CN101215127B - Rigid and flexible water-proof sealing material for underground engineering and application thereof - Google Patents
Rigid and flexible water-proof sealing material for underground engineering and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101215127B CN101215127B CN2008100544170A CN200810054417A CN101215127B CN 101215127 B CN101215127 B CN 101215127B CN 2008100544170 A CN2008100544170 A CN 2008100544170A CN 200810054417 A CN200810054417 A CN 200810054417A CN 101215127 B CN101215127 B CN 101215127B
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Abstract
A hard and soft water-proof closed material used in underground engineering and the utilization thereof belongs to the field of engineering, building and novel material, which is characterized in that the hard and soft water-proof closed material is composed of soft rock with plastoelastic deformation or glassivation micro-bead swelling material, strong swelling rock, cement and slow-swelling, enhancing and hardening agent. The components of the material self has the functions of swelling, absorbing, storing energy, slow-swelling, strengthening strength and hardness and self-isolating water of components reaction; the price is low, the cost is only 60% of the present inorganic hard material, 40% of the organic material; the construction is convenient, which can be used in whole project, single project or compensation of single maintenance project and the like; the scope of application is wide, which can be used in a plurality of fields, such as various underground buildings, structures, municipal utilities, underground production empirical places, construction and production of mine, underground transport operation, disposal and modification of land surface foundation works, waste water disposal and environment modification and disposal and modification of saline-alkali land and the like.
Description
Technical field
Underground works of the present invention belongs to building, building and field of new with rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material and application, particularly, is the technical scheme of a kind of underground works with airtight novel material of rigid flexible waterproof and application.
Background technology
19th-century is the century of bridge, and this century, greatest achievement was the brilliant achievement of bridge construction; Twentieth century is high-rise century, and this century, greatest achievement was universal and development high-rise and high-rise building.Along with popularizing and the expansion of city size of high level, the contradiction that the soil deficiency is brought will be more outstanding, to develop to underground that to want the space to want resource will be the strategic objective of 21st century various countries' urban construction and development, the exploitation of all kinds of underground workss and resource has become the most positive active developing industry of each developed country, and drives the development of a series of industries in succession.
Be used to all kinds of engineerings of excavating, build, producing and managing under the underground works general reference face of land, be divided into by purposes: mine tunnel engineering, Underground Transportation Engineering, underground storage engineering, water conservancy project subterranean tunnel cavern, underground factory, underground civilian and public building, public and service underground works, underground military affairs and protection works etc., these underground workss will be subjected to water damage, obnoxious flavour, country rock usually and enclose the collapse influence of the various disasters such as mishap that produced of native inbreak.Water damage general reference surface water, underground water, production and domestic water, capillary water, hydrogeology changes the water damage that produces.The water of waterproof general reference underground space outside enters the underground space, or the water of the underground space enters country rock and encloses peripheral engineering-environments such as soil.Underground works is except waterproof, the stopping property that keeps the underground space, the live gas that prevents the underground space enters country rock and encloses outside atmospheres such as soil along leaking hole, or the toxic and harmful that country rock encloses soil enters the underground space by leaking hole, as: length often occurs air leakage phenomena apart from traffic tunnel, mine working, people's air defense tunnel, underground space cavern etc. in the ventilation and the production and operation, not only reduced drafting efficiency, and can cause that many disasters take place.Leaking out pollutes the environment, and can make the spontaneous combustion blast and the additional disasters of generation complex reaction appearance of leaking such as inflammable substance coal dust, gas; Leak out and make earthquake, war harm enter civil air defense works, toxic and harmful CH
4, CO
2, CO, H
2S etc. enter the underground space, and produce leak paths, work the mischief to the personnel health.In mine laneway, leak to air leakage in roadway for preventing coal-face, old exploiting field, multiple tracks fire dam and weighting material engineering need be set, the underground spaces such as tunnel are the intrusion of anti-obnoxious flavour, invade the area at obnoxious flavour usually airtight engineering etc. is set.
