CN112281954A - Excavator bucket for building construction - Google Patents
Excavator bucket for building construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281954A CN112281954A CN202011135329.0A CN202011135329A CN112281954A CN 112281954 A CN112281954 A CN 112281954A CN 202011135329 A CN202011135329 A CN 202011135329A CN 112281954 A CN112281954 A CN 112281954A
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- bucket
- bottom cover
- plate
- bucket body
- main shaft
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- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/401—Buckets or forks comprising, for example, shock absorbers, supports or load striking scrapers to prevent overload
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/402—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors
- E02F3/404—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors comprising two parts movable relative to each other, e.g. for gripping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an excavator component, and discloses an excavator bucket for building construction, which comprises a bucket body and a bottom cover, wherein the bucket body is hinged with the bottom cover; the bottom cover can be locked by matching the positioning lug with the positioning groove, the positioning lug is moved out of the positioning groove firstly by the rotation of the main shaft, then the bottom cover is driven to rotate by the matching of the gear and the rack part, the forward rotation bucket capacity of the bottom cover is reduced, otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased, and when the lug to be positioned is aligned with the notch of the positioning groove, if the main shaft rotates reversely, the positioning lug can enter the positioning groove again. The bucket can adjust the bucket capacity according to the actual working condition, and the working efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable work of the excavator; the bucket capacity is adjusted conveniently and quickly, and time and labor are saved; need not to be equipped with reserve scraper bowl, reduced and equipped the acquisition cost, stopped that reserve scraper bowl produces consume the manpower in transportation and dismouting, reduce operating efficiency etc. not enough.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an accessory of construction machinery, in particular to an excavator bucket for construction.
Background
The bucket is an important component of the excavator, and the capacity, i.e., the bucket capacity, is one of the three most important parameters (the operating weight, the engine power and the bucket capacity) of the excavator. The bucket capacity of the original bucket is usually standard, and the original bucket cannot adapt to all working conditions, for example, for light materials with low density, a bucket with large bucket capacity should be selected to reduce power consumption and improve working efficiency, and for heavy materials with high density, a bucket with small bucket capacity should be selected to avoid overload of the excavator to ensure working stability. Consequently, the excavator need be equipped with the different reserve scraper bowl of a plurality of bucket capacities usually, it is required to handle different operating modes in the construction, this current situation has many-sided weak point, on the one hand, purchase the scraper bowl greatly increased cost input of a plurality of specifications, on the other hand, the scraper bowl is comparatively heavy usually, it is very inconvenient to transport and carry, dismouting operation when especially changing is accomplished by the manual work usually, waste time and energy, the cost of labor is high, on the other hand, in addition, the bucket capacity specification of scraper bowl is the step change, it adjusts to best numerical value usually to be difficult to the bucket capacity through the mode of changing the scraper bowl.
Meanwhile, in the continuous operation process of the excavator, the situation that the material density changes greatly back and forth along with the operation progress exists sometimes, for example, in the excavation operation with large depth span, the density of the soil on the upper layer is small, the density of the soil on the deep layer is large, and the density difference between the upper soil and the lower soil is obvious.
The bucket design recorded in the existing literature documents has the scheme that the bucket capacity is designed to be adjustable, but the adjustment structure based on the bucket design is not scientific, the stability is generally poor, the adjustment is not convenient and quick enough, particularly, the adopted parameters such as the shape, the curve and the size are different from the existing bucket, the requirement of the bucket processing parameters accumulated for a long time cannot be met, the good excavating performance cannot be realized, and the bucket design cannot be popularized and implemented due to the fact that the comprehensive technical effect is more beneficial.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an excavator bucket for building construction, which is based on scientific and reasonable structural design, has a bucket capacity adjusting function, is convenient and quick to adjust and operate, retains the advantages of the core parameters of the existing bucket, and can obviously improve the operation efficiency of an excavator and ensure the working stability.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an excavator bucket for building construction comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is opened to form a frame shape, a first articulated part is arranged at the rear lower end, a cambered surface part is arranged at the middle rear part of the inner side of the upper wall, the cambered surface part and the first articulated part are superposed on each other and extend along the left-right direction, a guide rib and two arc-shaped convex strips distributed on two sides of the guide rib are arranged on the cambered surface part, the guide rib and the arc-shaped convex strips extend forwards and backwards and are bent along the cambered surface part, a rack part bent along with the guide rib is arranged on one side of the guide rib, a plurality of positioning grooves uniformly distributed forwards and backwards are formed in the arc-shaped convex; the rear part of the bucket body is provided with a bottom cover which is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second hinged part with a geometric central shaft extending along the left-right direction, the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a placing seat, and the placing seat is provided with a guide groove; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, the guide rib is positioned in the guide groove and is in sliding fit with the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover in the bucket body, the upper end of the bottom cover moves close to the arc surface part, and the left end and the right