CN112275799B - Steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking - Google Patents
Steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking Download PDFInfo
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking, which comprises the following steps: step S1, processing an embedded groove of a steel plate, step S2 surface treatment, step S3 butt joint and flattening to realize pre-installation, step S4 rolling of a pre-installation workpiece, and step S5 heat treatment; the invention overcomes the problem that the primary compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate can be realized only by a single-pass large reduction rate during the compounding rolling in the prior art, the embedded groove is processed at the contact surface of the steel plate, the steel-aluminum bimetal embedded primary compounding is realized through multi-pass small reduction rate rolling under the action of embedded mechanical interlocking after the embedded groove is embedded with the aluminum plate, and the diffusion bonding effect during the heat treatment is increased by utilizing the obtained mechanical interlocking structure, so that the interface contact bonding strength is fully improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials and preparation methods thereof, and particularly relates to a steel-aluminum bimetal rolling and compounding method with embedded groove interlocking.
Background
The steel-aluminum bimetal plate is compounded by taking steel as a matrix and aluminum as a reinforcement, and the prepared aluminum plate reinforced steel-based composite material has wide development space and application prospect in the industries of machinery, electronic and electric appliances, aerospace, automobiles and the like. However, since aluminum instantaneously forms an oxide film in the air, which seriously hinders the recombination of steel and aluminum, it is necessary to roll the aluminum plate at a high reduction ratio to largely deform the aluminum plate, thereby sufficiently breaking the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum plate and exposing fresh metal inside the aluminum plate to bond with the steel.
The existing steel-aluminum cold rolling composite method generally adopts single-pass rolling with the reduction rate of more than 55 percent to form steel-aluminum primary combination, the combination strength is low at the moment, the steel-aluminum primary combination is strengthened by heat treatment, and after atoms are fully diffused, high-strength combination is formed on an interface. However, the thickness of the steel-aluminum composite plate produced by the method is generally less than 5 mm. For producing thick steel-aluminum composite plates by a cold rolling compounding method, because the primary compounding can be realized only by requiring the single-pass reduction rate to be more than 55%, otherwise, steel and aluminum are easy to separate after rolling, the aluminum surface of a to-be-combined interface is instantly oxidized again to hinder compounding, and the premise that the first-pass reduction rate is more than 55% is also required to be taken as the premise for carrying out multi-pass rolling. However, the rolling reduction of the thick steel-aluminum bimetallic plate in single pass is more than 55%, which has high requirements on the rolling capability of rolling mill equipment and is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking, which adopts a method that an embedded groove is processed on a steel plate, the steel and aluminum are tightly attached by utilizing a mechanical interlocking structure obtained after rolling, so that air is prevented from entering an interface to be compounded, the surface of the aluminum can be prevented from being oxidized when secondary rolling is carried out, the aluminum plate can be greatly deformed at multiple times of small reduction ratios, an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum plate is fully crushed, and fresh metal in the aluminum plate is exposed and effectively combined with the steel; the method enables the steel plate and the aluminum plate to be embedded and then to be rolled for multiple times to realize the steel-aluminum bimetal embedded rolling compounding, and utilizes the obtained mechanical interlocking structure to increase the contact pressure between the steel and the aluminum during heat treatment, thereby being more beneficial to the mutual diffusion of atoms to form high-strength combination, realizing the cold rolling compounding of the steel and the aluminum under the condition of multiple times and small reduction ratio, and reducing the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a steel-aluminum bimetal rolling and compounding method with embedded groove interlocking, and the method is realized as follows: the embedded groove is processed on the contact surface of the steel plate, the steel plate is embedded with the aluminum plate and then is rolled by multiple times of small reduction rate to realize the embedded primary composite method of the steel-aluminum bimetal, and the obtained mechanical interlocking structure is utilized to increase the diffusion bonding effect during heat treatment on the one hand and fully improve the interface contact bonding strength; on the other hand, the cold rolling compounding of the steel and the aluminum under the condition of multi-pass small reduction ratio is realized, and the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment is reduced.
