CN112284984B - Solid surface energy measuring device and method based on light reflection - Google Patents
Solid surface energy measuring device and method based on light reflection Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003703 image analysis method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
- G01N2013/0208—Investigating surface tension of liquids by measuring contact angle
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid surface energy measuring device and a method based on light reflection, wherein the device comprises a light source, a light beam control element and a light beam regulating element, wherein the light source is used for generating parallel beam expansion light beams, the light beam control element and the light beam regulating element are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the parallel beam expansion light beams, and the light beam regulating element is used for dividing the parallel beam expansion light beams into at least three incident light beams; each incident light beam irradiates a corresponding liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected, and forms a reflection light spot on the observation screen; the acquisition device is used for acquiring the reflected light spots, and the output end of the acquisition device is connected with the evaluation system; according to the invention, by utilizing a light reflection principle, a plurality of reflection light spots are obtained, and the contact angle between liquid drops and the solid surface to be measured is obtained by utilizing the diameter difference of the plurality of reflection light spots, so that the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured is obtained by calculation; the method has the advantages of high light sensitivity, resolvable measurement result, simple measurement process, low cost, high efficiency, no damage, non-contact and high precision and quick measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface energy measurement, and particularly relates to a solid surface energy measurement device and method based on light reflection.
Background
Surface energy is a visual manifestation of intermolecular forces, liquid or solid surface molecules are affected by unbalanced intermolecular forces, with additional energy compared to internal molecules; the surface energy can be divided into solid surface energy and liquid surface energy, and the measurement of the solid surface energy has important guiding function on theoretical research and production practice in the fields of porous materials, welding, molecular sieves and the like; the measurement of the surface energy of a liquid is closely related to the technologies of manufacturing a cleaning agent, foam separation, wetting, decoloring, emulsification, catalysis and the like.
At present, the contact angle is the most direct and effective method in all solid surface energy measuring methods, and is essentially a calculation method based on a Young equation describing a solid-liquid-gas interface system; the existing methods for measuring the contact angle mainly comprise an image analysis method, an angle measurement method, a force measurement method, a light measurement method and the like; the image analysis method is to fit the outline of the liquid drop, and the contact angle is obtained by software calculation; the angle measurement method is used for measuring the contact angle by searching the contact angle, and the image analysis method and the angle measurement method have high requirements on photographing equipment, photographing environment and the like, and have optical blind areas; the force measurement method is mainly aimed at the liquid level of the plugboard, the surface tension of the liquid is required to be known, only one liquid can be measured, the requirement on the size of the solid plate is increased, the length of a contact line is required to be known, and the requirement on a liquid sample is larger; the optical measurement method can synchronously measure the tension and the contact angle of the liquid level of the inserting plate, can only measure one liquid, and has larger requirement on samples.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a solid surface energy measuring device and method based on light reflection, which are used for solving the technical problems of optical dead zone, incomplete measurement and large human error of measured liquid drops when the contact angle is adopted to measure the solid surface energy in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a solid surface energy measuring device based on light reflection, which comprises a light source, a light beam control element, a light path adjusting element, an observation screen, an acquisition device and an evaluation system, wherein the light beam control element is arranged on the light source; the light source is used for generating parallel beam expansion beams, and the beam control element and the beam regulating element are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the parallel beam expansion beams; the beam control element is used for adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam expansion beam, and the beam adjusting element is used for dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into at least three incident beams;
after the incident light beam irradiates the liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected, a reflected light beam is formed; an observation screen is horizontally arranged above the surface of the solid to be detected, and the reflected light beam forms a reflected light spot on the observation screen; the acquisition device is used for acquiring the reflection light spots on the observation screen, the output end of the acquisition device is connected with the evaluation system, and the evaluation system is used for calculating the surface energy of the solid to be measured according to the acquired reflection light spots.
