CN112281949A - Excavator bucket for constructional engineering - Google Patents
Excavator bucket for constructional engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281949A CN112281949A CN202011131247.9A CN202011131247A CN112281949A CN 112281949 A CN112281949 A CN 112281949A CN 202011131247 A CN202011131247 A CN 202011131247A CN 112281949 A CN112281949 A CN 112281949A
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- excavator
- bucket body
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/401—Buckets or forks comprising, for example, shock absorbers, supports or load striking scrapers to prevent overload
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
- E02F3/402—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors
- E02F3/404—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors comprising two parts movable relative to each other, e.g. for gripping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an excavator component, and particularly discloses an excavator bucket which comprises a bucket body with an opening at the rear end, wherein a guide box and a gear seat are arranged on the upper side wall of the bucket body, the rear lower end of the bucket body is hinged with a bottom cover, the upper end of the bottom cover is a traction part, and the bucket capacity is reduced when the bottom cover rotates forwards, otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased; the guide box is internally provided with a joint type rack, a gear is arranged in a gear seat, the rear end of the joint type rack is connected with the traction part, the front part of the joint type rack is meshed with the gear, a worm wheel coaxial with the gear, a worm matched with the worm wheel and a motor device driving the worm to rotate are arranged in the back plate, and the motor device can drive the bottom cover to rotate so as to adjust the bucket capacity. The excavator bucket has a bucket capacity adjusting function, can be adjusted according to actual working conditions, and can improve the working efficiency to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable work of the excavator; the bucket capacity is convenient and quick to adjust and operate, and time and labor are saved; spare buckets do not need to be equipped, equipment acquisition cost is reduced, and the defects that the spare buckets consume manpower and reduce operation efficiency in transportation and disassembly and assembly are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an accessory of excavating machinery, in particular to a bucket for excavating machinery.
Background
The bucket is an important component of the excavator, and the capacity, namely the bucket capacity, is one of the three most important parameters (the operation weight, the engine power and the bucket capacity) of the excavator. The bucket capacity of the original bucket is usually standard, and the original bucket cannot adapt to all working conditions, for example, for light materials with low density, the bucket with large bucket capacity should be selected to reduce power consumption and improve working efficiency, and for heavy materials with high density, the bucket with small bucket capacity should be selected to avoid overload of the excavator to ensure working stability. Therefore, the excavator needs to be equipped with the different reserve bucket of a plurality of bucket capacities usually, it is required to deal with different operating modes, there is many-sided weak point in this current situation, on the one hand, purchase the bucket greatly increased cost input of a plurality of specifications, on the other hand, the bucket is comparatively heavy usually, it is very inconvenient to transport and carry, dismouting operation when especially changing is accomplished by the manual work usually, waste time and energy, the cost of labor is high, on the other hand, in addition, the bucket capacity specification of bucket is the echelonment change, it is usually difficult to adjust the bucket capacity to best numerical value through the mode of changing the bucket.
Meanwhile, in the continuous operation process of the excavator, the situation that the material density changes greatly back and forth along with the operation progress exists sometimes, for example, in the excavation engineering with large depth span, the density of the soil on the upper layer is small, the density of the soil on the deep layer is large, and the density difference of the upper soil and the lower soil is obvious.