At present, it is main that the water-proof material that is used for underground works has rigidity water-proofing material and flexible waterproof material, also has other composite water-proof material.Rigidity water-proofing material is that the water-proof concrete material of employing compensate for shrinkage is a base material, by improving the concrete particle grating and mixing chemical admixture etc., to improve hydrophobic nature, density and the impermeability of concrete itself, simultaneously can also reduce concrete contraction and fissured generation, thereby reach the dual purpose of structure and waterproof.Generally be mixed with waterproof mortar during use and be coated with the country rock of touching in the underground space and enclose positions such as native surface, stressed wall, structure and movement joint, play waterproof action.Engineering and practice show that many rigidity water-proofing materials in use can be subjected to mechanical functions such as stretching, distortion, shearing along with the distortion and the dilatation of underground ground body, and occur peeling off, ftracture, phenomenon such as destruction, and lose its waterproof action; Coiled material, coating that flexible waterproof material makes with materials such as macromolecular material, high-polymer modified pitch, synthetic macromolecules, advantage is that tensile strength is big, elongation is big, quality is little, easy construction, but operational requirement strictness, puncture and aging are poor.Engineering and practice show, when distortion that is subjected to the ground body and dilatation, cracking, breakoff phenomenon can occur, and lose its waterproof action; Though the composite water-proof material has the advantage of hard and soft water-proof material, be difficult to resist the distortion and the dilatation of ground and structure, and lose its waterproof action; Rigidity and flexible waterproof material do not have the airtight effect of the leakage that stops obnoxious flavour intrusion and fresh air because performance is comparatively single.The underground works space structure is embedded in the ground body, the ground country rock encloses mount round underground structure and space, be subjected to multifactorial influences such as underground works complex geological condition, envrionment conditions and excavation response, be difficult to accurately determine the constitutive relation of ground and underground structure, make the Coupling Design of underground works and matching operation technology be difficult to realize.So, seek the water-proof sealing material that is fit to complicated mechanical mechanism of underground works and deformation mechanism and be significant.
Summary of the invention
Underground works of the present invention rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material and application, purpose is to solve insoluble problem in the above-mentioned prior art, thereby discloses the technical scheme of a kind of underground works with rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material and application.
Underground works of the present invention rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material; it is characterized in that be a kind of by have the spongiosa rock that plays flow shape feature or glass bead extruded prod, strong dilatancy rock, the gentle swollen enhancing of cement increases the water-proof sealing material that has hard and soft feature concurrently that firm agent is formed, it consists of:
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that the spongiosa rock forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 0.5mm, content accounts for 20～30% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
Contain superfine clay mineral particle and be rich in one or more swelling property mineral in montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite and the cohesive soil, its degree of free swelling＞1, described these swelling property mineral are made of two kinds of wafers, a kind of is the silica wafer, another kind is an aluminium hydrogen-oxygen wafer, and silica wafer and aluminium hydrogen-oxygen wafer have constituted two stratotype lattices and two types of lattices of three stratotype lattices; Montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite and cohesive soil all are to form for the Van der Waals force key that has only Sauerstoffatom between structure cell, and its bonding force is very weak, and reactivity is very big, and water molecules very easily enters, and can change the swelling property mineral of the complete dispersal unit structure cell of distance between the structure cell; After described these swelling property mineral dryings, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 30～40% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
It is divalence, trivalent and high valence ion compound FeCl that the slow swollen enhancing of playing the effect of control speed of expansion and strongthener intensity, rigidity increases firm agent
3, CaCl
2Or MgCl
2Compound, it is fine powder that slow swollen enhancing increases firm agent, adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 0.5mm, volume content accounts for 3～5% of total component volume.
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of rigidity effect of gaining in strength, its content is the residue content of removing after the above component.