Further, the light beam adjusting element comprises a first spectroscope, a second spectroscope, a third spectroscope, a fourth spectroscope, a fifth spectroscope, a first plane mirror and a second plane mirror;
the first spectroscope is arranged on the light path of the parallel beam expansion light beam, and the parallel beam expansion light beam passes through the first spectroscope to form a first reflected light beam and a first transmitted light beam; the first plane mirror and the second beam splitter are sequentially arranged on the light path of the first reflected light beam, the first reflected light beam sequentially reflects through the first plane mirror and the second beam splitter to form a first incident light beam, and the first incident light beam vertically irradiates on a first liquid drop on the solid surface to be detected;
the third spectroscope is arranged on the light path of the first transmission light beam, and the first transmission light beam passes through the third spectroscope to form a second reflection light beam and a second transmission light beam; the second plane mirror and the fourth spectroscope are sequentially arranged on the light path of the second reflected light beam, the second reflected light beam sequentially reflects through the second plane mirror and the fourth spectroscope to form a second incident light beam, and the second incident light beam vertically irradiates on a second liquid drop on the solid surface to be detected;
the fifth spectroscope is arranged on the light path of the second transmission light beam, the second horizontal light beam forms a third incident light beam after being reflected by the fifth spectroscope, and the third incident light beam vertically irradiates on a third liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected.
Furthermore, the first spectroscope, the second spectroscope, the third spectroscope, the fourth spectroscope and the fifth spectroscope all adopt semi-transparent semi-reflective mirrors.
Further, the light source comprises a laser, a beam expander and a convex lens, wherein the laser is used for emitting parallel beams, and the beam expander and the convex lens are sequentially arranged on the light path of the parallel beams and used for adjusting the parallel beams into parallel beam expansion beams.
Furthermore, the beam control element adopts a round hole-shaped diaphragm, and the round hole-shaped diaphragm is provided with scale values.
Further, the observation screen adopts optical ground glass.
The invention also provides a solid surface energy measuring method based on light reflection, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting at least three liquid drops on the surface of a solid to be detected;
step 2, turning on a light source, and adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam by utilizing a light beam control element to enable the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam to be more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop;
step 3, adjusting an optical path adjusting element, dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into at least three incident beams, enabling each incident beam to respectively irradiate the surface of the corresponding liquid drop, forming a reflection light spot on an observation screen after each incident beam is reflected by the corresponding liquid drop, and recording the diameter of each reflection light spot;
step 4, adjusting the distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured, recording the diameter of each reflection light spot after the adjustment of the observation screen, and calculating the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after the adjustment of the observation screen;
step 5, repeating the step 4, and at least obtaining the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after adjustment of the three groups of observation screens;
step 6, adjusting the diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots by using a plurality of groups of observation screens, and calculating to obtain the contact angle of each liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured;
and 7, calculating the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured according to the contact angle of each liquid drop and the solid surface to be measured.
Further, in step 6, the mathematical expression of the contact angle between the droplet and the solid surface to be measured is:
wherein θ i The contact angle of the ith liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured;r Bi is the maximum radius of the ith drop; h is the initial distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured; d is the initial radius of the reflected light spot on the observation screen; r is (r) i The radius of the drop corresponding to the optical contact point on the ith drop; ΔD of i The diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots is vertically moved for the observation screen; Δh is the vertical movement distance of the viewing screen.
Further, in step 7, the surface energy γ of the solid surface to be measured s The mathematical expression of (2) is:
wherein,is the van der Waals component of the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />A lewis acid component which is the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />A lewis base component that is the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />Van der waals components of the surface energy of the ith droplet;a lewis acid component that is the surface energy of the ith droplet; />Is the lewis base component of the i-th droplet surface energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a solid surface energy measuring device and a method based on light reflection, which are characterized in that a plurality of reflection light spots are obtained by adjusting the distance between an observation screen and a solid surface to be measured by utilizing a light reflection principle, the contact angle between liquid drops and the solid surface to be measured is obtained by utilizing the diameter difference of the plurality of reflection light spots, the contact angle measuring process has lower requirements on measuring equipment and environment, no optical blind area exists, the synchronous measurement of various liquid contact angles is satisfied, and the rapid and accurate measurement of the solid surface energy to be measured is realized; the light sensitivity is higher, the measurement result can be resolved, the measurement process is simple, and the cost is lower; the method has the advantages of high efficiency, no damage, non-contact and high precision and rapid measurement.
