CN112301944A - Ecological island with sand-removing and silt-removing functions and small port functions - Google Patents
Ecological island with sand-removing and silt-removing functions and small port functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN112301944A CN112301944A CN201911186872.0A CN201911186872A CN112301944A CN 112301944 A CN112301944 A CN 112301944A CN 201911186872 A CN201911186872 A CN 201911186872A CN 112301944 A CN112301944 A CN 112301944A
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- cutter
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- cofferdam
- suction
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011454 mudbrick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000981595 Zoysia japonica Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004062 cytokinin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
- E02B3/023—Removing sediments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/041—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours using active mechanical means, e.g. fluidizing or pumping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/046—Artificial reefs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/16—Foundations formed of separate piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial island reef construction, in particular to an ecological island reef with functions of sand removal and desilting and a small port; the island reef coastal one kilometer department excavates the cofferdam, install the silt delivery pipe on the cofferdam, and set up the transfer pump station in coastal department, set up the cutter-suction ship on the sea outside the island reef, the cutter-suction ship passes through pipe connection transfer pump station, the transfer pump station passes through pipeline intercommunication silt delivery pipe, the cutter-suction ship sways the cutter-suction seabed silt, silt is pumped into in the cofferdam through the transfer pump station, silt mixes soil curing agent and grit further sunning after concentrating through preliminary sunning, then the manual work is dug it and is used the mould solidification shaping, use as simple and easy mud brick, for example, can be used for laying the flower garden, the floor of small-size square, build the house of draught animal and poultry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial island reef construction, in particular to an ecological island reef with functions of sand removal and desilting and a small port.
Background
With the rise of ocean economy in China, many coastal island reefs have high economic value and ecological value, but due to the influence of human activities, the situation that sludge is seriously accumulated at the port of some island reefs occurs. A large amount of manpower and material resources are needed to be input for dredging so as to realize the purpose of restoring the ecological island reef. For example, ecological island reef construction and dredging project of blue bay renovation project in Jinzhou City are huge dredging projects which are carried out by 118 bidding units collected by related departments in Jinzhou City in 2017.
In view of the difficulty of repair after long-term accumulation is high and the adverse effect on ecology is generated, the conventional island has a dredging function, otherwise the conventional island is not beneficial to sustainable development.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ecological island reef with functions of sand removal and desilting and a small port.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
from ecological island reef of taking desilting and little harbour function, its characterized in that: the island reef coastal one kilometer department excavates the cofferdam, install the silt delivery pipe on the cofferdam, and set up the transfer pump station in coastal department, set up the cutter-suction ship on the sea outside the island reef, the cutter-suction ship passes through pipe connection transfer pump station, the transfer pump station passes through pipeline intercommunication silt delivery pipe, the cutter-suction ship sways the cutter-suction seabed silt, silt is pumped into in the cofferdam through the transfer pump station, silt mixes soil curing agent and grit further sunning after concentrating through preliminary sunning, then the manual work is dug it and is used the mould solidification shaping, use as simple and easy mud brick, for example, can be used for laying the flower garden, the floor of small-size square, build the house of draught animal and poultry.
Further, the working method of the cutter suction dredger comprises the following steps:
installing a large cutter-suction dredger, wherein the front end of the cutter-suction dredger is connected with a bridge which can pitch through a trunnion, a reamer is installed at the front end of the bridge, an underwater pump machine inside the reamer is connected with an in-cabin pump machine in a cabin through a pipeline in the bridge, when blades in the pump machine rotate at a high speed, vacuum pressure generated in the pipeline sucks mud rolled up by the reamer, and then the mud is conveyed to a cofferdam area through a mud discharge pipeline connected with the hull;
the cutter-suction dredger adopts a fan-shaped dredging process, when the cutter-suction dredger works, a steel column at the rear end of a ship body is deeply inserted into the sea bottom, a bridge swings left and right in a reciprocating mode with the axis as a center and is matched with a reamer to rotate, the steel column trolley of the cutter-suction dredger achieves forward movement during ship body construction, and left and right swinging of the ship body is achieved through retraction and release of special anchor rods and anchor machines on two sides of the front portion of the ship body.
Further, the concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing 200-50 parts of modified coral sand, 100-150 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, 10-20 parts of inorganic antibacterial agent and 200 parts of seawater by soaking the mixed slurry of unsaturated resin and organic bentonite, firstly uniformly mixing the magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, the inorganic antibacterial agent and the seawater according to the formula ratio, then adding the mixture into the coral sand and the cement according to the formula ratio, and uniformly mixing the mixture. The island reef is different from the continent, no convenient transportation channel is provided, the common cement of the continent is not easy to obtain, the cement produced by the continent is not suitable for the island, and the cement obtained by the formula is prepared from local materials and is very resistant to seawater erosion.
