CN112285581A - Method for shortening formation detection of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method for shortening formation detection of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285581A CN112285581A CN202011181768.5A CN202011181768A CN112285581A CN 112285581 A CN112285581 A CN 112285581A CN 202011181768 A CN202011181768 A CN 202011181768A CN 112285581 A CN112285581 A CN 112285581A
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/3865—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables related to manufacture, e.g. testing after manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: s1, charging the lithium ion battery with low current, and charging the lithium ion battery for 30min under the constant current condition of 0.1 ℃ by using a charger; s2, charging the lithium ion battery with high current, and continuing to charge the lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C after the charging of the lithium ion battery with low current is finished until the voltage reaches 4.0V; s3, fully charging the lithium ion battery with low current; s4, discharging the lithium ion battery, and S5, recharging the lithium ion battery; the invention mainly aims at the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, and provides a charging process flow of the lithium ion battery at low current, high current and low current when the lithium ion battery is fully charged for the first time; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode of the battery in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, and meanwhile, the formation detection time of the lithium ion battery is prolonged, so that the production efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery.
Background
A lithium ion battery is a secondary battery, i.e., a rechargeable battery, which mainly operates by movement of lithium ions between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. During charging and discharging, Li + is inserted and extracted back and forth between two electrodes: during charging, Li + is extracted from the positive electrode and is inserted into the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state; during discharge, Li + is extracted from the negative electrode, and is inserted into the positive electrode through the electrolyte, so that the positive electrode is in a lithium-rich state. With the continuous optimization and perfection of the production process and equipment of the lithium ion battery, the manufacturing efficiency is greatly improved, and then the formation detection technology of the lithium ion battery still needs to depend on the characteristics of the battery and becomes a big bottleneck in the production and manufacturing process of the lithium ion battery, so that how to optimize the formation detection process of the lithium ion battery so as to shorten the manufacturing period becomes a key.
However, in the prior art, in the optimization process of the formation detection process of the lithium ion battery, various performances of the lithium ion battery are affected to a certain extent, and the formation detection of the lithium ion battery in the process is long in use time and low in production efficiency, and lithium separation occurs under the condition that a negative electrode is fully charged, so that the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is affected.
Therefore, a method for shortening formation detection of the lithium ion battery is provided to solve the problems in the prior art, and a charging process flow of the lithium ion battery at low current, high current and low current is provided in the first full-charging process by aiming at the characteristics of the lithium ion battery; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode when the battery is in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, formation detection time of the lithium ion battery is shortened, and production efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, various performances of the lithium ion battery are influenced to a certain extent in the optimization process of the formation detection process of the lithium ion battery, and the formation detection of the lithium ion battery under the process has long time use and low production efficiency, and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is influenced due to the lithium separation phenomenon under the condition that a negative electrode is fully charged; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode of the battery in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, and meanwhile, the formation detection time of the lithium ion battery is prolonged, so that the production efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1, charging the lithium ion battery with low current, and charging the lithium ion battery for 30min under the constant current condition of 0.1 ℃ by using a charger;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with high current, and continuing to charge the lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C after the charging of the lithium ion battery with low current is finished until the voltage reaches 4.0V;
s3, the lithium ion battery is fully charged with small current, the lithium ion battery reaching 4.0V is continuously fully charged with the constant current and the constant voltage of 0.2C, the voltage at the time of full charge is 4.2V, and the cut-off current is 0.02C;
s4, discharging the lithium ion battery, and discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C;
and S5, recharging the lithium ion battery, and charging the discharged lithium ion battery to the delivery voltage under the condition of constant current and constant voltage of 0.5C.
Preferably, C in 0.1C in step 1 represents the charging rate of the rechargeable battery, and if the rated capacity 1C of the rechargeable battery is 1100mAh, it represents that the discharging time of 1100mAh can last for 1 hour, and the 0.1C charging can continue for 10 hours with the charging time of 100mA, and the discharging time can also be calculated according to the comparison.
Preferably, after the constant current charging is performed for 30min in step 1, the charging amount of the lithium ion battery reaches one tenth of the charging rated capacity of the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the current used in the 0.5C constant current charging in step 2 is 500mA, and when charging, the lithium ion battery is electrically connected with a voltage monitor with a display screen, and the voltage monitor is used for monitoring the voltage change of the lithium ion battery when charging.
Preferably, the 0.2C constant current and voltage in step 3 is 200mA and 4.2V.
