CN112301805B - A kind of subgrade freezing damage remediation device with horizontal two-way layered decompression - Google Patents
A kind of subgrade freezing damage remediation device with horizontal two-way layered decompression Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种水平双向分层减压的路基冻害整治装置，由钢筋混凝土支撑箱体、若干个钢筋混凝土活动面板、低摩擦系数隔离层、弹簧组、带螺纹套管、带螺纹导杆、预埋套筒以及橡胶保护层组成。当土体逐渐冻结时，各深度处土体产生冻胀力，推动装置两个对应深度处钢筋混凝土活动面板向内移动，释放冻胀力，同时弹簧蓄能，降低或消除路基冻胀量；当土体消融时，蓄能的弹簧就会推动两侧融化部位对应活动板向外移动挤压土体，增大路基刚度，减小路基融沉量。本装置具有分层均匀释放冻胀力、价格低廉、可模块化制作、施工简单快速、适应性强、防水性能好、耐久性好、可循环使用、维护更换方便等特点，在防治路基冻害方面具有广阔的应用前景。
The invention proposes a subgrade freezing damage remediation device with horizontal two-way layered decompression, which consists of a reinforced concrete supporting box, several reinforced concrete movable panels, a low friction coefficient isolation layer, a spring group, a threaded casing, and a threaded guide rod. , embedded sleeve and rubber protective layer. When the soil gradually freezes, the soil at each depth generates frost heave force, which pushes the reinforced concrete movable panels at the two corresponding depths of the device to move inward to release the frost heave force, and at the same time the spring stores energy to reduce or eliminate the frost heave amount of the roadbed; When the soil is ablated, the energy-storing spring will push the corresponding movable plates on both sides to move outward to squeeze the soil, increase the stiffness of the subgrade, and reduce the subgrade melting. The device has the characteristics of layered and uniform release of frost heave force, low price, modular production, simple and fast construction, strong adaptability, good waterproof performance, good durability, recyclable use, convenient maintenance and replacement, etc. with broadly application foreground.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及季节冻土区铁路路基冻害治理领域，涉及一种水平冻胀力分层释放的路基冻害整治装置，根据已有研究成果和相关试验结果，针对冻害发展的特点，设计了水平双向分层减压的路基冻害整治装置。The invention relates to the field of frost damage control of railway subgrades in seasonally frozen soil areas, and relates to a subgrade frost damage control device that releases horizontal frost heave force in layers. The subgrade frost damage remediation device for layer decompression.
背景技术Background technique
根据土体处于冻结状态持续时间的不同，冻土可分为季节性冻土和多年冻土。季节性冻土是指地表层冬季冻结，而在夏季又全部融化的土，在一年内其冻结时间不会超过一个季节。多年冻土是冻结状态持续多年，多年不融的冻土。我国冻土面积广大，其中季节性冻土占我国领土面积的55％，多年冻土占全国领土面积的1/5。冻土是具有多相复杂体系的特殊土类，其性质受含冰量的控制，而含冰量的大小直接与温度相关，温度升高含冰量减少，温度降低含冰量增高。气候季节变化和人类活动不可避免的会引起土温的变化，因此，冻土的性质随时都在变化，表现为动态特性，是一种对温度十分敏感且性质不稳定的土体。在季节性冻土区，冻土灾害发生时会造成路基面不均匀隆起和鼓胀，反映到轨道上会引起轨面不平顺，严重时会危及行车安全。Frozen soil can be divided into seasonal frozen soil and permafrost according to the duration of the frozen state. Seasonally frozen soil refers to the soil whose surface layer freezes in winter and melts completely in summer, and its freezing time will not exceed one season within a year. Permafrost is frozen soil that lasts for many years and does not thaw for many years. my country has a vast area of permafrost, of which seasonally frozen soil accounts for 55% of my country's territory, and permafrost accounts for 1/5 of the country's territory. Frozen soil is a special kind of soil with a complex multiphase system. Its properties are controlled by the ice content, and the ice content is directly related to the temperature. The ice content decreases when the temperature increases, and the ice content increases when the temperature decreases. Seasonal changes in climate and human activities will inevitably cause changes in soil temperature. Therefore, the properties of frozen soil are changing at any time, showing dynamic characteristics. It is a kind of soil that is very sensitive to temperature and unstable. In seasonally frozen soil areas, the occurrence of permafrost disasters will cause uneven bulging and bulging of the subgrade surface, which will cause unevenness of the track surface when reflected on the track, which will endanger the driving safety in severe cases.
