CN112287575B - Method for determining random vibration power spectrum of environmental test of small satellite optical camera - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining a random vibration power spectrum of an environmental test of an optical camera of a small satellite, which comprises the steps of obtaining a response power spectrum PSD1 of a camera mounting surface through calculation according to whole satellite product information of the small satellite and a random vibration power spectrum PSD0 of a whole satellite using the mechanical environment; acquiring the quality of the whole camera and internal components according to the product information of the camera, wherein the tolerance power spectrum PSD2 of the components; establishing a power spectrum PSD3 and PSD4 of a random vibration test of the whole camera and an internal component process; and obtaining a response power spectrum PSD5 of the installation surface of the internal component of the optical camera according to the power spectrum PSD3 of the random vibration test of the overall process of the optical camera. The invention can effectively avoid over-design and over-test of the optical camera while fully verifying the environmental adaptability of the optical camera and screening the checking process, and lays a foundation for the smooth development of product development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining a random vibration power spectrum of an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera, and belongs to the technical field of small satellite aerospace environmental tests.
Background
Before delivering the satellite, the small satellite optical camera performs a series of environmental test examination, wherein the purpose and the function of the environmental test comprise two aspects, namely, the examination on the one hand is to examine the environmental adaptability of the product, and verify whether the design and the adopted manufacturing process of the product are correct and meet the quality requirements so as to ensure that the product works normally under a preset working environment; on the other hand, the use reliability of the product is improved, the manufacturing quality of the product is checked, potential defects in components, materials and manufacturing processes are exposed to the ground as much as possible, and early failure is reduced.
The current establishment of the random vibration test power spectrum of the optical camera by the small satellite is to use the envelope of the reliable power spectrum and the environment adaptive power spectrum for the product. The establishment of the random vibration test power spectrum of the optical camera is only divided from the interface of the product and the satellite, the complexity of the camera system and the actual production and manufacturing process of the camera system are not considered, and the product use reliability assessment condition is established completely based on the whole camera system. In the actual test process, the random vibration test power spectrum of the optical camera is transmitted to the interfaces of the internal components of the camera to form amplification, so that the examination of a single machine is increased, and the camera is easy to be over-designed and over-tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the method for determining the random vibration power spectrum of the environmental test of the small satellite optical camera is provided to solve the problems of over-test and over-design caused by neglecting the complexity of the system and the actual production and manufacturing process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for determining random vibration power spectrum of environmental test of small satellite optical camera comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out whole satellite dynamics simulation calculation by using a modal superposition method according to whole satellite product information of the small satellite and whole satellite using an mechanical environment random vibration test power spectrum PSD0, and obtaining an optical camera mounting surface random vibration response power spectrum PSD1, wherein the whole satellite product information of the small satellite comprises a whole satellite finite element model and a satellite arrow interface position;
(2) According to product information of an internal component of the optical camera, basic mechanical data of the component are obtained, wherein the mechanical data comprise: the camera overall mass M0, the component mass M1, the camera finite element model and the component tolerance random vibration test power spectrum PSD2;
(3) Establishing a power spectrum PSD3 and PSD4 of an optical camera integral and internal component process random vibration test;
(4) According to the power spectrum PSD3 of the random vibration test of the whole process of the optical camera, carrying out dynamic simulation calculation by using a modal superposition method to obtain the power spectrum PSD5 of the random vibration response of the installation surface of the internal component of the optical camera;
(5) When PSD5 is greater than PSD2 and greater than PSD4, the random vibration test power spectrum PSD1 is used as the basis for the design and environmental adaptability assessment of the optical camera, and the random vibration test power spectrum PSD4 is used as the basis for the process inspection and assessment of the internal components of the optical camera.
Further, in the step (1), the mass of the small satellite is 100-1000 Kg, and the mode cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the power spectrum PSD0 of the random vibration test.
