CN111844968A - Preparation method of polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material - Google Patents

Preparation method of polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111844968A
CN111844968A CN202010656060.4A CN202010656060A CN111844968A CN 111844968 A CN111844968 A CN 111844968A CN 202010656060 A CN202010656060 A CN 202010656060A CN 111844968 A CN111844968 A CN 111844968A
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China
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fabric
self
polyimide
lubricating
liner material
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Inventor
袁军亚
张招柱
杨明明
赵鑫
姜葳
储凡杰
李佩隆
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/10—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer reinforced with filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
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    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
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    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D10B2321/042—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polytetrafluoroethene [PTFE]
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    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material and a preparation method thereof, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are used as warp yarns, polyimide fibers are used as weft yarns to weave a fabric, the fabric is subjected to air plasma modification treatment, and then is soaked and dried in a polyimide solution, and the steps are repeated until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric liner material reaches the target requirement; and finally, sticking the impregnated fabric gasket on the surface of a specified metal base material by using polyimide resin, and carrying out curing reaction at a specific temperature and pressure to obtain the self-lubricating fabric gasket material. The self-lubricating fabric liner material synthesized by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high bearing capacity, low friction, strong interface adhesion and the like, is suitable for extreme service working conditions such as high temperature and high speed, and greatly expands the application range of the self-lubricating joint bearing in the field of lubrication of high-end equipment.

