Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for forming a breakwater which is convenient for storing and transporting raw materials and saves materials and the breakwater formed by the method for forming the breakwater, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for forming a breakwater, including:
providing a plate, and cutting the plate into a plurality of outer trapezoidal blanks according to a preset size;
providing another plate, and cutting the plate into a plurality of square intermediate blanks according to a preset size; the length of the middle blank is equal to that of the lower bottom edge of the outer blank;
taking two outer blanks and one middle blank, and butt-welding the lower bottom edges of the two outer blanks and the middle blank to ensure that the two outer blanks are symmetrically welded on two opposite sides of the middle blank in the width direction to obtain a plate to be punched;
stamping and forming the plate to be punched into an intermediate product with a preset shape;
and cutting, trimming and shaping the intermediate product to obtain the breakwater.
In one embodiment, in the step of cutting the plate into a plurality of outer blanks in a trapezoid shape according to a preset size, the lower bottom edge of each outer blank extends along the length direction of the plate, and two adjacent outer blanks on the plate are arranged in a central symmetry manner.
In one embodiment, the outer blank is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.
In one embodiment, in the step of cutting the plate into a plurality of square intermediate blanks according to the preset size, a length direction of the intermediate blanks extends along the length direction of the plate.
In one embodiment, the plate is made of aluminum alloy;
and the outer blank and the middle blank are connected by stirring friction welding through a stirring head.
In one embodiment, when welding is performed, the gap between the outer blank and the intermediate blank is less than 10% of the thickness of the plate material, the stirring head is inserted into the gap between the outer blank and the intermediate blank, and the depth of the stirring head inserted into the gap is consistent with the thickness of the plate material.
In one embodiment, before cutting the plate, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sequentially carrying out surface cleaning and oil stain detection on the plate to obtain the plate qualified in oil stain detection.
In one embodiment, the step of punch-forming the plate to be punched into an intermediate product with a predetermined shape includes: placing the plate to be punched on a punching device, and performing punch forming on the plate to be punched to obtain an intermediate product;
the step of cutting, trimming and shaping the intermediate product comprises the following steps: and cutting the intermediate product according to the preset size of the breakwater, removing the extending part at the end part of the intermediate product, and trimming and shaping the cut residual part to obtain the breakwater.
The invention also provides a breakwater which is formed by adopting the forming method.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the method for forming the wave-proof plate, the two outer blanks and the middle blank are welded and then subjected to punch forming, compared with a mode that one plate is directly subjected to punch forming in the related art, the requirement on the width dimension of the plate is reduced, and the plate is convenient to store and transport.
In the method for forming the wave-proof plate, the octagonal plate to be punched is obtained by welding the two outer blanks and the middle blank, so that included angles formed by corners of the plate to be punched are obtuse angles, and compared with the square plate, the area of the plate corresponding to the waste is smaller, so that the waste generated by cutting is reduced, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved, the raw materials are saved, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention and the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
For further explanation of the principles and construction of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a wave-proof plate which is suitable for a tank truck and is used for improving the stability of the tank truck in the process of transporting liquid.
The breakwater has an integral structure, and is divided into a middle breakwater and outer breakwaters arranged at opposite sides of the middle breakwater according to the width direction of the breakwater, wherein the two outer breakwaters are arranged in a mirror symmetry manner with respect to the middle breakwater, so that the breakwater is easily understood. In this embodiment, the two outer breakwaters and the middle breakwater are connected by welding.
The invention provides a method for forming a wave-proof plate, which has the advantages of convenient storage and transportation of raw materials and material saving.
The following describes the method of forming the breakwater in detail.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for forming the breakwater includes the following steps:
and S1, providing a plate, and cutting the plate into a plurality of outer blanks 1 in a trapezoid shape according to a preset size.
Specifically, the material of the plate may be aluminum alloy, steel or other materials.
Before the step of cutting the plate into a plurality of outer trapezoidal blanks 1 according to the preset size, the method further comprises the following steps of:
and (4) sequentially carrying out surface cleaning and oil stain detection on the plate to obtain the plate qualified in oil stain detection.
Specifically, the step of surface cleaning the sheet material comprises:
the surface of the plate is cleaned by the cleaning agent, oil stains and dust on the surface of the plate are removed, and then the plate is washed and dried.
