CN112297155A - Processing method of high-stability solid wood composite floor base material and base material thereof - Google Patents
Processing method of high-stability solid wood composite floor base material and base material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112297155A CN112297155A CN202011201035.3A CN202011201035A CN112297155A CN 112297155 A CN112297155 A CN 112297155A CN 202011201035 A CN202011201035 A CN 202011201035A CN 112297155 A CN112297155 A CN 112297155A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
- E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of solid wood composite floors, and particularly discloses a processing method of a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material and the base material. The floor base material processing method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting materials (2), distributing glue and assembling: assembling in an odd-even symmetrical mode by taking a core plate as a center, wherein the difference between the water content of the wood single plates at the odd layers and the water content of the wood single plates at the even layers is 3% -5%, and the difference between the water content of the wood single plates at the odd layers and the water content of the core plate is 3% -7%; (3) cold pressing and hot pressing. According to the invention, the quality requirement that the moisture content of the plate blank is completely uniform is achieved by limiting the moisture content difference value of the adjacent plates, so that the problems that the manufactured floor is unstable and is easy to arch and crack due to nonuniform moisture content are solved, and the cost is saved in the hot pressing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of solid wood composite floors, in particular to a processing method of a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material and the base material.
Background
The solid wood composite floor is formed by laminating plates of different tree species in a staggered manner, overcomes the defects of wet expansion and dry shrinkage of the solid wood floor to a certain extent, has small dry shrinkage and wet expansion rate and better dimensional stability, and simultaneously keeps the natural wood grains and comfortable foot feel of the solid wood floor, so that the solid wood composite floor has the advantages of strengthening the stability of the floor and the attractiveness of the solid wood floor and has the advantage of environmental protection. The solid wood composite floor takes solid wood jointed boards or veneers as surface layers, solid wood strips as core layers and veneers as bottom layers; or the veneer is taken as a surface layer, the plywood is taken as a base material, and the preparation process comprises the steps of base material preparation, surface coating, mortise opening, surface coating, edge sealing treatment and the like. In the use process of the solid wood composite floor, the problems of cracking, curling deformation and the like often occur particularly in the ground heating environment. The problem is mostly caused by the uneven water content during the preparation and use of the floor.
The moisture content of wood is the percentage of the weight of moisture contained in the wood to the weight of the wood after oven drying. The wood is a moisture absorption substance, and the moisture can be continuously evaporated when the wet wood is placed in the air; the dry wood is placed in the air, the moisture in the air can be absorbed by the wood, the evaporation speed and the water absorption speed are equal at last, a dynamic balance state is achieved, and the moisture content is the balance moisture content. The equilibrium moisture content of wood is affected by atmospheric humidity and varies from region to region. The north is about 12%, the south is about 18%, and the Chinese is about 16%. The balanced moisture content of the wood has great significance in production. The moisture content of the materials for furniture, doors and windows, interior decoration and the like must be dried to be below the balance moisture content of the use area, otherwise, the problems of cracking and deformation of the wooden products can occur. In the prior art, the problem of uneven water content in the preparation and use processes of the floor is solved by performing edge sealing, waterproof interlayer adding, assembly structure, single board dipping treatment, mortise opening and the like in the preparation process of the floor.