Furthermore, the beam control element adopts a round hole-shaped diaphragm, and scale values are arranged on the round hole-shaped diaphragm, so that the accuracy and the rapidness of acquisition of the diameter of incident light are realized, and the accuracy of a measurement result is effectively improved.
Furthermore, the observation screen adopts the optical frosted glass, so that the reflected light beam can be imaged on the optical frosted glass, the imaged image can be observed from the back surface of the optical frosted glass, the generation of an optical blind area is avoided, the requirements of a reflected light spot acquisition device and an acquisition environment are reduced, the operation process is simple and easy, and the human error is effectively reduced.
Furthermore, by setting the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding beam to be more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop, the maximum radius of the liquid drop is obtained by utilizing the diameter of the parallel beam, independent measurement of the diameter of the liquid drop is not needed, and the accuracy of the measurement result is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a liquid droplet configuration on a solid surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical principle of the method for measuring the surface energy of a solid according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a solid surface energy measuring device according to an embodiment.
The device comprises a light source 1, a light beam control element 2, a solid surface to be detected 3, a liquid drop 4, an observation screen 5, a first spectroscope 6, a second spectroscope 7, a third spectroscope 8, a fourth spectroscope 9, a fifth spectroscope 10, a first plane mirror 11 and a second plane mirror 12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the following specific embodiments are used for further describing the invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a solid surface energy measuring device based on light reflection, which comprises a light source 1, a light beam control element 2, a light path adjusting element, an observation screen 5, an acquisition device and an evaluation system, wherein the light beam control element is arranged on the light source; the light source 1 is used for generating parallel beam expansion beams, and the beam control element 2 and the beam regulating element are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the parallel beam expansion beams; the beam control element 2 is used for adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam expansion beam to ensure that the diameter of the parallel beam expansion beam is more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop; the beam adjusting element is used for dividing the parallel beam-expanding beam into at least three incident beams.
At least three liquid drops 4 are arranged on the solid surface 3 to be measured, and the liquid surface energy of the liquid drops is known; the liquid drops 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the incident light beams, each incident light beam irradiates the corresponding liquid drop 4, and the incident light beam forms a reflected light beam after being reflected by the liquid drop; an observation screen 5 is arranged above the surface of the solid to be measured in parallel, and the reflected light beam forms a reflection light spot on the observation screen 5; the acquisition device is used for acquiring the reflection light spots on the observation screen 5, the output end of the acquisition device is connected with the evaluation system, and the evaluation system is used for calculating the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured according to the acquired reflection light spots.
In the invention, a light source 1 comprises a laser, a beam expander and a convex lens, wherein the laser is used for emitting parallel beams, and the beam expander and the convex lens are sequentially arranged on the light path of the parallel beams and are used for adjusting the parallel beams into parallel beam expansion beams; the beam control element 2 adopts a round hole-shaped diaphragm, and the round hole-shaped diaphragm is provided with scale values; the observation screen 5 adopts the optical frosted glass, so that the reflected light beam can be imaged on the optical frosted glass, the imaged image can be observed from the back of the glass, the generation of optical dead zones is avoided, the requirements of a reflected light spot acquisition device and the acquisition environment are reduced, and the operation process is simple and easy.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the solid surface energy based on light reflection, which comprises the following steps:
and step 1, setting at least three liquid drops on the surface of the solid to be detected.
And 2, turning on a light source, and adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam by utilizing a light beam control element to enable the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam to be more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop.
And 3, adjusting the light path adjusting element, dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into at least three incident beams, enabling each incident beam to respectively irradiate the surface of the corresponding liquid drop, forming a reflection light spot on the observation screen after each incident beam is reflected by the corresponding liquid drop, and recording the diameter of each reflection light spot.
And 4, adjusting the distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured, recording the diameter of each reflection light spot after the adjustment of the observation screen, and calculating the diameter difference of each reflection light spot before and after the adjustment of the observation screen.
And 5, repeating the step 4, and at least obtaining the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after adjustment of the three groups of observation screens.
