CN112297176A

CN112297176A - Ceramic 3D printer and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112297176A
Application number: CN202011133746.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 樊一扬; 张硕; 段戈扬; 李丹
Original assignee: Kangshuo Electric Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Kangshuo Electric Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The application relates to a ceramic 3D printer and a control method thereof, wherein the 3D printer comprises a machine body, a mobile positioning device arranged on the machine body and a discharging nozzle arranged on the mobile positioning device, wherein a firing furnace is fixedly arranged on the machine body, and comprises a bottom plate, a side wall fixedly connected to the side edge of the bottom plate, a first heat-insulating lining arranged on the inner side surface of the bottom plate, a second heat-insulating lining arranged on the inner side surface of the side wall and a sealing plate hinged to the upper end part of the side wall; a lifting device for adjusting the first heat insulation lining is arranged between the first heat insulation lining and the bottom plate, and a heating pipe is arranged on the second heat insulation lining; the discharging nozzle comprises a first nozzle for extruding ceramic slurry and a second nozzle for spraying glaze; at least two second nozzles are arranged. The ceramic manufacturing method has the effect of improving the safety and stability of ceramic manufacturing.

Description

Ceramic 3D printer and control method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a ceramic 3D printer and a control method thereof.

Background

The 3D printing technology is a new fast forming technology, which is a technology for constructing an object by using materials such as powder, thread, paste and the like through layer-by-layer printing based on a digital model file.

There are many methods for 3D printing of ceramics, but the simplest and most economical printing method for ceramic artwork and the like is to print out a blank by using a method of stacking ceramic clay, and then move the printed blank to a ceramic firing furnace to fire and form a ceramic finished product. Because the biscuit structural strength of the ceramic clay accumulation is small, the biscuit moving to the firing furnace on the printer body is easy to deform or damage the ligand, and great hidden danger exists for the final forming of the ceramic.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the safety and stability of ceramic manufacture, the application provides a ceramic 3D printer and a control method thereof.

The application provides a pottery 3D printer and control method adopts following technical scheme:

first aspect, the application provides a pottery 3D printer, adopts following technical scheme:

a ceramic 3D printer comprises a machine body, a movable positioning device arranged on the machine body and a discharge nozzle arranged on the movable positioning device, wherein a firing furnace is fixedly arranged on the machine body and comprises a bottom plate, a side wall fixedly connected to the side edge of the bottom plate, a first heat-insulating lining arranged on the inner side surface of the bottom plate, a second heat-insulating lining arranged on the inner side surface of the side wall and a sealing plate hinged to the upper end part of the side wall; and a lifting device for adjusting the first heat-insulating lining is arranged between the first heat-insulating lining and the bottom plate, and a heating pipe is arranged on the second heat-insulating lining.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, before printing, open the shrouding earlier, and make first thermal-insulated inside lining rise to the upper portion of firing the stove through elevating gear, can make first thermal-insulated inside lining as work platform, the printer directly falls on the upper surface of first thermal-insulated inside lining when extruding argil thick liquids, print the shaping back, rethread elevating gear makes it fall in firing the stove, fire it through firing the stove, the step to the good biscuit removal of printing in the middle of the surplus, the probability of damage to the biscuit has been reduced, the efficiency of ceramic printing preparation is improved.

Optionally, a sealing block is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the second heat insulation liner near the lower end portion, and the sealing block is used for sealing a gap between the first heat insulation liner and the second heat insulation liner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after elevating gear drove first thermal-insulated inside lining downstream, can make first thermal-insulated inside lining butt to sealed piece on, the high-temperature gas in the reducible firing stove spills from the space between first thermal-insulated inside lining and the second thermal-insulated inside lining, reduces steam direct impact and causes the harm to it on elevating gear.