For example, CN201710192121.4 discloses a method for preparing a high-stability solid wood composite floor by forging odd-even symmetrical assembly in layers, which strictly controls the parameters of a base material through an odd-even symmetrical assembly to eliminate stress deformation and maintain the stability of the size and structure of the base material; the water content in the board is adjusted to be uniform and stable by adopting a three-layer forging and pressing secondary pressing process, formaldehyde in the board blank is released to the maximum extent, the internal stress of the single board is released, the mechanical property is more stable, meanwhile, the edge sealing agent containing polyethylene and propolis is used for treatment, and thus, the floor which is low in formaldehyde release amount, uniform in water content, good in dimensional stability, excellent in waterproof performance and stable is obtained. For another example, CN201710192941.3 discloses a method for manufacturing a high-stability solid wood composite floor, in which organobentonite is introduced into the edge-sealing agent, and the organobentonite can make the edge-sealing agent form a stable dispersion system, thereby significantly improving the film-forming uniformity, aging resistance and peeling resistance of the edge-sealing agent. The problems of certain cracking, curling deformation and the like of the product obtained by the technical scheme are found in the measurement of internal bonding strength, the measurement of moisture resistance and the measurement of surface cracking resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material processing method and a base material thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems of uneven and stable water content, higher cost, poor slab stress performance and the like in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the method for processing the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting a wood veneer and a core board;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: after glue is distributed on the wood veneer and the core plate, assembly is carried out according to a certain arrangement rule;
wherein, assembling: at least one layer of wood veneer layer is sequentially arranged on the upper side of the core board upwards by taking the core board as the center, at least one layer of wood veneer layer is sequentially arranged on the lower side of the core board downwards, the number of the wood veneer layers arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the core board is the same, wherein the water content, the texture, the tree species and the thickness of the wood veneer on the odd layer of the upper side of the core board are the same as those of the wood veneer on the odd layer of the lower side of the core board, and the water content, the texture, the tree species and the thickness of the wood veneer on the even layer of the upper side of the core board are the same as those of the wood veneer on,
the difference between the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the even-numbered layer wood veneers is 3% -5%, and the difference between the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the core board is 3% -7%;
(3) cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate blank on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate are respectively pressed, or an intermediate plate blank comprising the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate blank on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank are respectively pressed, and then hot pressing forming is carried out again after repairing.
The treatments of assembly structure, surface coating, mortise opening, surface coating, edge sealing and the like in the preparation process of the floor are common means for solving the problem of uneven water content in the preparation and use processes of the floor, but in earlier researches, the applicant combines the several means in the prior art, and finds that the phenomena of arching, cracking and the like still occur after the floor is used for a long time or in the outdoor environment of wind, rain and the like. The inventor researches for a long time to find that the difference is possibly caused by improper control of the water content difference value of adjacent wood veneer layers, when the difference is too large, the water content in the plate blank cannot be completely uniform and stable by using three-layer forging of the prior art in the hot pressing process, the water content of the plate blank is related to the heat conductivity coefficient of the plate blank, the setting of hot pressing parameters is influenced, and meanwhile, the stress of the plate blank, the size of a base material and the stability of the structure are also influenced.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the problems of uneven and stable water content, higher cost, poor stress performance of the plate blank and the like in the prior art are solved by means of adjusting the assembly structure, controlling the relation of water content among the wood veneers, adopting a hot pressing scheme and the like in the preparation process of the base material. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the assembly structure adopts a structure which takes the core plate as the center and is symmetrical up and down, stress deformation is eliminated by strictly controlling four factors of the corresponding moisture content, texture, tree species and thickness of the base material, the size and the structure stability of the base material are maintained, the core plate is used as the middle layer, the support strength of the base plate is favorably ensured, the uniform stability of the moisture content is easily controlled by matching with a wood single plate, the number of layers of the composite floor is reduced, the glue distribution amount is reduced, the emission of harmful gas is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met.
In the odd-even symmetrical assembly in the prior art, except for the water content of the existing single board, no limitation is made on the relation of the water content of the adjacent wood single boards, the inventor finds that when the water content difference of the adjacent wood single boards exceeds 5%, under the condition that the hot pressing condition is not changed, the water content of the plate blank cannot be completely uniform, or the hot pressing time needs to be prolonged or the hot pressing temperature needs to be increased to enable the water content of the plate blank to be completely consistent. According to the invention, the quality requirement that the water content of the plate blank is completely uniform is achieved by limiting the difference value between the water content of the odd-numbered layers of wood veneers and the water content of the even-numbered layers of wood veneers to be 3% -5%, and the water content of the odd-numbered layers of wood veneers and the water content of the core plate are not more than 3-7%, so that the problems that the manufactured floor is unstable and is easy to arch and crack due to uneven water content are solved, and the cost is saved in the hot pressing process. And set up the moisture content difference between wooden veneer, the moisture content difference between wooden veneer and the core plate, in hot pressing process, form the gradient of moisture content between the different sheet layers, promote the motion of steam, and then be favorable to realizing the even stability of moisture content in the substrate.
Meanwhile, the technical scheme of layered forging and pressing is used for adjusting the water content of the plate blank to be uniform and stable in the process of carrying out layered hot pressing on the plate blank, and toxic gases such as formaldehyde and the like in the plate blank can be released to the maximum extent, so that the product meets the requirements; meanwhile, the plate blank is fully repaired after each hot pressing, so that the stress in the single plate can be fully released, and more stable mechanical property can be obtained.
