection coefficient by using the depth amplitude difference relation series.
How to calculate the reflectance is described below with reference to the drawings as a specific example, which may include the following steps:
(1) First arrival pickup:
first arrival pickup is carried out on downstream wave data (which can be the downstream wave data after pretreatment) of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, and a first arrival time sequence T which changes along with depth is obtained by utilizing the time of the peak of the first wave h . Fig. 2 gives a specific example of a first arrival pick-up curve.
(2) Amplitude pickup:
at the corresponding first arrival time series T h Picking up amplitude values at the first arrival position of (2) to obtain amplitude array A varying with depth h . Fig. 3 gives a specific example of the first arrival amplitude curve.
(3) Depth domain amplitude decay coefficient calculation:
to step%2) The obtained amplitude array A h Performing power function fitting B h ＝B 0 h k Thereby obtaining a depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient k; wherein B is h The amplitude value is the h depth position amplitude value; b (B) 0 Is the first arrival position amplitude value; h is the formation depth.
(4) Standard amplitude decay sequence acquisition:
using the amplitude array A obtained in step (2) h And (3) calculating the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient k to obtain a standard amplitude attenuation number sequence A '' h ＝A 0 h k Wherein A is 0 For amplitude series A h The amplitude value of the zero depth position in the data acquisition can be directly read if the data acquisition starts from zero depth, and the amplitude value is acquired by a curve extension method if the data acquisition does not start from zero depth. Fig. 4 shows a specific example of a standard amplitude decay curve.
(5) Amplitude data acquisition after compensation:
using amplitude series A h And a standard amplitude attenuation number series A' h To obtain compensated amplitude data A h ＝A h -A′ h ＝A h -A 0 4π(h-h 0 ) 2 Wherein h is 0 Is the initial formation depth. This step is an innovative approach to the compensation of the embodiment in the depth domain rigorous computation, and is quite different from the time domain estimation compensation commonly used in the prior art. Fig. 5 shows a specific example of the amplitude curve after compensation.
(6) Depth amplitude difference relation number series calculation:
for the compensated amplitude data A' obtained in step (5) h The adjacent amplitudes of the two are obtained to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence delta A h ＝A″ h -A″ h+Δh Wherein Δh is the depth increment; a' h+Δh Compensated amplitude data for adjacent depths. The amplitude difference is calculated by subtracting the shallow amplitude data from the adjacent deep amplitude data, and is therefore generally a positive value. Fig. 6 gives a specific example of a depth amplitude difference curve.
(7) Reflection coefficient calculation:
using the depth amplitude difference relation sequence DeltaA' obtained in the step (6) h Calculating to obtain a reflection coefficient array R h ＝(A″ h -ΔA″ h )/A″ h . The step is an innovative method for calculating the reflection coefficient in this embodiment, and is also affected by transverse wave conversion attenuation, stratum absorption attenuation, scattering attenuation and the like, but more accords with the reflection rule of seismic waves, and is completely different from the reflection coefficient calculated by using acoustic wave velocity and density logging data commonly used in the prior art. Fig. 7 shows a specific example of the reflection coefficient curve.
In an embodiment, obtaining an optical fiber well seismic uplink profile from uplink data of the optical fiber well seismic data may include: and carrying out amplitude compensation treatment, deconvolution treatment, wave field separation treatment and dynamic correction treatment on the uplink wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well in sequence to obtain an uplink wave section of the seismic data in the optical fiber well. FIG. 8 shows a specific example of a seismic upgoing wave profile in a fiber optic well.
According to the obtained reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave profile, the optical fiber well seismic data profile can be obtained through inversion, and the inversion result data does not use logging data information such as acoustic logging, density and the like, and is reliable in data and high in resolution. FIG. 9 shows a specific example of a profile of seismic data in a fiber optic well. FIG. 10 shows a specific example of an enlarged view of a seismic data section in a fiber optic well.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of the device for solving the problem is similar to that of the method for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well, and the repetition is omitted.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well according to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 11, the apparatus may include:
the optical fiber well seismic data acquisition module 1101 is configured to acquire optical fiber well seismic data;
the downlink wave processing module 1102 is configured to calculate a reflection coefficient according to downlink wave data of the seismic data in the fiber optic well;
the uplink wave processing module 1103 is configured to obtain an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
and the optical fiber well seismic data section acquisition module 1104 is used for obtaining the optical fiber well seismic data section by inversion according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave section.
