CN112285036B - Frequency-reducing synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system - Google Patents
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- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/255—Details, e.g. use of specially adapted sources, lighting or optical systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sample optical detection, in particular to a down-conversion synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system, a light beam emitted by a pulse laser light source is divided into a detection light beam and a pumping light beam by a beam splitting sheet, the detection light beam is focused on a tested sample after passing through a white light generating device, the detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample is focused and then is emitted into a spectrometer, the spectrometer, a signal acquisition card and a control system are sequentially connected in series, the pumping light beam is emitted into a laser wavelength conversion device after passing through a chopper and a retroreflector, the light beam emitted by the laser wavelength conversion device is focused on a position where the detection light beam coincides with the tested sample, the pulse laser light source and the chopper are respectively connected with a chopper controller, the chopper controller, a digital delay pulse generator and the signal acquisition card are sequentially connected in series, and the output signal frequency of the digital delay pulse generator is 2 times the output signal frequency of the chopper. The invention can realize the down-conversion synchronization to obtain the ultra-fast transient absorption test result with high signal to noise ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical detection of samples, in particular to a down-conversion synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system.
Background
In a general ultra-fast transient absorption test system, a pulse laser generates a pulse laser with a spectral center of 800nm and a repetition frequency of 1kHz, and is divided into 2 beams by a beam splitting system, namely a pump beam and a probe beam, wherein the probe beam is expanded to a required detection wavelength by a nonlinear system, and the pump beam changes the wavelength to a characteristic absorption peak of a sample by utilizing a nonlinear effect. In the test process, the pump beam is down-converted to 500Hz after passing through the chopper, the pump beam passes through the linear translation stage in the propagation process, the linear translation stage can change the optical path of the pump beam reaching the tested sample, the probe beam and the pump beam coincide with the tested sample, the spectrometer receives the probe beam penetrating through the tested sample, and the ultra-fast transient absorption test result can be expressed as:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of To the intensity of the probe beam transmitted through the sample under test under excitation of the sample by the pump beam pulse,/>For the intensity of the probe beam transmitted through the sample under test without excitation by the pump beam pulse. In the test process, the synchronization module acquires the phase information of the chopper and combines the phase information of the detection light beam to enable the data acquisition and processing module to acquire the condition that the pumping light beam excites the tested sample, so that the excitation condition of the excited light beam of the sample when each transmitted detection light beam pulse collected by the spectrometer is transmitted through the tested sample is accurately acquired.
However, under some measurement conditions, the transmittance of the tested sample to the probe beam is extremely low, and a general ultra-fast transient absorption test method is adopted, so that the spectrometer can only collect the light intensity information of one pulse of the transmitted probe beam in each measurement stage, the light intensity of the transmitted probe beam received by the spectrometer is extremely low, the obtained ultra-fast transient absorption signal intensity is extremely low through an ultra-fast transient absorption signal intensity calculation formula, the signal to noise ratio is extremely poor, the experimental precision and the experimental accuracy are seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the noise influence is eliminated by adopting a method of averaging through multiple measurements due to the fact that the signal quantity is too small, so that the test period is greatly prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a frequency-reducing synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system, which can realize frequency-reducing synchronization when the transmittance of a tested sample to a detection light beam is extremely low, integrate the detection light beam in time, obtain an ultrafast transient absorption test result with high signal-to-noise ratio on the premise of not changing an original laser system, and has high measurement precision and short test period.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system of down conversion, including pulse laser light source, beam splitting piece, white light generating device, spectrum appearance, chopper controller, linear translation platform, retroreflector, laser wavelength conversion device, digital delay pulse generator, signal acquisition card and control system, the light beam that pulse laser light source sent divides into detection beam and pump beam after beam splitting piece, wherein the detection beam focus in the sample department of being tested after white light generating device, the detection beam focus of being passed through the sample of being tested in the spectrum appearance, signal acquisition card and control system are established ties in proper order through the circuit, the pump beam passes through the chopper and locates the retroreflector on the linear translation platform after penetrating into laser wavelength conversion device, just the light beam focus that laser wavelength conversion device sent on the sample of being tested with detection beam coincidence position department, pulse laser light source and chopper link to each other with chopper controller through the circuit respectively, chopper controller, digital delay pulse generator, signal acquisition card are in proper order through the circuit, and digital delay pulse generator output signal frequency is chopper output frequency 2 times.
