CN112280542B - 油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂的制备方法、封堵剂与油田钻井液 - Google Patents

油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂的制备方法、封堵剂与油田钻井液 Download PDF

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CN112280542B
CN112280542B CN202011593704.6A CN202011593704A CN112280542B CN 112280542 B CN112280542 B CN 112280542B CN 202011593704 A CN202011593704 A CN 202011593704A CN 112280542 B CN112280542 B CN 112280542B
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姚少全
李君勋
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BEIJING PEIKANG JIAYE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂及其制备方法与应用,该封堵剂是由乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮、水、司盘80、丙二醇甲醚、乙酸乙酯按照78~88:10~15:4.0~6.0:3.0~5.0:5.0~7.0的重量比乳化而成的改性缩酮。本发明的封堵剂制备方法简单,加入各原料彻底混合均匀即可,流动性好,封堵地层微裂缝尤其是纳米级微裂缝效果显著,加入到油田钻井液中,可改善泥饼,稳定井壁,防止垮塌,有效解决井壁失稳、垮塌等问题。

Description

油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂的制备方法、封堵剂与油田钻井液
技术领域
本发明涉及油田钻井液材料技术领域,具体涉及一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮NAX50及其配制的油田钻井液。
背景技术
面对石油天然气勘探开发过程中日益复杂的地质条件,对井壁的稳定性提出了更高的要求,在钻井过程中,钻井液滤液在压差作用下容易通过微小孔隙进入地层内部,水力压力在微裂缝中的传递作用造成裂缝发展,使得井壁稳定性变差,严重时带来井壁垮塌等钻井事故。所以,需要在钻井液中加入封堵剂,以改善泥饼质量,封堵地层微裂缝,提高井壁的稳定性。地层微裂缝的产生,往往是从纳米级孔隙开始,在水力压力传递作用下孔隙发展长大,所以在纳米微裂缝开始产生时进行有效封堵,封堵防塌效果最佳。
目前常规封堵剂多为改性沥青类,包括磺化沥青与乳化沥青,这些沥青类封堵剂粒子粒径多处于微米级及微米级以上,粒径较大难以对纳米级微裂缝进行有效封堵。当初始产生的纳米级微裂缝不能及时封堵时,微裂缝发展长大导致地层强度变差,即使后面有大小匹配的粒子封堵,封堵效果依然很差,不能有效封堵防塌。
CN111793478A公开了“一种水基钻井液用纳米封堵剂”,采用粒径尺寸为10~120纳米的金属氧化物磁性纳米粒子,但变形性差,进入微小裂缝难度增加。CN108300433A公开了“一种钻进页岩水平井用纳米复合封堵剂及其制备方法”,粒径保持在500nm以内,不聚集结团,而且具有刚性和柔性变形的特点,其D50大于100nm,D90小于500nm。油田钻井,尤其是页岩气钻井,其初始裂缝多为纳米级(1~100nm),因此上述封堵剂只有小量能够进入初始裂缝。这主要是制备小于100nm的无机和有机聚合物颗粒难度较大,因此现有技术未能很好地解决初始裂缝的封堵问题。这就要求有100纳米以下封堵剂来封堵微裂缝以保持井壁稳定,为此,我们开发出了一种钻井液用纳米封堵剂,其100nm以下的纳米级颗粒含量可达50%以上。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂,100纳米级颗粒含量50%以上,添加到钻井液体系中能够封堵地层微裂缝、改善泥饼,较好地稳定井壁,可有效解决井壁失稳、垮塌等问题。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述纳米封堵剂的制备方法,其工艺简单,其所制备的封堵剂具有良好的性能。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述封堵剂的应用。
为达上述目的,本发明提供了一种制备油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂的方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
将乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮、水、司盘80、丙二醇甲醚、乙酸乙酯按照重量比78~88:10~15:4.0~6.0:3.0~5.0:5.0~7.0在常温常压下搅拌1~1.5小时,得到的胶体产品即为纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
在充分搅拌下,乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮与水在乳化剂司盘80、辅助乳化剂丙二醇甲醚和乙酸乙酯作用下,乳化成乳状液胶体,其胶体颗粒范围可达1~100纳米,并且该封堵剂分子链上含有碳氧键,能吸附在地层粘土颗粒上,使泥饼更致密,封堵效果更显著。
