CN112273190A

CN112273190A - Device for resource utilization of urban garden waste and urban sludge

Info

Publication number: CN112273190A
Application number: CN202010746087.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶雨洋; 王梦潇; 王璇; 顾书畅; 杨雨竹
Original assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Current assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Priority date: 2020-07-29
Filing date: 2020-07-29
Publication date: 2021-01-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a crushing-fermentation integrated device for crushing garden waste and mixing, decomposing and fermenting the garden waste and municipal sludge, wherein the crushing device is arranged at the top of the device, the side edge of the crushing device is provided with a vent, and the upper part of the crushing device is provided with a switch port for receiving the garden waste; the fermentation device is communicated with the crushing device and is positioned at the lower part of the crushing device, and an input (output) port and a ventilation belt are arranged at the side edge of the crushing device. The invention relates to the technical field of crushers and fermentation. The device for fermentation uses EVA sponge rubber mat and other environment-friendly materials to maintain reaction conditions. And the bottom of the device is provided with universal wheels, so that the garden waste can be conveniently moved and treated. The invention carries out resource utilization on the two wastes of the city, and can reduce the discharge amount of garbage; secondly, the nutrient circulation of urban green land can be promoted, and the expenditure of forest maintenance, garbage disposal and the like is reduced; thirdly, land resources can be saved; and the soil and the ecology can be improved.

Description

Device for resource utilization of urban garden waste and urban sludge

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mixed treatment method of garden waste and municipal sludge, in particular to a method for treating garden waste and municipal sludge by using earthworms and related microbial inoculum.

Background

With the continuous development of urban forestry, the urban green planting area is continuously enlarged, so the quantity of garden wastes is also increasing day by day, the traditional method for treating garden wastes, such as landfill, incineration, compost and other technologies, has high cost, low input-output ratio and great pollution to the environment, wherein the most important defects are that nutrients in the garden wastes cannot return to the garden green plants, the nutrients cannot be recycled, and partial functions of an urban ecological system are gradually weakened.

Aiming at a plurality of problems brought by the traditional treatment of garden wastes, the device for recycling the urban garden wastes and the urban sludge, which is provided by the invention, is a re-innovation aiming at the defects of the traditional method, has small floor area, and can be moved to facilitate the collection of wastes; the cost is low; meanwhile, the whole process is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and the most prominent characteristic is that the nutrients of the garden waste are returned to urban green plants again, thereby being beneficial to the development of urban forestry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a device for resource utilization of urban garden waste and urban sludge, which comprises the following steps: a crushing area, a decomposition reaction chamber and a universal pulley; the decomposition reaction chamber is arranged at the lower part of the crushing area, the universal pulley is arranged at the bottom of the whole device,

wherein the crushing area comprises a switch opening at the top and an internal crusher;

the switch opening is used for throwing garden waste, is provided with a handle for convenient lifting, is provided with a ventilation opening on the side surface,

the pulverizer is used for pulverizing garden waste to promote the next decomposition reaction;

the material used at the top of the crushing area is a solar panel and is used for supplying power to the device;

the decomposition reaction chamber device for resource utilization of the urban garden waste and the urban sludge is connected with the upper crushing area through the movable partition plate, so that the movement of the garden waste is facilitated;

the decomposition reaction chamber device for resource utilization of the urban garden waste and the urban sludge is provided with an input/output door;

the input/output door is used for putting and outputting garden waste, municipal sludge and earthworms.

In the decomposition reaction chamber device for resource utilization of urban garden waste and urban sludge, an EVA sponge rubber mat and other environment-friendly materials are required to be used for controlling the decomposition reaction conditions.

In the decomposition reaction chamber device for resource utilization of urban garden waste and urban sludge, the device walls on two sides are provided with a plurality of ventilation belts to ensure normal decomposition.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting.

The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials used are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

Firstly, the amount of the litters and the amount of the pruned waste branches and leaves generated in the green land per unit area per year are estimated according to the areas and the densities of different green planting areas, and are compared and analyzed with the amount of garden wastes decomposed by the device, so that the number of the devices is reasonably arranged.