目前，整治既有铁路路基冻害的主要措施有：换填法、排水法、隔水法、保温法、物理化学法(注盐法和撒盐法)、挤密法、抬轨法、冻害垫板顺坡法等。换填法是用非冻胀性的土置换既有路基冻胀土，换填后可保证路基不冻胀，但这种方法需中断行车，工作量大，在实际冻害整治工程中很少采用。排水法是通过排除地表水或降低疏导地下水及隔断下层水以消除或减少路基土体冻胀。隔水法是指用各种材料制成的隔水层，使地下水不能透过，或隔断毛细水的补给，阻止冻结时所产生的水分向上迁移作用，以减少或消除冻胀。保温法是在路基表层(顶面及路基边坡)设置保温隔热层，使表层下的土层不冻结或减少冻结深度，推迟土体冻结，提高土中温度，从而消除或减少路基土体的冻胀。物理化学法(注盐法和撒盐法)是在路基填土中加入某些物质(比如工业盐)，改变土粒与水之间的相互作用，使土体中的水分迁移强度及其冰点发生变化从而消弱土的冻胀，该方法施工简便，但保持时间较短，且对环境、钢轨及扣件造成污染和腐蚀，只能减小冻胀，不能根除冻害，应与其他办法结合使用。挤密法是在路基上按一定间距成孔，然后填入石灰或水泥改良土，经夯实成桩，通过材料吸水和离子交换，使桩周土体固结，同时对桩间土挤密压实，提高土体的密实度，从而减少了路基冻胀量。抬道法适用范围主要是在平面和纵断面条件允许情况下的水浸路基的地段和冻害连续的地段。随着大型养路机械的应用，使用大型养路机械抬道法整治路基病害是确保行车安全，降低工程造价，工程得以顺利实施的最佳选择。冻害垫板顺坡法是在路基冻胀时，在钢轨与轨枕之间垫入竹板或橡胶垫板进行顺坡，且在冻胀期间必须坚持随起随垫的作业原则，冻土消融时再撤出垫板顺坡，且冻害回落期间必须坚持随落随撤的作业原则。At present, the main measures to rectify the freezing damage of existing railway subgrades are: replacement method, drainage method, water blocking method, thermal insulation method, physical and chemical method (salt injection method and salt spraying method), compaction method, rail lifting method, frost damage pad Plate down slope method, etc. The replacement method is to replace the existing subgrade frost heaving soil with non-frost heaving soil, which can ensure that the subgrade does not freeze heave after replacement. . The drainage method is to eliminate or reduce the frost heave of the subgrade soil by removing the surface water or reducing the drainage of the groundwater and isolating the underlying water. The water barrier method refers to the water barrier layer made of various materials to make the groundwater impermeable, or to cut off the supply of capillary water, and prevent the upward migration of water generated during freezing, so as to reduce or eliminate frost heave. The thermal insulation method is to set a thermal insulation layer on the subgrade surface (top surface and subgrade slope), so that the soil layer under the surface layer does not freeze or reduce the freezing depth, delay the freezing of the soil mass, and increase the temperature in the soil, thereby eliminating or reducing the subgrade soil mass. of frost heave. The physical and chemical method (salt injection method and salt spray method) is to add certain substances (such as industrial salt) to the subgrade fill to change the interaction between soil particles and water, so that the water migration strength and its freezing point in the soil mass are changed. Changes to weaken the frost heave of the soil. This method is easy to construct, but the maintenance time is short, and it causes pollution and corrosion to the environment, rails and fasteners. It can only reduce frost heave, but cannot eradicate frost damage. It should be combined with other methods. use. The compaction method is to form holes at a certain distance on the roadbed, and then fill with lime or cement to improve soil, and then compact it into a pile. It can improve the compactness of the soil, thereby reducing the frost heave of the roadbed. The scope of application of the road-lifting method is mainly in the sections of the flooded roadbed and the sections with continuous freezing damage when the plane and longitudinal section conditions permit. With the application of large-scale road maintenance machinery, the use of large-scale road maintenance machinery to rectify roadbed diseases is the best choice to ensure driving safety, reduce project costs, and successfully implement projects. The frost-damaged pad slope method is to insert bamboo boards or rubber pads between the rails and sleepers to follow the slope when the subgrade is frost heaving. Then withdraw the pad along the slope, and the operation principle of following the fall must be adhered to during the fall of the freezing damage.