The invention discloses a steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking, which comprises the following steps of:
step S1, processing the embedded groove: processing an embedded groove of a steel plate to be rolled, wherein the embedded groove is in a dovetail groove or an arc groove shape; obtaining a relational expression among the size of the groove, the thickness and the width of the steel plate and the thickness and the width of the aluminum plate by analyzing a failure mode when the composite plate with the embedded groove is rolled, and realizing the processing of the groove matched with the aluminum plate to be rolled on the steel plate;
the relational expressions between the groove size of the dovetail groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate, and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are:
b＝a/2 (3)
wherein h is the slotting depth of the steel plate to be rolled; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled; alpha is a dovetail groove angle;
the relational expressions among the groove size of the arc-shaped groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are as follows:
b＝a/2 (6)
wherein h is the grooving depth of the steel plate to be rolled; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled;
step S2, surface treatment: cleaning the oxide and oil stains on the surface to be compounded of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the steel plate to be rolled obtained in the step S1;
step S3, butting and flattening to realize pre-assembly: processing an embedded groove or an arc-shaped groove at the contact surface of the steel plate to be rolled, embedding the embedded groove or the arc-shaped groove with the aluminum plate to be rolled, and then, prepressing and flattening by using a hydraulic machine to realize preliminary butt joint preassembly;
step S4, rolling the pre-assembled workpiece: rolling the pre-installed workpiece in the step S3 to realize pre-compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal embedded mechanical interlocking composite plate to obtain a pre-composite plate;
step S5, heat treatment: and (4) carrying out a heat treatment process on the pre-clad plate in the step S4, and annealing for 1h at the temperature of 350-600 ℃.
Further, in the step S1, the embedded groove is processed by a milling machine or a wire cutting.
Further, in the step S2, in the surface treatment, the oxide on the surface to be compounded is removed by a wire brush, a sand paper or a grinding wheel, and the oil stain on the surface to be compounded is wiped clean by acetone and alcohol, and then dried by a blower for standby.
Further, the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the width of the groove of the steel plate to be rolled in the step S3 have interference, so that the interference fit of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the steel plate to be rolled can be realized.
Further, in the step S4, rolling the pre-installed workpiece by adopting a rolling mill for multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the rolling speed is 0.1-5 m/S, the single-pass reduction rate is 10% -60%, and the embedded preliminary mechanical interlocking structure of the steel plate and the aluminum plate is obtained; and then multi-pass rolling is carried out, the total reduction rate of cold rolling is ensured to be more than 55 percent, the primary compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate is realized, and the shearing strength of the composite plate is more than 74 MPa.
Further, the pre-clad plate is annealed for 1 hour in the step S5 and then cooled along with the furnace, so as to obtain the steel-aluminum bimetal clad plate.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the existing steel-aluminum bimetal compounding process, the invention solves the problem that the primary compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate can be realized only by a single-pass large reduction rate during the compounding rolling in the prior art, the shearing strength of the composite plate is measured to be more than 74MPa by a tensile testing machine under the condition that the total reduction rate of two passes is more than 58% by preparing a shearing test piece, the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment is reduced compared with the rolling under the condition that the reduction rate of one pass is the same, and the compounding strength is improved by more than 15MPa compared with the single-pass rolling.
(2) The steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking can realize that the aluminum plate is greatly deformed at multiple times of small reduction ratios, so that an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum plate is fully crushed, and fresh metal in the aluminum plate is exposed and effectively combined with steel;
(3) according to the invention, the embedded groove is processed at the contact surface of the steel plate, the steel plate is embedded with the aluminum plate and then is rolled by multiple times of small reduction ratio to realize embedded primary compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal, and the obtained mechanical interlocking structure is utilized to increase the diffusion bonding effect during heat treatment, so that atoms are diffused mutually to form high-strength bonding, and the interface contact bonding strength is fully improved; on the other hand, the cold rolling compounding of the steel and the aluminum under the condition of multi-pass small reduction ratio is realized, and the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment is reduced.
