CN112268071A - Self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112268071A CN112268071A CN202011117801.8A CN202011117801A CN112268071A CN 112268071 A CN112268071 A CN 112268071A CN 202011117801 A CN202011117801 A CN 202011117801A CN 112268071 A CN112268071 A CN 112268071A
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- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 51
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- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/18—Sliding surface consisting mainly of wood or fibrous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D33/00—Producing bushes for bearings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
- D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D06M15/256—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/16—Sliding surface consisting mainly of graphite
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber fabric modification-based self-lubricating bearing and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the self-lubricating bearing comprises an outer lining and an inner lining arranged in the outer lining, the inner lining comprises a metal substrate and a fiber resin composite layer positioned on the metal substrate, a fiber fabric treated by a silane coupling agent and an epoxy resin-based composite material are soaked to obtain a fiber fabric composite material, then the fiber fabric composite material and the metal substrate are subjected to two steps of pre-pressing and thermosetting to obtain a plane dry friction self-lubricating composite material, and the plane dry friction self-lubricating composite material is rolled into a shaft sleeve inner lining to be arranged in the outer lining to obtain the self-lubricating bearing. The dry friction self-lubricating bearing has good bearing capacity, the friction coefficient is effectively reduced, and the self-lubricating performance is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machinery, relates to a sliding bearing and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly relates to a self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Because of the limitation of some working conditions, sometimes the sliding bearing has to work under the harsh working conditions (such as high temperature, high pressure, dusty environment), and the common fluid lubrication sliding bearing cannot be well adapted to the requirement of the special working conditions because of the limitation of the friction characteristics of the materials. The self-lubricating bearing can better keep better lubricating property under the oil-free condition by solving the limitation of depending on grease lubrication, so that the research on the self-lubricating material bearing is the mainstream research trend at present, and how to design the self-lubricating bearing with better mechanical strength and good tribological property is a hotspot of the research in the field of tribology.
Most of the traditional self-lubricating bearings are of powder metallurgy integral sintering or self-lubricating filler mosaic structures, and due to the limitation of structures and materials, the tribological properties of the bearings expressed under the working conditions of high temperature, high pressure and the like can not meet the increasing requirements. With the advent of high performance fibers, the situation was greatly improved. The reinforcing effect of the high-performance fibers endows the novel self-lubricating bearing with the advantages which are not possessed by the traditional self-lubricating bearing such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, good fatigue resistance and thermal stability. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber which is one of the three high-performance fibers is prepared by a gel hot stretching process, molecular chains of the UHMWPE fiber are completely stretched in the preparation process, and the internal orientation crystallization is higher, so that the strength and the modulus of the UHMWPE fiber are greatly improved, the specific strength, the specific modulus and the like of the UHMWPE fiber are higher than those of carbon fiber and aramid fiber, the UHMWPE fiber has high wear resistance, is the best plastic, has good self-lubricating property, can be comparable to Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is an ideal self-lubricating material, has lower price than polytetrafluoroethylene, has better application prospect in the tribology field, can well meet the requirements of the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like on self-lubricating bearing materials, and promotes the development of related fields. Different from single fiber tows, the fiber fabric can not only improve the strength and the wear resistance of the material to the maximum extent, but also ensure that the lubricating filler is more deeply and uniformly distributed to a friction interface by gaps among the fibers and surface textures of the fibers, thereby enhancing the lubricating effect of the material. The fabric reinforcement can keep the mechanical and tribological properties of the material in the warp and weft directions consistent, and the composite material is not easy to wrinkle and easy to be molded and formed when being prepared, and has unique advantages. In addition, the material has good thermal conductivity, can help to prevent the degradation of the resin matrix and the delamination of the fibers, and keeps the performance of the material.
The modified and reinforced UHMWPE fiber fabric, the resin-based composite material and the metal substrate are integrated into a self-lubricating sliding bearing, which is an effective method for improving the friction and wear conditions of the traditional self-lubricating bearing, and enables the shaft working under the dry friction working condition to obtain better self-lubricating effect, thereby obtaining better economic benefit.