end of the bottom cover move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; a main shaft which can only rotate relative to the placing seat is limited in the placing seat, the main shaft is vertical to the geometric central shafts of the second hinge parts, one end of the main shaft is exposed in the inner cavity of the bucket body, and an insertion hole combined with the crank is formed in the end surface of the main shaft; the main shaft is provided with a disc-shaped cam and a gear which are distributed at intervals and are vertical to the disc-shaped cam and the main shaft, the disc-shaped cam is fixedly connected with the main shaft and synchronously rotates, two arc-shaped concave parts are symmetrically arranged on the outer contour of the disc-shaped cam, an angle limiting mechanism is arranged between the gear and the main shaft, so that the gear and the main shaft can only rotate relatively within a specific angle, and the gear is meshed with a rack part; two bolt rods which extend along the left-right direction and are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the disc-shaped cam are arranged on the bottom cover, the two bolt rods can move left and right and have the tendency of approaching the disc-shaped cam based on elastic pieces, and positioning convex blocks which can be spliced and combined with the positioning grooves are fixed on the bolt rods; when the bolt rod and the disc cam are in an initial matching state, the two concave parts are distributed left and right, the opposite end parts of the two bolt rods are respectively positioned in the two concave parts, and the positioning convex blocks on the bolt rods are inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves to lock the bottom cover; when the bolt rod and the disc-shaped cam are in an initial matching state, and the spindle is driven by external force to rotate towards one direction, the disc-shaped cam firstly utilizes the two concave parts to respectively drive the two bolt rods to move so as to enable the positioning lug to move out of the positioning groove, then the spindle drives the gear to synchronously rotate so as to drive the bottom cover to rotate and move, namely the size of the bucket capacity is adjusted, the positioning lug moves along the side part of the corresponding arc-shaped convex strip in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the positioning lug aligns with the notch of the positioning groove in the original position on the upper side or the lower side of the positioning groove when the gear rotates for half cycle, so that the spindle is driven to rotate towards the other direction, the two bolt rods respectively move along with the rotation of the disc-shaped cam under the driving of the elastic part, when the two concave parts are distributed left and right again, the opposite end parts of the two bolt rods respectively, namely, the bolt rod and the disc cam are restored to the original matching state again.
Compared with the prior art, the excavator bucket for building construction has the following technical effects:
the bucket of the excavator has a bucket capacity adjusting function, the bucket capacity of the bucket can be correspondingly adjusted according to actual working conditions, and the working efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable work of the excavator; the bucket capacity is adjusted by driving the bottom cover to rotate based on a transmission mechanism formed by a crank, a main shaft, a gear, a rack part and the like, so that the operation is labor-saving, convenient and quick, and the bucket capacity adjusting device is particularly suitable for flexibly adjusting the bucket capacity in the middle of operation according to actual requirements; the bucket of the excavator is used for adjusting the bucket capacity based on a manual mode of shaking the crank, so that power mechanisms such as a motor, an oil cylinder and a hydraulic motor are not required to be arranged, the structure of the bucket of the excavator is smaller and more compact, the operation is more stable, and the service life is longer; the bucket has the bucket capacity adjusting function, so that spare buckets with different specifications do not need to be prepared according to the bucket capacity, the equipment purchase cost is greatly reduced, and the defects of manpower consumption, operation efficiency influence and the like caused by the conventional spare bucket in the transportation, carrying, dismounting and mounting operations are overcome; in the excavator bucket, the bucket body is used as a main body of the bucket and is a main component for determining the overall excavating performance of the bucket, and the scheme has no special requirements on parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body, so that when the bucket is processed and implemented, the bucket body can adopt the structural form of the main body part of the existing bucket so as to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as convenience in material flowing, easiness in discharging materials, difficulty in spilling materials and the like, and the bucket is ensured to have good comprehensive excavating performance; meanwhile, the bucket capacity of the bucket is adjusted based on the rotation of the position of the bottom cover, and the shape of the bucket body is kept constant, so that the bucket capacity is adjusted without obviously influencing the excavating performance of the bucket; after the bucket capacity of the excavator bucket is adjusted to the optimal state, the positioning lug and the positioning groove are spliced and combined to provide multi-point positioning support for the bottom cover, so that the position of the bottom cover is kept fixed in the operation process, namely the bucket capacity of the excavator bucket can stably maintain a set value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an excavator bucket according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the excavator bucket in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of the excavator bucket of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the bucket body in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom cover in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a second schematic structural view of the bottom cover in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is one of the schematic structural views of the seat in embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is a second schematic structural view of the seat in embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the main shaft, the gear, and the disc cam in embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is a partially broken-away schematic view of the bucket in embodiment 1.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the bucket capacity adjustment of the excavator bucket in embodiment 1.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the respective members in the initial engagement state of the latch lever and the disc cam in embodiment 1.
