CN114836021A - Functionally graded lining, preparation method and water-lubricated bearing based on lining - Google Patents
Functionally graded lining, preparation method and water-lubricated bearing based on lining Download PDFInfo
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- CN114836021A CN114836021A CN202210225891.5A CN202210225891A CN114836021A CN 114836021 A CN114836021 A CN 114836021A CN 202210225891 A CN202210225891 A CN 202210225891A CN 114836021 A CN114836021 A CN 114836021A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/80—Thermosetting resins
- F16C2208/82—Composites, i.e. fibre reinforced thermosetting resins
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a functional gradient lining, a preparation method and a water-lubricated bearing based on the lining, wherein heterogeneous filamentous filling materials are arranged in a die in a radial layered manner through a fixing device, and pretightening force is applied to obtain the filamentous filling materials; adding a modified additive into a matrix high polymer material to obtain a modified matrix material; adding the modified base material into a die with the radially distributed filamentous filling material, fully mixing, combining the materials through pouring, hot pressing or sintering, cooling to obtain a functionally graded lining, and assembling the functionally graded lining in an outer lining to obtain the water-lubricated bearing. By utilizing the mechanical property and the excellent heat-conducting property of the heterogeneous filamentous filling material, the mechanical property of the water-lubricated bearing material is ensured, and meanwhile, the abrasion damage caused by the rapid rise of the local temperature of a friction pair is prevented. The invention improves the tribological performance of the water-lubricated bearing, prolongs the service life of the shaft and the bearing, improves the reliability of the ship propulsion system and reduces the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bearing materials, and particularly relates to a functional gradient lining, a preparation method and a water-lubricated bearing based on the lining, which are used for improving the mechanical property and the friction property of a water-lubricated bearing material and prolonging the service life of a shaft and the bearing.
Background
In the total area of the earth, oceans account for about 71%, but ocean resources are under development by less than 1%. Therefore, the method improves the development capability of marine resources, develops marine economy, promotes the global process of the world, and becomes the main melody developed in the world at present. Underwater mechanical equipment such as ships, underwater vehicles, underwater robots and the like are used as carriers and tools for trade communication and resource development, and become a popular field for key development of the mechanical industry.
The bearing is used as an important component of various underwater mechanical equipment motion systems, and the performance of the bearing directly influences the safety and reliability of related mechanical equipment, so that the bearing becomes important in the development and design work of the equipment. Conventional bearings are typically made of metal and lubricated with mineral oil. The inevitable leakage of the mineral oil causes environmental pollution and ecological damage while consuming a large amount of metal materials and mineral oil. With the increasing environmental protection awareness of the international society and the continuous promotion of the green sustainable development of the manufacturing industry, the traditional oil-lubricated bearing no longer meets the requirements of the times development.
The water-lubricated bearing takes fresh water and seawater in natural environment as lubricants, has the advantages of greenness, no pollution, cleanness, sustainability and the like, and becomes a future development trend. However, because of the low viscosity and poor bearing capacity of water, the water-lubricated bearing cannot form a complete and stable lubricating film when running under low-speed and heavy-load conditions. In addition, most of the currently used water lubricated bearings are made of high polymer materials, and the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the water lubricated bearings are poor, so that the local temperature of a friction interface of the material is easily and rapidly increased in the operation process of the water lubricated bearings, and further, the peeling, the stick-slip and the like of the material are caused, and the abrasion failure of the friction interface of the material is caused. These disadvantages not only affect the reliability of the underwater equipment, but also severely limit the popularization and application of the water lubricated bearing.