The fiber fabric metal backing type composite bearing on the market is mainly applied to industries of automobiles, bicycles and the like. For example, the conventional automobile steering column generally uses a rolling bearing, and with the continuous development of a self-lubricating bearing, most of the automobile industries select a fiber fabric metal lining type composite bearing to support the automobile steering column at present; as is also common in the conventional bicycle industry in rear derailleur design, sliding bearings and plastic bearings are used, whereas if a composite bearing of the UHMWPE fiber fabric metal backing type is used instead, such a bearing would have the advantages of being lightweight, low friction, corrosion resistant, etc., compared to conventional bearings. In general, the metal backing type composite bearing of the UHMWPE fabric, which is lighter and simpler, can better realize the intelligent design of mechanical parts and has the advantages of vibration reduction, reliability, time saving, good economic benefit and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification and a manufacturing method thereof in order to overcome the defects of the traditional self-lubricating bearing, and the self-lubricating bearing with the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, good fatigue resistance, good thermal stability and the like is obtained.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification is characterized in that: the inner liner comprises an outer liner and an inner liner arranged in the outer liner, wherein the inner liner comprises a metal substrate and a fiber resin composite layer positioned on the metal substrate, the fiber resin composite layer is prepared by hot-pressing and curing a fiber fabric impregnated epoxy resin-based composite material, and the epoxy resin-based composite material comprises an epoxy resin binder and a friction self-lubricating material.
Further, the fiber fabric is an UHMWPE fiber fabric subjected to silane coupling agent reinforcing and modifying treatment.
Further, the epoxy resin binder is composed of an epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent.
Further, the curing agent is a 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole curing agent.
Further, the friction self-lubricating material is composed of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
The manufacturing method of the self-lubricating bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, carrying out surface modification on UHMWPE fiber fabric by using a silane coupling agent treatment method;
mixing and stirring epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent according to a ratio to prepare an epoxy resin binder for later use;
selecting graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder as friction self-lubricating materials according to a proportion;
mixing the prepared epoxy resin adhesive and the friction self-lubricating material according to a proportion, and preparing the epoxy resin-based composite material by ultrasonic mixing and stirring;
fifthly, taking out the UHMWPE fabric prepreg subjected to surface modification after being placed in an epoxy resin-based composite material for a period of time, and preparing the UHMWPE fabric prepreg into a pre-cured UHMWPE fabric composite material;
placing the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material in a pre-cured state on a metal substrate, carrying out low-temperature hot pressing for a period of time through a hot press, and then carrying out high-temperature hot pressing and curing to prepare a planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
step seven, trimming the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material, and rolling the trimmed planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material into a shaft sleeve to obtain a liner of the dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
and step eight, mounting the dry friction self-lubricating composite material lining obtained in the step seven in an outer lining to obtain the self-lubricating bearing.
Further, the specific steps in the first step are as follows: immersing the UHMWPE fiber fabric into KH550 solution, and drying after ultrasonic dispersion for 60 min.
Further, in the second step, the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the epoxy diluent are mixed in a ratio of the epoxy resin binder as a total amount, in terms of mass fraction: 80-90% of epoxy resin, 2-7% of curing agent and 5-15% of epoxy diluent.
Further, in the third step, the ratio of the graphite, the molybdenum disulfide and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is calculated by taking the friction self-lubricating material as a total amount and by mass fraction: graphite 25-35%, molybdenum disulfide (MoS)2) 15-25% of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder and 45-55% of PTFE powder.
Further, in the fourth step, the ratio of the epoxy resin adhesive to the friction self-lubricating material is based on the total amount of the epoxy resin-based composite material, and the weight percentages are as follows: 70-95% of epoxy resin adhesive and 5-30% of friction self-lubricating material.
