CN105804122A - Underground engineering waterproof structure - Google Patents
Underground engineering waterproof structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105804122A CN105804122A CN201610136273.8A CN201610136273A CN105804122A CN 105804122 A CN105804122 A CN 105804122A CN 201610136273 A CN201610136273 A CN 201610136273A CN 105804122 A CN105804122 A CN 105804122A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/04—Watertight packings for use under hydraulic pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0037—Clays
- E02D2300/004—Bentonite or bentonite-like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an underground engineering waterproof structure and relates to waterproof structures for underground spaces (basements, underground tunnels and garages) of buildings. The underground engineering waterproof structure can be an underground engineering waterproof structure for an independent foundation and a raft foundation or an underground engineering waterproof structure for a cap foundation and the raft foundation. The underground engineering waterproof structure for the independent foundation and the raft foundation comprises an independent foundation base plate waterproof structure, a wall waterproof structure and a ceiling waterproof structure. The underground engineering waterproof structure for the cap foundation and the raft foundation comprises a cap foundation base plate waterproof structure, a wall waterproof structure and a ceiling waterproof structure. The underground engineering waterproof structure has the characteristics that the structure is novel, construction is easy and convenient, later-stage maintenance is convenient, the waterproof performance is good, the service life is extremely long, and materials are environmentally friendly, and thus the underground engineering waterproof structure is a novel underground engineering waterproof structure which is economical and practical.
Description
Technical field
Underground project waterproof structure of the present invention, relates to the waterproof construction of a kind of building underground space (basement, subterranean tunnel, garage).
Background technology
Underground project waterproof refers to it is to buildings or structures such as industry and civil buildings underground engineering, protection works, tunnel and underground railways, carries out every technology such as waterproofing design, waterproof construction and maintenance management.Waterproofing work is a systematic engineering of business, and it relates to the various aspects such as building management such as engineering waterproofing material, waterproofing design, waterproof construction.Its objective is as ensureing that building is not by water erosion, and inner space is not compromised and improves building use function, the life-span etc..Along with the development in epoch, the progress of science and technology, underground engineering is gradually increased therewith.For this, underground waterproof is underground engineering big event, and its quality can directly influence and use function and service life, but the nearly more than ten years, contrasting by construction unit, basement, top plate of underground parking garage engineering leakage divide can reach more than 60% in various degree.Its main cause be current waterproof material inadaptable and unreasonable with Architectural Construction caused by.Due to seepage, also it is huge to underground engineering structure corrosion.
Underground project waterproof description of materials is various, is divided into 2 class coiled materials by its primary raw material: 1, asphalt waterproof material.With bitumen, asphalt and coal tar pitch for main raw material(s), the asphalt felt made, paper tire asphalt felt etc..2, swelling great soil group waterproof blanket can be divided into by production technology: needle point method sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet, acupuncture method with plastic film sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet and gluing sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet.
GCL is a kind of geosynthetics being specifically designed to the antiseeps such as artificial lake's water scenery, refuse landfill, underground garage, roof garden, pond, oil depot and chemicals stockyard, it is to be filled between special composite earthwork cloth and non-woven fabrics by the sodium bentonite of high-expansion, the bentonite anti-leakage pad made with needle point method can form many little fibre spaces, make bentonite clay particle can not flow as a direction, in pad, form uniform highdensity gluey waterproof layer when meeting water, effectively prevent the seepage of water.
Bentonitic mineralogical name is montmorillonite, and natural bentonite is according to chemical composition broadly divided into sodio and the big class of calcio two.Bentonite has the characteristic of water-swellable; general bentonite inflated time; it expands about 3 times that are only own vol; and bentonite meets the water of absorption own wt five times during water; volumetric expansion to original more than 15-17 times; bentonite is locked in the middle of two-layer geosynthetics, plays protection and the effect reinforced, make bentonite blanket have certain integral anti-shearing intensity.
Its building underground waterproof coiled material technology application, major part all answers the water surface to set one coil waterproof layer at building, structures, sets up the constructing technology modes such as one protective layer outside waterproof layer.