In the technical scheme, the water content difference value of the adjacent wood veneers and the water content difference value between the wood veneers and the core plate are limited, and the obtained product has the characteristics of uniform and stable water content and good stress performance by adopting a layered forging and pressing mode, so that the problems of cracking and curling deformation of the floor are solved, and the manufacturing cost is also reduced.
Preferably, the difference between the water content of the wood veneers at the odd number layers and the water content of the wood veneers at the even number layers is 4%.
Preferably, the difference between the water content of the core board and the water content of the wood veneers of the odd-numbered layers is 5%.
Preferably, the moisture content of the outermost wood veneer of the assembly is less than that of the wood veneer connected with the outermost wood veneer or the core plate connected with the outermost wood veneer.
In the above technical solution, the outermost wood veneer of the assembly is the one closest to the ground when the floor is in use. In the process of using the floor, due to the action of gravity and the heating environment of floor heating, the moisture content of the layer of the wood veneer closest to the ground is often higher than that of the rest wood veneers. Considering the systematic error and the random error in the hot pressing process, the moisture content of the layer of the wood veneer closest to the ground is set to be smaller than that of the rest wood veneers, so that the uniform moisture content of the plate blank and the stable use of the obtained floor can be ensured to the greatest extent in the use process of the floor.
Preferably, the water content of the core board is higher than that of the wood veneer.
Preferably, the thickness of the core plate is not more than 10mm, and the thickness of the wood veneer is not more than 1 mm.
The thickness of the floor board occupies the part with the layer height, and in order to ensure the maximization of other use spaces except the floor board space, the thickness of the core board and the wood single board in the base material is limited to optimize the thickness of the floor board as much as possible; meanwhile, the core board is introduced, and the thickness of the core board is larger than that of the wood veneer, so that the number of used layers of the wood veneer is reduced, the glue distribution amount between layers is reduced, the emission of harmful gas is reduced, and the environmental protection performance is improved. Set up core thickness and be no longer than 10mm, wooden veneer thickness is no longer than 1mm, under this condition, can enough satisfy floor substrate's support intensity and atress stable, also can guarantee not to occupy the floor height, satisfies user's user demand.
Preferably, when the wood veneer has 4 layers or more, an intermediate slab including the core board and at least one layer of wood veneer on both upper and lower sides of the core board, and at least one layer of wood veneer on both upper and lower sides of the intermediate slab are pressed.
In the above technical solution, that is, when the wood veneer has 4 layers, a middle slab including the core board and the wood veneers of the upper and lower sides of the core board, and the wood veneers of the upper and lower sides of the middle slab are pressed; when the wood veneers are 6 layers, firstly pressing a middle plate blank comprising the core plate and the wood veneers at the upper layer and the lower layer of the core plate, and pressing the wood veneers at the upper layer and the lower layer of the middle plate blank; when the wood veneer is 6 layers, firstly pressing an intermediate plate blank comprising the core plate and the wood veneers on the upper layer and the lower layer of the core plate, and pressing the wood veneers on the upper layer and the lower layer of the intermediate plate blank; when the wood veneers are 8 layers, firstly pressing a middle plate blank comprising the core plate and the wood veneers at the upper layer and the lower layer of the core plate, and pressing the wood veneers at the upper layer and the lower layer of the middle plate blank; when the wood veneer is 8 layers, firstly pressing an intermediate plate blank comprising the core plate and the wood veneers on the upper layer and the lower layer of the core plate, and pressing the wood veneers on the upper layer and the lower layer of the intermediate plate blank; when the wood veneer is 8 layers, firstly pressing a middle plate blank of the wood veneer comprising a core plate and three layers of upper and lower core plates, and pressing the wood veneers of the upper and lower layers of the middle plate blank. According to the layered pressing, the moisture content in the plate blank can be adjusted to be uniform and stable, formaldehyde in the plate blank is released to the maximum extent, sufficient repairing is carried out after hot pressing at each time, the internal stress of the wood veneer is fully released, and the mechanical property is more stable.
Preferably, the hot pressing is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rate of rapid heating is 1-3 ℃/s, and the heating time is 40-60 s; the speed of the slow temperature rise is 0.02-0.05 ℃/s, and the temperature rise time is 100-300 s.
