CN113174757B - PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material, which comprises the steps of taking a PBO fiber after sizing as a weft yarn, taking a PBO fiber and PTFE fiber twisted yarn as a warp yarn, and obtaining PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth through weaving and desizing treatment; soaking the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into a PEI solution for activation treatment, and circularly dipping the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth with activated surface by adopting aramid nano fiber dispersion and an alpha-ZrP solution to obtain a modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; then repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in resin until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 15 to 35 percent; and finally, carrying out bonding and curing treatment to obtain the PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material. The fiber-reinforced self-lubricating liner has excellent mechanical property and wear resistance, and can meet the requirements of service stability and service life of the self-lubricating liner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polytetrafluoroethylene fiber-based (PTFE) self-lubricating liner composite material, in particular to a poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO) reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene fiber-based self-lubricating liner composite material, belonging to the field of composite materials and the technical field of lubricating materials.
Background
The self-lubricating liner plays a role of a lubricant in the bearing, the friction between two metal surfaces in the bearing is converted into the friction of metal to the self-lubricating liner, and the performance of the self-lubricating liner directly determines the service stability and the service life of the self-lubricating bearing. At present, the reinforcing fiber used in the self-lubricating liner is mainly aramid fiber and glass fiber.
The poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO) is a chemically synthesized high-performance fiber, a macromolecular main chain is formed by alternately connecting benzene rings and aromatic heterocycles, and a macromolecular structure does not have a branched chain and is a rigid rod-shaped macromolecular structure. Therefore, in the PBO fiber spinning process, the unbranched and rigid macromolecules are easily oriented and crystallized in the fiber, and finally an ordered structure with high orientation and high crystallinity is obtained. The PBO macromolecular structure and the aggregation state thereof endow the PBO macromolecular structure with excellent mechanical strength and temperature resistance, and the density of the PBO fiber is only 1.56g/cm 3 The tensile strength is 5.8 GPa, the highest tensile modulus can reach 280-380 GPa, the working temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the thermal decomposition temperature is 670 ℃. In addition, the PBO fiber also shows excellent creep resistance, chemical medium resistance, shearing resistance, wear resistance and flame retardant property. Because of the excellent mechanical and thermal properties of the PBO fiber, the PBO fiber serving as the reinforcing fiber of the self-lubricating liner can greatly improve the mechanical property and the tribological property of the self-lubricating liner. However, the high degree of orientation and crystallinity results in smooth, highly inert surfaces of the PBO fibers, resulting in poor interfacial interactions with the resin matrix. At present, the problem of weak interface interaction between the PBO fiber and a resin matrix is solved, and modification methods such as a plasma etching method, an irradiation method, a chemical oxidation method and the like are mainly adopted. The interface bonding strength between the PBO fiber and the resin matrix can be improved to a certain extent by the modification of the method, but the mechanical property of the modified PBO fiber has oneA certain degree of decline. The reduction of the mechanical property of the PBO fiber can lead to the loss of the mechanical property and the tribological property of the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner, and the purpose of prolonging the service life of self-lubricating bearings and other fabric self-lubricating parts can not be achieved.
CN104328610A discloses a surface modification treatment device for poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO), which can realize continuous surface treatment on poly (p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers and realize continuous industrial production of fiber filaments. However, this method is not suitable for the interface modification of the fibers in the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner, mainly because the PBO fiber fabric needs to be pulled through during the weaving process, and the previous modification is damaged by friction during the weaving preparation stage and the weaving process, so that the purpose of interface reinforcement cannot be achieved. Therefore, on the premise of not influencing the mechanical strength of the fibers, how to improve the interfacial interaction between the fibers and the resin in the self-lubricating liner, and further improve the interfacial bonding strength between the PBO fibers and the resin matrix is particularly important for improving the comprehensive performance of the self-lubricating liner. The fiber surface is modified by a chemical or physical method, the fiber surface roughness, the active functional group content and the wettability are increased, the interface bonding strength between the PBO fiber and the resin matrix is further improved, and the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the self-lubricating liner is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner PBO/PTFE composite material, so as to improve the interface bonding strength between two fibers in a PBO/PTFE self-lubricating fabric and a resin matrix and improve the mechanical property and the tribological property of the self-lubricating liner.