Structure due to coiled material self, it is impossible to meet the waterproof requirement of existing building so that existing water proof structure technology there is problems in that
1, owing to underground engineering structure does not reach waterproof coiled material basic level requirement, estimate and also do not reach waterproof purpose, cause major part leakage of underground engineering phenomenon；
2, the own quality life-span of waterproof coiled material material (15-20) differs too big with the main body life-span (being generally 100 years)；
3, later maintenance is caused very big difficulty by underground engineering waterproof coiled material technology；
4, bentonite blanket is at cold district, is not suitable with frost heave requirement.Forming integration after passing through frost within the scope of frozen soil because of coiled material, coiled material loses elongation percentage index, estimates after frozen soil produces frost-heaving deformation, certainly will produce the Seepage that ruptures.
For problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of novel underground project waterproof structure of research design, thus overcome prior art there is a problem that very necessary.
Summary of the invention
In view of problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to a kind of novel underground project waterproof structure of research design.Utilize the performance that bentonite self has, it is achieved the water resistance of building；
Natural montmorillonite is without caused by aging flexible material, it is according to material behavior, engineering construction is descended to take technique in various degree in combination, reach construction brief introduction, do not affected by environment and temperature, and have energy self-healing effect under the situation of change of slight crack in various factors structure, simultaneously, moment forever ensures underground waterproof layer whole structure, can thoroughly solve leakage of underground engineering problem.Meanwhile, maintenance after underground engineering is created favorable conditions.
A, density: bentonite forms high density diaphragm under water pressure condition, and when thickness is about 3mm, its water penetration is × 10-below 11m/sec, be equivalent to the degree of compaction of the 30cm thickness clay of 100 times, has very strong from water retention property.
B, permanent water resistance: because swelling soil series natural inorganic material, change even across some time or surrounding, without there is aging or corrosion phenomenon, therefore water resistance is lasting.
C, integration (integration of waterproof material and object): when bentonite meets water, have the swelliong power of 10 28 times, even if vibrations and sedimentation occur structure, bentonite also can repair the 20mm crackle effect with inner surface.
D, environmental protection: bentonite is natural inorganic material, harmless nontoxic, and environment is not affected especially, has good environmental-protecting performance.
The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
Underground project waterproof structure of the present invention, including waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction, ceiling waterproof construction；
It is characterized in that: described underground project waterproof structure is divided into the underground project waterproof structure of the isolated footing underground project waterproof structure with raft foundation and cushion cap foundation and raft foundation:
The underground project waterproof structure of isolated footing of the present invention and raft foundation includes isolated footing waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction；
The underground project waterproof structure of cushion cap foundation of the present invention and raft foundation includes cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction.
The underground project waterproof structure of cushion cap foundation of the present invention and raft foundation is from node structure form analysis, and this node load bearing manner belongs to base plate load and passes on cushion cap, passes on the force way of bored concrete pile again through cushion cap.This kind of load bearing manner is after structural concrete strength reaches certain intensity, and structure base slab and each aspect of cushion cap upstream face are not belonging to stress surface, the unsettled aspect of trace multilamellar occur according to different geological conditions.Especially structure bored concrete pile, anti-floating pile pile crown, be unable to reach antiseepage requirement herein.After seepage occur in waterproof layer local or many places, the unsettled layer channeling water phenomenon of multilamellar certainly will be produced at upstream face, cause the invalid consequence of underground project waterproof layer, again through structural concrete many-side crack factor, produce basement leaking phenomenon by distress in concrete.According to above structure load-bearing form and material technology analysis, its result is that waterproof coiled material technology is not suitable with this type of underground structure waterproofing work.For this, in order to solve problem above, the cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structural design of the present invention has base section waterproof construction and cushion cap district waterproof construction two parts.
The layer of making of base section of the present invention waterproof construction is rammed earth layer, concrete cushion, bentonite waterproof layer, non-woven fabrics, concrete cover and underground structure bottom plate layer from the bottom to top successively.
The floor of making of cushion cap district of the present invention waterproof construction is rammed earth floor, concrete cushion, bentonite waterproof floor, non-woven fabrics, concrete cover and concrete bearing platform from the bottom to top successively.