路基的冻害治理方面方面存在诸多问题，各种整治措施还有不足之处，为更好地解决路基冻害的问题，本次提出了一种水平双向分层减压的路基冻害整治装置，该装置主要通过将冻胀路基中的水平冻胀力分层逐步释放和自复位来实现对路基冻害的整治。该装置是由混凝土支撑箱体、若干个钢筋混凝活动土板、四氟板(低摩擦)隔离层、不同刚度弹簧组、螺栓固定组件和橡胶外保护层组成。该装置施工方便。该装置强度高、竖向刚度大、防水、耐候性强、适应能力强，能满足路基对其承载力和变形的要求。冬季路基土体冻胀时，路基土由上向下逐步产生冻胀力，冻胀力推动各个水平活动板发生水平位移，释放路基中的冻胀力并减弱或消除路基冻胀量，同时弹簧组装置压缩蓄能；暖季路基土体融化时，周围土体刚度降低，弹簧组装置蓄的能量再反过来推动各个活动板分别向两个方向挤压路基土体，达到减小融沉量的目的。如此反复，可很好的减弱或消除路基的冻胀融沉危害，外表面的橡胶保护层可以保证装置在地下水丰富的地区也可以正常使用。与其他措施相比本装置可以降低工作量，节省投资，具有很重要的工程应用价值和社会效益，在解决路基冻害方面具有广阔的应用前景。There are many problems in the management of freezing damage of roadbed, and various rectification measures have shortcomings. In order to better solve the problem of freezing damage of roadbed, this time, a horizontal bidirectional layered decompression and freezing damage rectification device for roadbed is proposed. The remediation of frost damage to the subgrade is mainly achieved by gradually releasing and self-resetting the horizontal frost heave force in the frost heave subgrade. The device is composed of a concrete support box, several reinforced concrete active soil plates, a PTFE plate (low friction) isolation layer, a spring group with different stiffness, a bolt fixing component and a rubber outer protective layer. The device is easy to construct. The device has high strength, high vertical stiffness, waterproof, strong weather resistance and strong adaptability, and can meet the requirements of the roadbed for its bearing capacity and deformation. When the subgrade soil is frost heaving in winter, the subgrade soil gradually generates frost heave force from top to bottom, and the frost heave force pushes the horizontal displacement of each horizontal movable plate, releases the frost heave force in the subgrade and weakens or eliminates the amount of frost heave of the subgrade. When the subgrade soil melts in the warm season, the stiffness of the surrounding soil decreases, and the energy stored by the spring group device in turn pushes each movable plate to squeeze the subgrade soil in two directions to reduce the amount of melting. the goal of. Repeatedly, the frost heave and thawing hazard of the roadbed can be well weakened or eliminated, and the rubber protective layer on the outer surface can ensure that the device can be used normally in areas with abundant groundwater. Compared with other measures, the device can reduce workload and save investment, has very important engineering application value and social benefits, and has broad application prospects in solving subgrade freezing damage.
本发明是基于本团队专利号为ZL201610293305.5，名为《一种可实现双向减压及自复位的既有路基防冻害装置》的发明专利的内容，对原有装置做出了重大改进，可以更加有效的整治既有路基冻害。The present invention is based on the content of the patent No. ZL201610293305.5 of our team, entitled "An Existing Subgrade Antifreeze Damage Device That Can Realize Bidirectional Decompression and Self-Reset", and has made significant improvements to the original device. The existing subgrade frost damage can be renovated more effectively.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本次发明提出了一种水平双向分层减压的路基冻害整治装置，该装置主要通过将冻土路基中的水平冻胀力分层逐步释放和自复位来实现对路基冻胀融沉病害的整治。This invention proposes a subgrade frost damage remediation device with horizontal two-way layered decompression. The device mainly realizes the protection of subgrade frost heave and thawing diseases by gradually releasing and self-resetting the horizontal frost heave force in the frozen soil subgrade. remediation.
