CN112270051B - Carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method - Google Patents
Carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method. Describing longitudinal vibration of a sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed string; based on the simulation results of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and the indicator diagram, a simulation model of the net torque of the crankshaft and the input power of the motor is established; describing characteristic parameters of pump indicator diagram graphs according to the graph characteristics of the pump indicator diagrams under different working conditions, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network. The carbon fiber sucker rod column optimization and working condition diagnosis method provided by the invention can improve the application effect of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod and fully exert the superiority of a carbon fiber sucker rod pumping system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method.
Background
The carbon fiber continuous sucker rod is formed by solidifying high-strength carbon fiber and glass fiber by taking epoxy resin as a base material, and has the characteristics of light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. Since 2000 years, each oil field in China sequentially develops field test application research of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod, and certain scale application is obtained in certain oil fields. The field practical application result shows that compared with the steel rod oil pumping system, the carbon fiber rod oil pumping system has certain electricity saving effect.
The carbon fiber sucker rod is in a tensile state all the time in the working process, so the carbon fiber sucker rod and the steel sucker rod are used in a mixed mode, the bottom rod column is the steel rod, the top rod column is the carbon fiber sucker rod, and the system is a mixed rod column pumping system of the carbon fiber sucker rod and the steel sucker rod. Regarding hybrid rod string pumping systems, such as steel wire rope and steel hybrid rod pumping systems, glass fiber reinforced plastic and steel hybrid rod pumping systems, dynamic simulation optimization and pump condition diagnosis technologies are systematically researched by expert students at home and abroad, but specific researches on carbon fiber and steel hybrid rod pumping systems are not yet available.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method, which aims to overcome the defect that an oil pumping system consisting of a carbon fiber and steel mixed rod is lack of optimization and diagnosis in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, describing longitudinal vibration of a sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed string;
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
c: propagation speed of sound in sucker rod
m/s；
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρ r : density of sucker rod material, kg/m 3 ；
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
u (t): suspension point movement displacement, m;
P p : a liquid load, N, acting on the pump plunger;
according to the established mathematical model and numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained. The sucker rod string arbitrary section load is calculated from the following formula:
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
P: the load of any section of the sucker rod string, N;
s2, based on simulation results of longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and an indicator diagram, establishing a simulation model of net torque of a crankshaft and input power of a motor;
wherein: simulation of crankshaft net torque:
wherein: m is M N : crank shaft net torque, N.m;
B W : the pumping unit is unbalanced in structure and N;
M C : maximum balancing torque of the crank counterweight, N.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s 2 ；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ 0 : crank initial rotation angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad.
η CL : mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit; k (k) 1 : coefficient, when v A ＞0，k 1 -1; when v A K is less than or equal to 0 1 =1; w: balance weight of walking beam, N;
L W : balance radius of walking beam balance weight, m;
τ y0 : a walking beam balance weight offset angle, rad;
τ y : a walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
Wherein: n (N) M : instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: instantaneous power utilization of motor, β=n MO /P N ；
P N : rated power of the motor, kW;
P 0 : the power consumption of the motor, kW;
η N : motor efficiency rating.
Wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
wherein: p (P) e : the effective power of the system, kW;
h: the effective lifting height, m;
ρ m : density of oil-water two-phase mixture 10 3 kg/m 3 。
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to the oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L 1 ,L 2 )
according to the established objective function combined constraint condition, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, and a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to calculate an optimal solution, so that a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
and step S3, describing characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram graph according to the graph characteristics of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on the artificial neural network.
(III) beneficial effects
The carbon fiber sucker rod column optimization and working condition diagnosis method provided by the invention can improve the application effect of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod, fully exert the superiority of the carbon fiber sucker rod system, and research the technologies such as mechanical property, plunger stroke loss, energy consumption and system efficiency of the carbon fiber mixed rod column, optimization and diagnosis of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod system are key technologies for ensuring the normal and efficient operation of the system, and have important practical significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing and diagnosing the working condition of a carbon fiber sucker rod string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, describing longitudinal vibration of a sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed string;
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
c: propagation speed of sound in sucker rod
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρ r : density of sucker rod material, kg/m 3 ；
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
u (t): suspension point movement displacement, m;
P p : a liquid load, N, acting on the pump plunger;
according to the established mathematical model and numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained. The sucker rod string arbitrary section load is calculated from the following formula:
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
P: the load of any section of the sucker rod string, N;
s2, based on simulation results of longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and an indicator diagram, establishing a simulation model of net torque of a crankshaft and input power of a motor;
wherein: simulation of crankshaft net torque:
wherein: m is M N : crank shaft net torque, N.m;
B W : the pumping unit is unbalanced in structure and N;
M C : maximum balancing torque of the crank counterweight, N.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s 2 ；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ 0 : crank initial rotation angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad.