Isolated footing of the present invention waterproof construction, its bottom parts is interior with cushion cap intersecting ranges is identical from technology.Simply isolated footing scope adopts common waterproof coiled material technology, because isolated footing is load directly to be passed on to the earth, for this, when after basic stress, waterproof roll face produces compressive plane, estimating and will not produce the phenomenon such as seepage and channeling water, thus, this node occurs as soon as two kinds of different water proof structures of basement bottom board and geographical basis.So, in basement bottom board and upstream face intersection, isolated footing, isolated footing coiled material need to be adopted to embed in base plate bentonite impervious barrier > 200MM can achieve the goal, and its isolated footing waterproof slab structure includes base section waterproof construction and isolated footing district waterproof construction；
The layer of making of base section of the present invention waterproof construction is rammed earth layer, concrete cushion, bentonite waterproof layer, non-woven fabrics, concrete cover and underground structure bottom plate layer from the bottom to top successively；
The floor of making of isolated footing of the present invention district waterproof construction is rammed earth floor, concrete cushion, waterproof roll, concrete cover and concrete bearing platform successively；
Waterproof roll of the present invention is embedded in bentonite waterproof layer, at least embeds 200mm.
By underground wall body waterproofing work structural analysis, due to site operation many reasons, upstream face body of wall basic unit is extremely difficult to waterproof coiled material basic level requirement, coiled material and body of wall basic unit hollowing factor will certainly be produced, therefore causing channeling water phenomenon between coiled material and body of wall, especially basement reinforced concrete floor and body of wall junction, owing to being point two construction section constructions herein, for this, in junction, waterproof is extremely difficult to waterproof requirement.Again through structural concrete many-side crack factor, produce basement leaking phenomenon by distress in concrete.According to form constructed above and material technology analysis, its result is that waterproof coiled material technology is not suitable with this type of underground wall body structurally waterproof engineering.
The body of wall waterproof construction of the present invention includes section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure in body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall, it is possible to accomplish omnibearing solution the problems referred to above:
The outside of body of wall base angle of the present invention waterproof construction structure base slab layer located underground；Cushion block, the position of the bentonite waterproof layer under cushion block structure base slab layer located underground is placed at the outside spacers 300-800mm of underground structure bottom plate layer；Placing lintel on cushion block, build vertical brick wall on lintel, vertical brick wall is positioned at the bottom of steel concrete outer wall plate higher than underground engineering ground level；Building horizontal brick wall together outside vertical brick wall, vertical brick wall is 50～150mm with horizontal brick wall spacing, and horizontal brick wall is higher than vertical brick wall 50～150mm；Being covered with concrete cover on horizontal brick wall top, concrete cover extends to vertical brick wall side, and extended distance is as the criterion for being covered completely in gap big between twice brick wall；Being bentonite waterproof layer between vertical brick wall and horizontal brick wall, the bentonite protective layer of this bentonite waterproof layer and waterproof slab structure is communicated by the interval between cushion block；
In body of wall of the present invention, section waterproof structure is positioned at the top of body of wall base angle waterproof construction, and in body of wall, the layer of making of section waterproof structure is to be bentonite waterproof layer, benzene plate protective layer and back fill course in basement structure wall outer side successively outside interior；
Wall outer side waterproof slab structure of the present invention is arranged in the top of body of wall section waterproof structure, and the layer of making of wall outer side waterproof slab structure is bentonite waterproof layer, benzene plate protective layer successively outside interior；This bentonite waterproof layer to be thicker than the bentonite waterproof layer of section waterproof structure in lower wall body；It is aproll techonosphere in the outside of benzene plate protective layer, is aproll layer on the top of wall outer side waterproof slab structure and aproll techonosphere；
In body of wall base angle of the present invention waterproof construction, body of wall, the bentonite waterproof layer of section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure communicates.
Ceiling waterproof construction of the present invention is in body position, building according to basement and is divided into: the external ceiling waterproof construction of ceiling waterproof construction and building in building body.
The external ceiling waterproof construction in building of the present invention is made floor and is followed successively by from the bottom to top: bentonite waterproof floor, non-woven fabrics, concrete cover, back fill course and planting soil backfill floor；Outwards it is followed successively by by body of wall at the layer of making near building masonry wall side: bentonite waterproof layer, benzene plate protective layer；Take length 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer at benzene plate protective layer upper lateral, spread bentonite waterproof layer, non-woven fabrics, concrete cover and aproll layer on 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer top from the bottom to top successively.
Bentonite waterproof layer of the present invention adopts 200 order dry-laid bentonite waterproof layers, after bentonite waterproof layer meets water, inflatable more than 10-25 times, become permanent not aging plasticity mastic impervious barrier with this understanding voluntarily, reach permanent waterproof requirement, and can realize can self-healing effect less than 20mm crack.
Cushion block of the present invention is made up of granite, and length is 180mm, and width is 100mm, is highly 50mm.