The application of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material of above-mentioned underground works, it is characterized in that: the tunnel, the tunnel, the application of the water-proof sealing of tunnel or underground space cavern as shown in Figure 1, application method: carry out first support with the anchor pole material behind the tunnel excavation, then water-proof sealing material is made the concrete wet pulp along being sprayed onto tunnel surface all around, fill or lay, jetting thickness 20～50mm, form the airtight ring layer of tunnel water proofing, see Fig. 1 followed by the construction tunnel liner, after the tunnel liner sets up, the finite space of water-proof sealing material between tunnel ground wall and tunnel liner expands gradually and enriches its space, reaches the water-proof sealing effect.
The application of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material of above-mentioned underground works, it is characterized in that: the novel airtight application of arranging, the wall crazing air leakage phenomena that leaks air during depleted tunnel, tunnel, leakage part, civil air defense constructions and installations pre-leakage-preventing or ground body deformability, after adopting underground works with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, twice brick or concrete wall are set to be formed airtight, when material suction or water spray after closely contact with ground on every side, and can see Fig. 2 along with the distortion generation plastoelastic deformation of rock mass.
The application of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material of above-mentioned underground works, it is characterized in that the anti-high hydraulic pressure application of airtight waterproof material slip casting, underground works is mixed with water with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, by the dew that oozes under the anti-high pressure water effect of grouting equipment slip casting realization, after the slip casting, slurry is penetrated in the slit hole of ground body or other materials structure, and the elastoplasticity expansion takes place to continue, form compact structure with country rock soil, reach anti-High-Pressure Water and airtight effect.
Above-mentioned underground works is characterized in that dried composition material application with the application of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material
Underground works can be filled hole, place, crack with the dried component of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, utilizes moisture absorption, water-swelling characteristics, carries out mine goaf filling, ground displacement, improvement, rising, repairing, a plurality of fields of waste water control.
Underground works of the present invention is with rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material and preparation method's major advantage and application prospect:
1) waterproof and airtight advanced technology.According to the constitutive relation theoretical investigation exploitation of underground works, material component self has expansion, absorption, stored energy, slow expansion, strengthens intensity, rigidity and component reaction from impermeable role;
2) have rigidity and flexible water advantage, adaptability is strong.Adapt to underground works geology, environment, texturizing condition complicated and changeable, remedied monistic deficiency;
3) adapt to the whole process water-proof sealing.Be adapted to that underground engineering construction begins, the application in production process and the operation process, the repeatedly destruction maintenance phenomenon of avoiding other materials to take place;
4) filled up that underground space inorganic materials such as mine are airtightly leaked out, the blank of gas leakage and obnoxious flavour;
5) remarkably productive in the anti-High-Pressure Water of slip casting;
6) cheap.Cost only is 60% of a present inorganic rigid material, 40% of organic materials;
7) easy construction is adapted to remedying of whole engineering, single engineering or indivedual maintenance engineerings etc. and locates;
8) subject range is extensive, uses a plurality of fields.All kinds of underground structures, structures, urban operating mechanism; Underground knowhow place; Mine construction, production, the underground traffic operation; The reason improvement of engineering department, basis, ground; Waste water control and improving of environment; Engineerings such as alkaline land improving processing.
Description of drawings
The airtight figure of Fig. 1-tunnel water proofing
The airtight ring layer 4-bolt supporting of inner lining structure 2-tunnel, 1-tunnel crag skeletal lines 3-tunnel water proofing
Fig. 2-novel airtight the application of arranging
5-fire dam A 8-fire dam B 6-airtight waterproof material 7-top board 9-base plate
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that the spongiosa rock forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, content accounts for 20% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
After montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite and the cohesive soil drying, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 30% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
Trivalent and high valence ion compound FeCl
3Compound adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, and volume content accounts for 3% of total component volume.
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of the rigidity effect of gaining in strength, content is 47%.