Further, in the sixth step, the specific process is as follows: the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material and the metal substrate are firstly hot-pressed and cured for 25-40min at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ so as to increase the infiltration effect of the fiber and the resin and reduce the defects of the finished product, and then the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material and the metal substrate are hot-pressed and cured for 50-70min at the temperature of 90-110 ℃ so as to prepare the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the inner liner of the self-lubricating bearing, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out surface modification on UHMWPE fiber fabric by using a silane coupling agent treatment method;
mixing and stirring epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent according to a ratio to prepare an epoxy resin binder for later use;
selecting graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder as friction self-lubricating materials according to a proportion;
mixing the prepared epoxy resin adhesive and the friction self-lubricating material according to a proportion, and preparing the epoxy resin-based composite material by ultrasonic mixing and stirring;
fifthly, taking out the UHMWPE fabric prepreg subjected to surface modification after being placed in an epoxy resin-based composite material for a period of time, and preparing the UHMWPE fabric prepreg into a pre-cured UHMWPE fabric composite material;
placing the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material in a pre-cured state on a metal substrate, carrying out low-temperature hot pressing for a period of time through a hot press, and then carrying out high-temperature hot pressing and curing to prepare a planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
and seventhly, trimming the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material, and rolling the trimmed planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material into a shaft sleeve to obtain the inner liner of the dry friction self-lubricating composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional dry friction self-lubricating bearing, the dry friction self-lubricating bearing manufactured by the method has the advantages that the traditional self-lubricating bearing has high specific strength, high specific modulus, good fatigue resistance, good thermal stability and the like; the metal such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like is used as the metal substrate, so that the sliding bearing has the advantages of good strength, high hardness and the like, and the bearing capacity of the sliding bearing is greatly improved; the epoxy resin-based composite material can be combined with UHMWPE fiber through surface treatment of UHMWPE fiber fabricThe fabric is better combined and is difficult to be debonded and damaged; in the friction process, the graphite has good antifriction and wear-resistant performance and mainly plays a role in antifriction; addition of MoS2The material has better wear resistance, can play a role in stabilizing a resin adhesive, and effectively prevents the resin from being bonded to the surface of a mating surface caused by high friction temperature; the addition of PTFE can form a layer of transfer film on the surface of the mating part in the friction process to a greater extent, so that the friction process is converted into the counter-friction between the transfer films, and the friction coefficient can be better reduced and the wear resistance of the transfer films can be better improved. The dry friction self-lubricating bearing obtained through the treatment has good bearing capacity, the friction coefficient is effectively reduced, and the self-lubricating performance is remarkably improved.
UHMWPE is an ideal friction and wear material due to its high wear resistance and good self-lubricity. Different from single fiber tows, the fiber fabric can not only improve the strength and the wear resistance of the material to the maximum extent, but also ensure that the lubricating filler is more deeply and uniformly distributed to a friction interface by gaps among the fibers and surface textures of the fibers, thereby enhancing the lubricating effect of the material. The mechanical and tribological properties of the fabric reinforced material in the warp and weft directions can be kept consistent, and the fabric reinforced material is not easy to wrinkle and easy to be molded and formed when being prepared into a composite material. In addition, the material has good thermal conductivity, can help to prevent the degradation of the resin matrix and the delamination of the fibers, and keeps the performance of the material.
The invention has the characteristics of low friction coefficient, good self-lubricating property and small abrasion loss in a dry friction state, has wider application range, and has better application prospect in the aspects of bicycle speed changers, automobile steering column shafting, passenger car or high-speed rail automatic doors, ship cabin door hinges, deck low-speed motors and the like at present.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the friction coefficient of the self-lubricating bearing manufactured in example 1 and a stainless steel blank set tested by a CBZ-1 marine shafting friction wear tester in the examples.
In the figure: 1-outer lining, 2-inner lining, 21-metal substrate, 22-fiber resin composite layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The invention provides a fiber fabric modification-based self-lubricating bearing which comprises an outer bushing and an inner lining layer arranged in the outer bushing, wherein the inner lining layer comprises a metal substrate and a fiber resin composite layer positioned on the metal substrate, the fiber resin composite layer is prepared by impregnating fiber fabric with an epoxy resin-based composite material through hot-pressing and curing, and the epoxy resin-based composite material is composed of an epoxy resin binder and a friction self-lubricating material.
The inner liner and the outer liner can be installed by positioning devices such as positioning grooves or positioning bolts, relative rotation between the inner liner and the outer liner is prevented, the outer liner can be made of the same material as a metal substrate or made of different materials, and the outer liner is generally preferably made of metal.
The fiber fabric is an UHMWPE fiber fabric subjected to silane coupling agent reinforcement modification treatment, and the epoxy resin binder consists of epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent.
In this embodiment, the metal bushing is made of stainless steel, and has the advantages of light weight, high hardness and the like.
In this embodiment, the curing agent of the epoxy resin binder is a 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole curing agent.