本发明所要解决的技术问题主要在于：克服现有装置不能均匀释放冻胀力和不能在含水率较高的地区使用的缺点，提出一种新的水平双向分层减压的路基冻害整治装置，该装置的面板为分层分块设计，分层数量可以根据具体使用场地和位置灵活确定，面板分层设计在路基填土冻结过程中可以分层释放冻胀力，使整治效果更加明显，并且不会出现整块面板倾斜使装置失效和冻胀力释放不及时等状况，提高了装置的工作性能和可靠性。另外，在本装置外表设置了一层橡胶防水层，较已有装置适应性更强，可以在地下水位较高和路基含水率较大的地区使用。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention mainly lies in: overcoming the shortcomings that the existing device cannot release the frost heave force uniformly and cannot be used in areas with high water content, and proposes a new horizontal bidirectional layered decompression subgrade frost damage remediation device, The panel of the device is designed in layers and blocks, and the number of layers can be flexibly determined according to the specific use site and location. The layered design of the panel can release the frost heave force in layers during the freezing process of the subgrade fill, making the remediation effect more obvious, and The failure of the device and the untimely release of the frost heave force will not occur due to the tilting of the whole panel, which improves the working performance and reliability of the device. In addition, a layer of rubber waterproof layer is arranged on the outer surface of the device, which is more adaptable than the existing device, and can be used in areas with high groundwater level and high water content of roadbed.
本发明主要由以下部分组成：钢筋混凝土支撑箱体、若干个钢筋混凝土活动面板、四氟板隔离层、弹簧组装置、带螺纹导杆、橡胶保护层以及其他部分，该装置主要部件的功能是：钢筋混凝土支撑箱体承担上部荷载并容纳保护其他部件，钢筋混凝土支撑箱体一次预制成型，弹簧组提供所需的水平力并蓄积能量，弹簧刚度系数应根据当地实测的路基中最大水平冻胀力选择，并依据冻胀力的分布形式和变化规律设置钢筋混凝土活动面板的数量和各弹簧组的参数，保证各钢筋混凝土活动面板受力和变形与各土层相适应，为使钢筋混凝土活动面板在路基冻害整治装置内只发生平动位移且不会相互卡顿，在各个钢筋混凝土活动面板之间、钢筋混凝土活动面板与钢筋混凝土支撑箱体之间设置低摩擦系数隔离层，低摩擦系数隔离层的材料选取和厚度由室内试验和现场试验测定的冻土路基的参数和变化规律确定，使路基冻害整治装置的效果达到要求；钢筋混凝土活动面板承受冻胀力和弹簧组的作用力，应有一定的厚度、强度和刚度，在预制时根据弹簧装置的位置预留孔位，便于现场安装固定弹簧装置，装置组装时应使弹簧有一定的初始压缩量，以便抵消路基填土的主动土压力。为了保护弹簧组和防止水进入后造成装置失效甚至损坏，在装置外表面设置橡胶保护层，橡胶保护层(8)的厚度和橡胶的具体性能由现场环境参数确定以达到路基冻害整治装置对耐久性和防水性能的要求。The present invention is mainly composed of the following parts: a reinforced concrete supporting box, several reinforced concrete movable panels, a PTFE plate isolation layer, a spring group device, a threaded guide rod, a rubber protective layer and other parts. The functions of the main components of the device are: : The reinforced concrete support box bears the upper load and accommodates and protects other components. The reinforced concrete support box is prefabricated at one time. The spring group provides the required horizontal force and stores energy. The spring stiffness coefficient should be based on the maximum horizontal frost heave in the subgrade measured locally. The number of reinforced concrete movable panels and the parameters of each spring group are set according to the distribution form and changing law of the frost heave force to ensure that the force and deformation of each reinforced concrete movable panel are suitable for each soil layer. The panels only have translational displacement in the subgrade freezing damage remediation device and will not jam each other. A low friction coefficient isolation layer is set between each reinforced concrete movable panel, between the reinforced concrete movable panel and the reinforced concrete supporting box, and the low friction coefficient The material selection and thickness of the isolation layer are determined by the parameters and change rules of the frozen soil subgrade measured by laboratory tests and field tests, so that the effect of the subgrade frost damage remediation device can meet the requirements; There should be a certain thickness, strength and rigidity. During prefabrication, holes should be reserved according to the position of the spring device, so as to facilitate the installation of the fixed spring device on site. When the device is assembled, the spring should have a certain amount of initial compression, so as to offset the initiative of the roadbed filling. earth pressure. In order to protect the spring group and prevent the device from failing or even being damaged after water enters, a rubber protective layer is arranged on the outer surface of the device. The thickness of the rubber protective layer (8) and the specific performance of the rubber are determined by the on-site environmental parameters to achieve the durability of the roadbed frost damage remediation device. performance and waterproof performance requirements.
