CN112270051A - Method for optimizing rod column of carbon fiber sucker rod and diagnosing working condition - Google Patents
Method for optimizing rod column of carbon fiber sucker rod and diagnosing working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN112270051A CN112270051A CN202011151754.9A CN202011151754A CN112270051A CN 112270051 A CN112270051 A CN 112270051A CN 202011151754 A CN202011151754 A CN 202011151754A CN 112270051 A CN112270051 A CN 112270051A
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- sucker rod
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a method for optimizing a carbon fiber sucker rod string and diagnosing working conditions. The method comprises the steps of describing the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed rod string; establishing a simulation model of the net torque of a crankshaft and the input power of a motor based on the simulation result of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and an indicator diagram; according to the graphic features of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, the characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram are described, a calculation model of the characteristic parameters is established, and an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network is established. The carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method provided by the invention can improve the application effect of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod and give full play to the advantages of the carbon fiber sucker rod pumping system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a method for optimizing a carbon fiber sucker rod string and diagnosing working conditions.
Background
The carbon fiber continuous sucker rod is formed by solidifying high-strength carbon fibers and glass fibers by taking epoxy resin as a base material, and has the characteristics of light weight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. From 2000 years in China, field test application research of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod is developed successively in each oil field in China, and certain scale application is achieved in some oil fields. The field practical application result shows that the carbon fiber rod oil pumping system has certain electricity-saving effect compared with a steel rod oil pumping system.
The carbon fiber sucker rod should be in the pulling force state all the time at the working process, therefore the carbon fiber sucker rod should use with the steel sucker rod is mixed, and the bottom pole is the steel pole, the top pole is the carbon fiber sucker rod, and the system is the mixed rod-string oil pumping system of carbon fiber sucker rod + steel sucker rod promptly. With respect to dynamic simulation optimization and pump condition diagnosis technologies of a hybrid rod-string oil pumping system, such as a steel wire rope + steel hybrid rod oil pumping system and a glass fiber reinforced plastic + steel hybrid rod oil pumping system, experts and scholars at home and abroad carry out system research, but specific research is still lacked for the carbon fiber + steel hybrid rod oil pumping system.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a method for optimizing a carbon fiber sucker rod string and diagnosing working conditions, which aims to overcome the defect that an oil pumping system consisting of carbon fibers and a steel mixed rod is not optimized and diagnosed in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for optimizing a rod column of a carbon fiber sucker rod and diagnosing working conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, describing the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed rod string;
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
c: speed of sound propagation in sucker rods
m/s；
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρr: density of sucker rod material, kg/m3；
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
u x (t): suspension point motion displacement, m;
Pp: a hydraulic load, N, acting on the plunger of the pump;
according to the established mathematical model and the numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained. The load at any section of the sucker rod string is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
P: any cross-sectional load of the sucker rod string, N;
step S2, establishing a simulation model of the net torque of the crankshaft and the input power of the motor based on the simulation result of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and the indicator diagram;
wherein: simulation of the net torque of a crankshaft:
in the formula: mN: crankshaft net torque, n.m;
BW: the pumping unit structure does not balance weight N;
MC: maximum balance torque of the crank counterweight, n.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ0: initial crank angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad.
ηCL: the mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit;
k1: coefficient when vA＞0，k1-1; when v isAWhen k is less than or equal to 0, k1＝1；
W: beam counterweight weight, N;
LW: the balance radius of the beam counterweight, m;
τy0: a walking beam counterweight offset angle, rad;
τy: walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
In the formula: n is a radical ofM: instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: electric motorInstantaneous power utilization of, β ═ NMO/PN；
PN: rated power of the motor, kW;
P0: the idle power consumption of the motor, kW;
ηN: the motor has a rated efficiency.
Wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
in the formula: pe: system real power, kW;
h: effective lifting height, m;
ρm: oil-Water two-phase mixture Density 103kg/m3。
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to an oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L1,L2)
according to the established objective function and constraint conditions, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to solve an optimal solution, and a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
and step S3, according to the graphic characteristics of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, describing the characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network.