In this embodiment, the friction self-lubricating material is made of graphite and molybdenum disulfide (MoS)2) With Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder, graphite, MoS2The PTFE powder has excellent friction reducing and wear resisting performance after being mixed, and forms a bearing main friction bearing part with UHMWPE fiber fabric in the friction process;
the friction mechanism of the epoxy resin-based composite material is that a layer of transfer film is formed on the surface of a friction coupling part through friction, and the friction between the original metal coupling part and a friction self-lubricating material is converted into the friction between the transfer film on the surface of the coupling part and the friction self-lubricating material, so that the friction coefficient in work is greatly reduced, and the generation of friction heat in the friction process is reduced, therefore, the epoxy resin-based composite material is an ideal friction form.
The epoxy resin-based composite material has good bonding capability, high-temperature debonding resistance, wear resistance and wear resistance, and can prevent the resin from bonding to the surface of a mating part due to high friction temperature;
the UHMWPE fiber fabric in the epoxy resin-based composite material is an UHMWPE fiber fabric treated by a silane coupling agent; by carrying out surface treatment on the UHMWPE fiber fabric by using 5% KH-550 silane coupling agent, a large amount of attachments are generated on the surface of the fiber, and the attachments can obviously increase the roughness of the fiber fabric; in addition to creating attachments, this treatment also increases the number of grooves on the surface of the fibers, which is more favorable for the bonding of the fiber fabric to the epoxy resin-based composite material.
The embodiment also comprises a manufacturing method of the self-lubricating bearing based on the fiber fabric modification, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out surface modification on UHMWPE fiber fabric by using a silane coupling agent treatment method;
wherein the silane coupling agent is 5% KH550 solution, and the fiber fabric is immersed and ultrasonically dispersed for 60min and then dried for standby.
Secondly, adding 80-90% of epoxy resin, 2-7% of curing agent and 5-15% of epoxy diluent by mass percent into the epoxy resin and 2-ethyl-4 methylimidazole curing agent, and mixing and stirring to prepare an epoxy resin binder for later use;
thirdly, preparing the friction self-lubricating material according to the following mass fractions: 30% graphite, 20% MoS2With 50% PTFE powder.
Fourthly, ultrasonically mixing and stirring the prepared epoxy resin adhesive and the friction self-lubricating material according to the mass fraction of 70-95% of the epoxy resin adhesive and 5-30% of the friction self-lubricating material to prepare an epoxy resin-based composite material;
fifthly, taking out the UHMWPE fiber fabric prepreg subjected to surface modification after being placed in an epoxy resin-based composite material for a period of time, and preparing the UHMWPE fiber fabric prepreg into a pre-cured UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material;
sixthly, placing the UHMWPE fabric composite material in a pre-cured state on a metal substrate, utilizing a hot press to perform hot-press curing for half an hour at the temperature of 50 ℃ so as to increase the infiltration effect of the fibers and the resin and reduce the defects of a finished product, and then performing hot-press curing for one hour at the temperature of 100 ℃ to prepare the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
polishing and shearing to remove redundant fiber fabrics and epoxy resin-based composite materials on the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
eighthly, rolling the plane dry friction self-lubricating composite material manufactured in the seventh step into a shaft sleeve to obtain a dry friction self-lubricating composite material lining, and installing the obtained dry friction self-lubricating composite material lining in an outer lining to obtain the self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification.