The existing bucket design recorded by literature documents has the scheme that the bucket capacity is designed to be adjustable, but the adjustment structure based on the adjustable bucket design is not scientific, the stability is generally poor, the adjustment is not convenient and quick enough, particularly, the adopted parameters such as the shape, the curve and the size are different from the existing bucket, the requirement of accumulated bucket processing parameters for a long time cannot be met, the good excavation performance cannot be realized, and the comprehensive technical effect is more beneficial and cannot be popularized and implemented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bucket which is based on scientific and reasonable structural design, has a bucket capacity adjusting function, is convenient and quick to adjust and operate, retains the advantages of core parameters of the existing bucket, and can obviously improve the operation efficiency of an excavator and ensure the working stability.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an excavator bucket for constructional engineering comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, the back plate is in a bulge shape to form the inner cavity, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is open and is in a frame shape, a first hinge part is arranged at the rear lower end, the middle rear part of the upper inner side wall is an arc surface part, the arc surface part and the geometric central axis of the first hinge part are superposed and extend along the left and right direction, a guide box and a gear seat are arranged on the upper side wall of the bucket body, the guide box is in a long strip shape and extends back and forth along the upper inner side wall of the bucket body, the part of the guide box, which is bent along with the arc surface part, is an arc part, the part in front of the arc part is a straight line part, and the lower side of the arc part; the rear part of the bucket body is provided with a bottom cover which is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second articulated part with a geometric central shaft extending along the left-right direction, and the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a traction part; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, and the traction part extends into the guide box through the guide groove and can slide along the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the upper end moves close to the arc surface part, and the left end and the right end move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; the guide box is internally limited with a joint type rack which can move back and forth along the inner cavity of the guide box, the joint type rack is formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of joint parts end to end and forming teeth at one side end, so that the joint parts can be correspondingly bent in the arc part and are positioned in the straight line part and are linearly distributed, and the rear end of the joint type rack is hinged with the traction part; a gear is arranged in the gear seat, the gear is positioned on one side of the linear portion and meshed with the joint type rack, the wheel shaft of the gear upwards extends into the inner cavity of the back plate and is fixedly connected with the worm wheel, a worm meshed with the worm wheel and a motor device driving the worm to rotate are arranged in the inner cavity of the back plate, and when the motor device drives the worm to rotate, the joint type rack drives the bottom cover to rotate and move, so that bucket capacity adjustment is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the excavator bucket for the constructional engineering has the following technical effects:
the excavator bucket for the constructional engineering has a bucket capacity adjusting function, stepless adjustment can be carried out on the bucket capacity of the excavator bucket according to actual working conditions, and the working efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring stable work of the excavator; the bucket capacity is adjusted on the basis of an electric mode, manual operation is not needed, convenience and rapidness are realized, time and labor are saved, and the bucket capacity adjusting device is particularly suitable for flexibly adjusting the bucket capacity in the midway of operation according to actual needs; the bucket has the bucket capacity adjusting function, so that spare buckets with different specifications do not need to be prepared according to the bucket capacity, the equipment purchase cost is greatly reduced, and the defects of labor consumption, influence on the operation efficiency and the like in the transportation, carrying, dismounting and mounting operations of the conventional spare buckets are overcome; in the bucket, the bucket body is used as a main part of the bucket and is a main part for determining the overall excavating performance of the bucket, and the scheme has no special requirements on parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body, so that when the bucket is processed and implemented, the bucket body can adopt the structural form of the main part of the existing bucket so as to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as contribution to material flowing, easiness in discharging materials, difficulty in spilling materials and the like, and the bucket is ensured to have good comprehensive excavating performance; meanwhile, the bucket capacity of the bucket is adjusted based on the rotation of the position of the bottom cover, and the shape of the bucket body is kept constant, so that the adjustment of the bucket capacity does not have obvious influence on the excavating performance of the bucket; after the bucket capacity of the bucket is adjusted to the optimal state, the worm wheel and the worm provide stable support for the upper end of the bottom cover based on self-locking characteristics, so that the position of the bottom cover is kept fixed in the operation process, namely the bucket capacity of the bucket is kept constant; meanwhile, based on the self-locking characteristic of the worm wheel and the worm, the power transmission between the motor device and the bottom cover is irreversible, and the load of the bottom cover cannot be transmitted to the motor device through the worm in the operation process, so that the working stability and the longer service life of the motor device can be ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an excavator bucket for construction work.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the excavator bucket for construction engineering.
Fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of the excavator bucket for construction engineering.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the excavator bucket for construction work.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the bucket body.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an articulated rack.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the bottom cover.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the guide box, the joint rack and the gear.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the back plate.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the bucket capacity adjustment of the excavator bucket for construction work.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the excavator bucket for construction engineering after an elastic barrier strip is added.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the controller automatically adjusting the bucket volume based on load data.
Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the articulated rack after improvement.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the bucket body with additional fastening screws and hand holes.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a slide way arranged in the inner cavity of the back plate for mounting the motor device.