(4) The reduction rate required by mechanical meshing or pre-compounding of the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate in a single pass needs to be more than 55%, and rolling equipment is difficult to provide the rolling force required by compounding. Therefore, in consideration of the rolling capacity of rolling equipment, most of the rolling processes of the existing composite plates adopt a hot rolling process, the invention realizes that mechanical occlusion or pre-compounding is completed in a single-pass small reduction mode, and cold rolling compounding can be realized after multi-pass small reduction cold rolling. The invention also has the advantages of low production cost, high efficiency, convenience for industrial production and the like. And the interface oxidation caused by blank heating does not exist, and intermetallic compounds are not easy to generate on the interface. The composite board with better quality can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an inventive flow chart of a steel-aluminum bi-metal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlock of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of a dovetail groove machined on the surface of a steel plate to be rolled by the steel-aluminum bimetal rolling composite method with embedded groove interlocking of the invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of the butt-joint and embedding of the aluminum plate to be rolled according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic view of the surface of a steel plate to be rolled being processed with an arc-shaped groove according to the steel-aluminum bimetal rolling composite method with embedded groove interlocking of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic view of the butt-joint and embedding of the aluminum plate to be rolled according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of shear strength versus strain for a total reduction of 58% in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph of shear strength versus strain for a total reduction of 65% in example 2.
In the drawings, the main reference numbers:
5052 aluminum plate 1; q235 steel plate 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a rolling compounding method of a steel-aluminum bimetal with embedded groove interlocking, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, processing the embedded groove: processing an embedded groove of a steel plate to be rolled, wherein the shape of the groove is a dovetail groove or an arc groove; the relational expression among the size of the groove, the thickness and the width of the steel plate and the thickness and the width of the aluminum plate can be obtained by analyzing the failure mode when the composite plate with the embedded groove is rolled, so that the groove matched with the aluminum plate to be rolled is machined, including the grooving depth and the groove angle of the machined groove;
the relational expressions between the groove size of the dovetail groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate, and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are:
b＝a/2 (3)
wherein h is the slotting depth of the steel plate to be rolled; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled; alpha is a dovetail groove angle;
the relational expressions among the groove size of the arc-shaped groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are as follows:
b＝a/2 (6)
wherein h is the grooving depth or the groove diameter of the steel plate to be rolled; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled;
step S2, surface treatment: cleaning the oxide and oil stains on the surface to be compounded of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the steel plate to be rolled obtained in the step S1;
step S3, butting and flattening to realize pre-assembly: processing an embedded groove or an arc-shaped groove at the contact surface of the steel plate to be rolled, embedding the embedded groove or the arc-shaped groove with the aluminum plate to be rolled, and then, prepressing and flattening by using a hydraulic machine to realize preliminary butt joint preassembly;
step S4, rolling the pre-assembled workpiece: rolling the pre-installed workpieces in the step S3 to realize pre-compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal embedded mechanical interlocking composite plate;
step S5, heat treatment: and (4) carrying out a heat treatment process on the pre-clad plate in the step S4, and annealing for 1h at the temperature of 350-600 ℃.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, example 1 is an example of composite rolling of a Q235 steel plate 2 to be rolled with a dovetail groove and an aluminum plate 1 to be rolled 5052;
step S1, processing an embedded dovetail groove: processing the Q235 steel plate 2 with the width of 30mm into an embedded dovetail groove by a milling machine, and preferably selecting a groove angle of 45 degrees, a groove depth of 2mm, a steel plate thickness of 5mm, a 5052 aluminum plate 1 with the thickness of 4mm and the width of 15mm by a dovetail groove calculation formula, wherein the length of the steel plate aluminum plate is greater than the width;
step S2, surface treatment: removing oxides on the surface to be compounded of the 5052 aluminum plate 1 and the Q235 steel plate 2 obtained in the step S1 by using a steel wire brush, sand paper or a grinding wheel, wiping oil stains on the surface to be compounded clean by using acetone and alcohol, and then drying the surface to be compounded for later use by using a blower;
step S3, butting and flattening to realize pre-assembly: processing an embedded dovetail groove at the contact surface of the Q235 steel plate 2, embedding the embedded dovetail groove with the 5052 aluminum plate 1, and then prepressing and flattening by using a hydraulic machine to realize preliminary butt joint preassembly;
step S4, rolling the pre-assembled workpiece: the pre-assembled workpiece is rolled at 30% reduction rate in the first pass to realize embedded primary mechanical interlocking of the Q235 steel plate 2 and the 5052 aluminum plate 1, and then the pre-compounding of the steel-aluminum composite plate is realized through 40% reduction rate in the second pass;
step S5, heat treatment: annealing the pre-clad plate for 1h at 400 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the steel-aluminum composite metal plate.