FIG. 13 is the schematic view of the embodiment 1 showing the positioning protrusions being removed from the positioning grooves by the two pins driven by the recessed portions.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the spindle driving gears synchronously rotating to drive the bottom cover to rotate and move the bottom cover according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the embodiment 1 in which the gear rotates half a revolution to align the positioning protrusion with the notch of the positioning groove.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing the state in which the bolt bar and the disc cam are restored to the initial engagement state by rotating the main shaft in the reverse direction in embodiment 1.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of an excavator bucket for construction work in embodiment 2.
In the figures, 1, a tooth base plate, 2, a wear-resisting plate, 3, a bottom cover, 301, a strip-shaped plate, 302, a bottom plate, 303, an arc-shaped plate, 4, a guide pin, 5, a reinforcing plate, 6, a bucket body, 601, a wall plate, 602, an upper side plate, 603, a lower side plate, 7, a side plate, 8, a back plate, 9, a bucket ear sleeve, 10, a bucket ear plate, 11, a corner plate, 12, an arc-shaped groove, 13, a first hinge part, 14, a second hinge part, 15, a protective plate, 16, a side edge, 17, a tooth base, 18, a bucket tooth, 19, a guide groove, 20, a guide groove, 21, a placing seat, 22, a main shaft, 23, a disc cam, 24, a rack part, 25, a guide rib, 26, an arc-shaped convex strip, 27, an arc-shaped part, 28, a positioning groove, 29, a bucket scale, 30, a sliding sleeve, 31, a bolt rod, 32, a rotating shaft, 33, an elastic piece, 34, a gear, 35, 39. an angle limiting mechanism 391, a sliding key 392, an unclosed annular groove 40, a crank 41 and a protective shell.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the excavator bucket for construction disclosed in the present embodiment includes a bucket body 6 and a bottom cover 3 installed at the rear of the bucket body 6; the bucket body 6 is provided with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bucket body 6 is opened and is in a frame shape which is through from front to back, a tooth seat plate 1, also called a knife board, is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body 6, a tooth seat 17 is arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate 1, bucket teeth 18 are arranged on the tooth seat 17, side plates 7, also called side knife boards, are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the bucket body 6, a back plate 8 and a bucket ear plate 10 are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body 6, the back plate 8 is also called a cross beam, and a bucket ear sleeve 9 is arranged on the bucket ear plate 10; the rear lower end of the bucket body 6 is provided with a first hinge part 13, the middle rear part of the inner side of the upper wall of the bucket body 6 is arc-shaped and called as an arc surface part 27, and the arc surface part 27 is overlapped with the geometric central axes of the first hinge part 13 and extends along the left-right direction; the arc-shaped part 27 is provided with a guide rib 25 and two arc-shaped convex strips 26, the two arc-shaped convex strips 26 are respectively distributed on two sides of the guide rib 25, the guide rib 25 and the two arc-shaped convex strips 26 extend forwards and backwards and are bent along with the radian of the arc-shaped part 27, one side of the guide rib 25 is provided with a rack part 24 extending forwards and backwards and bent along with the guide rib, the rack part 24 is positioned on the left side or the right side of the guide rib 25, the arc-shaped convex strips 26 are provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 28 uniformly distributed forwards and backwards, and one end of each positioning groove 28, which is far away from the guide rib 25; referring to fig. 2, 3, 5-10, the bottom cover 3 is a cover-like structure with an inner cavity, the rear end is a backward arched bottom, the lower end is provided with a second hinge part 14 with a geometric center axis extending along the left-right direction, the upper end is provided with a placing seat 21, and the placing seat 21 is provided with a guide groove 19; the second hinge part 14 is hinged with the first hinge part 13, the guide rib 25 is positioned in the guide groove 19 and is in sliding fit with the guide groove, and based on the structure, the bottom cover 3 is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body 6 and can rotate in the bucket body 6; in the process that the bottom cover 3 rotates in the bucket body 6, the upper end of the bottom cover 3 moves in a manner of clinging to the arc surface part 27 of the bucket body 6, and the left end and the right end of the bottom cover 3 move in a manner of clinging to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body 6 respectively, so that the bottom cover 3 can always plug the rear end of the bucket body 6, namely the bottom cover 3 can prevent materials in the bucket body 6 from flowing out from the rear end; as shown in fig. 3 and 11, when the bottom cover 3 rotates forwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 6 at the front side of the bottom cover 3 will be reduced, that is, the bucket capacity will be reduced, and when the bottom cover 3 rotates backwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 6 at the front