Optionally, the lifting device comprises a scissor lift, an upper portion of the scissor lift is fixedly connected to a lower portion of the first heat insulating liner, and a lower portion of the scissor lift is fixedly connected to the base plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the scissor lift is folded downwards and recovered, the first heat-insulating lining can be driven to move downwards, and the scissor lift can be used for feeding a earthenware clay biscuit formed on the first heat-insulating lining into a firing furnace; after the scissor lift extends upwards, the first heat insulation lining can be pushed to move upwards, and the first heat insulation lining is used for pushing the sintered ceramic finished product out of the firing furnace.

Optionally, the lifting device includes at least one cylinder, the cylinder body rigid coupling of cylinder is to the bottom plate on, the tip rigid coupling of the piston rod of cylinder is at the lower surface of first thermal-insulated inside lining.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the cylinder is established between first thermal-insulated inside lining and bottom plate, can stretch out the back at the piston rod of cylinder, realizes pushing up the function that first thermal-insulated inside lining moved up to make first thermal-insulated inside lining bear the weight of argil as work platform.

Optionally, the discharge nozzle comprises a first nozzle for extruding ceramic slurry and a second nozzle for spraying glaze; at least two second nozzles are arranged.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first nozzle is used for extruding the ceramic clay slurry, and the required shape is formed by stacking the ceramic clay slurry; the second nozzles are used for spraying glaze to glaze the formed clay, and the two second nozzles are used for comprehensively spraying the inside and the outside of the formed clay or two side surfaces of the formed clay to reduce residual dead angles.

Optionally, the inner side surface of the closing plate is provided with a third heat insulation lining.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the third heat-insulating lining that sets up on the shrouding can improve the leakproofness to the temperature in the firing stove, reduces the firing stove and is carrying out the in-process of firing to the clay and consume too much heat, can play thermal-insulated effect to the shrouding simultaneously, prevents to fire the high temperature in the stove and causes the damage to the shrouding, also can make the staff avoid scalding when operating the shrouding.

Optionally, the third thermal insulation liner includes a substrate and a bump fixed to a middle portion of the substrate, and an area of the bump is equal to an area of the first thermal insulation liner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the lug card is established between a plurality of second heat insulating boards, can blockade the heat in the burning furnace, and the substrate butt of third baffle can carry out the shutoff to the minute gap between lug and the second baffle simultaneously at the up end of a plurality of second heat insulating boards, prevents to form great pressure after the air in the burning furnace is heated, spills and causes the damage to the shrouding from the gap between lug and the second baffle, improves the security of use.

Optionally, the side of the upper part of the firing furnace is detachably connected with a transparent coaming.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, transparent bounding wall is established on the upper portion of firing the stove, can make transparent bounding wall become the protection to the printing process operation, prevents that external environment's effect from causing the destruction to the clay body of printing in-process, and transparent bounding wall can make the staff look over in real time to the printing process for transparent material simultaneously, improves the stability of printing process.

Optionally, a handle is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, and a heat insulation layer is fixedly arranged outside the handle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the staff of being convenient for operates the shrouding in the setting of handle, and the insulating layer on hand can play good guard action to staff's hand, prevents that higher temperature from transmitting to on hand on the shrouding and causing the injury to people's hand.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for a ceramic 3D printer, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a control method of a ceramic 3D printer comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: opening the sealing plate, and controlling the lifting device to drive the first heat insulation lining to rise to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate;

step two: controlling a first nozzle to extrude ceramic mud slurry according to the three-dimensional model input on the printer, and printing and forming on the first heat-insulating lining;

step three: controlling a second nozzle to perform glazing operation on the formed clay;

step four: controlling a lifting device to drive the first heat insulation lining and the formed clay to move downwards into the firing furnace;

step five: closing the sealing plate, starting a firing furnace to fire the formed argil through the heating pipe, and continuing for a fixed time;

step six: closing the firing furnace to naturally cool the high-temperature argil, opening the sealing plate, controlling the lifting device to drive the first heat-insulating lining to ascend to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate, and pushing out the ceramic finished product.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. before printing, the sealing plate is opened, the first heat-insulating lining is lifted to the upper part of the firing furnace through the lifting device, the first heat-insulating lining can be used as a working platform, the printer directly falls on the upper surface of the first heat-insulating lining when extruding argil slurry, after printing and forming, the first heat-insulating lining falls into the firing furnace through the lifting device, the firing furnace is used for firing the first heat-insulating lining, and the middle part of the printing process is left for moving the printed biscuit, so that the probability of damage to the biscuit is reduced, and the efficiency of ceramic printing and manufacturing is improved;