(III) advantageous effects
The carbon fiber sucker rod string optimization and working condition diagnosis method provided by the invention can improve the application effect of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod, fully play the advantages of the carbon fiber sucker rod oil pumping system, and research on the mechanical characteristics of the carbon fiber mixed rod string of the carbon fiber continuous sucker rod oil pumping system, the plunger stroke loss, the energy consumption, the system efficiency, the optimization, the diagnosis and other technologies are key technologies for ensuring the normal and efficient operation of the system, thereby having important practical significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing and diagnosing the working conditions of a carbon fiber sucker rod string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a method for optimizing a carbon fiber sucker rod string and diagnosing working conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, describing the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed rod string;
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
c: speed of sound propagation in sucker rods
m/s；
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρr: density of sucker rod material, kg/m3；
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
u x (t): suspension point motion displacement, m;
Pp: a hydraulic load, N, acting on the plunger of the pump;
according to the established mathematical model and the numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained. The load at any section of the sucker rod string is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
P: any cross-sectional load of the sucker rod string, N;
step S2, establishing a simulation model of the net torque of the crankshaft and the input power of the motor based on the simulation result of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and the indicator diagram;
wherein: simulation of the net torque of a crankshaft:
in the formula: mN: crankshaft net torque, n.m;
BW: the pumping unit structure does not balance weight N;
MC: maximum balance torque of the crank counterweight, n.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ0: initial crank angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad.
ηCL: the mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit;
k1: coefficient when vA＞0，k1＝－1; when v isAWhen k is less than or equal to 0, k1＝1；
W: beam counterweight weight, N;
LW: the balance radius of the beam counterweight, m;
τy0: a walking beam counterweight offset angle, rad;
τy: walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
In the formula: n is a radical ofM: instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: instantaneous power utilization of the motor, β ═ NMO/PN；
PN: rated power of the motor, kW;
P0: the idle power consumption of the motor, kW;
ηN: the motor has a rated efficiency.
Wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
in the formula: pe: system real power, kW;
h: effective lifting height, m;
ρm: oil-Water two-phase mixture Density 103kg/m3。
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to an oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L1,L2)
according to the established objective function and constraint conditions, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to solve an optimal solution, and a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
and step S3, according to the graphic characteristics of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, describing the characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network.
According to the method, a rod string stress simulation model, a rod string design method and a working condition diagnosis method are established according to the underground rod string stress condition, the indicator diagram test result, the fault analysis result, the test condition and the like, so that the dynamic characteristics and the energy-saving mechanism of the carbon fiber continuous rod oil pumping system are obtained, and the rod string optimization design and the working condition diagnosis are carried out.
The method for optimizing the rod column of the carbon fiber sucker rod and diagnosing the working condition has the following functions:
(1) coordinating supply and production relationships
Drawing a well inflow characteristic curve according to the oil deposit and production parameters of the oil well, and displaying the relation between the flowing pressure and the yield; drawing a variation curve of the pressure and the temperature of the shaft along with the well depth according to the oil deposit and production parameters of the oil well and the oil layer and the oil return temperature of the well mouth to obtain a simulation result of the discharge pressure, the suction pressure, the flow pressure and the oil layer temperature; and drawing a current outflow dynamic curve of the oil well and a parameter-adjusted outflow dynamic curve according to the oil deposit and production parameters, parameter-adjusted parameter setting and the like of the oil well to obtain a production coordination relationship, and predicting the output and flow pressure after parameter adjustment.
(2) Performing dynamic parameter simulation
And simulating the system efficiency and dynamic parameters according to the oil deposit and production parameters of the oil well, and further obtaining a displacement coefficient and system efficiency calculation result, a suspension point and plunger motion rule curve, a suspension point and oil pump indicator diagram, a reduction gearbox output shaft torque curve and a motor power and efficiency curve.
Performing dynamic characteristic simulation evaluation
And comparing and simulating the dynamic performance of the carbon fiber system and the steel rod system according to two working conditions of the same parameters and the same yield.
(4) Optimization design of pole
And simulating the influence rule of the rod and column combination pair and the dynamic parameters of the system by setting the basic parameter design and the rod and column design constraint conditions of the oil well to obtain the optimal design result of the rod and column combination.
(5) Performing parameter and pole integral optimization
According to the production parameters of the pumping unit, the parameters of the sucker rod string and certain constraint conditions, the optimal design of pumping parameters is carried out by applying an optimization algorithm with the highest system efficiency as an optimization target, and the parameter combination after optimization and the comparison results of the system efficiency before and after optimization, the indicator diagram before and after optimization, the crank torque and the motor efficiency are obtained.
(6) Pump condition diagnostic analysis
And according to the production parameters of the oil reservoir and the oil well, actually measuring an indicator diagram of the suspension point, simulating a pump indicator diagram, diagnosing the pump condition and outputting a diagnosis result.
Simulating a suspension point indicator diagram, a suspension point maximum load and a suspension point minimum load of a carbon fiber rod oil pumping system of a 13-hole well by using a dynamic parameter simulation module, wherein simulation errors of the suspension point maximum load are all less than +/-10%, and the average error is-0.82%; the simulation errors of the minimum load of the suspension point are all less than +/-15 percent, and the average error is-2.34 percent.
