CN112281948A - Bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket - Google Patents
Bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281948A CN112281948A CN202011131209.3A CN202011131209A CN112281948A CN 112281948 A CN112281948 A CN 112281948A CN 202011131209 A CN202011131209 A CN 202011131209A CN 112281948 A CN112281948 A CN 112281948A
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- bottom cover
- bucket body
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- excavator
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/401—Buckets or forks comprising, for example, shock absorbers, supports or load striking scrapers to prevent overload
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/402—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors
- E02F3/404—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors comprising two parts movable relative to each other, e.g. for gripping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an excavator component, and particularly discloses an excavator bucket with adjustable bucket capacity, which comprises a bucket body and a bottom cover, wherein the lower ends of the bucket body and the bottom cover are hinged to rotate, the bucket capacity is reduced when the bottom cover rotates forwards, and otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased; the upper wall of the bucket body is provided with a guide groove, and the upper side of the bucket body is provided with a convex rib with a positioning groove; the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a guide block, the guide block extends to the upper part of the bucket body and is fixed with a locking seat, and a locking bolt is limited in the locking seat; the locking bolt can fall into the positioning groove to lock the bottom cover; the upper side of the bucket body is provided with a push-pull seat for adjusting the position of the locking bolt and an oil cylinder for driving the push-pull seat. The bucket has a bucket capacity adjusting function, can be adjusted according to actual working conditions, and can improve the working efficiency to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable work of the excavator; the bucket capacity is convenient and quick to adjust and operate, and time and labor are saved; need not to be equipped with reserve scraper bowl, reduced and equipped the acquisition cost, stopped that reserve scraper bowl produces consume the manpower in transportation and dismouting, reduce operating efficiency etc. not enough.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an accessory of excavating machinery, in particular to a bucket for excavating machinery.
Background
The bucket is an important component of the excavator, and the capacity, i.e., the bucket capacity, is one of the three most important parameters (the operating weight, the engine power and the bucket capacity) of the excavator. The bucket capacity of the original bucket is usually standard, and the original bucket cannot adapt to all working conditions, for example, for light materials with low density, a bucket with large bucket capacity should be selected to reduce power consumption and improve working efficiency, and for heavy materials with high density, a bucket with small bucket capacity should be selected to avoid overload of the excavator to ensure working stability. Consequently, the excavator need be equipped with the different scraper buckets of a plurality of bucket capacities usually, it is required to deal with different operating modes, this current situation has many-sided weak point, on the one hand, purchase the scraper bucket greatly increased cost input of a plurality of specifications, on the other hand, the scraper bucket is comparatively heavy usually, it is very inconvenient to transport and carry, especially the dismouting operation when changing is accomplished by the manual work usually, waste time and energy, the cost of labor is high, in addition on the one hand, the bucket capacity specification of scraper bucket is the step change, it is usually difficult to adjust the bucket capacity to best numerical value through the mode of changing the scraper bucket.
Meanwhile, in the continuous operation process of the excavator, the situation that the material density changes greatly back and forth along with the operation progress exists sometimes, for example, in an excavation project with a large depth span, the density of the soil on the upper layer is small, the density of the soil on the deep layer is large, and the density difference between the upper soil and the lower soil is obvious.