Description

Preparation method of polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material, which is mainly used for processing self-lubricating joint bearings under extreme service working conditions of high temperature, high speed and the like, and belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation and solid lubrication.
Background
The self-lubricating joint bearing is a spherical sliding bearing, mainly consists of an outer ring with an inner spherical surface, an inner ring with an outer spherical surface and a self-lubricating liner, has the advantages of compact structure, strong bearing capacity, corrosion resistance, maintenance-free property and the like, and is widely applied to the lubricating field of high-end equipment such as aerospace, precision machinery and the like. The friction and wear performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner material as a key component of the self-lubricating joint bearing directly influences the service behavior and the service life of the self-lubricating joint bearing. The self-lubricating fabric liner is formed by compounding thin-layer fabric woven by mixing polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and other high-performance reinforcing fibers with polymer resin, so that the self-lubricating fabric liner has the excellent lubricating performance of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and the outstanding bearing capacity of the reinforcing fibers.
In recent years, the rapid development of engineering machinery equipment technology puts higher requirements on the frictional wear performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner material, and if the fabric liner material is required to be capable of keeping stable and long-acting operation under extreme working conditions such as high temperature and high speed. In previous researches, polytetrafluoroethylene/aramid fiber phenolic resin base fabric lining materials are widely applied due to excellent antifriction and wear-resistant performances, but the lining materials are poor in thermal performance and difficult to meet requirements of extreme working conditions such as high temperature and high speed. Therefore, the improvement of the high temperature resistance of the self-lubricating fabric liner has great significance, and simultaneously, a plurality of challenges are faced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material.
Preparation of self-lubricating fabric liner material
The preparation method of the self-lubricating fabric liner material comprises the steps of weaving a fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers as warp yarns and polyimide fibers as weft yarns, carrying out air plasma modification treatment on the fabric, then soaking and drying the fabric in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying the fabric until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric meets the target requirement; then the impregnated fabric liner is stuck on the surface of the metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, the self-lubricating fabric liner material is obtained through curing reaction.
The weave structure of the woven fabric is one or a combination of several weaves of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.
The air plasma treatment time is 5-20 min, and the power is 50-200W.
The mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric gasket material is 20-30%.
The metal substrate is one of 9Cr18Mo, 9Cr18MoV, 9Cr18, 4Cr13 and 17-4 PH.
The curing reaction is carried out at four stages of 100, 150, 200 and 265 ℃ in sequence under the condition of the applied pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa, the heat preservation time of each stage is 30-60 min, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.
Second, frictional wear performance test
1. High temperature tribological Properties
The test method comprises the following steps: a basalt third friction wear testing machine is adopted, 45 steel with the diameter of 2 mm is used as a friction couple, and under the conditions of determined sliding speed, application load, testing time and the like, a heating furnace arranged outside a friction pair is used for adjusting the environment temperature of a friction test to carry out the friction test. The friction coefficient is automatically output after the collected data is processed by a connected computer. And measuring the wear depth of the self-lubricating fabric liner material by using a digital display height gauge, and further calculating the wear volume of the fabric liner. Calculating the specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material by adopting a formula K = delta V/P ∙ L, wherein the K-specific wear rate is obtained; Δ V-wear volume; p-application load; l-sliding distance.
FIG. 1 is a bar graph (b) of the coefficient of friction (a) and wear rate of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad as a function of ambient temperature. The results of fig. 1 (a) show that the self-lubricating fabric liner maintains excellent lubricating properties throughout the test temperature range and that the coefficient of friction of the self-lubricating fabric liner material tends to decrease with increasing ambient temperature. When the test environment temperature is 335 ℃, the friction coefficient of the fabric liner material is 0.0453, and the fabric liner material has excellent high-temperature lubricating performance. The results in fig. 1 (b) show that the specific wear rate of the self-lubricating fabric backing shows a clear trend of increasing with increasing ambient temperature, but the outstanding wear resistance performance can be maintained in the test temperature range. When the test environment is warm The wear rate of the fabric gasket material was 22.1X 10 at a temperature of 335 deg.C-14m3· (N·m)-1Still, it is kept at a low level, and exhibits excellent high-temperature abrasion resistance.
2. High speed tribological performance
The test method comprises the following steps: a basalt third friction and wear testing machine is adopted, 45 steel with the diameter of 2 mm is used as a friction couple, and the influence of the sliding speed on the tribology performance of the fabric liner is explored by adjusting the sliding speed of the friction test under the conditions of room temperature, determined application load, test time and the like. The friction coefficient is automatically output after the collected data is processed by a connected computer. And measuring the wear depth of the self-lubricating fabric liner material by using a digital display height gauge, and further calculating the wear volume of the fabric liner. Calculating the specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material by adopting a formula K = delta V/P ∙ L, wherein the K-specific wear rate is obtained; Δ V-wear volume; p-application load; l-sliding distance.
FIG. 2 is a bar graph (b) of the coefficient of friction (a) and wear rate of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad as a function of sliding speed. The results of fig. 2 (a) show that the self-lubricating fabric liner maintains excellent lubricating performance over the range of test sliding speeds, and that the coefficient of friction of the self-lubricating fabric liner material shows a slightly decreasing trend with increasing sliding speed. At a slip speed of 2.73m/s, the coefficient of friction of the fabric backing material was 0.1322, which remained low. The results of fig. 2 (b) show that the specific wear rate of the self-lubricating fabric backing shows a significantly lower trend with increasing sliding speed. The specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material was 2.3X 10 when the test sliding speed was 2.73m/s -14m3· (N·m)-1And the high-speed friction performance is kept at a low level, and excellent high-speed friction performance is shown.
In conclusion, the polytetrafluoroethylene/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin-based self-lubricating fabric liner material prepared by using the polyimide fibers as the reinforcing fibers and blending and weaving the reinforcing fibers and the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers has better wetting performance, so that the interface adhesion performance of the fabric liner material is good. Meanwhile, the used polyimide fiber and polyimide resin have outstanding thermal stability, and the self-lubricating fabric liner material is endowed with excellent high-temperature and high-speed tribological properties, so that the self-lubricating fabric liner material is suitable for extreme service working conditions such as high temperature and high speed, and the application range of the self-lubricating joint bearing in the field of high-end equipment lubrication is greatly expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bar graph (0.26 m/s, 12.5 MPa) of the coefficient of friction, wear rate, of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric liner as a function of ambient temperature.
FIG. 2 is a bar graph (room temperature, 12.5 MPa) of the coefficient of friction, wear rate as a function of sliding speed for a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad.