side of the bottom cover 3 will be enlarged, that is, the bucket capacity will be increased; referring to fig. 5-10, a main shaft 22 is defined in the seat 21, the main shaft 22 can only rotate relative to the seat 21 and cannot move axially, the geometric central axes of the main shaft 22 and the second hinge portion 14 are perpendicular, one end of the main shaft 22 is exposed in the inner cavity of the bucket body 6, and an insertion hole 38 is formed in the end surface of the end, and the insertion hole 38 is used for being inserted and combined with a crank 40; a disc-shaped cam 23 and a gear 34 are arranged on the main shaft 22, the disc-shaped cam 23 and the gear 34 are distributed at intervals and are perpendicular to the main shaft 22, the disc-shaped cam 23 and the main shaft 22 are fixedly connected so that the disc-shaped cam 23 and the main shaft 22 can only synchronously rotate, two arc-shaped concave parts 37 are symmetrically arranged on the outer contour of the disc-shaped cam 23, an angle limiting mechanism 39 is arranged between the gear 34 and the main shaft 22, the gear 34 and the main shaft 22 can only relatively rotate within a specific angle based on the angle limiting mechanism 39, the gear 34 is meshed with the rack part 24 on the guide rib 25, and the gear 34 can rotate and move along the rack part 24; two bolts 31 are arranged on the bottom cover 3, the two bolts 31 extend along the left-right direction and are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the disc-shaped cam 23, the two bolts 31 can move left and right and have the tendency of approaching the disc-shaped cam 23 based on an elastic element 33, and a positioning lug 36 which can be spliced and combined with the positioning groove 28 on the corresponding arc-shaped convex strip 26 is fixed on each bolt 31; as shown in fig. 12, when the two bolts 31 and the disc cam 23 are in the initial mating state, the two recesses 37 of the disc cam 23 are distributed left and right, the opposite ends of the two bolts 31 are respectively located in the two recesses 37, the positioning protrusions 36 on the bolts 31 are inserted into the corresponding positioning slots 28 to lock the bottom cover 3, and the bolts 31 can maintain the above state due to the pushing force provided by the elastic member 33, thereby providing a stable locking effect for the bottom cover 3 and ensuring the bucket capacity of the bucket to be unchanged;
as shown in fig. 13, in the process that the two bolts 31 and the disc cam 23 are in the initial engagement state, and the main shaft 22 is driven to rotate in one direction by means of a tool such as a crank 40, since the bottom cover 3 is initially in the locked state, the gear 34 engaged with the rack portion 24 cannot rotate, at this time, the main shaft 22 is independently rotated relative to the gear 34 by the angle limiting mechanism 39, and the disc cam 23 drives the two bolts 31 to move by the two concave portions 37 along with the rotation of the main shaft 22, so that the positioning protrusion 36 moves out of the positioning groove 28, that is, the locking effect on the bottom cover 3 is released;
then, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the angle limiting mechanism 39 no longer allows the main shaft 22 and the gear 34 to rotate relatively, that is, the main shaft 22 will drive the gear 34 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the bottom cover 3 to rotate and move to a position, that is, to adjust the size of the bucket capacity, the positioning protrusion 36 will move along the side portion of the corresponding arc-shaped protruding strip 26 during the rotation of the bottom cover 3, and when the gear 34 is driven by the main shaft 22 to rotate for half a circle, that is, 180 degrees, the positioning protrusion 36 is exactly aligned with the notch of the positioning slot 28 located at the upper side or the lower side thereof;
as shown in fig. 15 and 16, when the positioning protrusion 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning groove 28, the main shaft 22 is driven to rotate in the other direction, the two pins 31 will move along with the rotation of the disc cam 23 under the driving of the elastic element 33, when the two recesses 37 of the disc cam 23 are distributed left and right again, the opposite ends of the two pins 31 enter the two recesses 37 again, and the positioning protrusion 36 is inserted into the positioning groove 28 aligned with the positioning protrusion, that is, the pins 31 and the disc cam 23 recover the initial mating state again, that is, the bottom cover 3 is locked again; during the process of driving the main shaft 22 to rotate reversely, since the positioning projection 36 is inserted into the positioning groove 28 aligned therewith, so that the bottom cover 3 cannot perform the rotational movement, the gear 34 engaged with the rack portion 24 cannot rotate, and during this process, the main shaft 22 will perform the separate reverse rotation with respect to the gear 34 based on the angle limiting mechanism 39;
based on the above-mentioned maneuvering principle, when the positioning protrusion 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning slot 28, if the main shaft 22 is driven to continue rotating in the original direction, the gear 34 will continue to drive the bottom cover 3 to continuously rotate along with the rotation of the main shaft 22, so as to quickly adjust the bucket capacity to the desired value.