The bucket design recorded in the existing literature documents has the scheme that the bucket capacity is designed to be adjustable, but the adjustment structure based on the bucket design is not scientific, the stability is generally poor, the adjustment is not convenient and quick enough, particularly, the adopted parameters such as the shape, the curve and the size are different from the existing bucket, the requirement of the bucket processing parameters accumulated for a long time cannot be met, the good excavating performance cannot be realized, and the bucket design cannot be popularized and implemented due to the fact that the comprehensive technical effect is more beneficial.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bucket which is based on scientific and reasonable structural design, has a bucket capacity adjusting function, is convenient and quick to adjust and operate, retains the advantages of the core parameters of the existing bucket, and can obviously improve the operation efficiency of an excavator and ensure the working stability.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a bulged back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is opened to be frame-shaped, a first hinged part is arranged at the rear lower end of the bucket body, an arc-shaped part is arranged on the upper inner side wall of the bucket body, the geometric central axes of the arc-shaped part and the first hinged part are superposed and extend along the left-right direction, a guide groove extending front and back is formed in the upper wall of the bucket body, and a bottom cover is arranged at the rear part of the bucket body; the bottom cover is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second hinged part, and the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a guide block; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, and the guide block is positioned in the guide groove and can move along the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the upper end moves close to the arc-shaped part, and the left end and the right end move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; two convex ribs which extend forwards and backwards and are respectively positioned at two sides of the guide groove are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a plurality of positioning grooves which are equidistantly distributed forwards and backwards are formed in the upper end surface of each convex rib; the guide block extends to the upper part of the bucket body through the guide groove and is fixedly provided with a locking seat, and a locking bolt which can float up and down and is respectively positioned at the upper sides of the two convex ribs at two ends is limited in the locking seat; when the bottom cover rotates, the locking bolt is driven by an elastic piece, two ends of the locking bolt cling to the upper sides of the convex ribs to move and fall into the positioning grooves, and then the bottom cover cannot rotate to enable the bucket to maintain the set bucket capacity; the upper side of the bucket body is provided with a push-pull seat capable of moving back and forth along the convex rib and an oil cylinder for adjusting the position of the push-pull seat, the push-pull seat is provided with a concave arc-shaped groove, and the locking bolt penetrates through the arc-shaped groove; when the push-pull seat moves from one positioning groove to another positioning groove adjacent to the front and the back, the locking bolt is propped by the curved surface of the arc-shaped groove and moves upwards to move out of the positioning groove, then the locking bolt is pulled by the arc-shaped groove and moves along the convex rib, finally the locking bolt is driven by the elastic piece to fall into the other positioning groove, and the bottom cover rotates in the process to realize bucket capacity adjustment.
Further, the sideboard on be equipped with through the side sword that the bolt was fixed, the sideboard on be equipped with through the guard plate that the bolt was fixed, bucket body downside install the antifriction plate, two bights of bucket body front upper end all install the scute that improves bucket body intensity.
Furthermore, two guide rails respectively distributed on two sides of the guide groove are arranged on the arc-shaped part, two sliding blocks respectively matched with the two guide rails are arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover, and the sliding blocks slide along the guide rails in the rotating process of the bottom cover; still further, the cross-section of the guide rail is T-shaped, and the sliding block is provided with a T-shaped groove matched with the sliding block.
Furthermore, the left and right inner side walls of the bucket body are respectively provided with a guide groove extending along an arc shape, the left and right ends of the bottom cover are respectively fixed with a guide pin, and the two guide pins are respectively inserted into the two guide grooves; in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the two guide pins respectively move in the two guide grooves; still further, the outside of the bucket body is provided with a reinforcing plate corresponding to the position of the guide groove.
Furthermore, the first hinge part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the hopper body, and the second hinge part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part and the second hinge part are in complementary butt joint and are provided with rotating shafts in a penetrating mode.
Compared with the prior art, the excavator bucket with the adjustable bucket capacity has the following technical effects:
the bucket of the excavator has a bucket capacity adjusting function, the bucket capacity of the bucket can be adjusted in a stepless manner according to actual working conditions, and the operation efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the excavator; the bucket capacity is adjusted on the basis of the power provided by the oil cylinder to adjust the position of the locking bolt, manual operation is not needed, the bucket capacity adjusting device is convenient, quick, time-saving and labor-saving, and is particularly suitable for flexibly adjusting the bucket capacity in the midway of operation according to actual needs; the bucket has the bucket capacity adjusting function, so that spare buckets with different specifications do not need to be prepared according to the bucket capacity, the equipment purchase cost is greatly reduced, and the defects of manpower consumption, operation efficiency influence and the like caused by the conventional spare bucket in the transportation, carrying, dismounting and mounting operations are overcome; in the bucket, the bucket body is used as a main body of the bucket and is a main component for determining the overall excavating performance of the bucket, and parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body do not have special requirements in the scheme, so that when the bucket is implemented, the bucket body can adopt the structural form of the main body part of the existing bucket to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as contribution to material flowing, easiness in discharging materials, difficulty in spilling materials and the like, and therefore the bucket is ensured to have good comprehensive excavating performance, meanwhile, the bucket capacity adjustment of the bucket is realized based on the rotation of a bottom cover, the form of the bucket body is kept constant, and the bucket capacity adjustment cannot obviously influence the excavating performance of the bucket; this scraper bowl is at the working process, and bottom and bucket body provide the locking action and prevent relative rotation by the fitting pin with the constant head tank for the bottom is enough stable with the cooperation structure of bucket body, and the bucket holds can not change in the use, and the bottom can not break away from with the bucket body even more, simultaneously because the hydro-cylinder only is in operating condition at the in-process of adjusting the bucket and holding, and does not shoulder the task of locking bottom and bucket body relative position, so can guarantee the job stabilization nature and the longer working life of hydro-cylinder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the excavator bucket.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the excavator bucket.
Fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of the excavator bucket.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the excavator bucket.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bucket body.
FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the bucket body.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the bottom cover.
Fig. 8 is a partial structure view of the upper end of the bottom cover.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push-pull seat and the cooperation of the push-pull seat and the oil cylinder.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the bucket capacity adjustment of the excavator bucket.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the locking bolt being moved out of the positioning groove by the arcuate groove during the movement of the push-pull seat.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the state of the locking bolt driven by the arcuate groove to move along the rib during the movement of the push-pull seat.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the locking pin being driven by the elastic member to fall into another positioning groove.
Fig. 14 is one of state diagrams of the excavator bucket when the bucket capacity is adjusted to be medium.
Fig. 15 is a second state diagram of the excavator bucket when the bucket capacity is adjusted to be at the middle level.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the excavator bucket with an elastic fence added.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the excavator bucket with the addition of the shroud.
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control system automatically adjusting bucket capacity based on load data.
In the figure, 1, a tooth base plate, 2, a wear-resisting plate, 3, a rotating shaft, 4, a bottom cover, 401, an arc-shaped plate, 402, a bottom plate, 403, a strip-shaped plate, 5, a protection plate, 6, a bucket body, 601, a wall plate, 602, an upper side plate, 603, a lower side plate, 7, a side plate, 8, a reinforcing plate, 9, a corner plate, 10, a back plate, 11, a bucket ear plate, 12, a bucket ear sleeve, 13, a guide pin, 14, a bucket scale, 15, a guide groove, 16, a first hinge part, 17, a second hinge part, 18, a tooth base, 19, a side edge, 20, a bucket tooth, 21, a guide rail, 22, a guide groove, 23, an arc-shaped part, 24, a sliding block, 25, a locking bolt, 26, a push-pull base, 27, a locking base, 28, a positioning groove, 29, a convex rib, 30, a cylinder, 31, an arc-shaped groove, 32, a T-shaped groove, 33, a guide block, 34, a tunnel, 35, a sliding chute, 36, 40. push-pull piece, 41, elastic baffle, 42, guide groove, 43, protective shell.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention discloses an excavator bucket with adjustable bucket capacity, which includes a bucket body 6 and a bottom cover 4 installed at the rear of the bucket body 6; the bucket body 6 is provided with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bucket body is opened and is in a frame shape which is through from front to back, the lower part of the front end of the bucket body is fixed with a tooth seat plate 1, namely a knife plate, the left side and the right side of the bucket body are respectively fixed with a side plate 7, namely a side knife plate, the upper side of the knife plate is fixed with a back plate 10 and a bucket ear plate 11, the rear lower end of the knife plate is provided with a first articulated part 16, the upper inner side wall of the knife plate is provided with an arc part 23, the middle part of the upper wall of the knife plate is provided with a guide groove 22 which extends from front to back, the geometric central axes of the arc part 23 and the first articulated part 16 are superposed and extend along the left and right direction, the front side of the tooth seat plate 1 is provided with a tooth seat 18, the tooth seat 18 is; the bottom cover 4 is a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second hinge part 17, the geometric central axis of the second hinge part 17 extends along the left-right direction, and the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a guide block 33 which can be in sliding fit with the guide groove 22; the second hinge part 17 is hinged with the first hinge part 16, and the guide block 33 is positioned in the guide groove 22 and can move along the guide groove 22, so that the bottom cover 4 is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body 6 and can rotate in the bucket body 6; in the rotating process of the bottom cover 4, the upper end of the bottom cover moves closely to the arc-shaped part 23, and the left end and the right end of the bottom cover move closely to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body 6 respectively, so that the bottom cover 4 can always seal the rear end port of the bucket body 6, namely the bottom cover 4 can prevent the materials in the bucket body 6 from flowing out from the rear end; as shown in fig. 10, when the bottom cover 4 rotates forwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 