2. the translucent cover is established on the upper portion of firing the stove, can make the translucent cover become the protection to the printing process, prevents that external environment's effect from causing the destruction to the earthenware body of printing in-process, and the translucent cover can make the staff look over in real time to the printing process for transparent state simultaneously, improves the stability of printing the process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a firing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a body; 2. moving the positioning device; 3. a discharging nozzle; 31. a first nozzle; 32. a second nozzle; 4. firing the furnace; 41. a base plate; 42. a side wall; 43. closing the plate; 431. a handle; 44. a first insulating liner; 45. a second insulating liner; 451. a sealing block; 452. heating a tube; 46. a third insulating liner; 461. a substrate; 462. a bump; 5. a scissor lift; 6. and (4) a transparent coaming.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

Firstly, a simple introduction is made to 3D ceramic printing equipment, a printing model is built through third-party software, then the printing model is converted into a specific format and is transmitted to a printer, and the printer can control nozzles to heat and melt hot melt materials according to the received data model and extrude the materials through a nozzle with a fine nozzle. After being melted, the hot-melt material is sprayed out from the nozzle, is deposited on a panel or the solidified material of the previous layer, starts to solidify after the temperature is lower than the solidification temperature, and forms a final finished product through layer-by-layer accumulation of the material.

The embodiment of the application discloses pottery 3D printer. Referring to fig. 1, the 3D printer includes a body 1, a moving positioning device 2, a discharging nozzle 3, and a firing furnace 4. Wherein, the discharging nozzle 3 is fixedly connected on the mobile positioning device 2, and the opening of the discharging nozzle faces downwards to the firing furnace 4; the mobile positioning device 2 comprises a mobile device which moves transversely, longitudinally and vertically, can be in chain transmission, lead screw transmission or transmission belt transmission, and is used for adjusting the position of the discharging nozzle 3 so as to print out a clay biscuit according to the three-dimensional model; the firing furnace 4 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1 and is used for degreasing and sintering the formed ceramic clay biscuit to finally form a ceramic finished product.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the firing furnace 4 includes a bottom plate 41, a plurality of side walls 42 vertically fixed to the bottom plate 41, and a sealing plate 43 hinged to upper edges of the side walls 42; the bottom plate 41 can be a polygonal structure or a circular structure, preferably, the bottom plate 41 is a rectangular structure, the number of the side walls 42 is four, and the side edges are fixedly connected to form a cylinder body with a rectangular cross section; the upper surface of the bottom plate 41 is fixedly connected with a first heat insulation lining 44 for blocking heat, the inner side surface of the side wall 42 is fixedly connected with a second heat insulation lining 45 for blocking heat, the area of the first heat insulation lining 44 is slightly smaller than the figure surrounded by the inner side surface of the second heat insulation lining 45, and the inner side surface of the sealing plate 43 is fixedly connected with a third heat insulation lining 46 which is equal to the area of the first heat insulation lining 44.

A lifting device is arranged between the first heat insulation lining 44 and the bottom plate 41 and used for lifting and adjusting the first heat insulation lining 44, before printing, the sealing plate 43 and the third heat insulation lining 46 can be opened firstly, the horizontal height of the first heat insulation lining 44 is lifted through the lifting device and is parallel and level with the upper surface of the second heat insulation lining 45 and used as a printing platform, clay slurry extruded by the discharging nozzle 3 directly falls on the upper surface of the first heat insulation lining 44, finally, a formed clay biscuit is printed on the first heat insulation lining 44, the first heat insulation lining 44 is lowered through the lifting device, and therefore the formed clay biscuit falls in the firing furnace 4 and is fired through the firing furnace 4, the step of moving the formed clay biscuit in the middle is omitted, the probability of damage to the biscuit is reduced, and the efficiency of ceramic printing and manufacturing is improved.