本发明的技术效果是：在土体冻结时，土中水结冰膨胀，冻土体积相应增大，产生冻胀力，就会推动装置内两个水平方向对应深度处的钢筋混凝土活动面板向内移动，弹簧装置蓄能，使土体内的冻胀力得以释放，即可减轻路基的隆起抬升，在土体消融时土中冰融化成水，土体体积缩小，相应的刚度减小，装置内的弹簧就会分别推动两侧活动钢筋混凝土板向外移动，挤压土体，增大路基土体刚度，减弱路基土层的融沉变形。本装置采用水平两向减压，即装置水平两个方向都有活动板进行工作，提高了整治效果。外表的橡胶保护层可以保证装置有更强的适应性和耐久性并且在地下水丰富的地区也可以正常使用。The technical effect of the invention is: when the soil is frozen, the water in the soil freezes and expands, the volume of the frozen soil increases accordingly, and the frost heave force is generated, which will push the reinforced concrete movable panels at the corresponding depths in the two horizontal directions in the device to move toward The spring device stores energy and releases the frost heave force in the soil body, which can reduce the uplift of the roadbed. When the soil body melts, the ice in the soil melts into water, the volume of the soil body is reduced, and the corresponding stiffness is reduced. The inner spring will push the movable reinforced concrete slabs on both sides to move outwards, squeeze the soil, increase the stiffness of the subgrade soil, and weaken the melting deformation of the subgrade soil. The device adopts horizontal two-direction decompression, that is, there are movable plates in both horizontal directions of the device to work, which improves the remediation effect. The rubber protective layer on the surface can ensure that the device has stronger adaptability and durability and can also be used normally in areas with abundant groundwater.
本发明的优点是：The advantages of the present invention are:
(1)适应性强，性能可靠。本装置的活动面板的高度小数量多可以克服整块面板的诸多缺点，当冻胀过程沿深度依次发展时，对应深度处的混凝土面板发挥作用，可以最大限度的减小冻胀-融沉造成的危害，并且各层弹簧组刚度可以根据室内和现场试验资料分别设置；(1) Strong adaptability and reliable performance. The movable panels of the device have a small height and a large number, which can overcome many shortcomings of the whole panel. When the frost heave process develops sequentially along the depth, the concrete panels at the corresponding depths play their role, which can minimize the frost heave-thaw settlement caused by hazards, and the stiffness of each layer of spring groups can be set separately according to indoor and field test data;
(2)制作方便，施工便利。本装置可以工厂模块化生产，根据现场实际情况选择不同参数的模块并且各模块之间采用螺栓拼装而成，方便快捷，利用工务维修天窗，即可施工；(2) The production is convenient and the construction is convenient. The device can be modularized in the factory, and modules with different parameters are selected according to the actual situation on site, and each module is assembled with bolts, which is convenient and fast, and can be constructed by repairing the skylight by public works;
(3)耐久性和耐候强好，防水性能好。本装置设置了橡胶保护层可以保证装置有更强的适应性和耐久性，可以在地下水丰富和路基含水率较高的地区正常使用，装置不会因为进水而造成失效。(3) Good durability and weather resistance, and good waterproof performance. The device is equipped with a rubber protective layer to ensure that the device has stronger adaptability and durability, and can be used normally in areas with abundant groundwater and high moisture content of the roadbed, and the device will not fail due to water ingress.