The excavator bucket for building construction has a bucket capacity adjusting function, the bucket capacity can be correspondingly adjusted according to actual working conditions in the working process, and the excavating operation efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable working of the excavator; when implementing this embodiment, debug the rotatory stroke scope of bottom 3, can guarantee that the bucket capacity control range of this scraper bowl can satisfy the needs of most actual work of excavator.
Referring to fig. 11, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the bucket capacity adjustment function is realized by adjusting the position of the bottom cover 3, the rotation of the bottom cover 3 uses the rocking handle 40 as power input, and uses a mechanism formed by the main shaft 22, the gear 34, the rack 24 and the like as a transmission mechanism, and the rocking handle 40 is rocked in one direction to drive the bottom cover 3 to rotate forwards, so that the bucket capacity is reduced, otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased, so that the bucket capacity adjustment is convenient and rapid, time and labor are saved, and especially, the bucket capacity can be adjusted and preset according to actual needs at any time and any place in the operation.
Referring to fig. 11, the bucket of the excavator for building construction is adjusted in bucket capacity based on a manual mode of shaking the crank handle 40, so that power mechanisms such as a motor, an oil cylinder and a hydraulic motor are not required to be arranged, the structure of the bucket of the excavator is smaller and more compact, the operation is more stable, and the service life is longer.
This excavator bucket for construction has bucket capacity regulatory function to need not to be equipped with the different reserve buckets of a plurality of specifications because of the bucket capacity needs, great reduction equips the acquisition cost, also stopped simultaneously in the past reserve bucket carrying with change dismouting operation produced consume manpower, influence work efficiency etc. not enough.
As is well known, the production and manufacturing technology of the bucket in the prior art is quite mature, and the requirements on parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket of the existing excavator are verified in long-term practice accumulation, so that good excavating performance can be realized; referring to fig. 1-4, in the bucket disclosed in this embodiment, the bucket body 6 is a main component determining the overall digging performance of the bucket as a main body of the bucket, and there is no special requirement for parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body 6 in this embodiment, so that when this embodiment is implemented, the bucket body 6 can adopt the structural form of the main body part of the existing bucket, so as to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as being beneficial to material flow, easy to discharge materials, and not easy to spill materials; meanwhile, as the installation seat 21, the main shaft 22, the disc cam 23, the gear 34, the guide rib 25, the arc-shaped convex strip 26, the rack part 24 and other parts different from the existing bucket are arranged at the upper side position of the bucket, the influence of the parts on the excavating performance of the bucket in actual operation is extremely small, for example, the size, the shape and the specific installation position of the parts are scientifically and reasonably debugged, the influence can be further reduced to be negligible, and therefore the excavator bucket for building construction can be ensured to have good comprehensive excavating performance; in addition, the bucket capacity adjustment of the excavator bucket for construction is realized based on the rotation of the bottom cover 3, and the shape of the bucket body 6 is kept constant, so that the bucket capacity adjustment does not have a significant influence on the excavating performance of the bucket.
In the excavator bucket for construction, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the bucket body 6 has a frame-shaped structure with a through front and back structure, but the strength of the bucket body 6 can be ensured to be sufficient for work by providing a reinforcing member and using a high-strength material, and deformation is avoided.
Referring to fig. 10 and 12, in the excavator bucket for construction, the positioning protrusions 36 are engaged with different positioning grooves 28 to lock the bottom cover 3 at different positions, and even if the bucket maintains different bucket capacities, the positioning grooves 28 distributed in the front and back are spaced, so that the bucket capacity adjustable range of the bucket is not continuously variable in a stepless manner.