The detection light beam is reflected by the first reflecting mirror and then enters the white light generating device, and the light beam emitted by the white light generating device is focused at the tested sample after being reflected by the first concave mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the second concave mirror in sequence.
The detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample is reflected by the third concave mirror and focused by the first focusing mirror in sequence and then enters the spectrometer.
The pumping light beam is emitted into the chopper, the light beam output by the chopper is reflected by the third reflector and is emitted into the retroreflector arranged on the linear translation stage, and the light beam emitted by the retroreflector in the parallel opposite direction is reflected by the fourth reflector and is emitted into the laser wavelength conversion device.
And the light beam emitted by the laser wavelength conversion device sequentially passes through the fifth reflecting mirror and the second focusing mirror and is focused on the position, which is overlapped with the detection light beam, of the tested sample.
The white light generating device comprises a linear filter, an aperture diaphragm, a focusing mirror and a sapphire crystal which are arranged in a straight line along the propagation direction of the light beam.
The laser wavelength conversion device comprises a half-wave plate, a frequency doubling crystal, a Greenland prism and a high-reflection mirror which are arranged in a straight line along the propagation direction of the light beam.
The probe beam focus falls on the sample under test and the pump beam focus is located behind the sample under test.
The pump beam transmitted through the sample under test is blocked by a shutter.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. When the transmittance of the tested sample to the detection light beam is extremely low, the invention can realize the down-conversion synchronization, so that the spectrometer can completely collect the time integral signal of the detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample under the excitation of the pumping light beam output by the chopper, and the ultra-fast transient absorption test result with high signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained on the premise of not changing the original laser system, thereby having high measurement precision and short test period.
2. The invention can drive the retroreflector to move linearly by using the linear translation stage according to the requirement, thereby changing the optical path of the pumping beam.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention,
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the white light generating device of figure 1,
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser wavelength conversion device of figure 1,
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the probe beam as it is spectrally broadened by the white light generating means,
Figure 5 is a frequency diagram of the pump beam at 4 times down-conversion by the chopper,
Figure 6 is a frequency diagram of the pump beam at 8 times down-conversion by the chopper,
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition frequency of the signal acquisition card when the pump beam is down-converted by a factor of 4,
Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition frequency of the signal acquisition card when the pump beam is 8 times down-converted,
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of complete comparison of the acquisition frequency of the signal acquisition card and the original laser frequency in 4-time frequency reduction and 8-time frequency reduction.
Wherein 1 is a pulse laser light source, 2 is a beam splitting sheet, 3 is a first reflecting mirror, 4 is a second reflecting mirror, 5 is a third reflecting mirror, 6 is a fourth reflecting mirror, 7 is a fifth reflecting mirror, 8 is a first concave mirror, 9 is a second concave mirror, 10 is a third concave mirror, 11 is a white light generating device, 111 is a linear filter, 112 is an aperture diaphragm, 113 is a focusing mirror, 114 is a sapphire crystal, 12 is a sample to be tested, 13 is a first focusing mirror, 14 is a second focusing mirror, 15 is a spectrometer, 16 is a chopper, 17 is a chopper controller, 18 is a linear translation stage, 19 is a linear translation stage controller, 20 is a retroreflector, 21 is a laser wavelength conversion device, 211 is a half-wave plate, 212 is a frequency doubling crystal, 213 is a glaring prism, 214 is a high reflecting mirror, 22 is a digital delay pulse generator, 23 is a signal acquisition card, 24 is a light shielding plate, and 25 is a control system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention comprises a pulse laser light source 1, a beam splitting sheet 2, a white light generating device 11, a spectrometer 15, a chopper 16, a chopper controller 17, a linear translation stage 18, a retroreflector 20, a laser wavelength conversion device 21, a digital delay pulse generator 22, a signal acquisition card 23, a shading plate 24, a control system 25, a plurality of reflecting mirrors, a plurality of concave mirrors and a plurality of focusing mirrors, wherein a light beam emitted by the pulse laser light source 1 is split into a detection beam and a pumping beam after being reflected by the beam splitting sheet 2, the detection beam is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 3 and then enters the white light generating device 11, and the light beam emitted by the white light generating device 11 is reflected by the first concave mirror 8, the second reflecting mirror 4 and the second concave mirror 9 and then focused on a tested sample 12 in sequence, wherein the detection beam is reflected and collimated by the first concave mirror 8 into a parallel light beam, reflected by the third concave mirror 9 and focused on the tested sample 12, and the focused beam is just dropped on the tested sample 12, the detection beam transmitted by the tested sample 12 is collimated by the third concave mirror 9 into a parallel light beam through the first reflecting mirror 10 and then passes through the first reflecting mirror 25 and the parallel light beam through the control system 15 and the serial control system.