In the figure, 1, a bottom cover, 101, a cambered plate, 102, a strip-shaped plate, 103, a bottom plate, 2, a bucket body, 201, a lower side plate, 202, an upper side plate, 203, a wall plate, 3, a bucket ear sleeve, 4, a bucket ear plate, 5, a back plate, 6, a side plate, 7, a tooth seat plate, 8, a bucket tooth, 9, a recessed part, 10, a traction part, 11, a guide groove, 12, an articulated rack, 121, a joint part, 122, a hinge shaft, 123, a roller, 13, a guide box, 131, a cambered part, 132, a straight part, 133, a lower end cover, 14, a gear seat, 15, a cambered part, 16, a bucket capacity scale, 17, a guide groove, 18, a guide pin, 19, a tooth seat, 20, a side edge, 21, a wear-resisting plate, 22, a protecting plate, 23, a corner plate, 24, a second hinge part, 25, a first hinge part, 26, a rotating shaft, 27, a gear, 28, a motor device, a worm, a reinforcing plate, 31, elastic barrier strips, 34, a guide groove, 35, a fastening screw, 36, a hand hole, 37, a hole plate, 38, a slide way, 39, a placing seat, 40, a coupler, 41 and a push-pull part.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an excavator bucket for construction engineering according to the present invention includes a bucket body 2 and a bottom cover 1 installed at the rear of the bucket body 2; the bucket body 2 is provided with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bucket body 2 is opened and is in a frame shape which is through from front to back, a tooth seat plate 7, also called a knife plate, the left side and the right side of the bucket body 2 are respectively fixed with a side plate 6, also called a side knife plate, the upper side of the bucket body 2 is fixed with a back plate 5 and a bucket ear plate 4, the rear lower end of the bucket body 2 is provided with a first hinge part 25, the middle rear part of the inner side wall of the bucket body 2 is in an arc surface shape and called an arc surface part 15, the arc surface part 15 is superposed with the geometric central axes of the first hinge part 25 and extends along the left and right direction, the front side of the tooth seat plate 7 is provided with a tooth seat 19, the tooth seat 19 is provided with bucket teeth 8, the back plate 5 is also called a cross beam which is in a bulge shape to form an inner cavity, and the bucket ear sleeve 3 is arranged on the; a guide box 13 and a gear seat 14 are arranged on the upper side wall of the bucket body 2, the guide box 13 is long and has an inner cavity, the guide box extends forwards and backwards along the upper inner side wall of the bucket body 2, the part of the guide box 13, which is bent along with the arc surface part 15, is an arc part 131, the part in front of the arc part 131 is a straight part 132, and a guide groove 11 extending forwards and backwards is formed in the lower side of the arc part 131 of the guide box 13; referring to fig. 1-4, 7 and 10, the bottom cover 1 is a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover 1 is a bottom which is arched backwards, a second hinge portion 24 is arranged at the lower end of the bottom cover 1, the geometric central axis of the second hinge portion 24 extends along the left-right direction, and a traction portion 10 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover 1; the second hinge part 24 is hinged with the first hinge part 25, the traction part 10 extends into the guide box 13 through the guide groove 11 and can slide along the guide groove 11, and based on the structure, the bottom cover 1 is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body 2 and can rotate in the bucket body 2; in the rotating process of the bottom cover 1, the upper end of the bottom cover 1 moves in a manner of clinging to the arc surface part 15 of the bucket body 2, and the left end and the right end of the bottom cover 1 move in a manner of clinging to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body 2 respectively, so that the bottom cover 1 can always plug the rear end port of the bucket body 2, namely the bottom cover 1 can prevent materials in the bucket body 2 from flowing out from the rear end; when the bottom cover 1 rotates forwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 2 at the front side of the bottom cover 1 is reduced, namely the bucket capacity is reduced, and when the bottom cover 1 rotates backwards, the cavity space of the bucket body 2 at the front side of the bottom cover 1 is enlarged, namely the bucket capacity is increased; referring to fig. 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10, the guide box 13 defines an articulated rack 12, the articulated rack 12 can move back and forth along the inner cavity of the guide box 13, the articulated rack 12 is formed by a plurality of joint parts 121 which are sequentially hinged end to end and are toothed at one side end, so that the articulated rack 12 can be correspondingly bent in an arc part 131, the joint parts 121 in a straight part 132 are linearly distributed, and the rear end of the articulated rack 12 is hinged with the traction part 10; a gear 27 is arranged in the gear seat 14, the gear 27 is positioned at one side of the linear part 132 of the guide box 13 and is meshed with the articulated rack 12, the articulated rack 12 can be driven to move in the guide box 13 in the rotation process of the gear 27, and the bottom cover 1 is driven to rotate by the traction part; referring to fig. 4, 8-10, the axle 31 of the gear 27 extends upward into the inner cavity of the back plate 5 and is fixedly connected with the worm gear 32, i.e. the gear 27 and the worm gear 32 are coaxially connected; a worm 28 and a motor device 29 are arranged in the inner cavity of the back plate 5, the worm 28 is meshed with the worm wheel 32, and the motor device 29 is used for driving the worm 28 to rotate; based on the structure, when the motor device 29 drives the worm 28 to rotate, the worm wheel 32 drives the gear 27 to rotate synchronously therewith, and the articulated rack 12 drives the bottom cover 1 to rotate and move positions, thereby realizing bucket capacity adjustment.