Referring to fig. 3 and 11, in the excavator bucket for building construction, although the lower end of the bottom cover 3 is connected with the bucket body 6 in a hinged manner, the bottom cover 3 mainly plays a role of supporting materials in the working process of the bucket, so that the stress is relatively small in the excavating operation process, and the excavator bucket is implemented by means in the prior art, so that the firmness of connection between the lower end of the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6 can be ensured to meet the actual working requirement of the bucket; the upper end of the bottom cover 3 is locked mainly based on the two bolts 31, and the front end of the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6 can be firmly connected by arranging a plurality of groups of positioning lugs 36 and positioning grooves 28, so that the actual work requirement in the bucket operation process is met.
Referring to fig. 15 and 16, in the bucket capacity adjustment of the excavator bucket for construction, only when the positioning lug 36 is aligned with the expected notch of the positioning slot 28, the main shaft 22 is driven to rotate reversely in the other direction, so that the bolt rod 31 and the disc cam 23 can be restored to the initial matching state, the bottom cover 3 is locked in position, and the bucket maintains the preset bucket capacity value; from this point of view, this point of time is very critical and important during the rotation of the spindle 22 when the positioning lug 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning slot 28, but it is easily determined and determined that, on the one hand, during the rotation of the bottom lid 3, the positioning lug 36 will move along the side of the corresponding arc-shaped rib 26, when the positioning lug 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning slot 28, the arc-shaped rib 26 no longer has a limiting effect on the latch 31, the force exerted by the latch 31 on the disc-shaped cam 23 will increase suddenly, which will tend to cause a pause in the rotation of the spindle 22, which is easily perceived by human beings, and on the other hand, during each half-cycle, i.e. 180 degrees, of rotation of the gear 34, the positioning lug 36 will be aligned exactly with the notch of the positioning slot 28 located at its upper or lower side, which is an inherent law due to the structure, which can be used during the adjustment of the bucket according to the spindle 22, The circumferential positions of the disc cam 23, the gear 34, the crank 40 and the like are used for judging whether the positioning lug 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning groove 28 or not; meanwhile, marks can be marked on the inner wall of the bucket body 6 so as to judge whether the positioning lug 36 is aligned with the notch of the positioning groove 28 according to the relative position of the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6.
Further, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, in the excavator bucket for building construction, an arc-shaped groove 12 extending along an arc is respectively formed on the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body 6, a guide pin 4 is respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the bottom cover 3, and the two guide pins 4 are respectively inserted into the two arc-shaped grooves 12; in the rotating process of the bottom cover 3, the two guide pins 4 respectively move in the two arc-shaped grooves 12; the two arc-shaped grooves 12 are matched with the two guide pins 4, so that on one hand, a guide effect can be provided for the rotation of the bottom cover 3, the rotation of the bottom cover 3 is smoother, the stress on the left side and the right side of the bottom cover 3 is more equal, on the other hand, the acting force between the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6 is more equal, and the stability of the overall structure of the bucket is improved; still further, the outside of the bucket body 6 is provided with the reinforcing plate 5 corresponding to the position of the arc-shaped groove 12, so that the reduction of the overall strength of the bucket body 6 caused by the grooving on the bucket body 6 is avoided.
Further, referring to fig. 1, in the excavator bucket for construction, the side plate 7 is provided with a side blade 16 fixed by bolts, the side plate 7 is provided with a protection plate 15 fixed by bolts, and a wear-resistant plate 2 is installed on the lower side of the bucket body 6; two corner parts at the front upper end of the bucket body 6 are provided with corner plates 11 for improving the strength of the bucket body 6; the strength and the wear resistance of the bucket are improved, and the bucket can be suitable for different working conditions.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the excavator bucket for construction, the bucket volume scale 29 is marked on the inner side wall of the bucket body 6, and the actual bucket volume of the bucket at the moment can be determined more intuitively by referring to the relative position of the bucket volume scale 29 and the bottom cover 3, thereby being beneficial to more efficiently and accurately adjusting the bucket volume to a desired value.
Further, referring to fig. 4, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the frame of the bucket body 6 is formed by welding a lower plate 603, an upper plate 602, and left and right wall plates 601, both of which are parallel to the lower plate 603 and perpendicular to the lower plate 603; the middle rear part of the upper side plate 602 is pre-bent into an arc shape to form the arc surface part 27, that is, the bucket body 6 of the bucket has no difference with the main body part of the prior bucket in structure and manufacturing mode, so that the bucket can inherit the structural advantages of the prior bucket, and simultaneously, the manufacture of the bucket body 6 is simpler and easier.