Furthermore, zoysia japonica is planted on the surface of the cofferdam, and the method comprises the following steps: sowing after 7 months and 8 months of early rain, soaking the seeds in 0.4-0.5% sodium hydroxide solution for 18-24 hours before sowing, cleaning with clear water, drying in the air, germinating 10-13 days after sowing, and leveling the seedlings 20-25 days, wherein watering is carried out at least once until the improved mature soil layer is thoroughly wet. The cofferdam is reinforced by the flourishing root system of the herbaceous plant, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the seabed outside the island is cured by the following method:
firstly, setting foundation piles;
(1) pre-drilling: in the tide-off period after the tide falls, drilling holes at the planned position of the island, wherein the hole depth is 0.8-1.2m, and the hole diameter is 1.5-2.5 m;
(2) pre-embedding a main support body: the main support comprises a shell and a framework, the shell is a metal cylinder with the inner wall and the outer wall coated with anticorrosive paint and the bottom end sealed, the framework is fixedly arranged in the shell, the outer diameter of the main support is matched with the aperture of the drilled hole, and the main support is pre-embedded in the drilled hole in the step (1); the contact part of the support and the surface of the reef disc is reinforced by adopting concrete pouring, so that the displacement of the main support is avoided, and the height of the main support is 3-5 m;
(3) filling concrete filler in the main support body in the step (2);
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3), and arranging a plurality of foundation piles on the reef disc at equal intervals of 2-3 meters; step two, enclosing a dam; in the tide stopping period after the tide falls, a plurality of foundation piles are connected and fastened by using a prefabricated reinforced concrete plate through bolts, iron wires and cement to form a plurality of dam areas, and each dam area forms a three-dimensional enclosure dam;
and thirdly, filling the dam, wherein reef soil and sea sand are filled in each dam area.
In another preferred embodiment, the sediment repairing agent is thrown to the sea area after the dredging of the cutter suction dredger, then the sediment in the cofferdam is thrown back to the seabed, and of course, in order to keep the dredging result, the throwing is carried out so that the seabed covers 1 cm of sediment.
The bottom mud repairing agent is mixed with bottom mud for use when being thrown, and specifically, the bottom mud per square meter comprises the following components: 2000g of ecological adsorbent, 1000g of bottom sediment oxygen increasing agent, 200g of microbial growth promoter and 5L of composite microorganism; the details are as follows:
(1) the ecological adsorbent is gravel and ceramsite mixed in any ratio; the granularity of the ecological adsorbent is 10 mm;
(2) the bottom sludge oxygen increasing agent is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of calcium peroxide, 60 parts of 50-mesh active carbon and 3 parts of phosphate;
(3) the microbial growth promoter is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of complex enzyme, 0.4 part of trace element, 0.3 part of hormone, 3 parts of amino acid and 4 parts of nitrate;
the compound enzyme is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55% of protease, 30% of amylase, 20% of urease and 20% of cellulase; the trace elements are a mixture of iron salt, manganese salt and zinc salt; the hormone is cytokinin; the amino acid is phenylalanine and threonine, and the mass ratio of the phenylalanine to the threonine is 1: 1; the composite microorganism comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50% of EM bacteria, 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bacillus cereus and 30% of dry pseudomonas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: earlier through the silt of cutter-suction dredger clearance island reef periphery to in discharging silt to the land cofferdam of island reef, be used for making the mud brick behind the silt mixed grit in the cofferdam, both can prevent that silt, grit from going into the sea once more and can provide building material on for the island reef again. In addition, a port sediment curing means after dredging is provided, and seabed curing is carried out in a dam filling mode or a sediment repairing mode, so that adverse effects on island ecology caused by sedimentation are reduced.
The cutter-suction dredger can form a sector dredging area for the seabed, so that a small port can be arranged at the position, the water depth is quiet, and the dredger is suitable for being used as a port.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a cutter suction ship; 2. transferring a pump station; 3. cofferdam; 4. sludge discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological reef island with sand-cleaning and dredging and port function is provided, the island is excavated with a cofferdam one kilometer along the sea, a sludge discharge pipe is installed on the cofferdam, a transfer pump station is arranged at the coastal position, a cutter-suction ship is arranged on the sea outside the island, the cutter-suction ship is connected with the transfer pump station through a pipeline, the transfer pump station is communicated with the sludge discharge pipe through a pipeline, the cutter-suction ship swings and sucks the sludge at the bottom of the sea, the sludge is pumped into the cofferdam through the transfer pump station, the sludge is further aired through mixing soil curing agent and sand after primary airing and concentration, and then the sludge is manually dug up and cured and molded by using a mold, so that the ecological reef island can be used as a simple mud brick, for example, the ecological reef island can be used for laying floors.