The gradient material is also called as functional gradient material, and is a non-uniform phase composite material with chemical composition, microstructure and the like showing gradient change in space. The method is originally used for reducing the thermal stress caused by the high temperature of a metal and ceramic interface, and along with the development of a gradient material, the mechanical property and functionality of the material can be effectively improved by adjusting the composition of the material or the space distribution form of a microstructure, the stress concentration is reduced, the interface combination is improved, the initiation and the expansion of cracks are inhibited, and the multifunctional working requirement of different parts in mechanical equipment is further met. The good functionality of the gradient composite material brings inspiration for the popularization and application of the water-lubricated bearing material. Therefore, it is very important to develop a functional gradient material which can improve the mechanical properties of the water-lubricated bearing material, promote the conduction and dissipation of frictional heat and improve the frictional properties of the water-lubricated bearing material by regulating and controlling the distribution, type and density of the construction units in the matrix according to the design form of the gradient material by combining the existing water-lubricated bearing material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the following steps: the functional gradient lining, the preparation method and the water-lubricated bearing based on the lining are provided, the mechanical property and the friction property of the water-lubricated bearing material are improved, the conduction and the dissipation of friction heat are promoted, the lubricating property of the water-lubricated bearing is improved, the bearing abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the bearing and a shaft is prolonged. The support and power system is suitable for mechanical equipment working in water environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a functional gradient inside lining that is used for harsh operating mode environment water lubrication bearing which characterized in that: the polymer material liner comprises a polymer material liner base body and heterogeneous filamentous filling materials with heat conduction functions, wherein the heterogeneous filamentous filling materials are embedded in the polymer material liner base body, and are radially arranged and distributed around the liner to form a functional gradient liner.
The lining matrix of the high polymer material is made of conventional raw materials in the market, is not limited in specific type, stable in chemical property and non-toxic and pollution-free.
Preferably, the material of the lining base body of the high polymer material is any one or more of polyurethane, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is a metal wire or a carbon fiber material with certain lubricating performance at a friction interface.
Further preferably, the metal wire is any one or more of copper, aluminum, silver and indium.
Preferably, the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is a material with a diameter gradually changed in the radial direction, and the functional gradient characteristic is improved through the diameter gradually changed, so that the heat of a friction interface is better dissipated.
Preferably, the heterogeneous filamentous filler material becomes larger in diameter radially outward of the liner.
Preferably, the diameter of the smallest end of the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is 0.1-0.4 mm.
Preferably, the heterogeneous filamentous filler material is layered and uniformly distributed in the matrix.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the functional gradient liner, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and 3, adding the modified base material obtained in the step 2 into the die with the radially distributed filamentous filling material arranged in the step 1, fully mixing, combining the materials through pouring, hot pressing or sintering, and naturally cooling to obtain the functionally graded lining.
Preferably, in the step 2, the modified additive solid lubricating material has better lubricating property and can enhance the friction property of the base material.
Further preferably, the modifying additive is selected according to the type of the matrix polymer material, and is any one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, paraffin and polyethylene wax.
Preferably, in step 3, the casting, hot pressing and sintering are selected according to the type of the base polymer material.
The invention also provides a water-lubricated bearing used in harsh working condition environment, which is characterized in that: comprising an outer liner and a functionally graded inner liner as described in any of the preceding items fitted within the outer liner.
Preferably, the heterogeneous filamentous filler material has a hardness, wear resistance, etc. that is less than the material used for the outer liner.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the heat generated by the friction interface is quickly conducted through the heat conductivity of the heterogeneous filamentous filling material, so that the heat dissipation area is larger, the temperature stability of the friction interface is favorably maintained, the high polymer material at the friction interface is prevented from losing effectiveness due to overhigh temperature, and the lubricating effect is reduced. Meanwhile, the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is abraded in the friction process of the friction interface to form fine abrasive dust, so that the interface lubrication effect is achieved, the direct contact between friction pairs is reduced, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the lubrication performance is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention abandons the spatial identity of the composition, the distribution of construction units and the performance of the traditional water lubricated bearing material, and provides a composite functional gradient material which is prepared by taking a water lubricated bearing polymer material as a matrix, a solid lubricating material as a modification additive and a heterogeneous filamentous filling material as a filler and is suitable for a water lubricated bearing in underwater equipment. The invention solves the problems of poor thermal conductivity and over-high friction heat of the high polymer material of the water-lubricated bearing; the problems that the friction fluctuation of a high polymer material of the water-lubricated bearing is large and the friction stability is poor are solved. The invention has simple manufacture and remarkable effect improvement, and solves the problem of serious abrasion of the bearing under severe working conditions. The invention prolongs the service life of the bearing and the shaft, reduces the operation cost and is suitable for the support and the power system of the working equipment in the water environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process for preparing a functionally graded water-lubricated bearing of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water lubricated bearing used in a harsh operating environment according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a friction test under the test conditions of 0.5MPa load, 50rpm rotation speed, and dry friction for the functionally graded lining samples prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1, wherein FIG. 3(a) is a real-time friction coefficient chart, and FIG. 3(b) is an average friction coefficient of 500s after the friction test is stabilized.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing friction tests of the functionally graded lining samples obtained in example 3 and comparative example 1 under experimental conditions under a load of 0.5MPa, a rotation speed of 300rpm, and water lubrication at 70 ℃, wherein FIG. 4(a) is a real-time friction coefficient graph, and FIG. 4(b) is an average friction coefficient of 500s after the friction test is stabilized.