Spacing between every two pieces of cushion blocks of the present invention is 300-800mm.
It is an advantage of the invention that it will be apparent that be mainly manifested in:
The technological invention of this underground project waterproof, is by more than 20 years experience gained of leak stopping, through checking, for many years so far without there being anti-revisionist phenomenon.It mainly adopts natural montmorillonite without caused by aging flexible material, it is according to material behavior (base bentonite of receiving is superior to calcio), bentonite takes technique in various degree in conjunction with underground engineering structure and structure, reach construction brief introduction, do not affected by environment and temperature, and have energy self-healing effect under the situation of change of slight crack in various factors structure, simultaneously, moment forever ensures underground waterproof layer whole structure, can thoroughly solve leakage of underground engineering problem.Meanwhile, maintenance after underground engineering is created favorable conditions.
The present invention has good water tight integrity: the present invention gives full play to the advantage of bentonite clay material, fully achieves waterproof layer globality, especially in accordance with the advantage that material adsorptivity is very strong, thoroughly solves various pile crown node waterproof leakage problems.This material belongs to flexible material, can reach to adjust effect voluntarily to structure micro-deformation.After water met by material, expanded by material itself, within the regular hour, form the very strong plasticity waterproof layer of globality.
The present invention has the longer waterproof life-span: because swelling soil series natural inorganic material, change even across some time or surrounding, without aging or corrosion phenomenon occurs, therefore more than the water resistance sustainable centuries.
The present invention facilitates later maintenance: architectural engineering is in use, it is not excluded for punching, reconstruction etc., owing to this waterproof technique is absent from channeling water hidden danger, it is clear that Reason Of Leakange and position are showed, additionally this material belongs to flexible material, estimate to new and old material in conjunction with less demanding, undoubtedly reach maintenance brief introduction purpose.
The easy construction duration of the present invention is short: compare with other waterproof materials, constructs relatively simple, it is not necessary to heating and stickup.Only by dry-laid, need not need to check especially after construction, if it find that waterproof defect is also easily keeped in repair, not climate and temperature impact.
The advantages such as the present invention has novel structure, easy construction, is easy to later maintenance, has good water resistance, the service life of overlength, material environment friendly, its high-volume puts goods on the market and will produce positive social benefit and significant economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention has 10 width accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the underground project waterproof structural representation of isolated footing and raft foundation；
The A portion that Fig. 2 is accompanying drawing 1 amplifies；
The B portion that Fig. 3 is accompanying drawing 1 amplifies；
Fig. 4 is the underground project waterproof structural representation of cushion cap foundation and raft foundation；
The C portion that Fig. 5 is accompanying drawing 4 amplifies；
The D portion that Fig. 6 is accompanying drawing 4 amplifies；
Fig. 7 is body of wall waterproof construction schematic diagram；
The E portion that Fig. 8 is accompanying drawing 7 amplifies；
The F portion that Fig. 9 is accompanying drawing 7 amplifies；
Figure 10 is ceiling waterproof construction schematic diagram.
In the drawings: 1, rammed earth layer 2, concrete cushion 3, bentonite waterproof layer 4, non-woven fabrics 5, concrete cover 6, underground structure bottom plate layer 7, concrete bearing platform 8, waterproof roll 9, vertical brick wall 10, cushion block 11, lintel 12, horizontal brick wall 13, concrete cover 14, back fill course 15, basement structure body of wall 16, benzene plate protective layer 17, aproll techonosphere 18, aproll layer
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention 1
As shown in drawings, the underground project waterproof structure of isolated footing and raft foundation includes isolated footing waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction to specific embodiments of the invention；
Isolated footing waterproof slab structure includes base section waterproof construction and isolated footing district waterproof construction；
The layer of making of base section waterproof construction is rammed earth layer 1, concrete cushion 2, bentonite waterproof layer 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5 and underground structure bottom plate layer 6 from the bottom to top successively；
The floor of making of isolated footing district waterproof construction is rammed earth floor 1, concrete cushion 2, waterproof roll 8, concrete cover 5 and concrete bearing platform 7 successively；
Waterproof roll 8 is embedded in bentonite waterproof layer 3, at least embeds 200mm.