Further, in the steps (1) and (4), the mode superposition method adopted mainly comprises the following steps:
equation of motion using coordinate transformationDecoupling to obtain mutually independent motion equation sets;
solving the response by utilizing Du Hamei integral to obtain a dynamic response calculation formula under generalized coordinates
Wherein [ M]Is a quality matrix [ C]Is a structural damping matrix [ K ]]Is a structural rigidity matrix, { f } is a generalized force, { u } is structural response under a generalized coordinate system,for response speed, +.>In response to acceleration phi i For each order of mode, ζ i Is the structural response under the main coordinate system.
Further, in the step (2), the overall mass M0 of the optical camera is 50-150 Kg.
Further, in the step (2), the optical camera internal components include a focal plane component, an optical component, a detector and a refrigerator component.
Further, in the step (4), the cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the random vibration test power spectrum PSD 3.
Further, in the step (5), PSD5> PSD2> PSD4 is that the random vibration test power spectrum PSD5 can cover PSD2 and the random vibration test power spectrum PSD2 can cover PSD4.
Further, according to the formula p=a1× (M'/M), F u ＝f 1 ×(M'/M)、F d ＝f 2 X (M/M'), respectively preparing power spectrums PSD3 and PSD4 of the random vibration test of the whole and internal assembly process of the optical camera;
wherein P is response magnitude, A1 is response standard reference value, M' is quality standard reference value, and M is camera quality M0 or camera internal component quality M1; f (F) u For the inflection point frequency of the rising section of the power spectrum of the process random vibration test, f 1 For the standard reference value of inflection point frequency of the power spectrum ascending section of the process random vibration test, F d For the inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test, f 2 And the standard reference value of the inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The random vibration response power spectrums PSD1 and PSD5 of the whole star and the internal components of the camera are obtained in a simulation calculation mode, and compared with the traditional mode of adopting structural star and structural camera to obtain data through test, the development cost is greatly reduced, and the development time is shortened;
(2) Compared with the power spectrums obtained by the traditional enveloping random vibration test power spectrums PSD1 and PSD3, the invention uses the random vibration test power spectrum PSD1 as the basis of the optical camera design and environmental adaptability assessment, reduces the pressure of the optical camera quality optimization design, saves the design cost, and simultaneously avoids the generation of the over-test of the camera;
(3) When PSD5 is more than PSD2 and more than PSD4, the power spectrum PSD4 of the random vibration test is used as the basis for the process test and check of the internal components of the optical camera, so that the process test of the camera can prevent the occurrence of over-test while protecting the product, and the product is effectively protected;
(4) The method for preparing the power spectrums PSD3 and PSD4 of the random vibration test of the whole optical camera and the internal component process can be applied to process inspection and screening of various products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an optical camera mounting surface random vibration response power spectrum PSD1 calculated by a modal superposition method in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the scheme of the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining a random vibration power spectrum of an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
1. and carrying out whole satellite dynamics simulation calculation by using a modal superposition method according to whole satellite product information of the small satellite and a whole satellite using mechanical environment random vibration test power spectrum PSD0 to obtain an optical camera mounting surface random vibration response power spectrum PSD1. The whole satellite product information of the small satellite comprises a whole satellite finite element model, a satellite-rocket interface position and the like, and the whole satellite power spectrum PSD0 provided by a carrier for random vibration test of the whole satellite using the mechanical environment comprises a whole satellite test response magnitude, a frequency band, a root mean square value, a test direction and the like.
(1) The invention limits the mass of the small satellite to be within 100-1000 Kg;
(2) Table 1 shows a specific whole-satellite random vibration test power spectrum PSD0 using an mechanical environment, which is only an example given for illustrating the method of the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention.
TABLE 1 Whole-satellite random vibration test Power Spectrum PSD0 using mechanical Environment
(3) The invention adopts a mode superposition method to carry out the simulation calculation of the whole star dynamics response, the mode cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the power spectrum PSD0 of the random vibration test, and the mode superposition method mainly comprises the following contents: first, the equation of motion is transformed by coordinatesDecoupling to obtain mutually independent motion equation sets, and then solving the response by utilizing Du Hamei integration to obtain a dynamic response calculation formula under generalized coordinates[M]Is a quality matrix [ C]Is a structural damping matrix [ K ]]Is a structural rigidity matrix, { f } is generalized force, { u } is structural response, phi i For each order of mode, ζ i Is a constant;
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the method of solving the dynamic response by the modal superposition method is merely illustrative of an example of steps 1 and 4 in a method for determining the random vibration power spectrum of the environmental test of the small satellite optical camera according to the present invention, and the method of the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present invention, a modal superposition method dynamic response calculation method is preferable.