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 10, the excavator bucket for the construction engineering has a bucket capacity adjusting function, the bucket capacity can be adjusted in a stepless manner according to actual working conditions in the working process, and the excavating operation efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the stable working of the excavator; when the invention is implemented, the rotation stroke of the bottom cover 1 and the movement stroke of the articulated rack 12 are debugged, so that the bucket capacity adjusting range of the excavator bucket can meet most of actual working requirements of the excavator.
Referring to fig. 8, 9 and 10, the excavator bucket for construction engineering realizes a bucket capacity adjusting function based on position adjustment of the bottom cover 1, the rotation of the bottom cover 1 is powered by the motor device 29, the bucket capacity is reduced when the bottom cover 1 rotates forwards, otherwise, the bucket capacity is increased, and based on the design, when the excavator bucket for construction engineering is implemented, a conventional technical means in the prior art can be adopted, a power part in the motor device 29 is selected as a servo motor, a control unit of the motor device 29 is additionally arranged or integrated in a central control, so that a driver can adjust and control the working state of the motor device 29 in a cab to realize accurate adjustment of the position of the bottom cover 1, and therefore, the bucket capacity adjustment is more convenient and faster, time and labor are saved, and especially, the bucket capacity can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs at any time and any place in operation.
This excavator bucket for building engineering has bucket capacity regulatory function to need not to be equipped with the different reserve buckets of a plurality of specifications because of the bucket capacity needs, great reduction equips the acquisition cost, also stopped simultaneously in the past reserve bucket carry with change dismouting operation produced consume manpower, influence work efficiency etc. not enough.
As is well known, the production and manufacturing technology of the excavator bucket in the prior art is quite mature, and the requirements on parameters such as the shape, curve, size and the like of the excavator bucket for the existing construction engineering are verified in long-term practice accumulation, so that good excavating performance can be realized; referring to fig. 1, 3 and 10, in the bucket disclosed by the invention, the bucket body 2 is a main part determining the overall excavating performance of the bucket as a main body of the bucket, and parameters such as the shape, curve and size of the bucket body 2 in the scheme are not particularly required, so that when the bucket is implemented, the bucket body 2 can adopt the structural form of the main body part of the existing bucket so as to continue the technical advantages of the existing bucket, such as convenience in material flowing, easiness in material discharging, difficulty in material spilling and the like; meanwhile, as the guide box 13, the gear seat 14 and other parts different from the existing bucket are arranged on the upper side wall of the bucket body 2, and the motor device 29, the worm wheel 32, the worm 28 and other parts are hidden in the inner cavity of the back plate 5, the influence on the excavating performance of the bucket in actual operation is extremely small, for example, the size, the shape and the installation position of the parts are scientifically and reasonably adjusted, the influence can be further reduced to be negligible, and the bucket can be ensured to have good comprehensive excavating performance; in addition, the bucket capacity of the bucket is adjusted based on the rotation of the bottom cover 1, and the shape of the bucket body 2 is kept constant, so that the adjustment of the bucket capacity does not have a remarkable influence on the excavating performance of the bucket.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the excavator bucket for construction work, although the bucket body 2 has a frame-shaped structure with a front and rear through hole, the strength of the bucket body 2 can be ensured to be sufficient for work by providing a reinforcing member and using a high-strength material, and deformation is prevented.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 10, in the excavator bucket for constructional engineering, although the lower end of the bottom cover 1 is connected with the bucket body 2 in a hinged manner, and the upper end of the bottom cover 1 is mainly supported by the components such as the joint type rack 12, the gear 27 and the like, the bottom cover 1 mainly plays a role of supporting materials in the working process of the excavator bucket, so that the stress in the excavating operation process is relatively small, and the excavator bucket is implemented by adopting the means in the prior art, so that the strength of the bottom cover 1, the connection firmness of the bottom cover 1 and the bucket body 2 and the support provided by the components for the front end of the bottom cover can meet the actual working requirements.