Body of wall waterproof construction includes section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure in body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall；
The outside of body of wall base angle waterproof construction structure base slab layer 6 located underground；Cushion block 10, the position of the bentonite waterproof layer 3 under cushion block 10 structure base slab layer 6 located underground is placed in the outside of underground structure bottom plate layer 6；Placing lintel 11 on cushion block 10, build vertical brick wall 9 on lintel 11, vertical brick wall 9 is positioned at the bottom of steel concrete outer wall plate higher than underground engineering ground level；Building horizontal brick wall 12 together outside vertical brick wall 9, vertical brick wall 9 is 100mm with horizontal brick wall 12 spacing, and horizontal brick wall 12 is higher than vertical brick wall 9100mm；Being covered with concrete cover 13 on horizontal brick wall 12 top, concrete cover 13 extends to vertical brick wall 9 side, and extended distance is as the criterion for being covered completely in gap big between twice brick wall；Being bentonite waterproof layer 3 between vertical brick wall 9 and horizontal brick wall 12, the bentonite protective layer of this bentonite waterproof layer 3 and waterproof slab structure is communicated by the interval between cushion block 10；
In body of wall, section waterproof structure is positioned at the top of body of wall base angle waterproof construction, and in body of wall, the layer of making of section waterproof structure is to be bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16 and back fill course 14 successively outside interior outside basement structure body of wall 15；
Wall outer side waterproof slab structure is arranged in the top of body of wall section waterproof structure, and the layer of making of wall outer side waterproof slab structure is bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16 successively outside interior；This bentonite waterproof layer 3 to be thicker than the bentonite waterproof layer 3 of section waterproof structure in lower wall body；It is aproll techonosphere 17 in the outside of benzene plate protective layer, is aproll layer 18 on the top of wall outer side waterproof slab structure and aproll techonosphere 17；
In body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall, the bentonite waterproof layer 3 of section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure communicates.
Ceiling waterproof construction is in body position, building according to basement and is divided into: the external ceiling waterproof construction of ceiling waterproof construction and building in building body.
The external ceiling waterproof construction in building is made floor and is followed successively by from the bottom to top: bentonite waterproof floor 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5, back fill course 14 and planting soil backfill floor；Outwards it is followed successively by by body of wall at the layer of making near building masonry wall side: bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16；Take length 60mm benzene plate protective layer 16 at benzene plate protective layer 16 upper lateral, spread bentonite waterproof layer 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5 and aproll layer 18 on 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer 16 top from the bottom to top successively.
Bentonite waterproof layer 3 adopts 200 order dry-laid bentonite waterproof layers, after bentonite waterproof layer 4 meets water, inflatable more than 10-25 times, become permanent not aging plasticity mastic impervious barrier with this understanding voluntarily, reach permanent waterproof requirement, and can realize can self-healing effect less than 20mm crack.
Cushion block 10 is made up of granite, and length is 180mm, and width is 100mm, is highly 50mm.
Spacing between every two pieces of cushion blocks 10 is 600mm.
Detailed description of the invention 2
As shown in drawings, the underground project waterproof structure of cushion cap foundation and raft foundation includes cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction to specific embodiments of the invention.
Cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structure includes base section waterproof construction and cushion cap district waterproof construction；
The layer of making of base section waterproof construction is rammed earth layer 1, concrete cushion 2, bentonite waterproof layer 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5 and underground structure bottom plate layer 6 from the bottom to top successively；
The floor of making of cushion cap district waterproof construction is rammed earth floor 1, concrete cushion 2, bentonite waterproof floor 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5 and concrete bearing platform 7 from the bottom to top successively.
Body of wall waterproof construction includes section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure in body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall；
The outside of body of wall base angle waterproof construction structure base slab layer 6 located underground；Cushion block 10, the position of the bentonite waterproof layer 3 under cushion block 10 structure base slab layer 6 located underground is placed in the outside of underground structure bottom plate layer 6；Placing lintel 11 on cushion block 10, build vertical brick wall 9 on lintel 11, vertical brick wall 9 is positioned at the bottom of steel concrete outer wall plate higher than underground engineering ground level；Building horizontal brick wall 12 together outside vertical brick wall 9, vertical brick wall 9 is 100mm with horizontal brick wall 12 spacing, and horizontal brick wall 12 is higher than vertical brick wall 9100mm；Being covered with concrete cover 13 on horizontal brick wall 12 top, concrete cover 13 extends to vertical brick wall 9 side, and extended distance is as the criterion for being covered completely in gap big between twice brick wall；Being bentonite waterproof layer 3 between vertical brick wall 9 and horizontal brick wall 12, the bentonite protective layer of this bentonite waterproof layer 3 and waterproof slab structure is communicated by the interval between cushion block 10；
In body of wall, section waterproof structure is positioned at the top of body of wall base angle waterproof construction, and in body of wall, the layer of making of section waterproof structure is to be bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16 and back fill course 14 successively outside interior outside basement structure body of wall 15；
Wall outer side waterproof slab structure is arranged in the top of body of wall section waterproof structure, and the layer of making of wall outer side waterproof slab structure is bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16 successively outside interior；This bentonite waterproof layer 3 to be thicker than the bentonite waterproof layer 3 of section waterproof structure in lower wall body；It is aproll techonosphere 17 in the outside of benzene plate protective layer, is aproll layer 18 on the top of wall outer side waterproof slab structure and aproll techonosphere 17；
In body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall, the bentonite waterproof layer 3 of section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure communicates.