FIG. 5 is a comparison of simulation test results of heat transfer performance of the same volume of different sized wire filled and unfilled models;
wherein, fig. 5(a) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a functional gradient lining sample filled with metal wires with thick outer parts and thin inner parts (the diameter of a small end is 0.2 mm);
FIG. 5(b) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a functionally graded lining sample filled with thick outer wires and thin inner wires (with a small end diameter of 0.1 mm);
FIG. 5(c) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a functional gradient lining sample filled with 0.25mm isodiametric wires;
FIG. 5(d) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a functionally graded lining sample filled with thin outer wires and thick inner wires (small end diameter 0.2 mm);
FIG. 5(e) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a functionally graded lining sample filled with thin outer wires and thick inner wires (small end diameter 0.1 mm);
fig. 5(f) is a heat transfer simulation diagram of a polyurethane material lining sample (simulation comparative example 1).
Fig. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the water lubricated bearing of fig. 2.
1-outer lining, 2-functionally graded lining, 21-high polymer material lining matrix and 22-heterogeneous filamentous filling material.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, the water lubricated bearing used in harsh working environment is composed of an outer liner 1 and a functionally graded inner liner 2 assembled in the outer liner 1, wherein the functionally graded inner liner 2 comprises a polymer material inner liner base 21 and a heterogeneous filamentous filling material 22 embedded in the polymer material inner liner base.
The preparation method of the water lubrication bearing comprises the following steps:
the heterogeneous filamentous filling materials are arranged in a die in a radial layered mode through a fixing device, and the heterogeneous filamentous filling materials are stretched to obtain oriented filamentous filling materials; mixing a water lubricated bearing high polymer material with a modified additive, pouring the mixture into a mould through pouring, hot pressing and sintering to be combined with a radial filamentous filling material, naturally cooling to obtain a functional gradient lining, and assembling the functional gradient lining in an outer lining to obtain the water lubricated bearing used in a severe working condition environment.
The invention promotes the conduction of the friction heat of the local area of the friction pair by the heterogeneous filiform filling material so as to relieve the abrasion damage of the interface between the shaft and the bearing material caused by the rapid local temperature rise.
Embodiment 3, a silver wire material is arranged in layers in a die along the radial direction through a fixing device, and a metal wire is stretched to obtain an oriented metal wire filler; evenly mixing A, B material formed by thermosetting polyurethane and a modified additive at the temperature of 90-120 ℃, pouring the mixture into a mould to combine with the directional metal wire filler, and naturally cooling to obtain the functional gradient lining filled with silver wires.
Comparative example: a, B material formed by thermosetting polyurethane and modified additive are evenly mixed at the temperature of 90-120 ℃, poured into a mould and naturally cooled to obtain the lining of polyurethane material, which is used as comparative example 1 for comparative test.
Frictional wear performance test 1, the functionally graded liners prepared in examples 1 to 3, and the polyurethane material liner obtained in comparative example 1 were used as samples and surface polished. The friction test was carried out at room temperature on a friction wear tester, and the coefficient of friction was measured using a brass material as a friction partner material. To simulate the extreme operating conditions of a water lubricated bearing, the test was conducted for 2 hours at dry friction, a load of 0.5MPa and a speed of 50rpm, and the test results are shown in FIG. 3.