Detailed Description
The polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric backing material of the present invention, its preparation method and use are further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Weaving broken twill fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers as warp yarns and polyimide fibers as weft yarns; after the fabric is modified by air plasma (10 min, 100W), soaking and drying the fabric in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying until the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric reaches 30 wt%; then the impregnated fabric liner is adhered to the surface of a 9Cr18Mo metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, under the pressure condition of 0.2 MPa, the curing reaction of sequentially increasing the temperature to 100 ℃ for 20 min, preserving the heat for 30 min, increasing the temperature to 150 ℃ for 10 min, preserving the heat for 60 min, increasing the temperature to 200 ℃ for 10 min, preserving the heat for 60 min, increasing the temperature to 265 ℃ for 10 min and preserving the heat for 120 min is carried out to prepare the self-lubricating fabric liner material.
The tribological performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner prepared by the method is evaluated by a basalt third friction and abrasion tester, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate of the self-lubricating fabric liner in a high-temperature environment of 335 ℃ are respectively 0.051 and 25 multiplied by 10 under the conditions of 0.26 m/s and 12.5 MPa-14m3· (N·m)-1。
Example 2
Weaving satin fabric with polytetrafluoroethylene fiber as warp and polyimide fiber as weft; the fabric is firstly subjected to air plasma modification treatment (8 min, 120W), then is soaked and dried in polyimide solution, and is repeatedly soaked and dried until the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric liner material reaches 25 wt%; then the impregnated fabric is adhered to the surface of a 9Cr18Mo metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, under the pressure condition of 0.2 MPa, the self-lubricating fabric liner material is prepared by the curing reaction of sequentially increasing the temperature to 100 ℃ for 20 min, preserving the heat for 30 min, increasing the temperature to 150 ℃ for 10 min, preserving the heat for 60 min, increasing the temperature to 200 ℃ for 10 min, preserving the heat for 60 min, increasing the temperature to 265 ℃ for 10 min and preserving the heat for 120 min.
The tribological performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner prepared by the method is evaluated by a basalt third friction and abrasion tester, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate of the self-lubricating fabric liner in a high-temperature environment of 335 ℃ are respectively 0.042 and 19 multiplied by 10 under the conditions of 0.26 m/s and 12.5 MPa-14m3· (N·m)-1。
Example 3
Weaving a plain weave fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers as warp yarns and polyimide fibers as weft yarns; after the fabric is modified by air plasma (10 min, 100W), soaking and drying the fabric in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying until the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric liner material reaches 30 wt%; then sticking the impregnated fabric liner on the surface of a metal substrate with the pH of 17-4 by using polyimide resin, and finally sequentially carrying out curing reaction under the pressure of 0.2 MPa, wherein the curing reaction is that the temperature is increased to 100 ℃ for 20min and is kept for 60 min, the temperature is increased to 150 ℃ for 10 min and is kept for 120min, the temperature is increased to 200 ℃ for 10 min and is kept for 120min, and the temperature is increased to 265 ℃ for 10 min and is kept for 150 min, so as to prepare the self-lubricating fabric liner material.
The tribological performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner prepared by the method is evaluated by a basalt third friction and abrasion tester, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate of the self-lubricating fabric liner in a high-temperature environment of 335 ℃ are respectively 0.06 and 23 multiplied by 10 under the conditions of 0.26 m/s and 12.5 MPa -14m3· (N·m)-1。
Example 4
Weaving twill fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers as warp yarns and polyimide fibers as weft yarns; after the fabric is subjected to air plasma modification treatment (5 min, 200W), soaking and drying the fabric in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying until the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric liner material reaches 20 wt%; then sticking the impregnated fabric liner on the surface of a 17-4PH metal substrate by using polyimide resin, and finally carrying out curing reaction under the pressure condition of 0.25 MPa, wherein the curing reaction is carried out for 25 min to 100 ℃ and heat preservation for 30 min, 15min to 150 ℃ and heat preservation for 60 min, 15min to 200 ℃ and heat preservation for 60 min, 15min to 265 ℃ and heat preservation for 120 min in sequence to obtain the self-lubricating fabric liner material.
The tribological performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner prepared by the method is evaluated by a basalt third friction and abrasion tester, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate of the self-lubricating fabric liner in a high-temperature environment of 335 ℃ are respectively 0.039 and 21 multiplied by 10 under the conditions of 0.26 m/s and 12.5 MPa-14m3· (N·m)-1。
Example 5
Weaving twill fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fiber as warp and polyimide fiber as weft, performing air plasma modification treatment on the fabric (5 min, 200W), soaking and drying in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric lining material reaches 20 wt%; then the impregnated fabric liner is adhered to the surface of a 9Cr18 metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, under the condition of 0.25 MPa pressure, the curing reaction of raising the temperature to 100 ℃ for 25 min and preserving the heat for 30 min, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ for 15min and preserving the heat for 60 min, raising the temperature to 200 ℃ for 15min and preserving the heat for 60 min, raising the temperature to 265 ℃ for 15min and preserving the heat for 120 min is carried out in sequence to prepare the self-lubricating fabric liner material.
The tribological performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner prepared by the method is evaluated by a basalt third friction and abrasion tester, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate are 0.1322 and 2.3 multiplied by 10 respectively under the conditions of room temperature, 12.5 MPa and high speed of 2.73m/s-14m3·(N·m)-1。

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material is characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are used as warp yarns, polyimide fibers are used as weft yarns to weave a fabric, the fabric is subjected to air plasma modification treatment, then is soaked in a polyimide solution and dried, and the soaking and the drying are repeated until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric meets the target requirement; then the impregnated fabric liner is stuck on the surface of the metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, the self-lubricating fabric liner material is obtained through curing reaction.
2. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the woven fabric is one or a combination of several weaves of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.
3. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the air plasma treatment time is 5-20 min, and the power is 50-200W.
4. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric is 20-30%.
5. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the metal substrate is one of 9Cr18Mo, 9Cr18MoV, 9Cr18, 4Cr13 and 17-4 PH.
6. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: in the curing reaction, the applied pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa, the temperature of the curing reaction is 100, 150, 200 and 265 ℃, the heat preservation time of each section is 30-60 min, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.
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CN114016295A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-02-08 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Fiber fabric composite material with gradient lubricating structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN114407401A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-04-29 上海涟屹轴承科技有限公司 Flanging bearing for photovoltaic rotary driving device and preparation process thereof

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CN114407401A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-04-29 上海涟屹轴承科技有限公司 Flanging bearing for photovoltaic rotary driving device and preparation process thereof

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