1. Preparation of PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material
The preparation method of the PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material comprises the steps of taking the sized PBO fiber as weft yarn, taking the PBO fiber and PTFE fiber twisted yarn as warp yarn, and weaving on a weaving machine; desizing the fabric grey cloth after the machine unloading to obtain PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; soaking the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into a PEI (polyethyleneimine) aqueous solution for surface activation treatment to obtain a surface-activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; circularly dipping the PBO/PTFE fabric gray fabric with the activated surface by adopting aramid nano fiber dispersion and alpha-ZrP solution to obtain modified PBO/PTFE fabric gray fabric; then repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in reinforced resin until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 15 to 35 percent; and finally, curing to obtain the PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material.
The specification of the PBO fiber and the PTFE fiber is between 50 and 800D. The twist of the PBO fiber and PTFE fiber twisted yarn is 50 to 800 twists/m. The fabric grey fabric structure is one of the evolution structures of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave structures or plain weave, twill weave and satin weave structures. The density of warp yarns in the fabric grey cloth is 200 to 550 threads/10 cm, and the density of weft yarns is 100 to 400 threads/10 cm.
The concentration of PEI aqueous solution for PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth surface activation treatment is 0.001mg to 1g/ml; the treatment process is carried out for 1 to 1.5 hours at the temperature of 50 to 150 ℃.
The process for circularly dipping the surface-activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth by adopting the alpha-ZrP solution and the aramid nano-fiber dispersion comprises the following steps: immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into an aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid for 0.5 to 30min, taking out, washing with dimethyl sulfoxide for 1 to 2min, washing with deionized water for 1 to 2min, and drying at 70 to 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into the alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid for 0.5 to 30min, washing the mixture with deionized water for 1 to 2min, and drying the mixture at 70 to 80 ℃; and repeatedly and circularly soaking for 2 to 60 times to obtain the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth. Wherein the concentration of the alpha-ZrP solution is 0.005 mg/ml-1 g/ml, and the concentration of the aramid nano-fiber dispersion liquid is 0.01 mg/ml-0.8 g/ml.
The reinforced resin is one of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and epoxy resin or a mixture of the two.
The curing treatment temperature is 120-200 ℃, the curing time is 30min-3h, and the heating rate is 3-20 ℃/min.
2. Properties of PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite
1. Physical Properties
The PBO/PTFE fabric gray fabric disclosed by the invention has a flat cloth cover, and the liner with the self-lubricating liner adhered to the surface of the metal base material has no wrinkles, no bubbles, and is flat and smooth.
2. Mechanical properties
The test method comprises the following steps: (1) Cutting the self-lubricating fiber fabric obtained by the treatment into prepreg (2 x 12 cm) with a certain size, adhering the prepreg to the surface of the AISI-1045 stainless steel base material, and curing at 180 ℃ for 2h to obtain a test piece for testing the bonding strength. A universal material testing machine is adopted to carry out bonding performance test, and the peeling test speed is 50mm/min. (2) The self-lubricating fiber fabric obtained by the treatment is cut into prepregs (2 multiplied by 12 cm) with certain sizes, and cured at 180 ℃ for 2h to obtain test pieces for tensile strength tests. A universal material testing machine is adopted to test the bonding performance, and the tensile test speed is 30mm/min.
FIG. 1 shows the tensile strength and adhesive strength of the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner prepared by the invention. Wherein a-b is PBO enhanced self-lubricating liner peel strength data, and c-d is PBO enhanced self-lubricating liner tensile strength data. It can be seen that the peel strength and tensile strength in the weft direction of the PBO reinforced self-lubricating liner are greater than the peel strength and tensile strength in the warp direction. As can be seen from FIG. 1, since PBO fiber has very excellent mechanical properties, the PBO fiber can be used as a self-lubricating liner prepared from the reinforcing fiber and has very excellent mechanical properties, the tensile strength is more than 180MPa, and the bonding strength is more than 1.25N/mm.
3. Frictional properties
The test method comprises the following steps: the testing machine is a basalt third friction wear testing machine, and under the room temperature environment, the dynamic load is 80MPa, the rotating speed is 280 r/min, and the testing time is 120min.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liners made in accordance with the present invention showing the change of the coefficient of friction with time and after the test. It can be seen that after 120min of test time, the surface of the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner had only partial resin abrasion and very little fiber exposure, the liner had an abrasion depth of only 39.6 μm, a coefficient of friction of about 0.06, and was very smooth. It can be seen that the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner has very excellent load bearing capacity and wear resistance.