Frictional wear performance test 2, the silver wire-filled functionally graded liners prepared in example 3 and the liners of comparative examples 1 to polyurethane materials were used as samples and surface-polished. The friction test was carried out at room temperature on a friction wear tester, and the coefficient of friction was measured using a brass material as a friction partner material. In order to simulate the working environment of high temperature, high speed and heavy load of the water lubricated bearing, the test is carried out for 2 hours at 70 ℃ water lubrication, 0.5MPa load and 300rpm rotating speed, and the test result is shown in FIG. 4.
The heat transfer performance simulation test is to model pure polyurethane composite materials with the same metal wire volume but different shapes and without metal wires to obtain a functional gradient lining simulation model of simulation examples 1-5 and a polyurethane material lining simulation model of simulation comparative example 1, wherein the functional gradient lining simulation model and the polyurethane material lining simulation model are simply referred to as simulation samples below, wherein the matrix materials of the simulation examples 1-5 are polyurethane, the filled metal wires have the same volume, and the shapes are different as follows:
simulation example 1, the wire is thick at the outside and thin at the inside, and the diameter of the small end is 0.2 mm;
simulation example 2, the wire is thick outside and thin inside, and the diameter of the small end is 0.1 mm;
simulation example 3, the wires were of equal diameter and 0.25mm in diameter;
simulation example 4, the wire is thin outside and thick inside, and the diameter of the small end is 0.2 mm;
simulation example 5, the wire is thin outside and thick inside, and the diameter of the small end is 0.1 mm;
simulation comparative example 1, a polyurethane material lining simulation model of a pure polyurethane composite material;
and (3) performing grid division on simulation examples 1-5 and simulation comparative example 1, setting the friction interface of the simulation sample as a heating surface, setting the temperature as 120 ℃, setting the temperature of the rest surfaces as 20 ℃, setting the cooling condition as water environment cooling, setting the convection heat transfer coefficient of the friction interface as 200, and setting the convection heat transfer coefficient of the rest surfaces as 1500. The heat transfer efficiency simulation test was performed using ANSYS software, and the test results are shown in fig. 5.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the test results in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and the invention is only directed to a functionally graded material suitable for a water-lubricated bearing, but not to all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
And (3) test results:
as shown in FIG. 3, compared with the traditional water-lubricated bearing material, the water-lubricated bearing functional gradient material sample filled with metal wires such as aluminum, copper and silver effectively reduces the friction coefficient of a bearing and a shaft under the working conditions of dry friction and low speed and heavy load, and has smaller fluctuation of the friction coefficient and better stability. The metal wires are filled in the water-lubricated bearing material, so that the stability of the friction state of the water-lubricated bearing material is effectively improved, the friction wear and the friction noise of the water-lubricated bearing caused by aperiodic friction fluctuation are reduced, and the reliability of the water-lubricated bearing and the safety of a naval vessel are improved. Friction heat is easily generated between the friction pairs under the dry friction condition, the metal wires are filled to promote the conduction and the dissipation of the friction heat between the friction pairs, the abrasion damage of the shaft and the bearing material interface caused by the sharp rise of local temperature is relieved, meanwhile, the metal wire filler plays a role in interface lubrication, the direct contact between the friction pairs is reduced, and the friction coefficient is reduced. Test results prove that the functional gradient material effectively improves the friction performance of the water-lubricated bearing under extreme working conditions.
As shown in FIG. 4, compared with the traditional water-lubricated bearing material, the water-lubricated bearing functional gradient material filled with silver wires effectively reduces the friction coefficient of the bearing and the shaft under the working conditions of water lubrication at 70 ℃ and high speed and heavy load, and has smaller fluctuation of the friction coefficient and better stability. The silver wire filling effectively improves the stability of the friction state of the water lubricated bearing material, is beneficial to reducing the friction wear and the friction noise of the water lubricated bearing caused by aperiodic friction fluctuation, and improves the reliability of the water lubricated bearing and the safety of a naval vessel. Under the condition of high-temperature water lubrication, stick-slip is easily generated between the high polymer material and the brass friction pair, friction and wear are increased, heat conduction and dissipation between the friction pairs are promoted by filling the metal wires, abrasion and damage caused by sharp rise of local temperature of the shaft and bearing material interface are relieved, meanwhile, the silver wire filler plays a role in interface lubrication, direct contact between the friction pairs is reduced, and the friction coefficient is reduced. The test result proves that the functional gradient material effectively improves the friction performance of the water-lubricated bearing under the high-temperature high-speed heavy-load water lubrication condition.