The heat conductivity coefficient refers to the heat transfer quantity per unit temperature drop and per unit time and per unit area in the material, and is a main index for reflecting the heat transfer capacity of the material, and the prior art indicates that the heat conductivity coefficient of the plate blank is obviously increased along with the increase of the water content, so the water content cannot be pressed too low in the selection and treatment of the wood single plate, and the energy required in the hot pressing process can be greatly increased and the cost is increased because the heat conductivity coefficient of the plate blank is not high; the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, the rapid heating stage is used for rapidly realizing vaporization of moisture in the wood veneer of the plate blank, and the slow heating stage is mainly used for promoting movement of water vapor by using temperature so as to realize uniformity and stability of the water vapor in the plate blank. The hot pressing process is divided into the stages of quick temperature rise and slow temperature rise, aiming at different purposes of vaporization and uniform distribution, and the method reduces the energy consumption and the cost in the hot pressing process while realizing the uniform and stable water content of the wooden veneer of the plate blank. Controlling the rapid heating rate to be 1-3 ℃/s and the heating time to be 40-60 s; the slow heating rate is 0.02-0.05 ℃/s, the heating time is 100-300s, the required output in the hot pressing process can be reduced as much as possible on the premise of meeting the requirement of carrying out full hot pressing on the plate, namely realizing the uniform and stable water content in the plate blank, and the cost is reduced.
Preferably, the adhesive used between the wood veneers in the glue distribution process is selected from one or more of phenolic resin glue, melamine resin glue and isocyanate adhesive; the adhesive used between the wood veneer and the core board is isocyanate adhesive.
In the technical scheme, different adhesives are selected between the wood single boards and between the core board and the wood single boards mainly because the wood single boards and the core board have different water contents. The phenolic resin adhesive is prepared by performing polycondensation reaction on benzene and aldehydes in the presence of a catalyst, and has the characteristics of high chemical stability, high bonding strength, water resistance, oil resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, good heat resistance, good insulating property and high strength; the melamine resin adhesive is prepared by condensation polymerization of melamine and formaldehyde, and has the advantages of high chemical activity, good thermal stability, boiling water resistance, chemical resistance and good electrical insulation. Wherein the heat resistance and the water resistance are superior to those of phenolic resin glue and urea-formaldehyde resin glue. The isocyanate adhesive is an adhesive mainly prepared from isocyanate monomers, has small molecular volume, is easy to permeate into porous materials, can react with moisture adsorbed on a bonded surface to generate chemical bonds, and has high bonding strength and good adhesive layer fatigue resistance. One or more of phenolic resin glue, melamine resin glue and isocyanate adhesive is/are selected among the wooden single boards, the moisture content of the wooden single boards relative to the core board is low, the thickness of the wooden single boards is thin, the difference value of the moisture content between the adjacent wooden single boards is 3% -5%, the difference value is small, the phenolic resin glue, the melamine resin glue and the isocyanate adhesive can meet the use requirement, and meanwhile, the cost can be reduced; the glue is distributed between the wood single board and the core board by using the isocyanate adhesive, the water content of the core board is higher than that of the wood single board, and the water contained in the core board can fully react with the isocyanate adhesive to form a chemical bond, so that the bonding strength is increased; for the core board with the thickness larger than that of the wood veneer, the difference value of the water content between the wood veneer and the core board is 3% -7%, the difference value is larger, the required adhesive not only needs to have excellent water resistance, weather resistance, high chemical stability and the like, but also needs to meet the requirement of excellent bonding strength, so the isocyanate adhesive is selected for glue distribution between the core board and the wood veneer. And the isocyanate adhesive is taken as an aldehyde-free adhesive (namely formaldehyde is not used as a preparation raw material, and formaldehyde is not released in the using process), and compared with the traditional adhesive, the isocyanate adhesive also has the advantages of excellent weather resistance, especially the advantages in the aspects of heat insulation, sound insulation, wear resistance, oil resistance, elasticity and the like, has very stable chemical property, is not easy to volatilize and deteriorate, and has very strong stability. Different glue distribution schemes are selected according to different water content difference values among the wood single boards and between the wood single boards and the core board, so that smooth assembly of the wood single boards, the wood single boards and the core board can be ensured, and the cost can be reduced.
A high-stability solid wood composite floor base material adopts the processing method of the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material.