The method for utilizing the device for resource utilization of the urban garden waste and the urban sludge comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting and pretreating: manually collecting branches, fallen leaves and the like as garden waste, and performing primary treatment to enable the garden waste to be thrown into a crushing area of the device through a switch opening (A1); adding appropriate amount of pretreated municipal sludge and moderate amount of Lumbricus (Eihetia rubescens or Armillaria mellea) via input/output gate of the device;

(2) adjusting environmental parameters: various environmental parameters of the device, including temperature, humidity, PH value and the like of the decomposition reaction chamber, are monitored by the sensor, so that the environmental parameters are kept within the proper range for the survival of the earthworms.

(3) Mixing and decomposing: after the garden waste is crushed, opening a partition plate between the crushing area (A) and the decomposition reaction chamber (B) to mix the garden waste with the sludge and the earthworms in the decomposition reaction chamber (1) for decomposition, and simultaneously adding a proper amount of exogenous additives (alkyl sugar, cellulose degrading enzyme) and exogenous microbial agents (azotobacter chroococcum culture solution and chamotte chroococcum culture solution) to promote decomposition reaction;

(4) and (3) outputting: when the fertility of the soil in the step (3) reaches a required value, replacing the soil with certain fertility by the treated municipal sludge in the step (1) through an input/output door (B1), and screening out earthworms and putting the earthworms back to the device (paying attention to timely supplement and replace unhealthy earthworms);

(5) nutrient regression: covering the green plant edges around the device with the nutrient soil obtained in the step (4) to realize nutrient circulation.

In the whole implementation step, the staff is required to regularly check and maintain the device, and the effectiveness of the decomposition process is ensured. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made on the basis of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a finished drawing of the apparatus

FIG. 2 is a view showing the inside of the apparatus

Fig. 3 is a three-view of the device.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device of urban garden discarded object and municipal sludge resource utilization which characterized in that includes: a crushing area (A), a decomposition reaction chamber (B) and a universal wheel (C); the decomposition reaction chamber (B) is arranged below the crushing area (A), the universal wheel (C) is arranged at the bottom of the whole device,

wherein the crushing area (A) comprises an opening and closing opening (A1); the decomposition reaction chamber (B) comprises an input/output gate (B1);

the switch opening (A1) is used for throwing garden waste, is positioned at the topmost end of the whole device, and is provided with a handle in the middle for lifting the switch opening (A1);

the input/output gate (B1) is used for throwing the preliminarily treated municipal sludge, outputting soil with certain fertility and replacing earthworms.

2. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein a crusher is required in said crushing zone (a) for crushing garden waste.

3. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the top material of said comminution zone (a) is a solar panel for providing electrical energy.

4. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein said grinding area (A) is provided with air holes on both sides for ventilation.

5. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein a movable partition is provided between the comminution zone (a) and the decomposition reaction chamber (B), which can be opened or closed, for direct input of the garden waste from the comminution zone (a) into the decomposition reaction chamber (B) for a series of decomposition reactions.

6. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of openable and closable ventilation belts are provided on the walls of the decomposition reaction chamber (B) on both sides to provide a basic condition for the decomposition of the garden waste.

7. The apparatus for recycling municipal garden waste and municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein said decomposition reaction chamber (B) requires the use of EVA sponge mat and other environmentally friendly materials for the control of the decomposition reaction conditions.

8. A method for treating urban garden waste and urban sludge by using the treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: comparing and analyzing the garden waste output and the garden waste treatment capacity of each device according to the garden waste output of each region of each city and the prediction of the garden waste treatment capacity of each device, and reasonably putting the devices in the device;

step two: putting collected garden waste into a device from a top switch port (A1) for crushing, simultaneously inputting the preliminarily treated garden waste and a proper amount of earthworms into the device from an input/output door (B1), opening a partition plate between a crushing area (A) and a decomposition reaction chamber (B) when the garden waste is crushed to a certain degree, and enabling the garden waste to enter a decomposition area for decomposition, wherein in the decomposition process, relevant microbial agents in the decomposition chamber need to be adjusted and optimized, and various environmental indexes in the decomposition chamber are strictly controlled according to actual conditions;

step three: after the garden waste is decomposed in the decomposition reaction chamber (B) in a series of ways to enable soil in the garden waste to reach a required fertility value, the garden waste is taken out from the input/output door (B1), earthworms in the garden waste are screened out and put back into the device again, and the rest soil covers the periphery of urban green plants, so that nutrients of the garden waste are returned to the garden green plants, and the cyclic utilization of the nutrients is realized; meanwhile, in the treatment process, personnel are required to perform regular inspection and maintenance on the device.