As shown in fig. 1, the pump beam is incident into the chopper 16, the beam output by the chopper 16 is reflected by the third reflector 5 and is incident into the retroreflector 20 arranged on the linear translation stage 18, the beam emitted by the retroreflector 20 in the parallel opposite direction is reflected by the fourth reflector 6 and is incident into the laser wavelength conversion device 21, the beam emitted by the laser wavelength conversion device 21 is focused on the tested sample 12 at the position overlapping with the probe beam after passing through the fifth reflector 7 and the second focusing mirror 14 in sequence, the focal point is positioned at the position 3cm behind the tested sample 12, the spot size of the pump beam on the tested sample 12 is 2 times to 2.5 times the spot size of the probe beam, and the pump beam transmitted through the tested sample 12 is blocked by the blocking plate 24.
As shown in fig. 1, the pulse laser light source 1 and the chopper 16 are respectively connected with the chopper controller 17 through lines, and the chopper controller 17, the digital delay pulse generator 22 and the signal acquisition card 23 are sequentially connected in series through lines. As shown in fig. 1, the linear translation stage 18 is controlled by a mating linear translation stage controller 19.
As shown in fig. 2, the white light generating device 11 includes a linear filter 111, an aperture stop 112, a focusing mirror 113 and a sapphire crystal 114, which are arranged in a straight line along a beam propagation direction, wherein the linear filter 111 is used for attenuating laser energy, the aperture stop 112 is used for adjusting a beam section size, the focusing mirror 113 focuses an incident parallel probe beam, and a focus is just on the sapphire crystal 114, and the sapphire crystal 114 widens a beam with a center wavelength of 800nm into a broad-spectrum laser beam with a wavelength range of 430nm to 1100 nm. The linear filter 111, aperture stop 112, focusing mirror 113, and sapphire crystal 114 are well known in the art and commercially available products.
As shown in fig. 3, the laser wavelength conversion device 21 includes a half-wave plate 211, a frequency doubling crystal 212, a grazing prism 213, and a high-reflection mirror 214, which are arranged in a straight line along the propagation direction of the light beam. The half-wave plate 211, frequency doubling crystal 212, gram prism 213, and high reflection mirror 214 are all well known in the art and commercially available products.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
When the invention works, the pulse laser source 1 emits pulse laser with the spectral center of 800nm and the repetition frequency of 1kHz, and is divided into 2 beams by the beam splitting sheet 2, wherein the reflected beam is a detection beam, and the transmitted beam is a pumping beam.
The spectrum broadening is realized when the probe beam passes through the white light generating device 11, the white light generating device 11 broadens the center wavelength of 800nm into a broad spectrum laser beam with the wavelength range of 430 nm-1100 nm, the broadening schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, the broadened probe beam is finally focused on the tested sample 12 after passing through the first concave mirror 8, the second reflecting mirror 4 and the second concave mirror 9, and the focus is just positioned on the tested sample 12.