The invention relates to a high-stability solid wood composite floor, which adopts the floor base material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the difference value between the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the even-numbered layer wood veneers is limited to be 3% -5%, the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the core plate are limited to be 3% -7%, the water content of the outermost layer wood veneers of the assembly is limited to be smaller than that of the wood veneers connected with the outermost layer wood veneers or that of the core plate connected with the outermost layer wood veneers, and the water content of the core plate is higher than that of the wood veneers, so that the quality requirement that the water content of the plate blank is completely uniform is met, the problems that the manufactured floor is unstable and is easy to arch and;
2. the core board and the wood veneer are assembled together, and the phenolic resin adhesive, the melamine resin adhesive and the isocyanate adhesive are selected as the adhesive, so that the adhesive distribution amount can be reduced, the discharge of harmful gas is reduced, and the environmental protection performance is improved;
3. the water content in the plate blank is adjusted to be uniform and stable by adopting layered forging, formaldehyde in the plate blank is released to the maximum extent, and the full repair is carried out after each hot pressing, so that the internal stress of the wood veneer is fully released, and the mechanical property is more stable;
4. the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of quick temperature rise and slow temperature rise, different purposes of the two stages are determined, and therefore on the premise that the plate is fully hot pressed, namely on the premise that the moisture content in the plate blank is uniform and stable, the required output in the hot pressing process is reduced as much as possible, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for processing a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material and a base material thereof, and the invention is described in more detail by combining with an example and a comparative example.
The following are descriptions of preferred embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention, and further description of the technical solutions of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.
Example 1:
a processing method of a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 5% and the thickness of 0.5mm, and selecting oak core boards with the water content of 12% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling a poplar wood veneer, an oak core plate and a poplar wood veneer from bottom to top, wherein the adhesive is isocyanate adhesive, and a single-side glue distribution mode is adopted, and the glue distribution amount is 100g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an oak core plate and poplar wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, respectively repairing, and then, hot pressing again; wherein the hot pressing temperature is 110 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 2.0Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 8 minutes.
Coating and pasting the obtained base material on the surface in sequence: covering and pasting natural precious wood veneers on the upper surface of the base material, and covering and pasting a birch balance layer veneer on the lower surface of the base material; b, tenoning: in the width direction of the solid wood composite floor, the male lock head, the female lock head and the lock catch are matched, the central line of the male lock groove is aligned with the central line of the female lock groove, and in the length direction of the solid wood composite floor, the male lock head, the female lock head and the lock groove are matched; surface finishing: coating UV paint on the upper surface and the lower surface of the base; edge sealing treatment: heating and melting an edge bonding agent containing 80 parts by weight of polyethylene, 15 parts by weight of propolis powder and 5 parts by weight of organic bentonite into a stable dispersion system, maintaining the temperature at 100 ℃, pumping the mixture into a nozzle through a high-pressure pump, and spraying the mixture at a constant speed on the side edge of the floor subjected to surface coating, wherein the spraying amount is 200g/m2So as to obtain the high-stability solid wood composite floor.
Example 2:
the processing method of the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material is different from the processing method of the embodiment 1 in that the processing method of the base material comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 9% and the thickness of 0.5mm, birch wood veneers with the water content of 6% and the thickness of 0.8mm, and oak core boards with the water content of 12% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling birch wood single plates, poplar wood single plates, oak core plates, poplar wood single plates and birch wood single plates from bottom to top, selecting phenolic resin glue between the birch wood single plates and the poplar wood single plates, and adopting a single-side glue spreading mode, wherein the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Isocyanate adhesive is selected between the poplar wood veneer and the core board, and a single-side glue spreading mode is adopted, wherein the glue spreading amount is 100g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an intermediate plate blank containing an oak core plate and poplar wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, and birch wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank, respectively repairing, and then, hot pressing again; the hot pressing pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rapid heating rate is 1 ℃/s, and the heating time is 60 s; the slow heating rate is 0.05 ℃/s, and the heating time is 100 s.