By preparing a shearing test piece, under the condition that the two-pass total reduction rate is 58%, the shearing strength of the composite plate is measured to be 74MPa (as shown in figure 4) by a tensile testing machine, compared with the condition that the single-pass reduction rate is 58%, the invention reduces the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment, and the composite strength is improved by nearly 15MPa compared with the single-pass reduction rate.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, example 2 is an example of clad-rolling a Q235 steel sheet 2 to be rolled with an arc-shaped groove and an aluminum sheet 1 to be rolled 5052.
Step S1, processing the embedded groove: processing an embedded groove in a Q235 steel plate 2 with the width of 10mm by a milling machine, preferably selecting the groove depth of 2mm and the steel plate thickness of 5mm by an arc groove parameter calculation formula, and when an aluminum plate 1 to be rolled 5052 is 4mm in thickness and 5mm in width, the length of the aluminum plate is greater than the width of the aluminum plate;
step S2, surface treatment: removing oxides on the contact surfaces of the Q235 steel plate 2 and the 5052 aluminum plate 1 by using a steel wire brush, sand paper or a grinding wheel, wiping the surfaces by using acetone and alcohol, and then drying the surfaces by using a blower for later use;
step S3, butting and flattening to realize pre-assembly: embedding a 5052 aluminum plate 1 into a slotted Q235 steel plate 2, and then prepressing and flattening by using a hydraulic press to realize preliminary butt joint preassembly;
step S4, rolling the pre-assembled workpiece: the pre-assembled workpiece is rolled at 30% reduction rate in the first pass to realize embedded primary mechanical interlocking of the Q235 steel plate 2 and the 5052 aluminum plate 1, and then the pre-compounding of the steel-aluminum composite plate is realized through 30% reduction rate in the second and third passes;
step S5, heat treatment: annealing the pre-clad plate at 450 ℃ for 1h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the steel-aluminum composite metal plate.
Under the condition that the three-pass total reduction rate is 65%, the shear strength of the composite plate is measured to be 81MPa (as shown in figure 5) through a tensile testing machine, and compared with the condition that the single-pass reduction rate is 65%, the invention reduces the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment, and the composite strength is improved by nearly 20MPa compared with the single-pass reduction rate.