6 at the front side of the bottom cover 4 will be reduced, that is, the bucket capacity will be reduced, and when the bottom cover 4 rotates backwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 6 at the front side of the bottom cover 4 will be enlarged, that is, the bucket capacity will be increased; referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, two ribs 29 extending forward and backward are fixed on the upper side of the bucket body 6, the two ribs 29 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the guide groove 22, and the upper end surface of each rib 29 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 28 distributed equidistantly forward and backward; referring to fig. 3, 4, 7, 8 and 10, the guide block 33 passes through the guide groove 22 and extends to the upper side of the bucket body 6, and then is fixedly connected with a locking seat 27, a locking bolt 25 capable of floating up and down is defined in the locking seat 27, and two ends of the locking bolt 25 extend to the outside of the locking seat 27 and are respectively located at the upper sides of the two ribs 29; when the bottom cover 4 rotates, the locking bolt 25 is driven by an elastic member to move by two ends of the locking bolt 25 clinging to the upper side of the rib 29, when reaching the positioning groove 28, the locking bolt 25 falls into the positioning groove 28, and then the bottom cover 4 is locked by the locking bolt 25 and the positioning groove 28 and cannot rotate, namely the bucket maintains the set bucket capacity; referring to fig. 3, 4, 9 and 10, a push-pull seat 26 and an oil cylinder 30 are arranged on the upper side of the bucket body 6, the push-pull seat 26 can move back and forth along a rib 29, the oil cylinder 30 is used for adjusting the position of the push-pull seat 26, a concave arc-shaped groove 31 is formed in the push-pull seat 26, and the locking bolt 25 penetrates through the arc-shaped groove 31; as shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, in the process that the push-pull seat 26 is moved from one positioning groove 28 to another positioning groove 28 adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction by the driving of the cylinder 30, the locking bolt 25 is pushed by the curved surface of the arcuate groove 31 to move upward to be removed from the positioning groove 28, then the locking bolt 25 is pulled by the arcuate groove 31 to move along the upper side surface of the rib 29, and finally driven by the elastic member to fall into the other positioning groove 28, and in the above process, the bottom cover 4 rotates, namely, the size adjustment of the bucket capacity is realized.
Referring to fig. 3 and 10, the bucket of the excavator has a bucket capacity adjusting function, the bucket capacity of the bucket can be adjusted according to actual working conditions in the working process of the excavator, and the working efficiency can be remarkably improved on the premise of ensuring stable working of the excavator; when the bucket is implemented, the number of the positioning grooves 28 can be increased properly to reduce the distance between the front and the rear adjacent positioning grooves 28, so that the size adjustment of the bucket capacity tends to be stepless, the technical effect is further improved, and meanwhile, the front and the rear spans of the positioning grooves 28 can be adjusted reasonably according to actual conditions, so that the bucket capacity adjustment range of the bucket can meet the actual working requirements of the excavator.
Referring to fig. 3 and 10, the bucket capacity of the excavator bucket is adjusted based on the position adjustment of the locking bolt 25, the oil cylinder 30 provides power, the bottom cover 4 rotates forwards when the locking bolt 25 moves forwards, the bucket capacity is reduced, otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased, when the excavator bucket is implemented, the oil cylinder 30 is connected into a hydraulic system of the excavator, the working stroke of the oil cylinder 30 is adjusted and controlled by adopting a conventional technical means, the oil cylinder 30 can accurately adjust the station of the push-pull seat 26 without technical obstacles, therefore, only a person needs to adjust and control the working state of the oil cylinder 30 in a cab of the excavator, the expected bucket capacity adjusting effect can be achieved, the excavator bucket capacity adjusting device is convenient, fast, time-saving and labor-saving, and is particularly suitable for flexibly adjusting the bucket capacity according to actual needs in the middle of operation.
This excavator bucket has bucket capacity regulatory function to need not to be equipped with the different reserve buckets of a plurality of specifications because of the bucket capacity needs, great reduction equips the acquisition cost, also stopped simultaneously in the past reserve bucket carrying with change dismouting operation produced consume manpower, influence work efficiency etc. not enough.