Example 3:
the processing method of the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material is different from the processing method of the embodiment 1 in that the processing method of the base material comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 11% and the thickness of 0.5mm, birch wood veneers with the water content of 7% and the thickness of 0.8mm, and oak core boards with the water content of 12% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling birch wood veneers, poplar wood veneers, birch wood veneers, oak core plates, birch wood veneers, poplar wood veneers and birch wood veneers from bottom to top, wherein melamine resin glue is selected among the wood veneers, a single-side glue distribution mode is adopted, and the glue distribution amount is 135g/m2Isocyanate adhesive between the wood veneer and the core board adopts a single-sided adhesive distribution mode, and the adhesive distribution amount is 100g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an intermediate plate blank containing an oak core plate and birch wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, and respectively repairing and then carrying out hot pressing again on the poplar wood veneers and the birch wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank; the hot pressing pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rapid heating rate is 3 ℃/s, and the heating time is 40 s; the slow heating rate is 0.02 ℃/s, and the heating time is 300 s.
Example 4:
the processing method of the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material is different from the processing method of the embodiment 1 in that the processing method of the base material comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 9% and the thickness of 0.5mm, birch wood veneers with the water content of 4% and the thickness of 0.5mm, and oak core boards with the water content of 12% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling birch wood single plates, poplar wood single plates, oak core plates, poplar wood single plates, birch wood single plates, poplar wood single plates and birch wood single plates from bottom to top, selecting melamine resin glue between the wood single plates, and adopting a single-side glue spreading mode, wherein the glue spreading amount is 135g/m2Isocyanate adhesive between the wood veneer and the core board adopts a single-sided adhesive distribution mode, and the adhesive distribution amount is 100g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an intermediate plate blank containing an oak core plate and poplar wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, and a birch wood veneer, a poplar wood veneer and a birch wood veneer on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank, respectively repairing, and then, hot pressing again; the hot pressing pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rapid heating rate is 2 ℃/s, and the heating time is 50 s; the speed of the slow temperature rise is 0.035 ℃/s, and the temperature rise time is 200 s.
Example 5
A method for processing a high-stability solid wood composite floor base material, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the base material processing step (1) of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 10% and the thickness of 0.5mm, and selecting oak core boards with the water content of 5% and the thickness of 8 mm.
Comparative example 1:
a method of processing a solid wood composite floor substrate, the method of processing the substrate comprising the steps of:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 5% and the thickness of 0.5mm, and selecting oak core boards with the water content of 15% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling a poplar wood veneer, an oak core plate and a poplar wood veneer from bottom to top, wherein the adhesive is urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, and the adhesive is distributed on one side of the poplar wood veneer in a manner that the adhesive is distributed on one side of the poplar wood veneer in a quantity of 170g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an oak core plate and poplar wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, respectively repairing, and then, hot pressing again; wherein the hot pressing temperature is 110 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 2.0Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 8 minutes.
Coating and pasting the obtained base material on the surface in sequence: covering and pasting natural precious wood veneers on the upper surface of the base material, and covering and pasting a birch balance layer veneer on the lower surface of the base material; b, tenoning: in the width direction of the solid wood composite floor, the male lock head, the female lock head and the lock catch are matched, the central line of the male lock groove is aligned with the central line of the female lock groove, and in the length direction of the solid wood composite floor, the male lock head, the female lock head and the lock groove are matched; surface finishing: coating UV paint on the upper surface and the lower surface of the base; edge sealing treatment: heating and melting an edge bonding agent containing 80 parts by weight of polyethylene, 15 parts by weight of propolis powder and 5 parts by weight of organic bentonite into a stable dispersion system, maintaining the temperature at 100 ℃, pumping the mixture into a nozzle through a high-pressure pump, and spraying the mixture at a constant speed on the side edge of the floor subjected to surface coating, wherein the spraying amount is 200g/m2So as to obtain the high-stability solid wood composite floor.
Comparative example 2:
the difference between the processing method of the solid wood composite floor base material and the comparative example 1 is that the processing method of the base material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting poplar wood veneers with the water content of 6% and the thickness of 0.5mm, birch wood veneers with the water content of 12% and the thickness of 0.8mm, and oak core boards with the water content of 10% and the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: sequentially assembling birch wood single plates, poplar wood single plates, oak core plates, poplar wood single plates and birch wood single plates from bottom to top, selecting phenolic resin glue between the birch wood single plates and the poplar wood single plates, and adopting a single-side glue spreading mode, wherein the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Isocyanate adhesive is selected between the poplar wood veneer and the core board, and a single-side glue spreading mode is adopted, wherein the glue spreading amount is 100g/m2；
(3) Cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, firstly, pressing an intermediate plate blank containing an oak core plate and poplar wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the oak core plate, and birch wood veneers on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank, respectively repairing, and then, hot pressing again; the hot pressing pressure is 1.0Mpa, and the hot pressing process is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rapid heating rate is 1 ℃/s, and the heating time is 60 s; the slow heating rate is 0.05 ℃/s, and the heating time is 100 s.