The medial surface of second heat-insulating lining 45 is seted up flutedly, and the recess internal stability is equipped with heating pipe 452 for degrease and sintering the fashioned earthenware clay biscuit, heating pipe 452 are established and are not surpassed the internal surface of second heat-insulating lining 45 in the recess, are convenient for make elevating gear drive first heat-insulating lining 44 reciprocate in the space between second heat-insulating lining 45, prevent that heating pipe 452 from causing the influence to the removal of first heat-insulating lining 44.

Specifically, the lifting device may be a scissor lift 5, an upper portion of the scissor lift 5 is connected to a lower surface of the first heat insulation liner 44, the lower surface of the scissor lift 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 41, and the height adjustment of the first heat insulation liner 44 is realized by extension and retraction of the scissor lift 5; the lifting device can also be a cylinder, the number of the cylinders is at least three, and the distances among the three cylinders are equal, so that the first heat-insulating lining 44 is kept in a horizontal state all the time; the lower end of the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom plate 41, the outer end of the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower part of the first heat-insulating lining 44, and the function of adjusting the height of the first heat-insulating lining 44 is realized by adjusting the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the cylinder, which is illustrated in the drawing by taking the scissor lift 5 as an example.

Further, a sealing block 451 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the plurality of second heat-insulating liners 45, the sealing block 451 is close to the lower end surface of the second heat-insulating liner 45, the material and performance of the sealing block 451 are the same as those of the second heat-insulating liner 45, and the sealing block is used for sealing the gap between the first heat-insulating liner 44 and the second heat-insulating liner 45, so that the damage to the lifting device caused by the high temperature in the firing furnace 4 through the gap between the first heat-insulating liner 44 and the second heat-insulating liner 45 is reduced.

Further, the third heat-insulating lining 46 includes a substrate 461 fixed to the inner side surface of the sealing plate 43 and a projection 462 fixed to the middle portion of the substrate 461, that is, a step groove is formed between the edge of the projection 462 and the substrate 461, the area of the projection 462 is equal to the area of the first heat-insulating lining 44, when the sealing plate 43 is closed, the projection 462 is clamped between the plurality of second heat-insulating plates, the substrate 461 abuts against the upper end surface of the second heat-insulating lining 45 to seal off the heat in the firing furnace 4, the heat in the firing furnace 4 is prevented from damaging the sealing plate 43 through the third heat-insulating lining 46, and the safety of the worker in handling the sealing plate 43 is improved.

A handle 431 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the sealing plate 43, so that the sealing plate 43 can be conveniently operated by workers; the outside of handle 431 sets firmly the heat insulating mattress, and the heat insulating mattress can be the rubber pad, also can make plastic foam, can play good guard action to staff's hand like this, prevents that higher temperature on shrouding 43 from transmitting to on the handle 431 and causing the injury to people's hand.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the discharging nozzle 3 includes a first nozzle 31 for extruding the clay slurry and a second nozzle 32 for spraying the glaze; the second nozzles 32 are at least two atomizing nozzles, and the two second nozzles 32 are respectively and fixedly arranged on two opposite sides of the first nozzle 31 and are used for spraying the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the formed earthenware clay biscuit, so that the residual dead angle is reduced, and the spraying is more comprehensive.

Referring to fig. 1, the upper side of firing stove 4 is fixed with transparent bounding wall 6, can play the effect of protection to the printing process of printer, prevents that the effect of external environment from causing the destruction to the earthenware body of printing in-process for the effect of artificial or wind power for example, and transparent bounding wall 6 can make the staff look over in real time to the printing process for transparent state simultaneously, improves the stability of printing process.