The outer blank 1 corresponds to an outer breakwater of the breakwater, and thus, the outer blank 1 is blanked according to the outer breakwater.
When the plate is cut into a plurality of outer blanks 1 in a trapezoid shape, the lower bottom edge of each outer blank 1 extends along the length direction of the plate, the waist edge of each outer blank 1 extends along the width direction of the plate, and the two adjacent outer blanks 1 are centrosymmetric.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the upper bottom edge of the first outer blank 1, the lower bottom edge of the second outer blank 1, the upper bottom edge of the third outer blank 1, and the lower bottom edge of the fourth outer blank 1 are located on the same side of the plate. Correspondingly, the lower bottom edge of the first outer blank 1, the upper bottom edge of the second outer blank 1, the lower bottom edge of the third outer blank 1 and the upper bottom edge of the fourth outer blank 1 are all located on the same side of the plate. The shape of the second outer blank 1 is identical to the shape of the first outer blank 1 after being rotated 180 degrees, the shape of the third outer blank 1 is identical to the shape of the first outer blank 1, the shape of the fourth outer blank 1 is identical to the shape of the first outer blank 1 after being rotated 180 degrees, … …, and so on.
Further, a plurality of outer blanks are connected in a front-back mode, namely one edge, namely the trapezoid waist, is shared between two adjacent outer blanks 1, and waste of the plates can be reduced to a greater extent.
In this embodiment, the outer blank 1 is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.
The size of the outer blank 1 can be designed according to the size of the outer wave-proof plate before cutting, and then the plate raw material is blanked according to the size of the outer blank 1. The width blanking of panel is for being slightly greater than the width of outer blank 1 can, compare in relevant art through the shaping monoblock panel, the breakwater in this embodiment includes two outer blanks 1, and outer blank 1 can directly carry out the unloading on a panel and obtain for the width greatly reduced of panel, consequently, has reduced the width size requirement of panel raw and other materials, thereby the transportation and the storage of panel raw and other materials of being convenient for, and has reduced the purchase cost of raw and other materials.
And S2, providing another plate, and cutting the plate into a plurality of square middle blanks 2 according to a preset size, wherein the length of each middle blank 2 is equal to that of the lower bottom edge of the outer blank 1.
Before the step of cutting the plate into the plurality of square intermediate blanks 2 according to the preset size, the steps of cleaning the plate and detecting the oil stain are also included, and reference may be made to the processing of the plate in step S1, which is not described herein again.
The middle blank 2 corresponds to a middle breakwater of the breakwater. Thus, the intermediate blank 2 is blanked according to the intermediate breakwater.
When the plate material is cut into a plurality of square intermediate blanks 2, the length of the intermediate blanks 2 extends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material. Furthermore, a plurality of intermediate blanks 2 are connected in front and back, so that the waste of cutting is reduced.
In this embodiment, the intermediate material 2 has a rectangular shape, and the long side thereof extends in the longitudinal direction of the plate material.
Referring to fig. 3, a first intermediate blank 2, a second intermediate blank 2 and a third intermediate blank 3 are arranged in sequence, and so on. I.e. a sheet is cut to length into a plurality of intermediate blanks 2. Wherein the first intermediate blank 2 and the second intermediate blank 2 share the same short side, i.e. the width of the intermediate blank. The second intermediate blank 2 and the third intermediate blank 2 share the same short side, i.e. the width of the intermediate blank.
In this embodiment, the size of the intermediate blank 2 can be designed according to the size of the intermediate wave-proof plate before cutting, and then the plate material can be purchased according to the size of the intermediate blank 2. The width blanking of panel for slightly being greater than the width of middle blank 2 can, compare in the correlation technique through the shaping a monoblock panel and follow, the width greatly reduced of panel in this embodiment, consequently, reduced the width size requirement of panel raw and other materials to be convenient for the transportation and the storage of panel raw and other materials, and reduced the purchase cost of raw materials.
And S3, taking the two outer blanks 1 and the middle blank 2, butt-welding the lower bottom edges of the two outer blanks 1 and the middle blank 2, and symmetrically welding the two outer blanks 1 to the two opposite sides of the middle blank 2 in the width direction to obtain the plate to be punched.