Further, referring to fig. 3 to 5, in the excavator bucket for construction, the first hinge part 13 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the bucket body 6, and the second hinge part 14 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover 3; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part 13 and the second hinge part 14 are in complementary butt joint and a rotating shaft 32 is arranged in a penetrating way; the first hinge portion 13 and the second hinge portion 14 can ensure more stable connection between the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6 based on the above-described structure.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the excavator bucket for construction, the bottom cover 3 is formed by connecting a bottom plate 302 which is arched and arched backward, a strip-shaped plate 301 fixed to the front side of the upper end of the bottom plate 302, and two arcuate plates 303 fixed to the front sides of the left and right ends of the bottom plate 302; still more specifically, the bottom plate 302, the strip-shaped plate 301 and the two arcuate plates 303 are an integral structure, and are cut from the same steel plate, bent and welded to form the bottom cover 3.
Further, referring to fig. 4, 10 and 12, in the excavator bucket for construction, the arc surface portion 27 is provided with two other arc-shaped protruding strips 26, the two arc-shaped protruding strips 26 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the guide rib 25, and are also provided with positioning grooves 28, so that the arc surface portion 27 is provided with four arc-shaped protruding strips 26 in total; the two bolt rods 31 are provided with four positioning lugs 36 which are matched with the positioning grooves 28 on the four arc-shaped convex strips 26; based on the above design, the multiple sets of positioning protrusions 36 and positioning grooves 28 cooperate simultaneously to provide a more stable and firm support for the bottom cover 3.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the excavator bucket for construction, a plurality of hollow tubular sliding sleeves 30 are installed at the upper end of the bottom cover 3, the bolt rods 31 penetrate through the sliding sleeves 30 to be connected with the bottom cover 3, and the elastic members 33 are pushing springs installed in the sliding sleeves 30 and capable of pushing the ends of the bolt rods 31 far from the disc cams 23.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 10, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the rack portion 24 and the guide rib 25 are integrally formed, and the rack portion 24 is formed by forming teeth on one side of the guide rib 25, so that the connection strength between the rack portion 24 and the guide rib 25 can be secured, and the difficulty in processing and manufacturing the rack portion 24 and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 5, in the excavator bucket for construction, the bottom cover 3 is provided with the guide groove 20 slidably engaged with the arc-shaped protrusion 26, and the guide groove 20 is engaged with the arc-shaped protrusion 26, so that on one hand, the engagement tightness between the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6 can be improved, and on the other hand, a certain guiding function can be provided for the relative rotation between the bottom cover 3 and the bucket body 6, so that the rotation of the bottom cover 3 is more smoothly and stably.
Further, referring to fig. 9 and 12 to 16, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the angle limiting mechanism 39 is provided to enable the main shaft 22 and the gear 34 to rotate relatively within a certain range, so as to ensure that the main shaft 22 can drive the disc cam 23 alone to adjust the position of the bolt 31, and in this respect, the angle limiting mechanism 39 has various embodiments, and the preferable embodiment is:
the gear 34 is provided with a shaft hole, the main shaft 22 passes through the shaft hole and the main shaft and the shaft hole are matched in a rotating way; the angle limiting mechanism 39 comprises a sliding key 391 and a non-closed ring groove 392, the sliding key 391 is positioned on the side wall of the main shaft 22 and protrudes outwards, and the non-closed ring groove 392 is arranged in the shaft hole and is used for accommodating the sliding key 391 and limiting the sliding key 391; thus, main shaft 22 and gear 34 can only rotate within the angular range defined by sliding key 391 and non-closing ring groove 392.
Further, referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the excavator bucket for construction, a roller 35 is installed at one end of the bolt rod 31 near the disc cam 23, and the bolt rod 31 is driven to move by the roller 35 during the rotation of the disc cam 23; therefore, the abrasion generated between the bolt rod 31 and the disc cam 23 can be greatly reduced by the rolling friction between the roller 35 and the disc cam 23, and the precise matching between the bolt rod 31 and the disc cam 23 can be ensured to be maintained for a long time.
Example 2
In order to further improve the working stability and prolong the service life of the construction excavator bucket, the present embodiment is further improved on the basis of the construction excavator bucket disclosed in embodiment 1, as follows:
referring to fig. 17, a protective casing 41 is installed on the upper end of the bottom cover 3, and the protective casing 41 covers the bolt 31, the gear 34, the disc cam 23 and the main shaft 22, so that only the insertion hole 38 is exposed, thereby reducing the abrasion of the materials on the aforementioned components during the operation of the bucket, and maximally preventing the materials from being jammed into the moving gap of the aforementioned associated components, so as to ensure the stable operation of the bucket capacity adjustment function.