Carry out first support with the anchor pole material behind the tunnel excavation, then water-proof sealing material is made the concrete wet pulp along being sprayed onto tunnel surface all around, jetting thickness 20mm, form the airtight ring layer of tunnel water proofing, see Fig. 1 followed by the construction tunnel liner, after the tunnel liner set up, the finite space of water-proof sealing material between tunnel ground wall and tunnel liner expanded gradually and enriches its space, reaches the water-proof sealing effect.
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that the spongiosa rock forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, content accounts for 30% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
After montmorillonite and the illite drying, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 40% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
Trivalent and high valence ion compound FeCl
3Compound adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, and volume content accounts for 5% of total component volume.
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of the rigidity effect of gaining in strength, content is 25%.
Above-mentioned underground works is applied to novel airtight facility with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, the wall crazing air leakage phenomena that leaks air during depleted tunnel, tunnel, leakage part, civil air defense constructions and installations pre-leakage-preventing or ground body deformability, after adopting underground works with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, twice brick or concrete wall are set to be formed airtight, when material suction or water spray after closely contact with ground on every side, and can see Fig. 2 along with the distortion generation plastoelastic deformation of rock mass.
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that the spongiosa rock forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, content accounts for 25% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
After the illite drying, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 35% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
Trivalent and high valence ion compound FeCl
3Compound adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, and volume content accounts for 4% of total component volume.
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of the rigidity effect of gaining in strength, content is 36%.
Above-mentioned underground works is applied to the anti-high hydraulic pressure of airtight waterproof material slip casting with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material and uses, underground works is mixed with water with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, by the dew that oozes under the anti-high pressure water effect of grouting equipment slip casting realization, after the slip casting, slurry is penetrated in the slit hole of ground body or other materials structure, and the elastoplasticity expansion takes place to continue, and form compact structure with country rock soil, reach anti-High-Pressure Water and airtight effect.
Embodiment 4
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that the spongiosa rock forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, content accounts for 28% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
After the montmorillonite drying, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 32% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
Trivalent and high valence ion compound FeCl
3Compound adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter 0.4mm, and volume content accounts for 4% of total component volume.
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of the rigidity effect of gaining in strength, content is 36%.
Above-mentioned underground works is used with the dried composition material of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, underground works is filled hole, place, crack with the dried component of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, utilize moisture absorption, water-swelling characteristics, carry out mine goaf filling, ground displacement, improvement, rising, repairing, a plurality of fields of waste water control.
Claims (5)
1. underground works rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, it is characterized in that it being a kind ofly to increase the water-proof sealing material that has hard and soft feature concurrently that firm agent is formed by having the gentle swollen enhancing of Pitchstone expanded product, strong dilatancy rock, cement that plays flow shape feature, it consists of:
The I extruded prod
By the extruded prod that pitchstone forms after High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus is fired, extruded prod is pulverized, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 0.5mm, content accounts for 20～30% of total component volume;
The strong swelling rock of II
Contain superfine clay mineral particle and be rich in one or more swelling property mineral in montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite and the cohesive soil, its degree of free swelling＞1, described these swelling property mineral are made of two kinds of wafers, a kind of is the silica wafer, another kind is an aluminium hydrogen-oxygen wafer, and silica wafer and aluminium hydrogen-oxygen wafer have constituted two stratotype lattices and two types of lattices of three stratotype lattices; Montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite and cohesive soil all are to form for the Van der Waals force key that has only Sauerstoffatom between structure cell, and its bonding force is very weak, and reactivity is very big, and water molecules very easily enters, and can change the swelling property mineral of the complete dispersal unit structure cell of distance between the structure cell; After described these swelling property mineral dryings, adopt method of sieving, sieve into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 1.0mm, content accounts for 30～40% of total component volume;
III is slow, and swollen enhancing increases firm agent:
It is FeCl that the slow swollen enhancing of playing control speed of expansion and strongthener intensity, rigidity effect increases firm agent
3, CaCl
2Or MgCl
2Compound, it is fine powder that slow swollen enhancing increases firm agent, adopts method of sieving, sieves into the fine particle of particle diameter less than 0.5mm, volume content accounts for 3～5% of total component volume;
IV cement:
Play condensation cure and the cement of rigidity effect of gaining in strength, its content is the residue content of removing after the above component.