The dry friction self-lubricating bearing manufactured by the method has the advantages that the traditional self-lubricating bearing has high specific strength, high specific modulus, good fatigue resistance, good thermal stability and the like, and the traditional self-lubricating bearing does not have;
by surface treatment of the UHMWPE fiber fabric, the epoxy resin-based composite material can be well combined with the fiber fabric and is difficult to be debonded and damaged; meanwhile, as the epoxy resin and the metal have better bonding performance, the epoxy resin matrix composite material and the stainless steel metal substrate have better bonding performance; the dry friction self-lubricating bearing has the characteristics of low friction coefficient, small abrasion loss and better thermal stability under the dry friction working condition; the processing mode saves the traditional sintering or hole opening processes and the like, and the three component structures can be manufactured in batch, so that the production is more economical; the dry friction self-lubricating bearing with the lining layer obtained by performing material proportioning, mixing and stirring, heating, curing and bonding and rolling the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material through the procedures can effectively reduce the friction coefficient, and meanwhile, because stainless steel is used as a metal substrate of the bearing, the bearing has the advantages of good strength, high hardness and the like. When the surface rotation linear velocity is lower than 15m/s, the friction coefficients are all lower than 0.15, the abrasion loss is extremely small, the friction coefficients are slightly increased along with the increase of the linear velocity, and the friction coefficients are greatly reduced compared with a blank test group.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-2, the self-lubricating bearing of the present embodiment includes an outer liner 1 and an inner liner 2 installed in the outer liner, where the inner liner 2 includes a metal substrate 21 and a fiber resin composite layer 22 located on the metal substrate 21, the fiber resin composite layer 22 is made of fiber fabric impregnated epoxy resin-based composite material through hot-pressing and curing, and the epoxy resin-based composite material is composed of 60% of epoxy resin binder and 40% of friction self-lubricating material. The epoxy resin binder consists of 83% of epoxy resin, 7% of curing agent and 10% of epoxy diluent. The friction self-lubricating material consists of 30 percent of graphite and 20 percent of molybdenum disulfide (MoS)2) With 50% Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder.
The manufacturing method of the self-lubricating bearing based on the fiber fabric modification comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out surface modification on UHMWPE fiber fabric by using a silane coupling agent treatment method;
wherein the silane coupling agent is 5% KH550 solution, and the fiber fabric is immersed and ultrasonically dispersed for 60min and then dried for standby.
Secondly, adding the epoxy resin and the 2-ethyl-4 methylimidazole curing agent in a ratio of 83 mass percent of the epoxy resin, 7 mass percent of the curing agent and 10 mass percent of the epoxy diluent, and mixing and stirring to prepare an epoxy resin binder for later use;
thirdly, preparing the friction self-lubricating material according to the following mass fractions: 30% graphite, 20% MoS2With 50% PTFE powder.
Fourthly, ultrasonically mixing and stirring the prepared epoxy resin adhesive and the friction self-lubricating material according to the mass fraction of 90 percent of the epoxy resin adhesive and 10 percent of the friction self-lubricating material to prepare an epoxy resin-based composite material;
fifthly, taking out the UHMWPE fiber fabric prepreg subjected to surface modification after being placed in an epoxy resin-based composite material for a period of time, and preparing the UHMWPE fiber fabric prepreg into a pre-cured UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material by a hand lay-up forming method;
sixthly, placing the UHMWPE fabric composite material in a pre-cured state on a metal substrate 21, utilizing a hot press to perform hot-press curing for half an hour at the temperature of 50 ℃ to increase the infiltration effect of the fibers and the resin and reduce the defects of a finished product, and then performing hot-press curing for one hour at the temperature of 100 ℃ to prepare the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
polishing and shearing to remove redundant UHMWPE fiber fabrics and epoxy resin-based composite materials on the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
and eighthly, rolling the plane dry friction self-lubricating composite material manufactured in the seventh step into a shaft sleeve to obtain an inner liner layer 2 of the dry friction self-lubricating composite material, and installing the inner liner layer 2 of the dry friction self-lubricating composite material in an outer liner to obtain the metal liner back type composite material self-lubricating bearing modified by the UHMWPE fiber fabric.
The self-lubricating bearing manufactured in the example 1 was subjected to a one-hour dry friction test in a CBZ-1 marine shafting friction wear testing machine with an experimental load of 100N using brass as a mating part, three sets of experiments were set to measure the friction coefficient and the wear loss at a rotation speed of 50-300r/min, respectively, and the test results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, when the rotating speed is lower than 200r/min, the average friction coefficients are all lower than 0.16, and the friction coefficients are correspondingly increased along with the increase of the rotating speed; after the experiment, the abrasion loss of the composite material is measured, the average abrasion loss is 0.016g, and the composite material can still be well adhered to the metal backing after the experiment is finished. In addition, a pure stainless steel blank group is set for friction comparison test, the experimental load is 100N, the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss obtained by friction at the rotating speed of 50r/min are measured, and the test result is shown in figure 3. As can be seen from the figure, the friction coefficient and the fluctuation range of the composite material are obviously lower than those of a pure stainless steel control group; the average friction coefficients of the two are 0.094 and 0.322 respectively through calculation and measurement; the abrasion loss of each was 0.0063g and 0.4814 g. In conclusion, the dry friction self-lubricating bearing based on the UHMWPE fiber fabric obtained by the embodiment has the advantages of low friction coefficient, small abrasion loss, high stability and good reliability, and can well meet the requirements of long-term use of applications such as automobile steering column shafting, passenger car or high-speed rail automatic doors, ship cabin door hinges and deck low-speed motors.