The pump beam is down-converted when passing through the chopper 16, the down-converted pump beam continuously outputs a pulse beam in a transmission state of the chopper 16, the time interval of the beam is 1ms (the pulse period of the original pulse laser with the repetition frequency of 1 kHz), no laser is output in a blocking state of the chopper 16, the chopping down-conversion result is shown in fig. 5-6, wherein fig. 5 is a schematic diagram when the frequency is 4 times down, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram when the frequency is 8 times down-converted, the down-converted pump beam is incident into a retroreflector 20 fixed on a movable platform of a linear translation stage 18, the linear translation stage 18 controls the movement amount with the linear direction through a linear translation stage controller 19, the retroreflector 20 can reflect the incident beam in a mode of opposite to the parallel direction, the movable platform of the linear translation stage 18 drives the retroreflector 20 to move in the linear direction, the optical path of the pump beam can be changed, the wavelength of the pump beam reflected by the retroreflector 20 is changed to the characteristic peak of a tested sample 12 through a laser wavelength changing device 21, and finally focused to the tested sample 12, and the focal point is 3cm 2 times larger than the tested sample after the tested sample is detected at the small spot 2 times the tested sample.
The frequency-reducing synchronization principle of the invention is as follows: in the down-conversion process, the pulse laser source 1 generates a pulse signal synchronous with the original laser pulse to trigger the chopper controller 17, the chopper controller 17 controls the rotation speed and the phase of the chopper 16, so that the chopper 16 can down-convert the original 1kHz pulse beam in an even-number form as shown in fig. 5-6, as can be seen from fig. 5-6, the down-converted pump beam can continuously pass through 1 or more pulses in the transmission state of the chopper 16, no laser is output in the shielding state of the chopper 16, the transmission state has the same duration as the shielding state, the chopper controller 17 simultaneously generates a pulse signal with the same frequency as the down-converted pump beam output by the chopper 16, and transmits the pulse signal with the frequency which is 2 times of the frequency of the pump beam output by the chopper 16 to the signal acquisition card 23 through a circuit, as shown in fig. 7-8, the up-converted pulse signal is only controlled by the signal acquisition card 23 in the condition that the signal acquisition card can acquire the half-converted signal output by the chopper 16 in each acquisition period, namely, the sample signal is completely detected in the two-time periods of the up-converted signal acquisition time of the chopper 16 in the up-converted signal acquisition time interval of the sample 12, and the sample is completely detected in the two-time periods of the up-converted signal acquisition time of the sample 12 in the up-converted signal acquisition time of the sample 12. As shown in FIG. 9, the time integral signal of the detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample 12 under a specific condition is collected, so that a larger signal quantity and a higher signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained in the process of one collection, and an accurate and high-precision test result can be obtained under the condition that the transmittance of the tested sample to the detection light beam is extremely low on the premise that the original 1kHz pulse laser light source is not changed in an ultrafast transient absorption experiment, so that the test time is saved.
In this embodiment, the manufacturer of the spectrometer 15 is Avantas, and the model is AvaSpec-ULS2048CL-EVO-RS; the manufacturers of the chopper 16 and the chopper controller 17 are New Focus, and the model is 3051 Optical Chopper; the manufacturers of the linear translation stage 18 and the linear translation stage controller 19 are Aerotech, and the model is ALS10045-S-M-10-MT-LT45AS-CM; the manufacturer of the retroreflector 20 is PLX inc, model no-25-3C; the manufacturer of the digital delay pulse generator 22 is Stanford RESEARCH SYSTEMS, inc, and the model is DG645; the manufacturer of the signal acquisition card 23 is National Instruments, and the model is PCI-6602.