2. the described underground works of claim 1 application of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, it is characterized in that: the tunnel, the tunnel, the application of the water-proof sealing of tunnel or underground space cavern, application method: carry out first support with the anchor pole material behind the tunnel excavation, then water-proof sealing material is made the concrete wet pulp along being sprayed onto tunnel surface all around, fill or lay, jetting thickness 20～50mm, form the airtight ring layer of tunnel water proofing, followed by the construction tunnel liner, after the tunnel liner sets up, the finite space of water-proof sealing material between tunnel ground wall and tunnel liner expands gradually and enriches its space, reaches the water-proof sealing effect.
3. according to of the application of the described underground works of claim 2 with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, it is characterized in that, the wall crazing air leakage phenomena that leaks air when being applied to depleted tunnel, tunnel, leakage part, the pre-anti-leak of civil air defense constructions and installations or ground body deformability, after adopting underground works with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, twice brick or concrete wall are set to be formed airtight, when material suction or water spray after closely contact with ground on every side, and along with the distortion generation plastoelastic deformation of rock mass.
4. according to of the application of the described underground works of claim 2 with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, it is characterized in that described underground works usefulness rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material mixes with water, by the dew that oozes under the anti-high pressure water effect of grouting equipment slip casting realization, after the slip casting, slurry is penetrated in the slit hole of ground body or other materials structure, and the elastoplasticity expansion takes place to continue, and form compact structure with country rock, reach anti-High-Pressure Water and airtight effect.
5. according to of the application of the described underground works of claim 2 with the rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, it is characterized in that described underground works can fill hole, crack place with the dried component of the dried composition material of rigid flexible waterproof enclosed material, utilize moisture absorption, water-swelling characteristics, be used for mine goaf filling, ground displacement, improvement, rising, repairing and a plurality of fields of waste water control.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100544170A CN101215127B (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2008-01-08 | Rigid and flexible water-proof sealing material for underground engineering and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100544170A CN101215127B (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2008-01-08 | Rigid and flexible water-proof sealing material for underground engineering and application thereof |
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| CN101215127A CN101215127A (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| CN101215127B true CN101215127B (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103398932B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2016-08-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Roadway low-intensity heat-barrier material permeability performance method for rapidly testing and device |
| WO2015091759A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-25 | Pusch Roland | A method for producing wet clay using divided clay and dry water |
| CN106915924B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳军龙新材料研究开发实业有限公司 | A kind of intelligent breathing water-repellent paint and preparation method |
| CN106988769B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2023-06-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Deep high-ground-temperature roadway heat insulation lining structure and construction method thereof |
| CN107603401A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽喜宝高分子材料有限公司 | A kind of strong interiro wall latex paint of abrasion resistance |
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| CN1107497A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-08-30 | 张振英 | Water-proof and heat-insulation paint for light roof and its production method and construction technique |
| CN1157275A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-20 | 黑龙江省第一建筑工程公司第九分公司 | Water-repellent expanded pearlite insulating layer product and its making technology |
| CN1313260A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2001-09-19 | 童忠良 | Energy-saving, imperious, water-proof and insulating mortar for building |
| CN1544556A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 厦门大学 | Tunnel fireproof paint and its manufacturing technology |
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2008
- 2008-01-08 CN CN2008100544170A patent/CN101215127B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107497A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-08-30 | 张振英 | Water-proof and heat-insulation paint for light roof and its production method and construction technique |
| CN1157275A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-20 | 黑龙江省第一建筑工程公司第九分公司 | Water-repellent expanded pearlite insulating layer product and its making technology |
| CN1313260A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2001-09-19 | 童忠良 | Energy-saving, imperious, water-proof and insulating mortar for building |
| CN1544556A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | 厦门大学 | Tunnel fireproof paint and its manufacturing technology |
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