除特别注明外,本发明中所述比例与百分含量均为重量比例或百分含量。
另一方面,本发明提供了一种钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮,其是根据本发明所述的方法制备得到的。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,本发明所述的钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮,具有如下特性:
纳米级颗粒含量为50%~90%,常温中压滤失量降低率为50%~80%,封堵性能良好。
本发明的封堵剂可作为添加剂添加到油田钻井液中,能够有效改善泥饼,稳定井壁,因此本发明提供了所述封堵剂在油田钻井液中的应用。
再一方面,本发明提供一种油田钻井液,其添加了本发明所述的钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。以钻井液的总重量为基准,其中钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮的含量为1wt%~5wt%,优选为3wt%。
综上所述,本发明提供了一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮及其制备的油田钻井液。由本发明所述方法制得的封堵剂是采用胶体,10nm以下胶体颗粒含量达到50%以上,不仅能够进入初始裂缝,具有填充泥饼孔隙的作用,并且能够吸附在粘土颗粒表面形成一层致密膜结构,封堵效果显著。在常温下加入到油田钻井液中,即可使钻井液的滤失量大幅降低,能够改善泥饼,封堵地层微裂缝,较好地稳定井壁,可有效解决井壁失稳、垮塌等问题。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解,现结合具体实例对本发明的技术方案进行以下详细说明,应理解这些实例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
按重量比取80份乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮,10份水,5份司盘80,5份丙二醇甲醚以及6份乙酸乙酯于反应釜中,常温常压下搅拌1.5小时,即制得本实施例的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
实施例2
按重量比取85份乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮,12份水,6份司盘80,4份丙二醇甲醚以及5份乙酸乙酯于反应釜中,常温常压下搅拌1.0小时,即制得本实施例的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
实施例3
按重量比取82份乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮,15份水,4份司盘80,5份丙二醇甲醚以及7份乙酸乙酯于反应釜中,常温常压下搅拌1.2小时,即制得本实施例的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
实施例4
按重量比取78份乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮,10份水,5.5份司盘80,4.5份丙二醇甲醚以及7份乙酸乙酯于反应釜中,常温常压下搅拌1.5小时,即制得本实施例的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
实施例5
按重量比取88份乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮,10份水,6份司盘80,3份丙二醇甲醚以及5份乙酸乙酯于反应釜中,常温常压下搅拌1.0小时,即制得本实施例的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮。
性能测试
(1)常规性能测试
将上述各实施例1~5得到的钻井液用纳米封堵剂进行各项性能测试,其结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1~ 5得到的纳米封堵剂性能指标测试数据(常温)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
基浆:350mL淡水+1.05g无水碳酸钠+28g钻井液用评价土
样品浆:基浆+2%纳米封堵剂改性缩酮
上述实验数据表明,由本方法制得的纳米封堵剂纳米颗粒含量很高,达70%以上。并且在常温条件下,向钻井液体系中加入本发明制得的钻井液用纳米封堵剂,滤失量大幅降低,说明本发明提供的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂具有填充泥饼孔隙的作用,并形成一层致密膜结构,封堵效果显著。
(2)抗温性能评价
配制多份钻井液,配方为:淡水 + 0.3%Na2CO3 + 1.0%Visco1 + 3%Redu2 + 3%NFA-25 + 2%PGCS-1 + 50%Weigh2 + 30%Weigh3 。其中一份不加封堵剂作为基浆,一份加入市售磺化沥青封堵剂,其余五份分别加入实施例1~5中得到的纳米封堵剂改性缩酮,封堵剂加量均为3wt%,用重晶石将钻井液密度调整至2.2g/cm3,分别于120℃、150℃和180℃热滚老化16h后测试钻井液的滤失量,结果如表2所示:
表2不同种类封堵剂配制的钻井液抗温性能评价测试结果
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