Referring to fig. 8-10, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, after the bucket capacity is adjusted to the optimum state, the motor device 29 stops operating to stop the worm 28 from rotating, at this time, the articulated rack 12 will not move any more to make the bottom cover 1 reach the desired position, the worm 28 and the worm wheel 32 will provide stable support for the upper end of the bottom cover 1 based on the self-locking characteristic of the self-mechanism, so that the position of the bottom cover 1 is kept fixed in the operation process, that is, the bucket capacity is kept constant; meanwhile, based on the self-locking characteristic of the worm 28 and the worm wheel 32, the power transmission between the motor device 29 and the bottom cover 1 is irreversible, and the load of the bottom cover 1 cannot be transmitted to the motor device 29 through the worm wheel 32 and the worm 28 in the operation process, so that the working stability and the long service life of the motor device 29 can be ensured.
Referring to fig. 9, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the worm wheel 32, the worm 28, the motor device 29 and other related components are arranged in an inner cavity formed by the bulge of the back plate 5; based on the structure, on one hand, the inner cavity space of the back plate 5 is scientifically and reasonably utilized, so that the size of the bucket cannot be obviously increased due to the arrangement of the worm wheel 32, the worm 28, the motor device 29 and other parts, the bucket structure is more compact, the appearance of the bucket is closer to that of the existing bucket, on the other hand, the back plate 5 can provide good protection for the worm wheel 32, the worm 28 and the motor device 29, and the worm wheel 32, the worm 28 and the motor device 29 can be prevented from being damaged by external force in the excavation operation process; when the bucket 2 is manufactured, the wheel shaft 31 of the gear 27, the worm wheel 32, the worm 28, the motor device 29, and the like may be first set to a desired position, and then the back plate 5 may be welded and fixed.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 4, in the excavator bucket for the construction engineering, two guide grooves 17 extending along an arc are respectively formed on the left and right inner side walls of the bucket body 2, two guide pins 18 are respectively fixed at the left and right ends of the bottom cover 1, and the two guide pins 18 are respectively inserted into the two guide grooves 17; in the rotating process of the bottom cover 1, the two guide pins 18 respectively move in the two guide grooves 17; the two guide grooves 17 are matched with the two guide pins 18, so that on one hand, a guide effect can be provided for the rotation of the bottom cover 1, the rotation of the bottom cover 1 is smoother, the stress on the left side and the right side of the bottom cover 1 is more equal, on the other hand, the acting force between the bottom cover 1 and the bucket body 2 is more balanced, and the stability of the overall structure of the bucket is improved; further, the reinforcing plate 30 is provided outside the bucket 2 at a position corresponding to the guide groove 17, thereby preventing the overall strength of the bucket 2 from being reduced by forming a groove in the bucket 2.
Further, referring to fig. 3, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, the side plate 6 is provided with a side blade 20 fixed by bolts, the side plate 6 is provided with a protection plate 22 fixed by bolts, and a wear-resistant plate 21 is installed on the lower side of the bucket body 2; two corner parts at the front upper end of the bucket body 2 are provided with corner plates 23 for improving the strength of the bucket body 2; therefore, the strength and the wear resistance of the bucket are improved, and the bucket can be suitable for different working conditions.