As is well known, the production and manufacturing technology of the bucket in the prior art is quite mature, and the requirements on parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket of the existing excavator are verified in long-term practice accumulation, so that good excavating performance can be realized; referring to fig. 3, 10, 14 and 15, in the bucket disclosed in the present invention, the bucket body 6 is a main component determining the overall digging performance of the bucket as the main body of the bucket, and there is no special requirement for the parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body 6 in the present embodiment, so that when the present invention is implemented, the bucket body 6 can adopt the structural form of the existing bucket body part to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as being beneficial to material flow, easy to discharge the material, and not easy to spill the material, and meanwhile, since the difference components between the convex rib 29, the locking seat 27, the oil cylinder 30 and the push-pull seat 26, etc. and the prior art are arranged on the upper side of the bucket body 6, there is no significant influence on the digging performance of the bucket in actual operation, thereby ensuring that the bucket has good comprehensive digging performance; in addition, the bucket capacity adjustment of the present bucket is realized based on the rotation of the bottom cover 4, while the form of the bucket body 6 is kept constant, so that the bucket capacity adjustment does not have a significant influence on the excavating performance of the present bucket.
Referring to fig. 1, 5 and 6, in the excavator bucket, although the bucket body 6 adopts a frame-shaped structure with through front and back, the strength of the bucket body 6 can be ensured to be sufficient for work by arranging a reinforcing component and adopting a high-strength material, and deformation is avoided; although the bottom cover 4 and the bucket body 6 are connected in a hinged mode, in the working process of the bucket, the bottom cover 4 mainly bears the function of supporting materials, the stress in the excavating operation process is relatively small, the bottom cover is implemented by means in the prior art, and the strength of the bottom cover 4 and the firmness of connection between the bottom cover and the bucket body 6 can meet the requirements of actual work.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 10, in the excavator bucket, after the bucket capacity is adjusted to the optimal state, the bottom cover 4 is locked by the locking bolt 25 and the positioning groove 28, when the positioning groove 28 is U-shaped and has a proper depth, the locking bolt 25 and the positioning groove 28 are matched to provide a stable locking effect for the bottom cover 4, so that the locking bolt 25 cannot be forced to be disengaged from the positioning groove 28 by the acting force of the bottom cover 4 on the locking bolt 25 during the operation of the bucket, thereby ensuring that the bucket maintains the set bucket capacity for stable operation. Meanwhile, based on the locking mode adopted by the bottom cover 4, the oil cylinder 30 is only in a working state in the process of adjusting the bucket capacity, and does not carry the task of locking the relative position of the bottom cover 4 and the bucket body 6, so that the working stability and the long service life of the oil cylinder 30 can be ensured.
Further, referring to fig. 2, 4, 5, and 7, in the excavator bucket, two guide rails 21 respectively distributed at two sides of the guide groove 22 are installed on the arc portion 23, two sliders 24 respectively matched with the two guide rails 21 are installed at the upper end of the bottom cover 4, and the sliders 24 slide along the guide rails 21 during the rotation of the bottom cover 4; therefore, the bottom cover 4 can rotate more smoothly when the bucket capacity is adjusted, and meanwhile, the bucket can work more uniformly under the action of the bottom cover 4 and the bucket body 6 in the working process, the bottom cover and the bucket body are connected more stably, and the integrally formed structure is not easy to deform; still further, the cross section of the guide rail 21 is T-shaped, and the slider 24 is provided with a T-shaped groove 32 matched with the guide rail 21, so that the guide rail 21 and the slider 24 are more stably matched, and a more stable supporting and guiding effect can be provided for the bottom cover 4.
Further, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, in the excavator bucket, two guide grooves 15 extending along an arc are respectively formed on two inner side walls of the left and right sides of the bucket body 6, two guide pins 13 are respectively fixed at two ends of the left and right sides of the bottom cover 4, and the two guide pins 13 are respectively inserted into the two guide grooves 15; in the rotating process of the bottom cover 4, the two guide pins 13 respectively move in the two guide grooves 15; the two guide grooves 15 are matched with the two guide pins 13, so that on one hand, a guide effect can be provided for the rotation of the bottom cover 4, the rotation of the bottom cover 4 is smoother, the stress on the left side and the right side of the bottom cover 4 is more equal, on the other hand, the stress on the bottom cover 4 and the stress on the bucket body 6 are more equal, and the stability of the overall structure of the bucket body 6 is improved; further, the reinforcing plate 8 is provided outside the bucket 6 at a position corresponding to the guide groove 15, thereby preventing the overall strength of the bucket 6 from being reduced by forming a groove in the bucket 6.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the excavator bucket, the side plate 7 is provided with a side blade 19 fixed by bolts, the side plate 7 is provided with a protection plate 5 fixed by bolts, and a wear-resistant plate 2 is arranged on the lower side of the bucket body 6; two corner parts at the front upper end of the bucket body 6 are provided with corner plates 9 for improving the strength of the bucket body 6; the strength and the wear resistance of the bucket are improved, and the bucket can be suitable for different working conditions.