Test examples and comparative examples:
[ moisture resistance measurement-cycle test ]: the examples and comparative examples were subjected to three cycles of test treatments, each cycle comprising cold water soaking, freezing, and oven drying, etc. After the cyclic treatment, the water absorption thickness expansion rate and the residual strength were measured by rebalancing.
[ determination of high temperature resistance ]: the examples and comparative examples were dried in an air-blast drying oven at (120. + -. 3) ℃ for 2 hours and then taken out, and the surface conditions of the examples and comparative examples were observed under natural light from any angle with normal vision (or corrected to normal vision).
[ impact resistance measurement ]: the surfaces of examples and comparative examples were impacted with steel balls of specified mass to determine if cracks and indentations larger than the specified diameter occurred in the surfaces of examples and comparative examples.
The results of the test examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1 below:
the analysis shows that the performance of the examples 1-4 is superior to that of the comparative examples 1-2 in various test project indexes, and the examples 1-4 obtain more excellent water-resistant, weather-resistant and stable performances by limiting the water content difference among the wood single plates, the wood single plates and the core plates, the size relation between the water content of the core plates and the water content of the wood single plates and setting the stages of quick temperature rise and slow temperature rise in the hot pressing process.
The embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the invention, which is defined by the following claims, wherein equivalents and equivalents of the structures and procedures used in the description are included in the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The processing method of the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) selecting materials: preparing a wood veneer and a core board;
(2) glue distribution and assembly: the assembly is a symmetrical structure taking the core plate as the center, namely at least one layer of wood veneer layer is respectively and sequentially arranged upwards and downwards on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate, the number of the wood veneer layers arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate is the same, wherein the water content, the texture, the tree species and the thickness of the wood veneer on the odd layers on the upper side of the core plate are the same as those of the wood veneer on the odd layers on the lower side of the core plate, and the water content, the texture, the tree species and the thickness of the wood veneer on the even layers on the upper side of the core plate are the same as those of the wood veneer on,
the difference between the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the even-numbered layer wood veneers is 3% -5%, and the difference between the water content of the odd-numbered layer wood veneers and the water content of the core board is 3% -7%;
(3) cold pressing and hot pressing: in the hot pressing process, the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate blank on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate are respectively pressed, or an intermediate plate blank comprising the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate on the upper side and the lower side of the core plate and at least one layer of wood single plate blank on the upper side and the lower side of the intermediate plate blank are respectively pressed, and then hot pressing forming is carried out again after repairing.
2. The method for processing a highly stable solid wood composite floor base material according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the water content of the wood single boards of the odd number layers and the water content of the wood single boards of the even number layers is 4%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the water content of the core board and the water content of the wood veneers of the odd number layers is 5%.
4. The method for processing a highly stable solid wood composite floor base material according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the outermost wood veneer of the assembly is less than that of the wood veneer connected thereto or the core board connected thereto.
5. The method for processing the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the core board is higher than that of the wood veneer.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the core board is not more than 10mm, and the thickness of the wood veneer is not more than 1 mm.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the wood veneers is 4 or more, an intermediate slab comprising the core board and the wood veneers on at least one layer on each of the upper and lower sides of the core board, and at least one layer on each of the upper and lower sides of the intermediate slab are pressed.
8. The method for processing the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material according to claim 1, wherein the hot pressing is divided into two stages of rapid heating and slow heating, wherein the rapid heating rate is 1-3 ℃/s, and the heating time is 40-60 s; the speed of the slow temperature rise is 0.02-0.05 ℃/s, and the temperature rise time is 100-300 s.
9. The method for processing the high-stability solid wood composite floor base material according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive used between the wood veneers in the glue distribution process is one or more selected from phenolic resin glue, melamine resin glue and isocyanate adhesive; the adhesive used between the wood veneer and the core board is isocyanate adhesive.
10. A highly stable solid wood composite floor substrate, characterized in that the substrate processing method of the highly stable solid wood composite floor is as claimed in claims 1-9.
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