Preferably, when the ion battery is fully charged in the step 3, lithium is not precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, and a carbon material is used as the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, in the step 1 and the step 3, the lithium ion battery is charged by electrically connecting a charger with the lithium ion battery, and then electrically connecting the charger with a power supply, wherein the charger is a current-adjustable charger.
Preferably, the voltage of the lithium ion battery after discharging in step 4 is 3.2V, the lithium ion battery is discharged in a manner that a balance charger is electrically connected with the lithium ion battery, the balance charger is electrically connected with a power supply, and the balance charger selects a discharge mode to perform discharge operation on the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the current used for the constant current in the step 4 and the step 5 is 500mA, the voltage used for the constant voltage in the step 5 is 4.2V, and the shipment voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.7V-3.9V.
Compared with the prior art, the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion battery has the following advantages that:
the invention mainly aims at the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, and provides a charging process flow of the lithium ion battery at low current, high current and low current when the lithium ion battery is fully charged for the first time; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode when the battery is in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, formation detection time of the lithium ion battery is shortened, and production efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of shortening lithium ion battery formation tests in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cycle performance detection of the lithium ion battery after detection according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, charging the lithium ion battery with low current, and charging the lithium ion battery for 30min under the constant current condition of 0.1 ℃ by using a charger;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with high current, and continuing to charge the lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C after the charging of the lithium ion battery with low current is finished until the voltage reaches 4.0V;
s3, the lithium ion battery is fully charged with small current, the lithium ion battery reaching 4.0V is continuously fully charged with the constant current and the constant voltage of 0.2C, the voltage at the time of full charge is 4.2V, and the cut-off current is 0.02C;
s4, discharging the lithium ion battery, and discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C;
s5, recharging the lithium ion battery, and charging the discharged lithium ion battery to the delivery voltage under the condition of 0.5C constant current and constant voltage;
wherein, C in 0.1C in step 1 represents the charging rate of the rechargeable battery, if the rated capacity 1C of the rechargeable battery is 1100mAh, the discharging time of 1100mAh can last for 1 hour, 0.1C charging is that the charging time can last for 10 hours with 100mA current, and the discharging time can also be calculated according to the comparison;
after the constant current charging is carried out for 30min in the step 1, the charging capacity of the lithium ion battery reaches one tenth of the charging rated capacity of the lithium ion battery;
the current used in the 0.5C constant current charging in the step 2 is 500mA, and when the lithium ion battery is charged, the lithium ion battery is electrically connected with a voltage monitor with a display screen, and the voltage monitor is used for monitoring the voltage change of the lithium ion battery when the lithium ion battery is charged, so that the charging progress of the lithium ion battery can be conveniently mastered;
wherein, the current used by the 0.2C constant current and the constant voltage in the step 3 is 200mA, and the voltage is 4.2V;
when the ion battery is fully charged in the step 3, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode, and the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is a carbon material, in the charging and discharging processes of the lithium ion battery, Li + is repeatedly inserted and extracted between the two electrodes, during charging, Li + is extracted from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode through the electrolyte, the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state, during discharging, Li + is extracted from the negative electrode and inserted into the positive electrode through the electrolyte, and the positive electrode is in a lithium-rich state;
in the step 1 and the step 3, the lithium ion battery is charged by adopting a charger to be electrically connected with the lithium ion battery, then the charger is electrically connected with a power supply, and the charger is set to be a current-adjustable charger, such as a B6 charger;
the voltage of the lithium ion battery after discharging in the step 4 is 3.2V, the lithium ion battery is discharged in a manner that a balance charger is electrically connected with the lithium ion battery, the balance charger is electrically connected with a power supply, the balance charger selects a discharging mode to discharge the lithium ion battery, and the balance charger is a B6 charger;
wherein, the current used by the constant current in the step 4 and the step 5 is 500mA, the voltage used by the constant voltage in the step 5 is 4.2V, and the shipment voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.7V-3.9V;
in summary, aiming at the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, a charging process flow of the lithium ion battery at low current, high current and low current is provided in the first full charge process; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode when the battery is in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, formation detection time of the lithium ion battery is shortened, and production efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
Example 2
Taking 50 groups of lithium ion batteries, dissecting the result of the surface of the negative electrode when the lithium ion batteries are fully charged by using the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion batteries, and observing whether the state of the surface of the negative electrode is abnormal or not, wherein the detection result is as follows:
incidentally, the battery capacity used was 4200 mAH;
in summary, by taking 50 groups of lithium ion batteries, the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion batteries provided by the invention is used, and the surface state of the negative electrode is excellent and has no bad phenomenon as a result of dissecting the surface of the negative electrode when the battery is fully charged.