Step 6, utilizing a plurality of groups of observation screens to adjust the diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots, and calculating to obtain the contact angle between each liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured; the mathematical expression of the contact angle of any one liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured is as follows:
wherein θ i The contact angle of the ith liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured; r is (r) Bi Is the maximum radius of the ith drop; h is the initial distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured; d is the initial radius of the reflected light spot on the observation screen; r is (r) i A droplet radius corresponding to a light contact point of an incident light beam on the ith droplet; ΔD of i The diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots is vertically moved for the observation screen; Δh is the vertical movement distance of the viewing screen.
Step 7, calculating the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured according to the contact angle of each liquid drop and the solid surface to be measured; the mathematical expression of the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured is as follows:
wherein,is the van der Waals component of the surface energy of the solid to be measured;
a lewis acid component which is the surface energy of the solid to be measured;
a lewis base component that is the surface energy of the solid to be measured;
is the van der Waals component of the surface energy of the ith droplet, known;
the lewis acid component, which is the surface energy of the ith droplet, is known;
is the lewis base component of the i-th droplet surface energy, is known.
Principle of measurement
As shown in fig. 1, when a droplet is disposed on a solid surface to be measured, the longitudinal profile of the droplet can be regarded as an arc with R as a radius.
And (3) recording: the maximum height of the liquid drop is Z m The maximum radius of the liquid drop is r B The contact angle of the liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be detected is theta, the radius of the liquid drop corresponding to the optical contact point of the incident light beam on the liquid drop is r, and the height of the liquid drop corresponding to the optical contact point of the incident light beam on the liquid drop is z.
From the geometrical relationship of the droplets on the solid surface, it is possible to:
r 2 +[z+(R-Z m )] 2 ＝R 2 (1)
as can be derived from the above formulas (1) - (3), the mathematical expression of the droplet height z corresponding to the optical contact point of the incident light beam on the droplet:
deriving the formula (4) above to obtain:
from the above formula (4) and the above formula (5), the mathematical expression of the contact angle θ of the liquid droplet with the solid surface to be measured is as follows:
from (6), it can be seen thatThe contact angle theta is the radius r of the droplet corresponding to the optical contact point of the incident light beam on the droplet, the maximum radius r of the droplet B And an expression of a drop height z corresponding to a point of optical contact of an incident light beam on the drop.
As shown in fig. 2, an incident beam with the width of 2d is vertically irradiated on the liquid drop, and the incident beam is reflected by the surface of the liquid drop to form a reflected beam; wherein, the included angle between the incident light beam and the reflected light beam is 2 theta;
the width of the reflection light spot of the reflection light beam on the observation screen is 2D, h represents the distance between the observation screen and the solid surface to be measured, and the height of the liquid drop corresponding to the light contact point of the incident light beam on the liquid drop can be obtained by giving the boundary light position of the incident light beam, namely, a group of (r, z) values are obtained.
From the geometric knowledge:
d＝r (7)
tanθ＝z′
if the viewing screen is moved by delta h in the vertical direction, then
Thereby:
according to the formula (9), the height of the liquid drop corresponding to the optical contact point of the incident light beam on the liquid drop can be obtained by utilizing the boundary light position of the incident light beam; thus, multiple sets (r,z) when scanning the boundary of the drop, the maximum radius r of the drop can be measured B Thereby tracing the surface profile of the droplet.
From the formula (6), the formula (9) and the formula (10):
thus, detecting a drop light reflection field can result in the drop contact angle, while scanning at least three different drops can result in at least three drop contact angles simultaneously.
In a solid-liquid-gas three-phase system described based on Yougs, s equation, the solid surface energy gamma s Surface energy gamma of liquid l Free energy gamma between solid and liquid interface sl Pi of solid surface film pressure 0 And relationship between contact angle θ:
γ s -π 0 -γ sl ＝γ l cosθ (12)
for low energy surfaces, the film pressure pi 0 Negligible, yougs, s equation is modified as:
γ s -γ sl ＝γ l cosθ (13)
the surface energy of the solid or liquid respectively comprises a van der Waals component gamma lw Lewis acid component gamma + Lewis component base gamma — The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Thus, the solid surface energy gamma s Surface energy gamma of liquid l The mathematical expressions of (a) are respectively:
the free energy of solid-liquid interface interactions can be expressed as a relationship with the surface energy of the respective solid and liquid:
substituting the formulas (14) to (16) into the formula (13) to obtain the relationship between the solid surface energy and the liquid surface energy and the contact angle between the solid surface energy and the liquid surface energy as follows:
thus, by measuring the solid surface with three knownAnd->The contact angle between the liquids of (2) can be used to obtain the surface energy component parameter of the solid, i.e. +.>And->While three are known +.>And->The contact angle between liquids in (2) is substituted into the formula (17) to obtain the surface energy component parameter value of the solid.