(4)维护更换方便快捷，节约投资。使用过程中部分装置损坏或者失效后，及时更换即可恢复功效；实用性好、操作方便、价格低廉，易于推广应用。装置一旦埋设到位，可循环工作若干个冻融周期，省时省力；并降低路基养护维修工作量，大大降低养护维修费用。(4) It is convenient and quick to maintain and replace, saving investment. After some devices are damaged or fail during use, they can be replaced in time to restore their functions; the utility model has good practicability, convenient operation, low price, and is easy to popularize and apply. Once the device is buried in place, it can be cycled for several freeze-thaw cycles, saving time and effort; it also reduces the workload of roadbed maintenance and repair, and greatly reduces maintenance and repair costs.
(5)水平双向减压，整治效果更加明显。(5) Horizontal two-way decompression, the remediation effect is more obvious.
(6)可采用人工挖坑埋设，不需大型机械且作业时间短。(6) Manual digging and burial can be used, no large machinery is required and the operation time is short.
(7)本发明的装置可以工厂模块化生产，质量易保证。(7) The device of the present invention can be modularized in a factory, and the quality is easy to guarantee.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明装置沿路基纵向的布置图；Fig. 1 is the arrangement diagram of the device of the present invention along the longitudinal direction of the roadbed;
图2是本发明装置在路基横断面上的布置图；Fig. 2 is the arrangement diagram of the device of the present invention on the subgrade cross-section;
图3是本发明装置主要结构的俯视剖面图；Fig. 3 is the top sectional view of the main structure of the device of the present invention;
图4是本发明装置主要结构主视剖面图；Fig. 4 is the main structure front sectional view of the device of the present invention;
图5是本发明装置主要结构侧视剖面图；FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the main structure of the device of the present invention;
图6是本发明装置弹簧部件主视图和俯视图；6 is a front view and a top view of the spring component of the device of the present invention;
图中：1.钢筋混凝土支撑箱体，2.钢筋混凝土活动面板，3.低摩擦系数隔离层，4.弹簧组，5.带螺纹预埋套筒，6.带螺纹导杆，7.预埋套管，8.橡胶保护层，9.弹簧组装置。In the picture: 1. Reinforced concrete support box, 2. Reinforced concrete movable panel, 3. Low friction coefficient isolation layer, 4. Spring group, 5. Threaded embedded sleeve, 6. Threaded guide rod, 7. Pre-installed Buried casing, 8. Rubber protective layer, 9. Spring group device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
该装置的实现的具体步骤下面结合附图和具体实施步骤对本装置作进一步说明。The specific steps of the implementation of the device are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation steps.
步骤零：装置制作，按照设计要求预制所需部件，安装部件，制作橡胶保护层。Step 0: Device fabrication, prefabricating the required parts according to the design requirements, installing the parts, and making the rubber protective layer.
步骤一：施工准备及装置参数选择。测量出冻害路段的路基土参数，根据测量的参数进行装置模块的选择(不同模块的差别主要在弹簧弹性常数和箱体的高度)，该处理装置主要在暖季制作与安装。Step 1: Construction preparation and device parameter selection. Measure the subgrade soil parameters of the frozen road section, and select the device module according to the measured parameters (the difference between different modules is mainly in the spring elastic constant and the height of the box). The treatment device is mainly produced and installed in the warm season.
步骤二：开挖坑槽。依据天窗点的时间，在既有铁路路基上施工，先拆除一根轨枕并挖开轨枕之间的道砟，在两轨枕之间开挖出相应尺寸的坑槽。Step 2: Dig the pit. According to the time of the skylight point, when constructing on the existing railway subgrade, first remove a sleeper and excavate the ballast between the sleepers, and excavate a pit of the corresponding size between the two sleepers.
步骤三：装置定位及安装。将根据上文选择好的箱体放入挖好的坑槽中，并固定好。Step 3: Device positioning and installation. Put the box selected according to the above into the dug groove and fix it.
步骤四：回填路基恢复线路原貌。检查装置箱体的位置和垂直度然后回填坑槽并进行压实，恢复道砟及轨枕，施工完毕。Step 4: Backfill the roadbed to restore the original appearance of the line. Check the position and verticality of the device box, then backfill the pit and compact it, restore the ballast and sleepers, and the construction is completed.
步骤五：冻胀量监控，验证冻害整治效果。Step 5: Monitor the amount of frost heave to verify the effect of frost damage remediation.
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