Specifically, two outer blanks 1 cut in step S1, an intermediate blank 2 cut in step S2 are taken, and the two outer blanks 1 and the intermediate blank 2 are arranged in the manner shown in fig. 4, that is, the lower bottom edge of the outer blank 1 is opposite to the long edge of the intermediate blank 2, and the two outer blanks 1 are arranged on opposite sides of the intermediate blank 2 in the width direction.
And then, welding and connecting the lower bottom edge of the outer blank 1 with the long edge of the middle blank 2, so that the outer blank 1 is connected with the middle blank 2, and the plate to be punched is obtained.
In this embodiment, the plate to be punched is octagonal.
When the plate is made of aluminum alloy, the outer blank 1 and the middle blank 2 are connected by friction stir welding through a stirring head.
Specifically, when welding is performed by friction stir welding, the outer blank 1 and the intermediate blank 2 are placed on a welding table with a gap between the outer blank 1 and the intermediate blank 2. The gap extends in the length direction of the intermediate blank 2 and the dimension of the gap in the width direction of the intermediate blank 2 is less than 10% of the thickness of the sheet material.
The welded stirring head is inserted into the gap between the outer blank 1 and the middle blank 2, and the depth of the stirring head inserted into the gap is consistent with the thickness of the plate.
The rotating speed of the stirring head is 1000 rpm-1200 rpm, and the advancing speed is 600 mm/min-800 mm/min.
And after the stirring head finishes welding the outer blank 1 and the middle blank 2, polishing redundant aluminum scraps extruded by the shaft shoulder in the welding process to obtain the plate to be punched with a smooth surface.
The welding of the outer blank 1 and the middle blank 2 is realized by friction stir welding, the obtained welding seam has good sealing performance, good welding effect and high mechanical strength, and the requirement on the structural strength of the formed breakwater is met.
And S4, punching and forming the plate to be punched into an intermediate product with a preset shape.
And placing the plate to be punched on a punching device, and performing punch forming on the plate to be punched to obtain an intermediate product with a preset shape.
The stamping forming process is the same as that of a whole square plate in the related art, and is not described in detail here.
By adopting the plate to be punched in the embodiment, namely the octagonal structure formed by the two outer blanks 1 and the middle blank 2, included angles formed by the corners of the plate to be punched are all obtuse angles. The corner respectively refers to the included angle between the upper bottom edge and the waist of the outer blank 1 and the included angle between the waist of the outer blank 1 and the short edge of the middle blank 2.
With the square panel that adopts among the prior art, earlier square panel cuts the panel that obtains the octagon promptly, then carries out the punching press to panel, in the octagon of this embodiment treats punching press panel, the area that the waste material corresponds on panel is littleer for cut the waste material that produces and can reduce about 12% at least, improved raw materials utilization ratio, practiced thrift the raw materials, and then the cost is reduced.
And S5, cutting, trimming and shaping the intermediate product to obtain the breakwater.
Cutting the middle product according to the preset size of the wave-proof plate, removing the extending part of the end part of the middle product, trimming and shaping the cut residual part to remove the cutting slag of the end part of the wave-proof plate, and polishing the edge part to enable the edge part to be in fillet transition to obtain the wave-proof plate.
The trimming and shaping process is the same as the trimming and shaping process of a whole square plate in the related art, and is not described in detail here.
In the method for forming the wave-proof plate in the embodiment, the two outer blanks 1 and the middle blank 2 are welded and then subjected to punch forming, so that compared with a method of directly performing punch forming on one plate in the related art, the requirement on the width dimension of the plate is reduced, and the plate is convenient to store and transport.
The octagonal plate to be punched is obtained by welding the two outer blanks 1 and the middle blank 2, so that the included angle formed by the corners of the plate to be punched is an obtuse angle, the area of the plate to which the waste material corresponds is smaller than that of the plate to which the square plate is adopted, the waste material generated by cutting can be reduced by at least about 12%, the raw material utilization rate is improved, the raw material is saved, and the cost is reduced.
In addition, in the embodiment, a plate is cut into a plurality of outer trapezoidal blanks along the length direction, so that when the plate is cut, only a part of the end part of the plate needs to be cut, and other parts can be utilized, therefore, waste materials are reduced, the utilization rate of the plate is greatly improved, materials are saved, and further, the cost is reduced.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.