Examples
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides a solid surface energy measuring device based on light reflection, which comprises a light source 1, a light beam control element 2, a light path adjusting element, an observation screen 5, an acquisition device and an evaluation system; the light source 1 is used for generating parallel beam expansion beams, the beam control element 2 and the beam adjusting element are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the parallel beam expansion beams, the beam control element 2 is used for adjusting the diameters of the parallel beam expansion beams, and the diameters of the parallel beam expansion beams are more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of liquid drops; the beam adjusting element is used for dividing the parallel beam-expanding beam into three incident beams.
Three liquid drops 4 are arranged on the solid surface 3 to be measured, the liquid drops 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the incident light beams, and each incident light beam irradiates the corresponding liquid drop 4; an observation screen 5 is horizontally arranged above the solid surface 3 to be measured, and the observation screen 5 can vertically translate above the solid surface 3 to be measured; the incident light beam is reflected by the liquid drop 4 to form a reflected light beam, and the reflected light beam forms a reflected light spot on the observation screen 5; the acquisition device is used for acquiring the reflection light spots on the observation screen 5, the output end of the acquisition device is connected with the evaluation system, and the evaluation system is used for calculating the surface energy of the solid to be measured according to the acquired reflection light spots.
The beam adjusting element comprises a first spectroscope 6, a second spectroscope 7, a third spectroscope 8, a fourth spectroscope 9, a fifth spectroscope 10, a first plane mirror 11 and a second plane mirror 12; the first spectroscope 6 is arranged behind the beam control element 2 and is arranged on the optical path of the parallel beam expansion beam; after the parallel beam-expanding beam passes through the first spectroscope 6, a first reflected beam and a first transmitted beam are formed; the first plane mirror 11 and the second beam splitter 7 are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the first reflected light beam, the first reflected light beam is reflected by the first plane mirror 11 and the second beam splitter 7 in sequence, the reflected light forms a first incident light beam, and the first incident light beam vertically irradiates on the first liquid drop; the third spectroscope 8 is arranged on the optical path of the first transmission light beam, and the first transmission light beam passes through the third spectroscope 8 to form a second reflection light beam and a second transmission light beam; the second plane mirror 12 and the fourth spectroscope 9 are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the second reflected light beam, the second reflected light beam sequentially reflects through the second plane mirror 12 and the fourth spectroscope 9, the reflected light forms a second incident light beam, and the second incident light beam vertically irradiates on the second liquid drop; the fifth beam splitter 10 is disposed in the optical path of the second transmitted beam, and the second transmitted beam is reflected by the fifth beam splitter 10 to form a third incident beam, and the third incident beam is perpendicularly irradiated on the third liquid droplet.