Claims (10)
1. An excavator bucket for building construction comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is opened to form a frame shape, a first articulated part is arranged at the rear lower end, a cambered surface part is arranged at the middle rear part of the inner side of the upper wall, the cambered surface part and the first articulated part are superposed on each other and extend along the left-right direction, a guide rib and two arc-shaped convex strips distributed on two sides of the guide rib are arranged on the cambered surface part, the guide rib and the arc-shaped convex strips extend forwards and backwards and are bent along the cambered surface part, a rack part bent along with the guide rib is arranged on one side of the guide rib, a plurality of positioning grooves uniformly distributed forwards and backwards are formed in the arc-shaped convex; the rear part of the bucket body is provided with a bottom cover which is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second hinged part with a geometric central shaft extending along the left-right direction, the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a placing seat, and the placing seat is provided with a guide groove; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, the guide rib is positioned in the guide groove and is in sliding fit with the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover in the bucket body, the upper end of the bottom cover moves close to the arc surface part, and the left end and the right end of the bottom cover move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; a main shaft which can only rotate relative to the placing seat is limited in the placing seat, the main shaft is vertical to the geometric central shafts of the second hinge parts, one end of the main shaft is exposed in the inner cavity of the bucket body, and an insertion hole combined with the crank is formed in the end surface of the main shaft; the main shaft is provided with a disc-shaped cam and a gear which are distributed at intervals and are vertical to the disc-shaped cam and the main shaft, the disc-shaped cam is fixedly connected with the main shaft and synchronously rotates, two arc-shaped concave parts are symmetrically arranged on the outer contour of the disc-shaped cam, an angle limiting mechanism is arranged between the gear and the main shaft, so that the gear and the main shaft can only rotate relatively within a specific angle, and the gear is meshed with a rack part; two bolt rods which extend along the left-right direction and are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the disc-shaped cam are arranged on the bottom cover, the two bolt rods can move left and right and have the tendency of approaching the disc-shaped cam based on elastic pieces, and positioning convex blocks which can be spliced and combined with the positioning grooves are fixed on the bolt rods; when the bolt rod and the disc cam are in an initial matching state, the two concave parts are distributed left and right, the opposite end parts of the two bolt rods are respectively positioned in the two concave parts, and the positioning convex blocks on the bolt rods are inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves to lock the bottom cover; when the bolt rod and the disc-shaped cam are in an initial matching state, and the spindle is driven by external force to rotate towards one direction, the disc-shaped cam firstly utilizes the two concave parts to respectively drive the two bolt rods to move so as to enable the positioning lug to move out of the positioning groove, then the spindle drives the gear to synchronously rotate so as to drive the bottom cover to rotate and move, namely the size of the bucket capacity is adjusted, the positioning lug moves along the side part of the corresponding arc-shaped convex strip in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the positioning lug aligns with the notch of the positioning groove in the original position on the upper side or the lower side of the positioning groove when the gear rotates for half cycle, so that the spindle is driven to rotate towards the other direction, the two bolt rods respectively move along with the rotation of the disc-shaped cam under the driving of the elastic part, when the two concave parts are distributed left and right again, the opposite end parts of the two bolt rods respectively, namely, the bolt rod and the disc cam are restored to the original matching state again.
2. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a side blade fixed by a bolt.
3. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a protection plate fixed by bolts.
4. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: and a wear-resisting plate is arranged on the lower side of the bucket body.
5. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: two corners of the front upper end of the bucket body are provided with angle plates for improving the strength of the bucket body.
6. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the frame of the bucket body is formed by welding a lower side plate, an upper side plate and wallboards on the left side and the right side, and the two wallboards are parallel and are perpendicular to the lower side plate.
7. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 6, wherein: the middle rear part of the upper side plate is pre-bent into an arc shape to form an arc surface part.
8. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the first articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the hopper body, and the second articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part and the second hinge part are in complementary butt joint and are provided with rotating shafts in a penetrating mode.
9. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom cover is formed by connecting a bottom plate which is arched and arched backwards, a strip-shaped plate fixed on the front side of the upper end of the bottom plate and two arched plates fixed on the front sides of the left end and the right end of the bottom plate.
10. The excavator bucket for construction according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate, the strip-shaped plate and the two arched plates are of an integrated structure, are formed by cutting the same steel plate, are welded after being bent, and finally form the bottom cover.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011135329.0A CN112281954A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Excavator bucket for building construction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011135329.0A CN112281954A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Excavator bucket for building construction |
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| CN112281954A true CN112281954A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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