CN112300560A - 一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体是涉及到一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法,包括如下组分原料,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化高镍、纳米有机蒙脱土,上述组分原料的重量配比为(20‑30):(3‑8):(2‑3):(0.1‑1):(1‑2):(2‑3),本发明的LOI值达到32.2%以上,具有非常好的阻燃效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体是涉及到一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法。
背景技术
膨胀型阻燃剂(Intumescent Flame Retardant,IFR)以磷、氮为主要阻燃成分,是一种集炭源、酸源和气源为一体的新型环保阻燃剂。该类阻燃剂在受热时,可发生分子内的磷-氮协同阻燃效应,在高聚物表面形成均匀、致密的炭质泡沫层,具有隔热、隔氧、抑烟、防滴落等作用,且生成的不燃气体可稀释聚合物燃烧时释放的可燃性气体,是具有优异阻燃效果的新型阻燃剂。符合阻燃剂无卤、低烟、低毒、无腐蚀性气体产生的发展趋势,已经成为国内外最为活跃的阻燃剂研究领域之一。
水基聚氨酯以水为分散介质,具有无毒、环保、节能、机械性能优良、易于改性等优点,已广泛应用于皮革涂饰、合成革制造、织物涂层、建筑保温材料、造纸和胶粘剂等行业,但水基聚氨酯胶膜和所涉及基材均属易燃材料,因而水基聚氨酯阻燃已成为水性聚氨酯材料发展前进亟待解决的问题。目前,水基聚氨酯材料的阻燃主要通过物理添加阻燃剂来实现,但外添加型存在添加量大、共混相容性差、易迁移析出,且对材料的物理机械性能有较大影响的负面影响。因而,反应型阻燃剂的研发与应用是阻燃水基聚氨酯的发展趋势。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法,LOI值达到32.2%以上,具有非常好的阻燃效果。
本发明的内容为一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,包括如下组分原料,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化高镍、纳米有机蒙脱土,上述组分原料的重量配比为(20-30):(3-8):(2-3):(0.1-1):(1-2):(2-3)。
优选的,包括如下组分原料,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化高镍、纳米有机蒙脱土,上述组分原料的重量配比为25:5:2.3:0.5:1.2:2.5。
所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
所述膨胀型阻燃剂为烷基磷酸酯,磷含量19-23%。具体购买自江门市高端化工科技有限公司的NP-430产品。
本发明提供一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,将干燥后的热塑性聚氨酯、硅烷偶联剂和二月桂酸二丁基锡搅拌,混合,加入干燥后的膨胀型阻燃剂、氧化高镍和纳米有机蒙脱土,混合,在140-150℃挤出,冷却,切粒,干燥,注塑,得到膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯。
热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂的干燥方法为,在100-110℃条件下干燥3-4h。
热塑性聚氨酯、硅烷偶联剂和二月桂酸二丁基锡搅拌的速度为1500-1600r/min,时间为5-10min。
挤出所使用的设备为双螺杆挤出机,螺杆转速为40-45r/min。
干燥的温度为70-80℃,时间为2-3h。
注塑的温度为190-200℃,压力为55-60MPa。
本发明的有益效果为,本发明在热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)和膨胀型阻燃剂的基础上,加入氧化高镍和OMMT(纳米有机蒙脱土),尤其是加入硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷)和DBTDL(二月桂酸二丁基锡),有效的提高了热塑性聚氨酯的阻燃效果,使得热塑性聚氨酯的LOI值达到32.2%以上。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)和膨胀型阻燃剂(主要成分为烷基磷酸酯,磷含量19-23%)置于干燥箱中,在100-110℃下干燥3-4h。先将TPU和硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷)还有DBTDL(二月桂酸二丁基锡)加入高速搅拌机混合5-10min,转速为1500-1600r/min,然后按比例将膨胀型阻燃剂、Ni2O3和OMMT(纳米有机蒙脱土)加入混合2-5min,将混合物经双螺杆挤出机在140-150℃挤出、过水冷却和切粒,螺杆转速为40-45r/min。将挤出粒料在70-80℃真空干燥箱中干燥2-3h,用注塑机在注塑温度为190-200℃、注塑压力为55-60Mpa下注塑成标准样条,制得膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,LOI值为32.2%。
配方(单位kg):TPU:膨胀型阻燃剂:硅烷偶联剂:DBTDL:Ni2O3:OMM=25:5:2.3:0.5:1.2:2.5。
对比例1
对比例1和实施例1的区别在于,不加入Ni2O3,即高速搅拌机混合5-10min,转速为1500-1600r/min,然后按比例将膨胀型阻燃剂和OMMT(纳米有机蒙脱土)加入混合2-5min。其他和实施例1相同,LOI值为17%。
对比例2
对比例2和实施例1的区别在于,直接将TPU和硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷)还有DBTDL(二月桂酸二丁基锡)、膨胀型阻燃剂、Ni2O3和OMMT(纳米有机蒙脱土)混合2-5min,其他和实施例1相同,LOI值为16%。
Claims (10)
1.一种膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,其特征是,包括如下组分原料,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化高镍、纳米有机蒙脱土,上述组分原料的重量配比为(20-30):(3-8):(2-3):(0.1-1):(1-2):(2-3)。
2.如权利要求1所述的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,其特征是,包括如下组分原料,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂、二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化高镍、纳米有机蒙脱土,上述组分原料的重量配比为25:5:2.3:0.5:1.2:2.5。
3.如权利要求1所述的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,其特征是,所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
4.如权利要求1所述的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯,其特征是,所述膨胀型阻燃剂为烷基磷酸酯,磷含量19-23%。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一项所述的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,将干燥后的热塑性聚氨酯、硅烷偶联剂和二月桂酸二丁基锡搅拌,混合,加入干燥后的膨胀型阻燃剂、氧化高镍和纳米有机蒙脱土,混合,在140-150℃挤出,冷却,切粒,干燥,注塑,得到膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯。
6.如权利要求5的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,热塑性聚氨酯、膨胀型阻燃剂的干燥方法为,在100-110℃条件下干燥3-4h。
7.如权利要求5的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,热塑性聚氨酯、硅烷偶联剂和二月桂酸二丁基锡搅拌的速度为1500-1600r/min,时间为5-10min。
8.如权利要求5的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,挤出所使用的设备为双螺杆挤出机,螺杆转速为40-45r/min。
9.如权利要求5的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,切粒后,干燥的温度为70-80℃,时间为2-3h。
10.如权利要求5-9任一项的膨胀型阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的制备方法,其特征是,注塑的温度为190-200℃,压力为55-60MPa。
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