TABLE 1 comparison table of dynamic parameter simulation and actual measurement results of system
Based on the suspension point indicator diagram, the working condition diagnosis module is applied to diagnose the working condition, the intelligent diagnosis result is consistent with the manual analysis result, and the coincidence rate is 100%.
TABLE 2 comparison table of intelligent diagnosis result and manual analysis result
| Serial number | Number of well | Intelligent diagnosis result | Results of manual analysis |
| 1 | Well 1 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
| 2 | Well 2 | Influence of wax deposition and gas | Influence of Qi |
| 3 | Well 3 | Influence of leakage, wax deposition and gas of fixed valve | Influence of leakage, wax deposition and gas of fixed valve |
| 4 | Well 4 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
| 5 | Well 5 | Severe inadequate liquid supply | Severe inadequate liquid supply |
| 6 | Well 6 | Influence of wax deposition and gas | Influence of wax deposition and gas |
| 7 | Well 7 | Wax deposition and serious insufficient liquid supply | Wax deposition and serious insufficient liquid supply |
| 8 | Well 8 | Influence of wax deposition and gas | Influence of Qi |
| 9 | Well 9 | Wax deposition and serious insufficient liquid supply | Severe inadequate liquid supply |
| 10 | Well 10 | Normal pump condition | Normal pump condition |
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for optimizing a rod column of a carbon fiber sucker rod and diagnosing working conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, describing the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string by adopting a wave equation, and establishing a numerical simulation model of the wave equation of the carbon fiber-steel mixed rod string;
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
c: speed of sound propagation in sucker rods
m/s；
V: damping coefficient of oil well liquid to sucker rod string is 1/s;
ρr: density of sucker rod material, kg/m3；
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
u x (t): suspension point motion displacement, m;
Pp: a hydraulic load, N, acting on the plunger of the pump;
according to the established mathematical model and the numerical simulation model of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string, the displacement u (x, t) of any section x of the sucker rod string at any time t can be obtained. The load at any section of the sucker rod string is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula:
u (x, t): axial displacement m of the sucker rod string at any section x and at time t;
Er: elastic modulus of sucker rod material, N/m2；
Ar: cross sectional area of sucker rod, m2；
P: any cross-sectional load of the sucker rod string, N;
step S2, establishing a simulation model of the net torque of the crankshaft and the input power of the motor based on the simulation result of the longitudinal vibration of the sucker rod string and the indicator diagram;
wherein: simulation of the net torque of a crankshaft:
in the formula: mN: crankshaft net torque, n.m;
BW: the pumping unit structure does not balance weight N;
MC: maximum balance torque of the crank counterweight, n.m;
g: acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
τ: crank counterweight offset angle, rad;
θ0: initial crank angle, rad;
θ: crank angle, rad.
ηCL: the mechanical transmission efficiency from the output shaft of the reduction gearbox to the suspension point of the pumping unit;
k1: coefficient when vA＞0，k1-1; when v isAWhen k is less than or equal to 0, k1＝1；
W: beam counterweight weight, N;
LW: the balance radius of the beam counterweight, m;
τy0: a walking beam counterweight offset angle, rad;
τy: walking beam swing angle, rad;
wherein the motor input power is simulated
In the formula: n is a radical ofM: instantaneous input power of the motor, kW;
beta: instantaneous power utilization of the motor, β ═ NMO/PN；
PN: rated power of the motor, kW;
P0: the idle power consumption of the motor, kW;
ηN: the motor has a rated efficiency.
Wherein: the petroleum industry standard effective power simulation model is as follows:
in the formula: pe: system real power, kW;
h: effective lifting height, m;
ρm: oil-Water two-phase mixture Density 103kg/m3。
Determining an objective function of the optimization design according to an oil well coordination equation:
maxη＝maxη(L1,L2)
according to the established objective function and constraint conditions, a pole combination optimization model can be obtained, a penalty function optimization algorithm is applied to solve an optimal solution, and a pole and system optimization design method is obtained:
and step S3, according to the graphic characteristics of the pump indicator diagram under different working conditions, describing the characteristic parameters of the pump indicator diagram, establishing a calculation model of the characteristic parameters, and establishing an intelligent pump condition diagnosis method based on an artificial neural network.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109522619A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of low-permeability oilfield period oil production method |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109522619A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of low-permeability oilfield period oil production method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 庞路伟: "有杆泵深抽系统动态仿真与参数优化", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 张喜顺等: "抽油机井节能参数优化设计方法", 《价值工程》 * |
| 董世民等: "定向井有杆抽油系统抽汲参数的优化设计和仿真模型", 《石油学报》 * |
| 魏显峰等: "不停机间抽装置电参示功图现场应用试验", 《中外能源》 * |
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