Further, referring to fig. 2, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, the inner side wall of the bucket body 2 is marked with bucket capacity scales 16, and the actual bucket capacity of the bucket can be determined more intuitively by referring to the relative positions of the bucket capacity scales 16 and the bottom cover 1.
Further, referring to fig. 5, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the frame of the bucket body 2 is formed by welding a lower side plate 201, an upper side plate 202 and left and right side wall plates 203, and the two wall plates 203 are parallel and perpendicular to the lower side plate 201; the middle rear part of the upper side plate 202 is pre-bent into an arc shape to form the arc surface part 15, namely, the bucket body 2 of the bucket has no difference with the main part of the traditional bucket in structure and manufacturing mode, so that the bucket can inherit the structural advantages of the traditional bucket, and meanwhile, the bucket body 2 is simpler and easier to manufacture.
Further, referring to fig. 4, 5 and 7, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, the first hinge portion 25 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the bucket body 2, and the second hinge portion 24 includes a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover 1; the first hinge part 25 and the second hinge part 24 are in complementary butt joint with each other through shaft sleeves and are provided with a rotating shaft 26 in a penetrating way; the first hinge portion 25 and the second hinge portion 24 can ensure more stable connection between the bottom cover 1 and the bucket body 2 based on the above-mentioned structure.
Further, referring to fig. 7, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the bottom cover 1 is formed by connecting a bottom plate 103 which is arched and arched backward, a strip-shaped plate 102 fixed to the front side of the upper end of the bottom plate 103, and two arcuate plates 101 fixed to the front sides of the left and right ends of the bottom plate 103; still more specifically, the bottom plate 103, the strip-shaped plate 102 and the two arcuate plates 101 are integrally formed, and are cut from the same steel plate, bent, and welded to form the bottom cover 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the output shaft of the motor device 29 and the worm 28 both extend in the left-right direction; generally, the motor that can be applied to the motor device 29 in the prior art is generally in a long column shape, and with the above layout design, it is more beneficial to place the long column-shaped motor and the worm 28 in transmission connection with the long column-shaped motor in the cavity formed by the bulge of the back plate 5, so as to reduce the volume of the excavator bucket.
Further, referring to fig. 2, 5 and 8, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the lower end of the linear portion 132 of the guide box 13 is a detachable lower end cap 133, and the lower end cap 133 simultaneously seals the lower end opening of the gear seat 14; the lower cover 133 may be fixed by bolts, and since the lower cover 133 may be disassembled, maintenance of the internal structures of the guide case 13 and the gear seat 14 may be more facilitated.
Further, referring to fig. 2, 4, 7 and 8, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, a concave part 9 is arranged on the bottom cover 1, the traction part 10 is arranged in the concave part 9, the concave part 9 is buckled outside the guide box 13 and the two are in sliding fit; the concave seat part 9 and the guide box 13 are matched to play a role in guiding and limiting, so that the bottom cover 1 rotates more smoothly, and acting force between the bottom cover 1 and the bucket body 2 tends to be more balanced.
Further, referring to fig. 8, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, the guide groove 11 is formed at the lower side of the arc part 131 of the guide box 13 so that the traction part 10 can move along with the joint type rack 12, generally speaking, when the excavator bucket for construction engineering is implemented, the width of the guide groove 11 is reduced to the maximum extent, the matching precision of the joint type rack 12 and the guide box 13 is improved, the materials in the bucket body 2 can be ensured not to easily enter the guide box 13 through the guide groove 11 in the excavator operation process, and the adverse effect on the bucket capacity adjusting function is avoided; meanwhile, in order to better solve the above problems and avoid the influence of the hard objects in the guide groove 11 or the guide box 13 on the bucket capacity adjusting function, the following improvements can be made on the structure of the excavator bucket for construction engineering:
as shown in fig. 11, the upper end of the bottom cover 1 is connected with an elastic barrier 33 extending forward, and the lower side of the guide box 13 is provided with a guide groove 34 for limiting and accommodating the front end of the elastic barrier 33; the elastic barrier strip 33 is closely attached to the lower side of the guide box 13 under the limit of the guide groove 34 to cover the guide groove 11, and when the bottom cover 1 rotates, the front end of the elastic barrier strip 33 moves in the guide groove 34; the elastic barrier strip 33 has elasticity and can be correspondingly bent along with the lower side surface of the guide box 13, so that a good covering effect on the guide groove 11 is realized; therefore, during the operation of the excavator, the elastic barrier strip 33 can prevent the materials from entering the guide groove 11 and the guide box 13.