从上述表格中数据可看出,不同温度热滚16h后,与未加封堵剂的基浆相比,加入封堵剂后的钻井液,其常温中压和高温高压滤失量均有不同程度的降低,但是加入实施例1~5制备的纳米封堵剂改性缩酮配制成的钻井液,滤失量降低更加显著。因此,与市售磺化沥青类封堵剂相比,本发明提供的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂填充泥饼孔隙效果更好,可以形成一层致密膜结构,封堵性能更加优良。并且从表中数据可以看出,随着温度的升高,添加市售磺化沥青钻井液的滤失量逐渐增大,而添加本发明提供的纳米封堵剂钻井液的滤失量基本不变,说明本发明提供的纳米封堵剂改性缩酮抗温性能良好,最高可达180℃。
本发明中的缩写代表如下意义:
Visco1:市售钻井液用提切剂改性硅酸盐Visco1;
Redu2:市售钻井液用降滤失剂羧羟基烷烯共聚物Redu2;
NFA-25:市售钻井液用抑制防塌剂无荧光白沥青NFA-25;
PGCS-1:市售钻井液用固体聚合醇PGCS-1;
Weigh2:市售钻井液用水溶性加重抑制剂有机盐Weigh2;
Weigh3:市售钻井液用水溶性加重抑制剂有机盐Weigh3;
API:常温中压滤失量;
HTHP:高温高压滤失量,测试温度为对应的热滚温度,压力为3.5MPa。
(3)封堵性能评价
以膨润土和重晶石为原料,利用GGS42-2A型高温高压滤失仪(青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司),制取一定厚度的人造岩芯,来模拟纳微米级地层。配制七份钻井液,配方为:淡水+0.3%NaCO3+8%评价土,其中一份不加封堵剂作为空白基浆,另一份加入市售磺化沥青封堵剂,其余五份加入实施例1~5得到的纳米封堵剂改性缩酮,封堵剂加量均为3wt%。通过测定加入不同封堵剂的钻井液通过模拟地层的平均流量,根据达西公式,可以计算出封堵前后模拟地层的渗透率,从而评价封堵剂的封堵效果,结果如表3所示:
表3不同种类封堵剂在模拟地层中封堵效果评价
封堵剂类别 渗透率(10-2mD) 封堵率,%
空白基浆 665 /
磺化沥青 382 42.6
实施例1 12.8 98.1
实施例2 8.56 98.7
实施例3 10.6 98.4
实施例4 11.0 98.3
实施例5 9.80 98.5
从表3中可以看出,加入封堵剂后,模拟地层的渗透率均有不同程度的下降,与市售磺化沥青相比,加入实施例1~5制备的纳米封堵剂后的钻井液渗透率降幅显著,在加量为3wt%时封堵率可达98%以上,说明本发明所制得的纳米封堵剂改性缩酮在纳微米级地层中的封堵效果优良。
评价土:市售钻井液配浆用英国评价土。
本文中应用了具体个例对发明构思进行了详细阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离该发明构思的前提下,所做的任何显而易见的修改、等同替换或其他改进,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
将乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮、水、司盘80、丙二醇甲醚、乙酸乙酯在常温常压下搅拌1~1.5小时,所得产物即为钻井液用纳米封堵剂改性缩酮;所述乙酰乙酸乙酯丙二醇缩酮、水、司盘80、丙二醇甲醚、乙酸乙酯的重量比为78~88:10~15:4.0~6.0:3.0~5.0:5.0~7.0。
2.一种油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂,其是按照权利要求1所述方法制备得到的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂,其100纳米颗粒含量为50%~90%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的油田钻井液用纳米封堵剂,其常温中压滤失量降低率为50%~80%。
5.权利要求2~4任一项所述的纳米封堵剂在油田钻井液中的应用。
6.一种油田钻井液,其中含有权利要求2~4任一项所述的纳米封堵剂,以钻井液的总重量为基准,其中纳米封堵剂的含量为1wt%~5wt%。
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CN108239522A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种钻井液用微纳米封堵润滑剂及制备方法
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CN110423597A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 北京培康佳业技术发展有限公司 一种纳米封堵剂改性缩酮及其制备方法和油田钻井液

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CN108239522A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种钻井液用微纳米封堵润滑剂及制备方法
CN108300433A (zh) * 2018-03-01 2018-07-20 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 一种钻进页岩水平井用纳米复合封堵剂及其制备方法
CN110423597A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 北京培康佳业技术发展有限公司 一种纳米封堵剂改性缩酮及其制备方法和油田钻井液

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