The working method of the cutter suction dredger comprises the following steps:
installing a large cutter-suction dredger, wherein the front end of the cutter-suction dredger is connected with a bridge which can pitch through a trunnion, a reamer is installed at the front end of the bridge, an underwater pump machine inside the reamer is connected with an in-cabin pump machine in a cabin through a pipeline in the bridge, when blades in the pump machine rotate at a high speed, vacuum pressure generated in the pipeline sucks mud rolled up by the reamer, and then the mud is conveyed to a cofferdam area through a mud discharge pipeline connected with the hull;
the cutter-suction dredger adopts a fan-shaped dredging process, when the cutter-suction dredger works, a steel column at the rear end of a ship body is deeply inserted into the sea bottom, a bridge swings left and right in a reciprocating mode with the axis as a center and is matched with a reamer to rotate, the steel column trolley of the cutter-suction dredger achieves forward movement during ship body construction, and left and right swinging of the ship body is achieved through retraction and release of special anchor rods and anchor machines on two sides of the front portion of the ship body.
The concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing 200-50 parts of modified coral sand, 100-150 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, 10-20 parts of inorganic antibacterial agent and 200 parts of seawater by soaking the mixed slurry of unsaturated resin and organic bentonite, firstly uniformly mixing the magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, the inorganic antibacterial agent and the seawater according to the formula ratio, then adding the mixture into the coral sand and the cement according to the formula ratio, and uniformly mixing the mixture. The island reef is different from the continent, no convenient transportation channel is provided, the common cement of the continent is not easy to obtain, the cement produced by the continent is not suitable for the island, and the cement obtained by the formula is prepared from local materials and is very resistant to seawater erosion.
Zoysia japonica is planted on the surface of the cofferdam, and the method comprises the following steps: sowing after 7 months and 8 months of early rain, soaking the seeds in 0.4-0.5% sodium hydroxide solution for 18-24 hours before sowing, cleaning with clear water, drying in the air, germinating 10-13 days after sowing, and leveling the seedlings 20-25 days, wherein watering is carried out at least once until the improved mature soil layer is thoroughly wet. The cofferdam is reinforced by the flourishing root system of the herbaceous plant, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
The seabed outside the island is cured, and the curing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting foundation piles;
(1) pre-drilling: in the tide-off period after the tide falls, drilling holes at the planned position of the island, wherein the hole depth is 0.8-1.2m, and the hole diameter is 1.5-2.5 m;
(2) pre-embedding a main support body: the main support comprises a shell and a framework, the shell is a metal cylinder with the inner wall and the outer wall coated with anticorrosive paint and the bottom end sealed, the framework is fixedly arranged in the shell, the outer diameter of the main support is matched with the aperture of the drilled hole, and the main support is pre-embedded in the drilled hole in the step (1); the contact part of the support and the surface of the reef disc is reinforced by adopting concrete pouring, so that the displacement of the main support is avoided, and the height of the main support is 3-5 m;
(3) filling concrete filler in the main support body in the step (2);
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3), and arranging a plurality of foundation piles on the reef disc at equal intervals of 2-3 meters; step two, enclosing a dam; in the tide stopping period after the tide falls, a plurality of foundation piles are connected and fastened by using a prefabricated reinforced concrete plate through bolts, iron wires and cement to form a plurality of dam areas, and each dam area forms a three-dimensional enclosure dam;
and thirdly, filling the dam, wherein reef soil and sea sand are filled in each dam area.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological reef island with sand-cleaning and dredging and port function is provided, the island is excavated with a cofferdam one kilometer along the sea, a sludge discharge pipe is installed on the cofferdam, a transfer pump station is arranged at the coastal position, a cutter-suction ship is arranged on the sea outside the island, the cutter-suction ship is connected with the transfer pump station through a pipeline, the transfer pump station is communicated with the sludge discharge pipe through a pipeline, the cutter-suction ship swings and sucks the sludge at the bottom of the sea, the sludge is pumped into the cofferdam through the transfer pump station, the sludge is further aired through mixing soil curing agent and sand after primary airing and concentration, and then the sludge is manually dug up and cured and molded by using a mold, so that the ecological reef island can be used as a simple mud brick, for example, the ecological reef island can be used for laying floors.