Further, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, in the excavator bucket, the inner side wall of the bucket body 6 is marked with the bucket capacity scale 14, and the actual bucket capacity of the bucket at this time can be determined more intuitively by referring to the relative position of the bucket capacity scale 14 and the bottom cover 4.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the excavator bucket, the bucket body 6 is formed by welding a lower side plate 603, an upper side plate 602, and left and right side wall plates 601, and both the two wall plates 601 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the lower side plate 603; the middle rear part of the upper side plate 602 is pre-bent into an arc shape to form the arc-shaped part 23, that is, the bucket body 6 of the bucket has no difference with the main body part of the prior bucket in structure and manufacturing mode, so that the bucket can inherit the structural advantages of the prior bucket, and simultaneously, the manufacture of the bucket body 6 is simpler and easier.
Further, referring to fig. 1, 4, 6 and 7, in the excavator bucket, the first hinge part 16 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the bucket body 6, and the second hinge part 17 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover 4; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part 16 and the second hinge part 17 are in complementary butt joint and are provided with a rotating shaft 3 in a penetrating way; the first hinge portion 16 and the second hinge portion 17 can ensure more stable connection between the bottom cover 4 and the bucket body 6 based on the above-described structure.
Further, referring to fig. 7, in the excavator bucket, the bottom cover 4 is formed by connecting a bottom plate 402 which is arched in an arc shape and is arched backward, a strip-shaped plate 403 which is fixed to the front side of the upper end of the bottom plate 402, and two arcuate plates 401 which are fixed to the front sides of the left and right ends of the bottom plate 402; still more specifically, the bottom plate 402, the strip-shaped plate 403 and the two arcuate plates 401 are integrally formed, and are cut from the same steel plate, bent, and then welded to form the bottom cover 4.
Further, referring to fig. 3, 4, 6 and 10, in the excavator bucket, the relative position of the locking seat 27 and the bottom cover 4 is constant, so the stroke of the locking seat 27 is arc-shaped, therefore, the rib 29 should also preferably adopt an arc-shaped structure, finally, the moving stroke of the push-pull seat 26 is preferably arc-shaped, and in order to ensure that the push-pull seat 26 can move in position in the arc-shaped stroke under the driving of the oil cylinder 30, the oil cylinder 30 is preferably arranged in a way that:
the oil cylinder 30 is positioned at the front side of the push-pull seat 26 and is hinged with the push-pull seat, and the other end of the oil cylinder 30 is hinged with the front upper end of the bucket body 6, so that the oil cylinder 30 which extends and retracts linearly can drive the push-pull seat 26 to move in an arc-shaped stroke range through swinging; in addition, the oil cylinder 30 is arranged close to the upper side of the bucket body 6, and the back plate 10 is provided with a pore canal 34 extending forwards and backwards for the oil cylinder 30 to pass through, so that the arrangement of the oil cylinder 30 does not obviously increase the external dimension of the excavator bucket, and the bucket structure is more compact; the back plate 10 can be provided with reinforcing ribs or made of high-quality materials to compensate the influence of the opening of the hole 34 on the strength.
Further, referring to fig. 6 and 9, in the excavator bucket, the push-pull seat 26 can be moved forward and backward along the bead 29, and in the implementation of the present invention, a guide mechanism for sliding the push-pull seat 26 can be provided on the upper side of the bucket body 6, and a more preferable embodiment is:
the opposite sides of the two ribs 29 are provided with sliding grooves 35 extending forwards and backwards, and the left side and the right side of the push-pull block are provided with sliding pins 39 which are respectively inserted into the two sliding grooves 35 and are in sliding fit with the sliding grooves 35.