Ceiling waterproof construction is in body position, building according to basement and is divided into: the external ceiling waterproof construction of ceiling waterproof construction and building in building body.
The external ceiling waterproof construction in building is made floor and is followed successively by from the bottom to top: bentonite waterproof floor 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5, back fill course 14 and planting soil backfill floor；Outwards it is followed successively by by body of wall at the layer of making near building masonry wall side: bentonite waterproof layer 3, benzene plate protective layer 16；Take length 60mm benzene plate protective layer 16 at benzene plate protective layer 16 upper lateral, spread bentonite waterproof layer 3, non-woven fabrics 4, concrete cover 5 and aproll layer 18 on 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer 16 top from the bottom to top successively.
Bentonite waterproof layer 3 adopts 200 order dry-laid bentonite waterproof layers, after bentonite waterproof layer 4 meets water, inflatable more than 10-25 times, become permanent not aging plasticity mastic impervious barrier with this understanding voluntarily, reach permanent waterproof requirement, and can realize can self-healing effect less than 20mm crack.
Cushion block 10 is made up of granite, and length is 180mm, and width is 100mm, is highly 50mm.
Spacing between every two pieces of cushion blocks 10 is 600mm.
The above; it is only the preferably detailed description of the invention of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; all those familiar with the art, in technical scope disclosed by the invention, are equal to replacement according to the design of technical scheme and the present invention thereof or change all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a underground project waterproof structure, including waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction, ceiling waterproof construction；
It is characterized in that: described underground project waterproof structure is divided into the underground project waterproof structure of the isolated footing underground project waterproof structure with raft foundation and cushion cap foundation and raft foundation:
The underground project waterproof structure of described isolated footing and raft foundation includes isolated footing waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction；
The underground project waterproof structure of described cushion cap foundation and raft foundation includes cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structure, body of wall waterproof construction and ceiling waterproof construction.
2. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described isolated footing waterproof slab structure includes base section waterproof construction and isolated footing district waterproof construction；
The layer of making of described base section waterproof construction is rammed earth layer (1), concrete cushion (2), bentonite waterproof layer (3), non-woven fabrics (4), concrete cover (5) and underground structure bottom plate layer (6) from the bottom to top successively；
The floor of making of described isolated footing district waterproof construction is rammed earth floor (1), concrete cushion (2), waterproof roll (8), concrete cover (5) and concrete bearing platform (7) successively；
Described waterproof roll (8) is embedded in bentonite waterproof layer (3), at least embeds 200mm.
3. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cushion cap foundation waterproof slab structure includes base section waterproof construction and cushion cap district waterproof construction；
The layer of making of described base section waterproof construction is rammed earth layer (1), concrete cushion (2), bentonite waterproof layer (3), non-woven fabrics (4), concrete cover (5) and underground structure bottom plate layer (6) from the bottom to top successively；
The floor of making of described cushion cap district waterproof construction is rammed earth floor (1), concrete cushion (2), bentonite waterproof floor (3), non-woven fabrics (4), concrete cover (5) and concrete bearing platform (7) from the bottom to top successively.
4. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described body of wall waterproof construction includes section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure in body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall；
The outside of described body of wall base angle waterproof construction structure base slab layer (6) located underground；Some placement cushion blocks (10) in the outside of underground structure bottom plate layer (6), the position of the bentonite waterproof layer (3) under cushion block (10) structure base slab layer (6) located underground；Cushion block (10) is placed lintel (11), in lintel (11)
Upper block founds brick wall (9), and vertical brick wall (9) is positioned at the bottom of steel concrete outer wall plate higher than underground engineering ground level；Build horizontal brick wall (12) together in vertical brick wall (9) outside, vertical brick wall (9) is 50～150mm with horizontal brick wall (12) spacing, and horizontal brick wall (12) is higher than vertical brick wall (9) 50～150mm；Be covered with concrete cover (13) on horizontal brick wall (12) top, concrete cover (13) extends to vertical brick wall (9) side, and extended distance is as the criterion for being covered completely in gap big between twice brick wall；Being bentonite waterproof layer (3) between vertical brick wall (9) and horizontal brick wall (12), the bentonite protective layer of this bentonite waterproof layer (3) and waterproof slab structure is communicated by the interval between cushion block (10)；
In described body of wall, section waterproof structure is positioned at the top of body of wall base angle waterproof construction, in body of wall section waterproof structure make layer be basement structure body of wall (15) outside be bentonite waterproof layer (3), benzene plate protective layer (16) and back fill course (14) successively outside interior；
Described wall outer side waterproof slab structure is arranged in the top of body of wall section waterproof structure, and the layer of making of wall outer side waterproof slab structure is bentonite waterproof layer (3), benzene plate protective layer (16) successively outside interior；This bentonite waterproof layer (3) to be thicker than the bentonite waterproof layer (3) of section waterproof structure in lower wall body；It is aproll techonosphere (17) in the outside of benzene plate protective layer, is aproll layer (18) on the top of wall outer side waterproof slab structure and aproll techonosphere (17)；
In described body of wall base angle waterproof construction, body of wall, the bentonite waterproof layer (3) of section waterproof structure and wall outer side waterproof slab structure communicates.
5. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceiling waterproof construction is in body position, building according to basement and is divided into: the external ceiling waterproof construction of ceiling waterproof construction and building in building body.
6. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the external ceiling waterproof construction in described building is made floor and is followed successively by from the bottom to top: bentonite waterproof floor (3), non-woven fabrics (4), concrete cover (5), back fill course (14) and planting soil backfill floor；Outwards it is followed successively by by body of wall at the layer of making near building masonry wall side: bentonite waterproof layer (3), benzene plate protective layer (16)；Take length 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer (16) at benzene plate protective layer (16) upper lateral, spread bentonite waterproof layer (3), non-woven fabrics (4), concrete cover (5) and aproll layer (18) on 30～80mm benzene plate protective layer (16) top from the bottom to top successively.
7. the underground project waterproof structure according to claim 2,3,4 or 6, it is characterized in that described bentonite waterproof layer (3) adopts 200 order dry-laid bentonite waterproof layers, after bentonite waterproof layer (4) meets water, inflatable more than 10-25 times, become permanent not aging plasticity mastic impervious barrier with this understanding voluntarily, reach permanent waterproof requirement, and can realize can self-healing effect less than 20mm crack.
8. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described cushion block (10) is made up of granite, and length is 180mm, and width is 100mm, is highly 50mm.
9. underground project waterproof structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the spacing between every two pieces of cushion blocks (10) is 300-800mm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610136273.8A CN105804122B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Underground project waterproof structure |
| PCT/CN2016/108622 WO2017152674A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-12-06 | Underground engineering waterproofing structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610136273.8A CN105804122B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Underground project waterproof structure |
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| CN105804122A true CN105804122A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105804122B CN105804122B (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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| CN201610136273.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105804122B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Underground project waterproof structure |
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| WO (1) | WO2017152674A1 (en) |
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| WO2017152674A1 (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | 何发林 | Underground engineering waterproofing structure |
| CN107387112A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-24 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Urban transportation culvert or tunnel gateway anti-flooding masking device and method |
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| CN109594576A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-09 | 仇国辉 | The simple assembly construction technology of multilayer assembled architecture isolated footing standardization |
| CN110528926A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-03 | 上海市地下空间设计研究总院有限公司 | A kind of lakebed people's air defense garage |
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| CN109594576A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-09 | 仇国辉 | The simple assembly construction technology of multilayer assembled architecture isolated footing standardization |
| CN110528926A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-03 | 上海市地下空间设计研究总院有限公司 | A kind of lakebed people's air defense garage |
| CN114411941A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-29 | 山东金城建设有限公司 | Construction method for preventing underground garage from water bottom plate leakage |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017152674A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
| CN105804122B (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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