(4) Fig. 2 shows a specific power spectrum PSD1 of random vibration response of an optical camera mounting surface calculated by a mode superposition method for a satellite of a certain model, which is merely an example given for illustrating the method of the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention.
2. And acquiring basic mechanical data of the component according to product information of the component in the optical camera, wherein the mechanical data comprises the whole mass M0 of the camera, the mass M1 of the component and a power spectrum PSD2 of a random vibration tolerance test of the component.
(1) The invention limits the whole mass M0 of the optical camera to be 50-150 Kg;
(2) The optical camera internal components include camera components such as a focal plane component, an optical component, a detector, and a refrigerator component, which are merely examples of step 2 in a method for determining a random vibration power spectrum of an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera according to the present invention, and the optical camera internal components to which the present invention is applicable are not limited thereto.
(3) Table 2 shows the random vibration test power spectrum PSD22 of the optical camera internal detector and refrigerator assembly, which is only an example given for the purpose of illustrating one method of determining the random vibration power spectrum of the environmental test of a small satellite optical camera according to the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention.
Table 2 detector and refrigerator assembly withstand random vibration test power spectrum PSD2 2
3. According to the formula p=a1× (M'/M), F u ＝f 1 ×(M'/M)、F d ＝f 2 X (M/M') respectively preparing power spectrums PSD3 and PSD4 of the random vibration test of the whole optical camera and the internal component process;
(1) Step 3 formula p=a1× (M'/M), F u ＝f 1 ×(M'/M)、F d ＝f 2 In X (M/M'), P is response magnitude, A1 is response standard reference value, and the value is 0.045g 2 The value of the reference value of the quality standard is 50Kg, and M is the mass M0 of the camera or the mass M1 and F of the internal components of the camera u For the inflection point frequency of the rising section of the power spectrum of the process random vibration test, f 1 For the standard reference value of inflection point frequency of the power spectrum ascending section of the process random vibration test, the value is 70Hz, F d For the inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test, f 2 For the standard reference value of inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test, the value is 600Hz, the starting and stopping frequency of the formulated power spectrum is consistent with PSD2, and the starting and stopping magnitude is 0.01g 2 /Hz；
(2) The application of the formula in the step 3 is limited to products with the mass of 50-160 Kg, and the process random vibration test power spectrum of the products with the mass of less than or equal to 50Kg is the data in the table 3.
TABLE 3 Power Spectrum for random vibration test of product technology (mass less than or equal to 50 Kg)
(3) Table 4 shows the power spectrum PSD3 of the random vibration test of the process calculated by the optical camera with a mass M0 of 75Kg according to the formula in step 3, the power spectrum PSD22 of the random vibration test of the process with a mass M1 of 20Kg of the internal detector and refrigerator assembly of the camera is the same as that of Table 4, and the power spectrums PSD3 and PSD2 2 The method for determining the random vibration power spectrum of the environmental test of the small satellite optical camera is only used for illustration, and is not limited by the invention.
Table 4 optical camera random vibration test power spectrum PSD3
4. And (3) according to the random vibration test power spectrum PSD3 of the whole process of the optical camera formulated in the step (3), carrying out dynamic simulation calculation by using a mode superposition method, wherein the mode cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the random vibration test power spectrum PSD3, and obtaining the random vibration response power spectrum PSD5 of the installation surface of the internal component of the optical camera.
5. When PSD5 is greater than PSD2 and greater than PSD4, the random vibration test power spectrum PSD1 is used as the basis for the design and environmental adaptability assessment of the optical camera, and the random vibration test power spectrum PSD4 is used as the basis for the process inspection and assessment of the internal components of the optical camera.
(1) PSD5> PSD2> PSD4 means that the response magnitude of the random vibration test power spectrum PSD5 is higher than that of PSD2, and the response magnitude of the random vibration test power spectrum PSD2 can cover PSD4.