Further, referring to fig. 3, 9 and 10, in the excavator bucket, during the movement of the push-pull seat 26, the arcuate groove 31 can drive the locking bolt 25 to move out of the positioning groove 28 and move into another adjacent positioning groove 28, and based on the above functions and purposes of the push-pull seat 26, it can be implemented by various structures, preferably:
the push-pull seat 26 comprises two push-pull sheets 40 which are identical in shape and distributed on the left side and the right side of the locking seat 27, the two cambered grooves 31 are arranged on the two push-pull sheets 40 respectively, and the two cambered grooves 31 act on the left end and the right end of the locking bolt 25 simultaneously in the moving process of the push-pull seat 26, so that the push-pull seat 26 is more compactly matched with the locking bolt 25 and the locking seat 27, the stress on the two ends of the locking bolt 25 is more balanced in the bucket capacity adjusting process, and finally the related components are more stably operated.
Further, referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the excavator bucket, the locking seat 27, the locking bolt 25 and the elastic member may be implemented based on the following cooperation manner:
a mounting hole 36 is formed in the locking seat 27, the locking bolt 25 penetrates through the mounting hole 36, two ends of the locking bolt are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the locking seat 27, a through hole extending up and down is formed in the locking bolt 25, a guide column 38 extending up and down is arranged on the locking seat 27, the guide column 38 penetrates through the through hole of the locking bolt 25, and the locking bolt 25 is limited by the mounting hole 36 and the guide column 38 and can float up and down; the elastic part is a pushing spring 37 sleeved outside the guide post 38, and the upper end and the lower end of the pushing spring 37 respectively abut against the upper end of the placing hole 36 and the upper side of the locking bolt 25.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the excavator bucket, the upper wall of the bucket body 6 is provided with a through guide groove 22 for the guide block 33 to move, generally speaking, the pressure applied to the upper side of the bucket body 6 by the material in the bucket body 6 is small, and the material dug in the excavator operation process usually does not have very good fluidity, so that the width of the guide groove 22 is reduced to the maximum extent in the implementation process of the invention, and the material in the bucket body 6 can not easily flow out through the guide groove 22 in the excavator operation process;
meanwhile, as shown in fig. 16, in order to better solve the above problem and prevent the hard objects from being caught in the guide groove 22 to affect the bucket capacity adjusting function, the following improvements may be made on the structure of the excavator bucket:
the upper end of the bottom cover 4 is connected with an elastic baffle plate 41 extending forwards, and a guide groove 42 used for limiting the front end of the elastic baffle plate 41 is arranged on the inner side wall of the bucket body 6; the elastic baffle plate 41 is closely attached to the upper inner side wall of the bucket body 6 under the limit of the guide groove 42 to cover the guide groove 22, and when the bottom cover 4 rotates, the front end of the elastic baffle plate 41 moves in the guide groove 42; the elastic baffle plate 41 has elasticity, so that the elastic baffle plate can be correspondingly bent along with the inner surface of the bucket body 6, and a good covering effect on the guide groove 22 is realized; therefore, during the operation of the excavator, the elastic baffle plate 41 can prevent the materials from entering the guide groove 22, and the materials are prevented from leaking and being clamped into the guide groove 22.
Further, referring to fig. 3 and 10, in the excavator bucket, the locking seat 27, the guide groove 22, the rib 29, the locking bolt 25, the push-pull seat 26 and the cylinder 30 are disposed on the upper side of the bucket body 6, and the above components are usually not subjected to a large external force during the excavator operation, so that the components are not easily damaged by the external force, but necessary protection measures can be added to the above components based on the complexity of the excavator operation condition, and the specific implementation structure is as follows:
as shown in fig. 17, a protective shell 43 is fixed on the upper side of the bucket body 6, and the protective shell 43 covers the locking seat 27, the guide groove 22, the convex rib 29, the locking bolt 25, the push-pull seat 26 and the oil cylinder 30 to provide necessary protection for the above components.
Further, referring to fig. 18, in the excavator bucket, the operating state of the cylinder 30 is controlled by a hydraulic control system, which can adjust the operating state of the cylinder 30 according to the load data fed back from the central control system to automatically adjust the bucket capacity to an optimum state, specifically, when the excavator is in overload operation during operation, the hydraulic control system starts shortening the cylinder 30 to reduce the bucket capacity, when the excavator returns to a normal operating state, the hydraulic control system stops extending and contracting the cylinder 30, the excavator keeps the proper bucket capacity to operate, when the excavator is in low load operation during operation, the hydraulic control system starts extending the cylinder 30 to increase the bucket capacity, when the excavator operating load is close to a rated load, the hydraulic control system stops extending and contracting the cylinder 30, the excavator keeps the proper bucket capacity to operate, therefore, the excavator can carry out excavation work with the maximum efficiency without generating adverse effects such as overload.