In one embodiment, the fiber optic well seismic data acquisition module 1101 may be specifically configured to: and acquiring the zero-well source distance well seismic data acquired by the well distributed optical fibers.
As shown in FIG. 12, in one embodiment, the apparatus for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well shown in FIG. 11 may further include:
the preprocessing module 1201 is configured to preprocess the optical fiber well seismic data acquired by the optical fiber well seismic data acquisition module, where the preprocessing protects original amplitude information of the optical fiber well seismic data.
In one embodiment, the preprocessing module 1201 may be specifically configured to: and performing optical cable coupling noise suppression and/or random noise suppression processing on the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
In one embodiment, the downstream processing module 1102 may be specifically configured to:
first arrival pickup is carried out on downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, and a first arrival time sequence changing along with the depth is obtained;
carrying out amplitude pickup according to the first arrival time sequence to obtain an amplitude sequence changing along with depth;
performing power function fitting on the amplitude sequence to obtain a depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
calculating a standard amplitude attenuation sequence according to the amplitude sequence and the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
obtaining compensated amplitude data according to the amplitude sequence and the standard amplitude attenuation sequence;
obtaining a difference value of adjacent amplitudes in the amplitude data after compensation to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
and calculating to obtain the reflection coefficient by using the depth amplitude difference relation series.
In one embodiment, the downstream processing module 1102 may be specifically configured to:
the standard amplitude decay sequence is calculated as follows:
A′ h ＝A 0 h k ；
wherein A 'is' h A standard amplitude attenuation array; a is that 0 Amplitude values for zero depth positions in the amplitude series; h is the formation depth; k is the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
the compensated amplitude data is calculated as follows:
A″ h ＝A h -A″ h ＝A h -A 0 4π(h-h 0 ) 2 ；
wherein A' h To compensate the amplitude data; a is that h Is an amplitude array; h is a 0 Is the initial formation depth;
the depth amplitude difference relation sequence is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔA″ h ＝A″ h -A″ h+Δh ；
wherein DeltaA' h The depth amplitude difference relation number series; Δh is the depth increment; a' h+Δh Compensated amplitude data for adjacent depths;
the reflection coefficient number sequence is calculated according to the following formula:
R h ＝(A″ h -ΔA″ h )/A″ h ；
wherein R is h Is a reflection coefficient array.
In one embodiment, the uplink wave processing module 1103 may specifically be configured to:
and carrying out amplitude compensation treatment, deconvolution treatment, wave field separation treatment and dynamic correction treatment on the uplink wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well in sequence to obtain an uplink wave section of the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method for acquiring the seismic data profile in the optical fiber well when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method for acquiring the seismic data section in the optical fiber well.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, the seismic data in the optical fiber well is obtained; calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well; obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data; according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave profile, the optical fiber well seismic data profile is obtained through inversion, so that the uplink wave data and the downlink wave data are combined based on the optical fiber well seismic data to obtain a high-resolution optical fiber well seismic data profile, and the difficulty of identifying a thin reservoir of the seismic profile is solved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method of acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well, comprising:
acquiring seismic data in an optical fiber well;
calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well;
obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
inversion is carried out according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave section to obtain an optical fiber well seismic data section;
wherein, according to the downstream wave data of the seismic data in the fiber well, calculate the reflection coefficient, include:
first arrival pickup is carried out on downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, and a first arrival time sequence changing along with the depth is obtained;
carrying out amplitude pickup according to the first arrival time sequence to obtain an amplitude sequence changing along with depth;
performing power function fitting on the amplitude sequence to obtain a depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
calculating a standard amplitude attenuation sequence according to the amplitude sequence and the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
obtaining compensated amplitude data according to the amplitude sequence and the standard amplitude attenuation sequence;
obtaining a difference value of adjacent amplitudes in the amplitude data after compensation to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
calculating to obtain a reflection coefficient by using a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
calculating a standard amplitude attenuation sequence from the amplitude sequence and the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient, including calculating the standard amplitude attenuation sequence according to the following formula:
A′ h ＝A 0 h k ；
wherein A 'is' h A standard amplitude attenuation array; a is that 0 Amplitude values for zero depth positions in the amplitude series; h is the formation depth; k is the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
obtaining compensated amplitude data according to the amplitude sequence and the standard amplitude attenuation sequence, wherein the compensated amplitude data is obtained by calculating according to the following formula:
A″ h ＝A h -A′ h ＝A h -A 0 4π(h-h 0 ) 2 ；
wherein A' h To compensate the amplitude data; a is that h Is an amplitude array; h is a 0 Is the initial formation depth;
obtaining differences of adjacent amplitudes in the amplitude data after compensation to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence, wherein the depth amplitude difference relation sequence is obtained by calculating according to the following formula:
ΔA″ h ＝A″ h -A″ h+Δh ；
wherein DeltaA' h The depth amplitude difference relation number series; Δh is the depth increment; a' h+Δh Compensated amplitude data for adjacent depths;
and calculating the reflection coefficient by using the depth amplitude difference relation sequence, wherein the calculation comprises the steps of calculating the reflection coefficient sequence according to the following formula:
R h ＝(A″ h -ΔA″ h )/A″ h ；
wherein R is h Is a reflection coefficient array.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring the fiber optic well seismic data comprises:
and acquiring the zero-well source distance well seismic data acquired by the well distributed optical fibers.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after acquiring the fiber optic well seismic data, further comprising:
and preprocessing the seismic data in the optical fiber well, wherein the preprocessing protects the original amplitude information of the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein pre-processing the seismic data in the optical fibre well comprises: and performing optical cable coupling noise suppression and/or random noise suppression processing on the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the fiber optic well seismic upgoing wave profile from upgoing wave data of the fiber optic well seismic data comprises:
and carrying out amplitude compensation treatment, deconvolution treatment, wave field separation treatment and dynamic correction treatment on the uplink wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well in sequence to obtain an uplink wave section of the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
6. An apparatus for acquiring a seismic data profile in a fiber optic well, comprising:
the optical fiber well seismic data acquisition module is used for acquiring the optical fiber well seismic data;
the downstream processing module is used for calculating a reflection coefficient according to downstream data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well;
the uplink wave processing module is used for obtaining an optical fiber well earthquake uplink wave section according to the uplink wave data of the optical fiber well earthquake data;
the optical fiber well seismic data section acquisition module is used for obtaining the optical fiber well seismic data section through inversion according to the reflection coefficient and the optical fiber well seismic uplink wave section;
the downlink wave processing module is specifically configured to:
first arrival pickup is carried out on downstream wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well, and a first arrival time sequence changing along with the depth is obtained;
carrying out amplitude pickup according to the first arrival time sequence to obtain an amplitude sequence changing along with depth;
performing power function fitting on the amplitude sequence to obtain a depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
calculating a standard amplitude attenuation sequence according to the amplitude sequence and the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
obtaining compensated amplitude data according to the amplitude sequence and the standard amplitude attenuation sequence;
obtaining a difference value of adjacent amplitudes in the amplitude data after compensation to obtain a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
calculating to obtain a reflection coefficient by using a depth amplitude difference relation sequence;
the downlink wave processing module is specifically used for:
the standard amplitude decay sequence is calculated as follows:
A′ h ＝A 0 h k ；
wherein A 'is' h A standard amplitude attenuation array; a is that 0 Amplitude values for zero depth positions in the amplitude series; h is the formation depth; k is the depth domain amplitude attenuation coefficient;
the compensated amplitude data is calculated as follows:
A″ h ＝A h -A′ h ＝A h -A 0 4π(h-h 0 ) 2 ；
wherein A' h To compensate the amplitude data; a is that h Is an amplitude array; h is a 0 Is the initial formation depth;
the depth amplitude difference relation sequence is calculated according to the following formula:
ΔA″ h ＝A″ h -A″ h+Δh ；
wherein DeltaA' h The depth amplitude difference relation number series; Δh is the depth increment; a' h+Δh Compensated amplitude data for adjacent depths;
the reflection coefficient number sequence is calculated according to the following formula:
R h ＝(A″ h -ΔA″ h )/A″ h ；
wherein R is h Is a reflection coefficient array.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the fiber optic well seismic data acquisition module is specifically configured to: and acquiring the zero-well source distance well seismic data acquired by the well distributed optical fibers.
8. The apparatus as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the optical fiber well seismic data acquired by the optical fiber well seismic data acquisition module, and the preprocessing protects the original amplitude information of the optical fiber well seismic data.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the preprocessing module is specifically configured to: and performing optical cable coupling noise suppression and/or random noise suppression processing on the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the upstream wave processing module is specifically configured to:
and carrying out amplitude compensation treatment, deconvolution treatment, wave field separation treatment and dynamic correction treatment on the uplink wave data of the seismic data in the optical fiber well in sequence to obtain an uplink wave section of the seismic data in the optical fiber well.
11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
12. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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