Table 1 self-lubricating bearing performance test results:
| rotating speed (r/min) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 300 |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.097 | 0.137 | 0.152 | 0.159 | 0.235 |
| Amount of wear (g) | 0.012 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Whether the composite material is exfoliated | Whether or not | Whether or not | Whether or not | Whether or not | Whether or not |
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A self-lubricating bearing based on fiber fabric modification is characterized in that: the inner liner comprises an outer liner and an inner liner arranged in the outer liner, wherein the inner liner comprises a metal substrate and a fiber resin composite layer positioned on the metal substrate, the fiber resin composite layer is prepared by hot-pressing and curing a fiber fabric impregnated epoxy resin-based composite material, and the epoxy resin-based composite material comprises an epoxy resin binder and a friction self-lubricating material.
2. The fiber fabric-based modified self-lubricating bearing of claim 1, wherein: the fiber fabric is an UHMWPE fiber fabric subjected to reinforcing modification treatment by a silane coupling agent.
3. The fiber fabric-based modified self-lubricating bearing of claim 2, wherein: the epoxy resin binder consists of epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent.
4. A fiber fabric-based modified self-lubricating bearing according to claim 3, wherein: the friction self-lubricating material consists of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
5. A method of making the self-lubricating bearing of claim 4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, carrying out surface modification on UHMWPE fiber fabric by using a silane coupling agent treatment method;
mixing and stirring epoxy resin, a curing agent and an epoxy diluent according to a ratio to prepare an epoxy resin binder for later use;
selecting graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene powder as friction self-lubricating materials according to a proportion;
mixing the prepared epoxy resin adhesive and the friction self-lubricating material according to a proportion, and preparing the epoxy resin-based composite material by ultrasonic mixing and stirring;
fifthly, taking out the UHMWPE fabric prepreg subjected to surface modification after being placed in an epoxy resin-based composite material for a period of time, and preparing the UHMWPE fabric prepreg into a pre-cured UHMWPE fabric composite material;
placing the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material in a pre-cured state on a metal substrate, carrying out low-temperature hot pressing for a period of time through a hot press, and then carrying out high-temperature hot pressing and curing to prepare a planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
step seven, trimming the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material, and rolling the trimmed planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material into a shaft sleeve to obtain a liner of the dry friction self-lubricating composite material;
and step eight, mounting the dry friction self-lubricating composite material lining obtained in the step seven in an outer lining to obtain the self-lubricating bearing.
6. The method of manufacturing a self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, wherein: the specific steps in the first step are as follows: immersing the UHMWPE fiber fabric into KH550 solution, and drying after ultrasonic dispersion for 60 min.
7. The method of manufacturing a self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, wherein: in the second step, the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the epoxy diluent are mixed in a ratio of taking an epoxy resin binder as a total amount, and the ratio is as follows according to mass fraction: 80-90% of epoxy resin, 2-7% of curing agent and 5-15% of epoxy diluent.
8. The method of manufacturing a self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, wherein: in the third step, the proportion of the graphite, the molybdenum disulfide and the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is that the friction self-lubricating material is taken as a total amount, and the weight percentages are as follows: 25-35% of graphite, 15-25% of molybdenum disulfide and 45-55% of polytetrafluoroethylene powder.
9. The method of manufacturing a self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, wherein: in the fourth step, the proportion of the epoxy resin adhesive to the friction self-lubricating material is that the epoxy resin matrix composite material is taken as the total amount, and the weight percentage is as follows: 70-95% of epoxy resin adhesive and 5-30% of friction self-lubricating material.
10. The method of manufacturing a self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, wherein: in the sixth step, the specific process is as follows: the UHMWPE fiber fabric composite material and the metal substrate are firstly cured by hot pressing at 45-55 ℃ for 25-40min, and then cured by hot pressing at 90-110 ℃ for 50-70min to prepare the planar dry friction self-lubricating composite material.
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