Further, referring to fig. 12, in the excavator bucket for construction work, the motor device 29 is provided with a controller which can control the operating state of the motor device 29 according to load data fed back from the central control system to automatically adjust the bucket capacity to an optimum state, specifically, when the excavator is in overload operation during work, the controller starts the operation of the motor device 29 to reduce the bucket capacity, when the excavator returns to normal operation, the controller stops the operation of the motor device 29, the excavator keeps the proper bucket capacity to operate, when the excavator is in low load operation during work, the controller starts the operation of the motor device 29 to increase the bucket capacity, when the excavator operating load approaches a rated load, the controller stops the operation of the motor device 29, the excavator keeps the proper bucket capacity to operate, therefore, the excavator can carry out excavation work with the maximum efficiency without generating adverse effects such as overload.
Further, referring to fig. 13, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, adjacent joint portions 121 of the articulated rack 12 are connected by a hinge shaft 122, and rollers 123 are installed at both ends of the hinge shaft 122 to facilitate the movement of the articulated rack 12 in the guide box 13, so that the movement of the articulated rack 12 in the guide box 13 is smoother, the resistance is reduced, and the abrasion is reduced.
Furthermore, in the excavator bucket for construction engineering, the motor device 29 is installed in the cavity of the back plate 5, and the motor device 29 is an electrical component, so that a fault is easy to occur, and in addition, regular maintenance and maintenance are usually required to be performed on the motor device 29, which requires that the motor device 29 should be disassembled and assembled from the cavity of the back plate 5, the motor device 29 is installed by adopting a mode in the prior art, the disassembling and assembling operation is troublesome and inconvenient, and meanwhile, a large hole needs to be formed in the back plate 5, so that the overall strength of the back plate 5 is affected; for this reason, the invention also has the following improvements:
referring to fig. 14 and 15, a hand hole 36 is formed in one side of the bucket body 2, the hand hole 36 is communicated with an inner cavity of the back plate 5, and a hole plate 37 for blocking the hand hole 36 is arranged on the hand hole 36; a coupling 40 is fixed at one end of the worm 28, and an output shaft of the motor device 29 is connected with the coupling 40 in a plug-in combination mode; a slide way 38 extending left and right is arranged in the inner cavity of the back plate 5, a placing seat 39 is arranged on the motor device 29, and the placing seat 39 is in sliding fit with the slide way 38 to enable the motor device 29 to move left and right; when the placing seat 39 moves to the inner end of the slide way 38, the output shaft of the motor device 29 is just inserted and combined with the coupling 40, and when the motor device 29 moves to the outer end of the slide way 38, the motor device 29 can be taken out through the hand hole 36; the bucket body 2 is provided with a fastening screw 35 for fixing the placing seat 39 at the inner end of the slide way 38;
the placing seat 39 is provided with a push-pull part 41 so as to push and pull the motor device 29 to move by matching a hand or a tool with the push-pull part 41;
based on the structure, the motor device 29 is more convenient and quicker to mount and dismount, and the motor device 29 is more time-saving and labor-saving to maintain; because the motor device 29 is moved axially to pick, place and mount, the hand hole 36 only needs a small size to meet the operation requirement, and the hand hole 36 is not formed on the back plate 5 but is located on the left side and the right side of the bucket body 2, so that the overall strength of the bucket body 2 is not affected by the formation of the hand hole 36.