In this embodiment, the light source 1 includes a laser, a beam expander and a convex lens, where the laser is used to emit parallel light beams, and the beam expander and the convex lens are sequentially disposed on the light path of the parallel light beams, and are used to adjust the parallel light beams into parallel expanded light beams; the beam control element 2 adopts a round hole-shaped diaphragm, and the round hole-shaped diaphragm is provided with scale values; the first spectroscope 6, the second spectroscope 7, the third spectroscope 8, the fourth spectroscope 9 and the fifth spectroscope 10 all adopt semi-transparent semi-reflective mirrors; the observation screen 5 adopts optical ground glass; the acquisition device adopts a camera and is used for capturing all liquid drop reflection light spots on the observation screen 5; the evaluation system adopts a computer which is used for storing, transmitting, calculating, displaying and other functions of the measurement information obtained by the acquisition device; the calculation process specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the theta of the contact angles of three liquid drops and the solid surface to be measured by using the mathematical expression of the contact angles of the liquid drops and the solid surface to be measured 1 ,θ 2 θ 3 The mathematical expression formula is:
the relationship formula among the contact angle of liquid drops, the surface energy of liquid and the surface energy of solid is as follows:
in particular, the method comprises the steps of,
wherein three dropletsIs->Are all known as θ 1 ,θ 2 θ 3 Can be measured; thus (S)>Is->Can be released so that the surface energy gamma of the fixation to be measured s The mathematical expression of (2) is:
the embodiment also provides a method for measuring the surface energy of a solid based on light reflection, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting three liquid drops on a surface to be measured;
step 2, turning on a light source, and adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam by utilizing a light beam control element to enable the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam to be more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop;
step 3, adjusting an optical path adjusting element, dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into three incident beams, enabling each incident beam to respectively irradiate the surface of the corresponding liquid drop, forming a reflection light spot on an observation screen after each incident beam is reflected by the corresponding liquid drop, and recording the diameter of each reflection light spot;
step 4, adjusting the distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured, recording the diameter of each reflection light spot after the adjustment of the observation screen, and calculating the diameter difference of each reflection light spot before and after the adjustment of the observation screen;
step 5, repeating the step 4 to obtain the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after adjustment of at least three groups of observation screens;
step 6, utilizing a plurality of groups of observation screens to adjust the diameter difference of the reflecting light spots before and after, and calculating to obtain the contact angle between each liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be detected; the mathematical expression of the contact angle of each liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured is as follows:
wherein θ i The contact angle of the ith liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured; r is (r) Bi Is the maximum radius of the ith drop; h is the initial distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured; d is the initial radius of the reflected light spot on the observation screen; r is (r) i The radius of the drop corresponding to the optical contact point on the ith drop; ΔD of i The diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots is vertically moved for the observation screen; Δh is the vertical movement distance of the viewing screen.
Step 7, calculating the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured according to the contact angle of each liquid drop and the solid surface to be measured; wherein, the mathematical expression of the surface energy of the fixed surface to be measured is:
wherein,is the van der Waals component of the surface energy of the solid to be measured;
a lewis acid component which is the surface energy of the solid to be measured;
lewis base as solid surface energy to be measuredA component;
van der waals components of the surface energy of the ith droplet;
a lewis acid component that is the surface energy of the ith droplet;
is the lewis base component of the i-th droplet surface energy.
According to the measuring device and the measuring method, by utilizing the light reflection principle, a plurality of reflection light spots are obtained by adjusting the distance between the observation screen and the solid surface to be measured, and the contact angle between liquid drops and the solid surface to be measured is obtained by utilizing the diameter difference of the plurality of reflection light spots, so that the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured is obtained by calculation; the invention is suitable for liquid with contact angle smaller than 90 degrees with the solid surface to be measured as liquid drop on the solid surface to be measured, can realize synchronous measurement of various liquid contact angles, realizes rapid and accurate measurement of the surface energy of the solid to be measured, has higher light sensitivity, can resolve measurement results, has simple measurement process and lower cost, and has the advantages of high efficiency, no damage, non-contact and high-precision rapid measurement.