The working method of the cutter suction dredger comprises the following steps:
installing a large cutter-suction dredger, wherein the front end of the cutter-suction dredger is connected with a bridge which can pitch through a trunnion, a reamer is installed at the front end of the bridge, an underwater pump machine inside the reamer is connected with an in-cabin pump machine in a cabin through a pipeline in the bridge, when blades in the pump machine rotate at a high speed, vacuum pressure generated in the pipeline sucks mud rolled up by the reamer, and then the mud is conveyed to a cofferdam area through a mud discharge pipeline connected with the hull;
the cutter-suction dredger adopts a fan-shaped dredging process, when the cutter-suction dredger works, a steel column at the rear end of a ship body is deeply inserted into the sea bottom, a bridge swings left and right in a reciprocating mode with the axis as a center and is matched with a reamer to rotate, the steel column trolley of the cutter-suction dredger achieves forward movement during ship body construction, and left and right swinging of the ship body is achieved through retraction and release of special anchor rods and anchor machines on two sides of the front portion of the ship body.
The concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing 200-50 parts of modified coral sand, 100-150 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, 10-20 parts of inorganic antibacterial agent and 200 parts of seawater by soaking the mixed slurry of unsaturated resin and organic bentonite, firstly uniformly mixing the magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, the inorganic antibacterial agent and the seawater according to the formula ratio, then adding the mixture into the coral sand and the cement according to the formula ratio, and uniformly mixing the mixture. The island reef is different from the continent, no convenient transportation channel is provided, the common cement of the continent is not easy to obtain, the cement produced by the continent is not suitable for the island, and the cement obtained by the formula is prepared from local materials and is very resistant to seawater erosion.
Zoysia japonica is planted on the surface of the cofferdam, and the method comprises the following steps: sowing after 7 months and 8 months of early rain, soaking the seeds in 0.4-0.5% sodium hydroxide solution for 18-24 hours before sowing, cleaning with clear water, drying in the air, germinating 10-13 days after sowing, and leveling the seedlings 20-25 days, wherein watering is carried out at least once until the improved mature soil layer is thoroughly wet. The cofferdam is reinforced by the flourishing root system of the herbaceous plant, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
And throwing the bottom mud repairing agent to the sea area of the dredging cutter-suction ship, then throwing the bottom mud in the cofferdam to the seabed, and covering the seabed with 1 cm of bottom mud by throwing.
The bottom mud repairing agent is mixed with bottom mud for use when being thrown, and specifically, the bottom mud per square meter comprises the following components: 2000g of ecological adsorbent, 1000g of bottom sediment oxygen increasing agent, 200g of microbial growth promoter and 5L of composite microorganism; the details are as follows:
(1) the ecological adsorbent is gravel and ceramsite mixed in any ratio; the granularity of the ecological adsorbent is 10 mm;
(2) the bottom sludge oxygen increasing agent is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of calcium peroxide, 60 parts of 50-mesh active carbon and 3 parts of phosphate;
(3) the microbial growth promoter is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of complex enzyme, 0.4 part of trace element, 0.3 part of hormone, 3 parts of amino acid and 4 parts of nitrate;
the compound enzyme is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55% of protease, 30% of amylase, 20% of urease and 20% of cellulase; the trace elements are a mixture of iron salt, manganese salt and zinc salt; the hormone is cytokinin; the amino acid is phenylalanine and threonine, and the mass ratio of the phenylalanine to the threonine is 1: 1; the composite microorganism comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50% of EM bacteria, 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bacillus cereus and 30% of dry pseudomonas.
Example 1 the seabed must be of sufficient depth due to the provision of a fill dam, whereas example 2 is suitable for an island which is prone to fouling.
The foregoing embodiments and description have been presented only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (7)
1. From ecological island reef of taking desilting and little harbour function, its characterized in that: the island reef coastal one kilometer department excavates the cofferdam, install the silt delivery pipe on the cofferdam, and set up the transfer pump station in coastal department, set up the cutter-suction ship on the sea outside the island reef, the cutter-suction ship passes through pipe connection transfer pump station, the transfer pump station passes through pipeline intercommunication silt delivery pipe, the cutter-suction ship sways the cutter-suction seabed silt, silt is pumped into in the cofferdam through the transfer pump station, silt mixes soil curing agent and grit further sunning after concentrating through preliminary sunning, then the manual work is dug it and is used the mould solidification shaping, use as simple and easy mud brick, for example, can be used for laying the flower garden, the floor of small-size square, build the house of draught animal and poultry.
2. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the working method of the cutter suction dredger comprises the following steps:
installing a large cutter-suction dredger, wherein the front end of the cutter-suction dredger is connected with a bridge which can pitch through a trunnion, a reamer is installed at the front end of the bridge, an underwater pump machine inside the reamer is connected with an in-cabin pump machine in a cabin through a pipeline in the bridge, when blades in the pump machine rotate at a high speed, vacuum pressure generated in the pipeline sucks mud rolled up by the reamer, and then the mud is conveyed to a cofferdam area through a mud discharge pipeline connected with the hull;
the cutter-suction dredger adopts a fan-shaped dredging process, when the cutter-suction dredger works, a steel column at the rear end of a ship body is deeply inserted into the sea bottom, a bridge swings left and right in a reciprocating mode with the axis as a center and is matched with a reamer to rotate, the steel column trolley of the cutter-suction dredger achieves forward movement during ship body construction, and left and right swinging of the ship body is achieved through retraction and release of special anchor rods and anchor machines on two sides of the front portion of the ship body.
3. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing 200-50 parts of modified coral sand, 100-150 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, 10-20 parts of inorganic antibacterial agent and 200 parts of seawater by soaking the mixed slurry of unsaturated resin and organic bentonite, firstly uniformly mixing the magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon, the inorganic antibacterial agent and the seawater according to the formula ratio, then adding the mixture into the coral sand and the cement according to the formula ratio, and uniformly mixing the mixture.
4. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 3, wherein: zoysia japonica is planted on the surface of the cofferdam, and the method comprises the following steps: sowing after 7 months and 8 months of early rain, soaking the seeds in 0.4-0.5% sodium hydroxide solution for 18-24 hours before sowing, cleaning with clear water, drying in the air, germinating 10-13 days after sowing, and leveling the seedlings 20-25 days, wherein watering is carried out at least once until the improved mature soil layer is thoroughly wet. The cofferdam is reinforced by the flourishing root system of the herbaceous plant, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
5. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seabed outside the island is cured, and the curing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting foundation piles;
(1) pre-drilling: in the tide-off period after the tide falls, drilling holes at the planned position of the island, wherein the hole depth is 0.8-1.2m, and the hole diameter is 1.5-2.5 m;
(2) pre-embedding a main support body: the main support comprises a shell and a framework, the shell is a metal cylinder with the inner wall and the outer wall coated with anticorrosive paint and the bottom end sealed, the framework is fixedly arranged in the shell, the outer diameter of the main support is matched with the aperture of the drilled hole, and the main support is pre-embedded in the drilled hole in the step (1); the contact part of the support and the surface of the reef disc is reinforced by adopting concrete pouring, so that the displacement of the main support is avoided, and the height of the main support is 3-5 m;
(3) filling concrete filler in the main support body in the step (2);
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3), and arranging a plurality of foundation piles on the reef disc at equal intervals of 2-3 meters;
step two, enclosing a dam; in the tide stopping period after the tide falls, a plurality of foundation piles are connected and fastened by using a prefabricated reinforced concrete plate through bolts, iron wires and cement to form a plurality of dam areas, and each dam area forms a three-dimensional enclosure dam;
and thirdly, filling the dam, wherein reef soil and sea sand are filled in each dam area.
6. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and throwing the bottom mud repairing agent to the sea area of the dredging cutter-suction ship, then throwing the bottom mud in the cofferdam to the seabed, and covering the seabed with 1 cm of bottom mud by throwing.
7. The ecological island reef with functions of sand removal, silt removal and port harbor as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the bottom mud repairing agent is mixed with bottom mud for use when being thrown, and specifically, the bottom mud per square meter comprises the following components: 2000g of ecological adsorbent, 1000g of bottom sediment oxygen increasing agent, 200g of microbial growth promoter and 5L of composite microorganism; the details are as follows:
(1) the ecological adsorbent is gravel and ceramsite mixed in any ratio; the granularity of the ecological adsorbent is 10 mm;
(2) the bottom sludge oxygen increasing agent is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of calcium peroxide, 60 parts of 50-mesh active carbon and 3 parts of phosphate;
(3) the microbial growth promoter is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of complex enzyme, 0.4 part of trace element, 0.3 part of hormone, 3 parts of amino acid and 4 parts of nitrate;
the compound enzyme is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55% of protease, 30% of amylase, 20% of urease and 20% of cellulase; the trace elements are a mixture of iron salt, manganese salt and zinc salt; the hormone is cytokinin; the amino acid is phenylalanine and threonine, and the mass ratio of the phenylalanine to the threonine is 1: 1; the composite microorganism comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50% of EM bacteria, 50% of bacillus subtilis, 20% of bacillus cereus and 30% of dry pseudomonas.
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