The random vibration response power spectrums PSD1 and PSD5 of the whole star and the internal components of the camera are obtained in a simulation calculation mode, and compared with the traditional mode of adopting structural star and structural camera to obtain data through test, the development cost is greatly reduced, and the development time is shortened;
compared with the power spectrums obtained by the traditional enveloping random vibration test power spectrums PSD1 and PSD3, the invention uses the random vibration test power spectrum PSD1 as the basis of the optical camera design and environmental adaptability assessment, reduces the pressure of the optical camera quality optimization design, saves the design cost, and simultaneously avoids the generation of the over-test of the camera;
what is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for determining random vibration power spectrum of environmental test of small satellite optical camera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Carrying out whole satellite dynamics simulation calculation by using a modal superposition method according to whole satellite product information of the small satellite and whole satellite using an mechanical environment random vibration test power spectrum PSD0, and obtaining an optical camera mounting surface random vibration response power spectrum PSD1, wherein the whole satellite product information of the small satellite comprises a whole satellite finite element model and a satellite arrow interface position;
(2) According to product information of an internal component of the optical camera, basic mechanical data of the component are obtained, wherein the mechanical data comprise: the camera overall mass M0, the component mass M1, the camera finite element model and the component tolerance random vibration test power spectrum PSD2;
(3) Establishing a power spectrum PSD3 and PSD4 of an optical camera integral and internal component process random vibration test;
(4) According to the power spectrum PSD3 of the random vibration test of the whole process of the optical camera, carrying out dynamic simulation calculation by using a modal superposition method to obtain the power spectrum PSD5 of the random vibration response of the installation surface of the internal component of the optical camera;
when the random vibration test power spectrum PSD5 is more than PSD2 and more than PSD4, the random vibration test power spectrum PSD1 is used as the basis for the design of the optical camera and the assessment of environmental adaptability, and the random vibration test power spectrum PSD4 is used as the basis for the process inspection and the assessment of the internal components of the optical camera;
in the steps (1) and (4), the mode superposition method mainly comprises the following steps:
equation of motion using coordinate transformationDecoupling to obtain mutually independent motion equation sets;
solving the response by utilizing Du Hamei integral to obtain a dynamic response calculation formula under generalized coordinates
Wherein [ M]Is a quality matrix [ C]Is a structural damping matrix [ K ]]Is a structural rigidity matrix, { f } is a generalized force, { u } is structural response under a generalized coordinate system,for response speed, +.>In response to acceleration phi i For each order of mode, ζ i The structural response is under the main coordinate system;
in the step (2), the optical camera internal component comprises a focal plane component, an optical component, a detector and a refrigerator component;
according to the formula p=a1× (M'/M), F u ＝f 1 ×(M'/M)、F d ＝f 2 X (M/M'), respectively preparing power spectrums PSD3 and PSD4 of the random vibration test of the whole and internal assembly process of the optical camera;
wherein P is response magnitude, A1 is response standard reference value, M' is quality standard reference value, and M is camera quality M0 or camera internal component quality M1; f (F) u For the inflection point frequency of the rising section of the power spectrum of the process random vibration test, f 1 For the standard reference value of inflection point frequency of the power spectrum ascending section of the process random vibration test, F d For the inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test, f 2 And the standard reference value of the inflection point frequency of the power spectrum descending section of the process random vibration test is obtained.
2. A method of determining a random vibration power spectrum for an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the mass of the small satellite is 100-1000 Kg, and the mode cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the power spectrum PSD0 of the random vibration test.
3. A method of determining a random vibration power spectrum for an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the overall mass M0 of the optical camera is 50-150 Kg.
4. A method of determining a random vibration power spectrum for an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the cut-off frequency in the mode superposition method covers the whole frequency band of the power spectrum PSD3 of the random vibration test.
5. A method of determining a random vibration power spectrum for an environmental test of a small satellite optical camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the random vibration test power spectrum PSD5> PSD2> PSD4 is that the random vibration test power spectrum PSD5 can cover the PSD2 and the random vibration test power spectrum PSD2 can cover the PSD4.
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