η CL : mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit;
k 1 : coefficient, when v A ＞0，k 1 -1; when v A K is less than or equal to 0 1 ＝1；
W: balance weight of walking beam, N;
L W : balance radius of walking beam balance weight, m;
τ y0 : a walking beam balance weight offset angle, rad;
τ y : a walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
Wherein: n (N) M : instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: instantaneous power utilization of motor, β=n MO /P N ；
P N : rated power of the motor, kW;
P 0 : the power consumption of the motor, kW;
η N : motor efficiency rating.
Wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
wherein: p (P) e : the effective power of the system, kW;
h: the effective lifting height, m;
ρ m : density of oil-water two-phase mixture 10 3 kg/m 3 。
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to the oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L 1 ,L 2 )
according to the established objective function combined constraint condition, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, and a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to calculate an optimal solution, so that a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
and step S3, describing characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram graph according to the graph characteristics of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on the artificial neural network.
According to the invention, a pole stress simulation model, a pole design method and a working condition diagnosis method are built according to the underground pole stress condition, an indicator diagram test result, a fault analysis result, a test condition and the like, so that the dynamic characteristic and the energy-saving mechanism of the carbon fiber continuous pole oil pumping system are obtained, and the pole optimization design and the working condition diagnosis are carried out.
The carbon fiber sucker rod column optimization and working condition diagnosis method provided by the invention has the following functions:
(1) Coordination of supply and production relationships
Drawing a well inflow characteristic curve according to oil reservoirs and production parameters of an oil well, and displaying the relation between the flow pressure and the yield; drawing a change curve of shaft pressure and temperature along with well depth according to oil reservoir and production parameters of an oil well and oil return temperature of an oil layer and a wellhead, and obtaining simulation results of discharge pressure, suction pressure, flowing pressure and oil layer temperature; and drawing a current outflow dynamic curve of the oil well and a outflow dynamic curve after parameter adjustment according to oil deposit and production parameters of the oil well, parameter adjustment parameter setting and the like, obtaining a coordinated relation of production and production, and predicting the production and the flow pressure after parameter adjustment.
(2) Performing dynamic parameter simulation
And carrying out system efficiency and dynamic parameter simulation according to oil reservoirs and production parameters of the oil well, and further obtaining a displacement coefficient and system efficiency calculation result, a suspension point and plunger motion law curve, a suspension point and oil pump indicator diagram, a reduction gearbox output shaft torque curve and a motor power and efficiency curve.
Performing dynamic characteristic simulation evaluation
And comparing and simulating the two working conditions with the same parameters and the same yield to evaluate the dynamic performance of the carbon fiber system and the steel rod system.
(4) Performing optimized design of a pole
And simulating the influence rule of the pole combination pair and the system dynamic parameters through the basic parameter design of the oil well and the pole design constraint condition setting, so as to obtain a pole combination optimal design result.
(5) Performing parameter and column integral optimization
And according to the production parameters of the pumping unit, the sucker rod string parameters and certain constraint condition, taking the highest system efficiency as an optimization target, and applying an optimization algorithm to carry out optimization design on the pumping parameters to obtain the optimized parameter combination and comparison results of the system efficiency before and after optimization, the indicator diagrams before and after optimization, the crank torque and the motor efficiency.
(6) Pump condition diagnostic analysis
And according to the production parameters of the oil reservoir and the oil well, the actual measurement indicator diagram of the suspension point simulates the indicator diagram of the pump, and the pump condition is diagnosed, so that a diagnosis result is output.
Simulating a suspension point indicator diagram, a suspension point maximum load and a suspension point minimum load of the carbon fiber rod pumping system of the 13 wells by using a dynamic parameter simulation module, wherein the suspension point maximum load simulation error is less than +/-10%, and the average error is-0.82%; the minimum load simulation errors of the suspension points are all less than +/-15%, and the average error is-2.34%.
Table 1 System dynamic parameter simulation and actual measurement result comparison Table
Based on the suspension point indicator diagram, the working condition diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the working condition, the intelligent diagnosis result is consistent with the manual analysis result, and the coincidence rate is 100%.