The above embodiment is only one of the implementation manners capable of implementing the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the embodiment, but also includes any changes, substitutions and other implementation manners easily recognized by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A solid surface energy measurement method based on light reflection, characterized in that a solid surface energy measurement device based on light reflection is used; the solid surface energy measuring device based on light reflection comprises a light source (1), a light beam control element (2), a light path adjusting element, an observation screen (5), an acquisition device and an evaluation system; the light source (1) is used for generating parallel beam expansion beams, and the beam control element (2) and the beam regulating element are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the parallel beam expansion beams; the beam control element (2) is used for adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam expansion beam, and the beam adjusting element is used for dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into at least three incident beams;
after the incident light beam irradiates the liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected, a reflected light beam is formed; an observation screen (5) is arranged above the surface of the solid to be detected in parallel, and the reflected light beam forms a reflection light spot on the observation screen (5); the acquisition device is used for acquiring the reflection light spots on the observation screen (5), the output end of the acquisition device is connected with the evaluation system, and the evaluation system is used for calculating the surface energy of the solid to be measured according to the acquired reflection light spots;
the solid surface energy measurement method based on light reflection comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting at least three liquid drops on the surface of a solid to be detected;
step 2, turning on a light source, and adjusting the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam by utilizing a light beam control element to enable the diameter of the parallel beam-expanding light beam to be more than or equal to 2 times of the radius of the liquid drop;
step 3, adjusting an optical path adjusting element, dividing the parallel beam expansion beam into at least three incident beams, enabling each incident beam to respectively irradiate the surface of the corresponding liquid drop, forming a reflection light spot on an observation screen after each incident beam is reflected by the corresponding liquid drop, and recording the diameter of each reflection light spot;
step 4, adjusting the distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured, recording the diameter of each reflection light spot after the adjustment of the observation screen, and calculating the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after the adjustment of the observation screen;
step 5, repeating the step 4, and at least obtaining the diameter difference of the reflection light spots before and after adjustment of the three groups of observation screens;
step 6, adjusting the diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots by using a plurality of groups of observation screens, and calculating to obtain the contact angle of each liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured;
step 7, calculating the surface energy of the solid surface to be measured according to the contact angle of each liquid drop and the solid surface to be measured;
in step 6, the mathematical expression of the contact angle between the liquid drop and the solid surface to be measured is:
wherein θ i The contact angle of the ith liquid drop and the surface of the solid to be measured; r is (r) Bi Is the maximum radius of the ith drop; h is the initial distance between the observation screen and the surface of the solid to be measured; d is the initial radius of the reflected light spot on the observation screen; r is (r) i The radius of the drop corresponding to the optical contact point on the ith drop; ΔD of i The diameter difference of the front and rear reflection light spots is vertically moved for the observation screen; Δh is the vertical movement distance of the viewing screen.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the beam adjusting element comprises a first beam splitter (6), a second beam splitter (7), a third beam splitter (8), a fourth beam splitter (9), a fifth beam splitter (10), a first plane mirror (11) and a second plane mirror (12);
the first spectroscope (6) is arranged on the light path of the parallel beam expansion light beam, and the parallel beam expansion light beam passes through the first spectroscope (6) to form a first reflected light beam and a first transmitted light beam; the first plane mirror (11) and the second beam splitter (7) are sequentially arranged on the light path of the first reflected light beam, and the first reflected light beam sequentially reflects through the first plane mirror (11) and the second beam splitter (7) to form a first incident light beam which vertically irradiates on a first liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected;
the third spectroscope (8) is arranged on the light path of the first transmission light beam, and the first transmission light beam passes through the third spectroscope (8) to form a second reflection light beam and a second transmission light beam; the second plane mirror (12) and the fourth spectroscope (9) are sequentially arranged on the light path of the second reflected light beam, the second reflected light beam sequentially reflects through the second plane mirror (12) and the fourth spectroscope (9) to form a second incident light beam, and the second incident light beam vertically irradiates on a second liquid drop on the solid surface to be detected;
the fifth spectroscope (10) is arranged on the optical path of the second transmission light beam, the second horizontal light beam forms a third incident light beam after being reflected by the fifth spectroscope (10), and the third incident light beam vertically irradiates on a third liquid drop on the surface of the solid to be detected.
3. The method for measuring the surface energy of the solid based on the light reflection according to claim 2, wherein the first spectroscope (6), the second spectroscope (7), the third spectroscope (8), the fourth spectroscope (9) and the fifth spectroscope (10) are all semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light source (1) comprises a laser, a beam expander and a convex lens, the laser is used for emitting parallel light beams, and the beam expander and the convex lens are sequentially arranged on the light path of the parallel light beams and are used for adjusting the parallel light beams into parallel expanded light beams.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the beam control element (2) is a circular aperture, and the circular aperture is provided with graduation values.
6. A solid surface energy measurement method based on light reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that the viewing screen (5) is made of optically frosted glass.
7. The method for measuring the surface energy of a solid body based on light reflection according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7, the surface energy gamma of the solid body to be measured is calculated s The mathematical expression of (2) is:
wherein,is the van der Waals component of the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />A lewis acid component which is the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />A lewis base component that is the surface energy of the solid to be measured; />Van der waals components of the surface energy of the ith droplet; />A lewis acid component that is the surface energy of the ith droplet; />Is the lewis base component of the i-th droplet surface energy.
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