Example 3
Taking 50 groups of lithium ion batteries, using the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion batteries provided by the invention to detect the performance of the cycle function of the detected lithium ion batteries, and determining whether the cycle performance of the lithium ion batteries is abnormal or not, wherein the detection results are as follows:
incidentally, the battery capacity used was 4200 mAH;
in summary, 50 groups of lithium ion batteries are taken, and the method for shortening formation detection of the lithium ion batteries provided by the invention is used for detecting the cycle performance of the detected lithium ion batteries, so that the optimized batteries still have excellent cycle performance.
Example 4
Comparing the time for formation detection by using the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion battery provided by the invention with the time for formation detection by using a conventional method by using 99 groups of lithium ion batteries, and confirming whether the method for shortening the formation detection of the lithium ion battery provided by the invention is used for optimizing the lithium ion battery and can shorten the formation detection time of the lithium ion battery or not, wherein the detection results are as follows:
incidentally, the battery capacity used was 4200mAH in units of min;
in summary, 99 groups of lithium ion batteries are taken, and the time for performing formation detection by using the method for shortening formation detection of lithium ion batteries provided by the invention is compared with the time for performing formation detection by using a conventional method, so that the total time for performing formation detection of lithium ion batteries is shortened by 200min compared with the total time for performing formation detection of conventional lithium ion batteries.
The working principle is as follows: aiming at the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, the method provides that in the process of first full charge of the lithium ion battery, a charger is used for carrying out low current charge for 30min under the condition of 0.1C constant current, then, high current charge is continued under the condition of 0.5C constant current until the voltage reaches 4.0V, finally, low current full charge is continued under the condition of 0.2C constant current and constant voltage, the voltage in full charge is 4.2V, during formation detection, the fully charged lithium ion battery is discharged under the condition of 0.5C constant current, and the discharged lithium ion battery is charged to the shipment voltage under the condition of 0.5C constant current and constant voltage; by the process, lithium is not separated from the surface of the negative electrode of the battery in a full-charge state, various performances of the battery are not affected, the total time of formation detection is shortened by 200min compared with the prior art, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for shortening formation detection of a lithium ion battery is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, charging the lithium ion battery with low current, and charging the lithium ion battery for 30min under the constant current condition of 0.1 ℃ by using a charger;
s2, charging the lithium ion battery with high current, and continuing to charge the lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C after the charging of the lithium ion battery with low current is finished until the voltage reaches 4.0V;
s3, the lithium ion battery is fully charged with small current, the lithium ion battery reaching 4.0V is continuously fully charged with the constant current and the constant voltage of 0.2C, the voltage at the time of full charge is 4.2V, and the cut-off current is 0.02C;
s4, discharging the lithium ion battery, and discharging the fully charged lithium ion battery under the constant current condition of 0.5C;
and S5, recharging the lithium ion battery, and charging the discharged lithium ion battery to the delivery voltage under the condition of constant current and constant voltage of 0.5C.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: c in 0.1C in step 1 represents the charging rate of the rechargeable battery, and if the rated capacity 1C of the rechargeable battery is 1100mAh, it represents that the discharging time can last for 1 hour at 1100mAh, and the 0.1C charging can last for 10 hours at 100mA current, and the discharging time can also be calculated according to the comparison.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: after the constant current charging is carried out for 30min in the step 1, the charging capacity of the lithium ion battery reaches one tenth of the charging rated capacity of the lithium ion battery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and 2, the current used in the 0.5C constant current charging is 500mA, and when the lithium ion battery is charged, the lithium ion battery is electrically connected with a voltage monitor with a display screen, and the voltage monitor is used for monitoring the voltage change of the lithium ion battery when the lithium ion battery is charged.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the step 3, the current used by the 0.2C constant current and the constant voltage is 200mA, and the voltage is 4.2V.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and 3, when the ion battery is fully charged in the step 3, no lithium is separated from the surface of the negative electrode, and the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is a carbon material.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: step 1, step 3, the lithium ion battery is charged by adopting a charger electrically connected with the lithium ion battery, and then the charger is electrically connected with a power supply, and the charger is set to be a current-adjustable charger.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and 4, the voltage of the lithium ion battery after discharging is 3.2V, the lithium ion battery is discharged in a manner that a balance charger is electrically connected with the lithium ion battery, the balance charger is electrically connected with a power supply, and the balance charger selects a discharging mode to perform discharging operation on the lithium ion battery.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the current used by the constant current in the step 4 and the step 5 is 500mA, the voltage used by the constant voltage in the step 5 is 4.2V, and the shipment voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.7V-3.9V.
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