Table 2 Intelligent diagnosis results and Manual analysis results comparison Table
| Sequence number | Well number | Intelligent diagnosis result | Results of manual analysis |
| 1 | Well 1 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
| 2 | Well 2 | Wax deposition and qi influence | Influence of Qi |
| 3 | Well 3 | Leakage, wax deposition and gas influence of fixed valve | Leakage, wax deposition and gas influence of fixed valve |
| 4 | Well 4 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
| 5 | Well 5 | Severe inadequate supply of liquid | Severe inadequate supply of liquid |
| 6 | Well 6 | Wax deposition and qi influence | Wax deposition and qi influence |
| 7 | Well 7 | Waxing and serious insufficient liquid supply | Waxing and serious insufficient liquid supply |
| 8 | Well 8 | Wax deposition and qi influence | Influence of Qi |
| 9 | Well 9 | Waxing and serious insufficient liquid supply | Severe inadequate supply of liquid |
| 10 | Well 10 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, describing longitudinal vibration of a sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed string;
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
c: propagation speed of sound in sucker rod
m/s；
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρ r : density of sucker rod material, kg/m 3 ；
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
u (t): suspension point movement displacement, m;
P p : a liquid load, N, acting on the pump plunger;
according to the established mathematical model and numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained; the sucker rod string arbitrary section load is calculated from the following formula:
wherein:
u (x, t): axial displacement of any section x and m of the sucker rod string at the moment t;
E r : elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m 2 ；
A r : cross-sectional area of sucker rod, m 2 ；
P: the load of any section of the sucker rod string, N;
s2, based on simulation results of longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and an indicator diagram, establishing a simulation model of net torque of a crankshaft and input power of a motor;
wherein: simulation of crankshaft net torque:
wherein: m is M N : crank shaft net torque, N.m;
B W : the pumping unit is unbalanced in structure and N;
M C : maximum balancing torque of the crank counterweight, N.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s 2 ；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ 0 : crank initial rotation angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad;
η CL : mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit;
k 1 : coefficient, when v A ＞0，k 1 -1; when v A K is less than or equal to 0 1 ＝1；
W: balance weight of walking beam, N;
L W : balance radius of walking beam balance weight, m;
τ y0 : a walking beam balance weight offset angle, rad;
τ y : a walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
Wherein: n (N) M : instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: instantaneous power utilization of motor, β=n MO /P N ；
P N : rated power of the motor, kW;
P 0 : the power consumption of the motor, kW;
η N : motor nominal efficiency;
wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
wherein: p (P) e : the effective power of the system, kW;
h: the effective lifting height, m;
ρ m : density of oil-water two-phase mixture 10 3 kg/m 3；
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to the oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L 1 ,L 2 )
according to the established objective function combined constraint condition, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, and a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to calculate an optimal solution, so that a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
step S3, describing characteristic parameters of pump indicator diagram graphs according to the graph characteristics of the pump indicator diagrams under different working conditions, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network;
the diagnostic method further comprises:
drawing a well inflow characteristic curve according to oil reservoirs and production parameters of an oil well, and displaying the relation between the flow pressure and the yield; drawing a change curve of shaft pressure and temperature along with well depth according to oil reservoir and production parameters of an oil well and oil return temperature of an oil layer and a wellhead, and obtaining simulation results of discharge pressure, suction pressure, flowing pressure and oil layer temperature; drawing a current outflow dynamic curve of the oil well and a outflow dynamic curve after parameter adjustment according to oil deposit and production parameters of the oil well, parameter adjustment parameter setting and the like, obtaining a coordinated relation of production supply, and predicting the output and the flow pressure after parameter adjustment;
carrying out system efficiency and dynamic parameter simulation according to oil reservoirs and production parameters of an oil well, and further obtaining a displacement coefficient and system efficiency calculation result, a suspension point and plunger motion rule curve, a suspension point and oil pump indicator diagram, a reduction gearbox output shaft torque curve and a motor power and efficiency curve;
performing dynamic characteristic simulation evaluation;
the dynamic performance of the carbon fiber system and the steel rod system is compared and simulated according to two working conditions with the same parameters and the same yield;
simulating the influence rule of a pole combination pair and a system dynamic parameter through the basic parameter design of an oil well and the constraint condition setting of pole design, so as to obtain a pole combination optimal design result;
according to the production parameters of the pumping unit, the sucker rod string parameters and certain constraint conditions, taking the highest system efficiency as an optimization target, and applying an optimization algorithm to carry out optimization design on the pumping parameters to obtain an optimized parameter combination and comparison results of the system efficiency before and after optimization, the indicator diagrams before and after optimization, the crank torque and the motor efficiency;
and according to the production parameters of the oil reservoir and the oil well, the actual measurement indicator diagram of the suspension point simulates the indicator diagram of the pump, and the pump condition is diagnosed, so that a diagnosis result is output.
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| CN109522619A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of low-permeability oilfield period oil production method |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 不停机间抽装置电参示功图现场应用试验;魏显峰等;《中外能源》;20191215(第12期);第50-53页 * |
| 定向井有杆抽油系统抽汲参数的优化设计和仿真模型;董世民等;《石油学报》;20080115(第01期);第2节 * |
| 抽油机井节能参数优化设计方法;张喜顺等;《价值工程》;20111208(第34期);第1-2节 * |
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