Claims (7)
1. A frequency-reducing synchronous ultrafast transient absorption test system is characterized in that: the laser pulse light source comprises a pulse laser light source (1), a beam splitting sheet (2), a white light generating device (11), a spectrometer (15), a chopper (16), a chopper controller (17), a linear translation stage (18), a retroreflector (20), a laser wavelength conversion device (21), a digital delay pulse generator (22), a signal acquisition card (23) and a control system (25), wherein a light beam emitted by the pulse laser light source (1) is split into a detection light beam and a pump light beam after passing through the beam splitting sheet (2), wherein the detection light beam is focused on a tested sample (12) after passing through the white light generating device (11), the detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample (12) is focused and then enters the spectrometer (15), a signal acquisition card (23) and the control system (25) are sequentially connected in series through lines, the pump light beam is emitted into the chopper (16) and the laser wavelength conversion device (21) after passing through the chopper (20) arranged on the linear translation stage (18), the light beam is focused on the tested sample (12) and coincides with the detection light beam, and the chopper controller (17) is connected with the chopper controller (17) through the chopper (16) in a digital delay mode respectively, the signal acquisition cards (23) are sequentially connected in series through lines;
the focus of the detection beam falls on the sample (12) to be tested, and the focus of the pumping beam is positioned behind the sample (12) to be tested;
the pump beam transmitted through the sample (12) to be tested is blocked and intercepted by a light shielding plate (24);
In the frequency reduction process, a pulse signal synchronous with an original laser pulse is generated by a pulse laser light source (1) to trigger a chopper controller (17), the chopper controller (17) controls a chopper (16) to reduce the frequency of the original pulse beam in an even-number mode, the pump beam subjected to frequency reduction continuously passes through 1 or more pulses in the transmission state of the chopper (16), no laser is output in the shielding state of the chopper (16), the chopper controller (17) simultaneously generates a pulse signal with the same frequency as the frequency of the pump beam subjected to frequency reduction, which is output by the chopper (16), and the pulse signal is transmitted to a digital delay pulse generator (22) through a circuit, the digital delay pulse generator (22) outputs a pulse signal which is 2 times the frequency of the pump beam, the pulse signal is transmitted to a signal acquisition card (23), and a spectrometer (15) is controlled by the signal acquisition card (23) to acquire only signals in half periods, which are output by the chopper (16), so as to completely acquire time integrated signals of detection beams, which are transmitted through a tested sample (12) under the excitation of the pump beam, which is output by the chopper (16).
2. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the detection light beam is reflected by the first reflecting mirror (3) and then is emitted into the white light generating device (11), and the light beam emitted by the white light generating device (11) is focused at the tested sample (12) after being reflected by the first concave mirror (8), the second reflecting mirror (4) and the second concave mirror (9) in sequence.
3. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the detection light beam transmitted through the tested sample (12) is reflected by the third concave mirror (10) and focused by the first focusing mirror (13) in sequence and then enters the spectrometer (15).
4. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the pump beam is emitted into the chopper (16), and the beam output by the chopper (16) is reflected by the third reflector (5) and is emitted into the retroreflector (20) arranged on the linear translation stage (18), and the beam emitted by the retroreflector (20) in the parallel opposite direction is reflected by the fourth reflector (6) and is emitted into the laser wavelength conversion device (21).
5. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the light beam emitted by the laser wavelength conversion device (21) sequentially passes through the fifth reflecting mirror (7) and the second focusing mirror (14) and is focused on the position, overlapped with the detection light beam, of the tested sample (12).
6. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the white light generating device (11) includes a linear filter (111), an aperture stop (112), a focusing mirror (113), and a sapphire crystal (114) arranged in a straight line along a beam propagation direction.
7. The down-conversion synchronized ultra-fast transient absorption test system of claim 1, wherein: the laser wavelength conversion device (21) comprises a half-wave plate (211), a frequency doubling crystal (212), a gram prism (213) and a high-reflection mirror (214) which are arranged in a straight line along the beam propagation direction.
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用于瞬态高强度辐射场探测的单次快脉冲采集系统;程晓磊;李斌康;范如玉;田晓霞;阮林波;田耕;;清华大学学报(自然科学版);20091115(第11期);全文 * |
飞秒钛宝石放大激光脉冲的载波包络相位测量与控制;朱江峰;杜强;王向林;滕浩;韩海年;魏志义;侯洵;;物理学报;20081215(第12期);第7755页、图2 * |
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