Claims (10)
1. An excavator bucket for constructional engineering comprises a bucket body with an inner cavity, wherein a tooth seat plate is fixed at the lower part of the front end of the bucket body, side plates are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of the front end, a back plate and a bucket ear plate provided with a bucket ear sleeve are fixed at the upper side of the bucket body, the back plate is in a bulge shape to form the inner cavity, and a tooth seat and bucket teeth are arranged at the front side of the tooth seat plate; the method is characterized in that: the rear end of the bucket body is open and is in a frame shape, a first hinge part is arranged at the rear lower end, the middle rear part of the upper inner side wall is an arc surface part, the arc surface part and the geometric central axis of the first hinge part are superposed and extend along the left and right direction, a guide box and a gear seat are arranged on the upper side wall of the bucket body, the guide box is in a long strip shape and extends back and forth along the upper inner side wall of the bucket body, the part of the guide box, which is bent along with the arc surface part, is an arc part, the part in front of the arc part is a straight line part, and the lower side of the arc part; the rear part of the bucket body is provided with a bottom cover which is of a cover-shaped structure with an inner cavity, the rear end of the bottom cover is a backward arched bottom, the lower end of the bottom cover is provided with a second articulated part with a geometric central shaft extending along the left-right direction, and the upper end of the bottom cover is provided with a traction part; the second hinge part is hinged with the first hinge part, and the traction part extends into the guide box through the guide groove and can slide along the guide groove, so that the bottom cover is buckled at the rear part of the bucket body and can rotate in the bucket body; in the rotating process of the bottom cover, the upper end moves close to the arc surface part, and the left end and the right end move close to the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the bucket body respectively, so that the bottom cover can always plug the rear port of the bucket body; the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating forwards is reduced, and the bucket capacity of the bottom cover rotating backwards is increased; the guide box is internally limited with a joint type rack which can move back and forth along the inner cavity of the guide box, the joint type rack is formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of joint parts end to end and forming teeth at one side end, so that the joint parts can be correspondingly bent in the arc part and are positioned in the straight line part and are linearly distributed, and the rear end of the joint type rack is hinged with the traction part; a gear is arranged in the gear seat, the gear is positioned on one side of the linear portion and meshed with the joint type rack, the wheel shaft of the gear upwards extends into the inner cavity of the back plate and is fixedly connected with the worm wheel, a worm meshed with the worm wheel and a motor device driving the worm to rotate are arranged in the inner cavity of the back plate, and when the motor device drives the worm to rotate, the joint type rack drives the bottom cover to rotate and move, so that bucket capacity adjustment is achieved.
2. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a side blade fixed by a bolt.
3. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the side plate is provided with a protection plate fixed by bolts.
4. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: and a wear-resisting plate is arranged on the lower side of the bucket body.
5. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: two corners of the front upper end of the bucket body are provided with angle plates for improving the strength of the bucket body.
6. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the frame of the bucket body is formed by welding a lower side plate, an upper side plate and wall plates on the left side and the right side, and the two wall plates are parallel and vertical to the lower side plate; the middle rear part of the upper side plate is pre-bent into an arc shape to form an arc surface part.
7. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the first articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the rear lower end of the hopper body, and the second articulated part comprises a plurality of shaft sleeves which are distributed at intervals and fixed at the lower end of the bottom cover; the shaft sleeves of the first hinge part and the second hinge part are in complementary butt joint and are provided with rotating shafts in a penetrating mode.
8. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the bottom cover is formed by connecting a bottom plate which is arched and arched backwards, a strip-shaped plate fixed on the front side of the upper end of the bottom plate and two arched plates fixed on the front sides of the left end and the right end of the bottom plate.
9. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 8, wherein: the bottom plate, the strip-shaped plate and the two arched plates are of an integrated structure, are formed by cutting the same steel plate, are welded after being bent, and finally form the bottom cover.
10. The excavator bucket for construction engineering of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the linear part of the guide box is a detachable lower end cover, and the lower end cover simultaneously seals the lower port of the gear seat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131247.9A CN112281949A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Excavator bucket for constructional engineering |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131247.9A CN112281949A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Excavator bucket for constructional engineering |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112281949A true CN112281949A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011131247.9A Pending CN112281949A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Excavator bucket for constructional engineering |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112281949A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU207944U1 (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-11-25 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный университет им. А.Н. Косыгина (Технологии. Дизайн. Искусство)" | Removable excavator bucket cover |
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