In conclusion, the prepared steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate has better composite state and diffusion condition than the same type of steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate with the same reduction ratio, so that the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate has better mechanical property, the obtained mechanical interlocking structure is utilized to increase the contact pressure between steel and aluminum during heat treatment, atoms are more favorably diffused mutually to form high-strength combination, the cold rolling combination of the steel and the aluminum under the multi-pass low reduction ratio is realized, and the requirement on the rolling capacity of rolling mill equipment is reduced.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A rolling compounding method of steel-aluminum bimetal with embedded groove interlocking is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, processing the embedded groove: processing an embedded groove of a steel plate to be rolled, wherein the embedded groove is in a dovetail groove or an arc groove shape; obtaining a relational expression among the size of the groove, the thickness and the width of the steel plate and the thickness and the width of the aluminum plate by analyzing a failure mode when the composite plate with the embedded groove is rolled, and realizing the processing of the groove matched with the aluminum plate to be rolled on the steel plate;
the relational expressions between the groove size of the dovetail groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate, and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are:
b＝a/2 (3)
wherein h isThe slotting depth of the rolled steel plate; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled; alpha is a dovetail groove angle;
the relational expressions among the groove size of the arc-shaped groove, the thickness and width of the steel plate and the thickness and width of the aluminum plate are as follows:
b＝a/2 (6)
wherein h is the grooving depth or the groove diameter of the steel plate to be rolled; h is1Is the thickness of the steel plate to be rolled; h is2Is the thickness of the aluminum plate to be rolled; a is the width of the steel plate to be rolled; b is the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled;
step S2, surface treatment: cleaning the oxide and oil stains on the surface to be compounded of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the steel plate to be rolled obtained in the step S1;
step S3, butting and flattening to realize pre-assembly: processing an embedded groove at the contact surface of a steel plate to be rolled, embedding the embedded groove with an aluminum plate to be rolled, and then prepressing and flattening by using a hydraulic machine to realize preliminary butt joint preassembly;
step S4, rolling the pre-assembled workpiece: rolling the pre-installed workpiece in the step S3 to realize pre-compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal embedded mechanical interlocking composite plate to obtain a pre-composite plate;
step S5, heat treatment: and (4) carrying out a heat treatment process on the pre-clad plate in the step S4, and annealing for 1h at the temperature of 350-600 ℃.
2. The steel-aluminum bimetal roll cladding method with in-line groove interlocking of claim 1, wherein the in-line groove machining of step S1 is performed by a milling machine or wire cutting.
3. The steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with the embedded groove interlock according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the surface treatment is performed by removing oxides on the surface to be compounded with a wire brush, a sand paper or a grinding wheel, wiping oil stains on the surface to be compounded with acetone and alcohol, and drying the surface to be compounded with a fan for later use.
4. The steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with in-line groove interlocking according to claim 1, wherein the width of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the width of the groove of the steel plate to be rolled in the step S3 have interference, so that the interference fitting of the aluminum plate to be rolled and the steel plate to be rolled can be realized.
5. The steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with the embedded groove interlocking function according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the pre-assembled workpiece is rolled by a rolling mill for multiple cold rolling, the rolling speed is 0.1-5 m/S, the single reduction is 10% -60%, and an embedded preliminary mechanical interlocking structure of the steel plate and the aluminum plate is obtained; and then multi-pass rolling is carried out, the total reduction rate of cold rolling is ensured to be more than 55 percent, the primary compounding of the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate is realized, and the shearing strength of the composite plate is more than 74 MPa.
6. The method for roll-cladding steel-aluminum bimetal with embedded groove interlocking according to claim 1, wherein the pre-clad plate is annealed for 1 hour in step S5 and then cooled with a furnace, thereby obtaining the steel-aluminum bimetal composite plate.
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| CN202011257708.7A CN112275799B (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Steel-aluminum bimetal rolling compounding method with embedded groove interlocking |
| JP2021182967A JP7107610B2 (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2021-11-10 | Process for producing interlocking steel-aluminum composite rolled material with embedded grooves |
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| CN209139504U (en) * | 2018-11-10 | 2019-07-23 | 瓯锟科技温州有限公司 | A kind of steel combined with aluminum strip |
| CN111318565A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-23 | 安徽工业大学 | Rolling compounding method of dissimilar metal with embedded rib and groove interlocking |
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| JP2022077516A (en) | 2022-05-23 |
| JP7107610B2 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
| CN112275799A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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