Claims (10)
1. A bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a bulged back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is opened to be frame-shaped, a first hinged part is arranged at the rear lower end of the bucket body, an arc-shaped part is arranged on the upper inner side wall of the bucket body, the geometric central axes of the arc-shaped part and the first hinged part are superposed and extend along the left-right direction, a guide groove extending front and back is formed in the upper wall of the bucket body, and a bottom cover is arranged at the rear part of the bucket body; the bottom cover is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second hinged part, and the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a guide block; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, and the guide block is positioned in the guide groove and can move along the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the upper end moves close to the arc-shaped part, and the left end and the right end move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; two convex ribs which extend forwards and backwards and are respectively positioned at two sides of the guide groove are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a plurality of positioning grooves which are equidistantly distributed forwards and backwards are formed in the upper end surface of each convex rib; the guide block extends to the upper part of the bucket body through the guide groove and is fixedly provided with a locking seat, and a locking bolt which can float up and down and is respectively positioned at the upper sides of the two convex ribs at two ends is limited in the locking seat; when the bottom cover rotates, the locking bolt is driven by an elastic piece, two ends of the locking bolt cling to the upper sides of the convex ribs to move and fall into the positioning grooves, and then the bottom cover cannot rotate to enable the bucket to maintain the set bucket capacity; the upper side of the bucket body is provided with a push-pull seat capable of moving back and forth along the convex rib and an oil cylinder for adjusting the position of the push-pull seat, the push-pull seat is provided with a concave arc-shaped groove, and the locking bolt penetrates through the arc-shaped groove; when the push-pull seat moves from one positioning groove to another positioning groove adjacent to the front and the back, the locking bolt is propped by the curved surface of the arc-shaped groove and moves upwards to move out of the positioning groove, and then the locking bolt is pulled by the arc-shaped groove and moves along the convex rib and finally falls into the other positioning groove under the drive of the elastic piece.
2. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a side blade fixed by a bolt.
3. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a protection plate fixed by bolts.
4. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: and a wear-resisting plate is arranged on the lower side of the bucket body.
5. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: two corners of the front upper end of the bucket body are provided with angle plates for improving the strength of the bucket body.
6. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped part is provided with two guide rails which are respectively distributed on two sides of the guide groove, the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with two sliding blocks which are respectively matched with the two guide rails, and the sliding blocks slide along the guide rails in the rotating process of the bottom cover.
7. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 6, wherein: the cross section of the guide rail is T-shaped, and the sliding block is provided with a T-shaped groove matched with the sliding block.
8. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: the left and right inner side walls of the bucket body are respectively provided with a guide groove extending along an arc shape, the left and right ends of the bottom cover are respectively fixed with a guide pin, and the two guide pins are respectively inserted into the two guide grooves; and in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the two guide pins move in the two guide grooves respectively.
9. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: and a reinforcing plate corresponding to the guide groove is arranged outside the hopper body.
10. The adjustable capacity excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein: the first articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the hopper body, and the second articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part and the second hinge part are in complementary butt joint and are provided with rotating shafts in a penetrating mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131209.3A CN112281948A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131209.3A CN112281948A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112281948A true CN112281948A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
Family
ID=74424529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131209.3A Withdrawn CN112281948A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Bucket capacity adjustable excavator bucket |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112281948A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113431114A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏国润机械制造有限公司 | But excavator bucket of dilatation |
| CN117385968A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-12 | 山东科技大学 | Overload prevention excavator weighing device |
| CN118148201A (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-06-07 | 徐州巴特工程机械股份有限公司 | Quick-change connecting device for quick-change excavator bucket of excavator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113431114A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏国润机械制造有限公司 | But excavator bucket of dilatation |
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| CN117385968B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-07-12 | 山东科技大学 | Overload prevention excavator weighing device |
| CN118148201A (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-06-07 | 徐州巴特工程机械股份有限公司 | Quick-change connecting device for quick-change excavator bucket of excavator |
| CN118148201B (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-07-12 | 徐州巴特工程机械股份有限公司 | Quick-change connecting device for quick-change excavator bucket of excavator |
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Application publication date: 20210129 |