As shown in fig. 5, in the heat transfer simulation test, the average temperatures of the functional gradient lining sample and the polyurethane lining sample are greater than that of simulation example 1, simulation example 2, simulation example 3, simulation example 4, simulation example 5 and simulation comparative example 1. Compared with a pure polyurethane composite material, the filling of the metal wire promotes the heat concentrated on the friction interface to be transmitted and dissipated along the axial direction of the metal wire, so that the heat collection among the friction interfaces of the traditional polyurethane water lubricating material is reduced; compared with the composite material filled with uniform thick and thin metal wires, the heat conduction efficiency of the metal filled composite material can be improved by regulating and controlling the gradient change of the metal wires between layers. Therefore, the wire-filled water-lubricated bearing functional gradient material can promote the heat generated by a friction interface to be conducted along a wire bearing, effectively improve the heat conduction efficiency of the wire bearing, and is favorable for relieving the abrasion damage of the shaft and bearing material interface caused by the sharp rise of local temperature. Test results prove that the functional gradient material effectively improves the heat conduction efficiency of the water-lubricated bearing.
The functional gradient material applied to the water-lubricated bearing can obviously improve the friction performance of the friction pair, reduce the abrasion of the friction pair, prolong the service life of the water-lubricated bearing and improve the reliability of a propulsion system.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a functional gradient inside lining that is used for harsh operating mode environment water lubrication bearing which characterized in that: the polymer material liner comprises a polymer material liner base body and heterogeneous filamentous filling materials with heat conduction functions, wherein the heterogeneous filamentous filling materials are embedded in the polymer material liner base body, and are radially arranged and distributed around the liner to form a functional gradient liner.
2. The functionally graded liner for water-lubricated bearings in harsh operating environments of claim 1, wherein: the lining matrix of the high polymer material is made of one or more of polyurethane, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polyether-ether-ketone and polytetrafluoroethylene.
3. The functionally graded liner for water-lubricated bearings in harsh operating environments of claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is a metal wire or a carbon fiber material with certain lubricating property at a friction interface.
4. The functionally graded liner for water-lubricated bearings in harsh operating environments of claim 2, wherein: the metal wire is any one or more of copper, aluminum, silver and indium.
5. The functionally graded lining for a water-lubricated bearing in a severe environment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is a material with gradually changed diameter in the radial direction.
6. The functionally graded liner for water-lubricated bearings in harsh operating environments of claim 5, wherein: radially outward from the liner, the diameter of the heterogeneous filamentous filler material becomes larger.
7. The functionally graded liner for water-lubricated bearings in harsh operating environments of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the minimum end of the heterogeneous filamentous filling material is 0.1-0.4 mm.
8. A method for preparing the functional gradient inner liner of the water lubricated bearing used in the harsh working condition environment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging heterogeneous filamentous filling materials in a die according to a radial direction through a fixing device, and applying a certain pretightening force to obtain the directionally arranged filamentous filling materials;
step 2, adding the modified additive into the matrix high polymer material to obtain a modified matrix material;
and 3, adding the modified base material obtained in the step 2 into the mold with the directionally distributed filamentous filling material arranged in the step 1, fully mixing, combining the materials through pouring, hot pressing or sintering, and naturally cooling to obtain the functionally graded lining.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the modified additive is selected according to the type of the matrix polymer material and is any one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, paraffin and polyethylene wax.
10. A water lubricated bearing for harsh operating condition environment, which is characterized in that: comprising an outer liner and the functionally graded inner liner of any one of claims 1 to 7 fitted within the outer liner.
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| CN202210225891.5A CN114836021B (en) | 2022-03-09 | 2022-03-09 | Functionally graded lining, preparation method and water-lubricated bearing based on lining |
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