The functional embodiment of the ceramic 3D printer also discloses a control method of the ceramic 3D printer, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the closing plate 43 is opened, and the lifting device is controlled to drive the first heat insulation lining 44 to rise to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate;

step two: controlling a first nozzle 31 to extrude the ceramic clay slurry according to the three-dimensional model input on the printer, and printing and forming on a first heat insulation lining 44;

step three: controlling the second nozzle 32 to perform glazing operation on the formed clay;

step four: controlling the lifting device to drive the first heat-insulating lining 44 and the formed clay to move downwards into the firing furnace 4;

step five: closing the closing plate 43, and opening the firing furnace 4 to fire the formed pottery clay through the heating pipe 452 for a fixed time;

step six: closing the firing furnace 4 to naturally cool the high-temperature pottery clay, opening the sealing plate 43, controlling the lifting device to drive the first heat-insulating lining 44 to rise to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate, and pushing out the ceramic finished product.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pottery 3D printer which characterized in that: the baking furnace comprises a machine body (1), a movable positioning device (2) arranged on the machine body (1) and a discharging nozzle (3) arranged on the movable positioning device (2), wherein a baking furnace (4) is fixedly arranged on the machine body (1), the baking furnace (4) comprises a bottom plate (41), a side wall (42) fixedly connected to the side edge of the bottom plate (41), a first heat insulation lining (44) arranged on the inner side surface of the bottom plate (41), a second heat insulation lining (45) arranged on the inner side surface of the side wall (42) and a sealing plate (43) hinged to the upper end part of the side wall (42); and a lifting device for adjusting the first heat-insulating lining (44) is arranged between the first heat-insulating lining (44) and the bottom plate (41), and a heating pipe (452) is arranged on the second heat-insulating lining (45).

2. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: and a sealing block (451) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the second heat-insulating lining (45) close to the lower end part, and the sealing block (451) is used for sealing a gap between the first heat-insulating lining (44) and the second heat-insulating lining (45).

3. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 2, wherein: the lifting device comprises a scissor lift (5), wherein the upper part of the scissor lift (5) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the first heat-insulating lining (44), and the lower part of the scissor lift (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (41).

4. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 2, wherein: the lifting device comprises at least one cylinder, the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the end part of the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first heat-insulating lining.

5. A ceramic 3D printer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the discharge nozzle (3) comprises a first nozzle (31) for extruding ceramic slurry and a second nozzle (32) for spraying glaze; at least two of the second nozzles (32) are provided.

6. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: and a third heat-insulating lining (46) is arranged on the inner side surface of the sealing plate (43).

7. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 6, wherein: the third thermal insulation lining (46) comprises a substrate (461) and a lug (462) fixedly connected to the middle part of the substrate (461), and the area of the lug (462) is equal to that of the first thermal insulation lining (44).

8. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 7, wherein: and the side edge of the upper part of the firing furnace (4) is fixedly connected with a transparent coaming (6).

9. The ceramic 3D printer of claim 6, wherein: a handle (431) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (43), and a heat insulation layer is fixedly arranged outside the handle (431).

10. A control method of a ceramic 3D printer is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the closing plate (43) is opened, and the lifting device is controlled to drive the first heat insulation lining (44) to rise to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate;

step two: controlling a first nozzle (31) to extrude the ceramic clay slurry according to the three-dimensional model input on the printer, and printing and forming on a first heat insulation lining (44);

step three: controlling a second nozzle (32) to perform glazing operation on the formed clay;

step four: controlling a lifting device to drive the first heat insulation lining (44) and the formed ceramic clay to move downwards into the firing furnace (4);

step five: closing the closing plate (43), starting a firing furnace (4) to fire the formed argil through the heating pipe (452), and continuing for a fixed time;

step six: closing the firing furnace (4) to naturally cool the high-temperature argil, opening the sealing plate (43), controlling the lifting device to drive the first heat-insulating lining (44) to rise to be flush with the upper side edge of the side plate, and pushing out the ceramic finished product.