In conclusion, the PBO fiber with excellent mechanical property and thermal stability is introduced into the self-lubricating liner composite material, meanwhile, the interface modification is carried out on the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating fabric grey cloth by adopting a fiber interface treatment process, so that the interface bonding strength between the fiber and a resin matrix is improved, the mechanical property and the frictional wear property of the fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material obtained by compounding the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating fabric grey cloth with the reinforced resin are greatly improved, the comprehensive performance of a fabric type self-lubricating part is greatly improved, and the requirements on service stability and service life of the self-lubricating liner can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the tensile strength and adhesive strength of the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner prepared by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the PBO/PTFE self-lubricating liner prepared according to the present invention showing the change of the friction coefficient with time and the liner after the test.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the preparation method of the PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material of the present invention, and the mechanical properties and frictional properties thereof.
Example 1
(1) Plying and twisting the 250D PBO fiber and the PTFE fiber on fiber twisting equipment, wherein the twist is twist/meter to obtain a twisted yarn;
(2) Adding components such as an antioxidant, an antistatic agent and the like into the polyester slurry, and sizing the PBO fiber;
(3) The PBO fiber treated by the sizing is taken as warp yarn, the twisted yarn of the PBO and PTFE fiber is taken as weft yarn, the PBO and PTFE fiber are woven on a weaving machine, and the grey cloth is plain weave; desizing the off-machine fabric to obtain PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(4) Soaking the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into a PEI (1 mg/ml) aqueous solution, and reacting at 50 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain a surface activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(5) Immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid (0.002 mg/ml), taking out after immersing for 10min, washing for 2min by using dimethyl sulfoxide, washing for 1min by using deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid (0.01 mg/ml), soaking for 10min, washing with deionized water for 2min, and drying at 80 ℃; repeatedly and circularly dipping for 3 times to obtain modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(6) Repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in a phenolic resin solution until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 75%; curing the bond (184 ℃,2 h) to obtain the PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner;
(7) The testing machine is a basalt III friction wear testing machine, and under the room temperature environment, the dynamic load is 80MPa, the rotating speed is 280 r/min, and the testing time is 120min. The PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner has partial resin wear and very little fiber exposure on the surface, the wear depth of the liner is only 39.6 microns, the average friction coefficient is 0.06, and the liner is very smooth. The weft tensile strength is 198.3MPa, and the bonding strength is 3.63N/mm.
Example 2
(1), (2), (3) and (4) are the same as in example 1;
(5) Immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid (0.002 mg/ml), taking out after immersion for 10min, washing with dimethyl sulfoxide for 2min, washing with deionized water for 1min, and drying at 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid (0.01 mg/ml), soaking for 10min, washing with deionized water for 2min, and drying at 80 ℃; repeatedly and circularly dipping for 6 times to obtain modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(6) Repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in a phenolic resin solution until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 75%; curing the bond ((184 ℃,2 h)) to obtain the PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner;
(7) The testing machine is a basalt No. three friction wear testing machine, and the testing time is 120min at room temperature under the condition of 80MPa dynamic load and the rotating speed of 280 r/min. The PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner has only partial resin abrasion on the surface and very little fiber exposure, the abrasion depth of the liner is only 44 mu m, the average friction coefficient is 0.056, and the liner is very smooth. The weft tensile strength is 177.26MPa, and the bonding strength is 4.31N/mm.
Example 3
(1), (2), (3) and (4) are the same as in example 1;
(5) Immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid (0.002 mg/ml), taking out after immersing for 10min, washing for 2min by using dimethyl sulfoxide, washing for 1min by using deionized water, and drying at 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid (0.01 mg/ml), soaking for 10min, washing with deionized water for 2min, and drying at 80 ℃; repeatedly and circularly dipping for 9 times to obtain modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(6) Repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in a phenolic resin solution until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 75%; curing the bond ((184 ℃,2 h)) to obtain the PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner;
(7) The testing machine is a basalt No. three friction wear testing machine, and the testing time is 120min at room temperature under the condition of 80MPa dynamic load and the rotating speed of 280 r/min. The PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner has only partial resin abrasion and very little fiber exposure on the surface, the abrasion depth of the liner is only 40 mu m, the average friction coefficient is 0.055, and the liner is very stable. The tensile strength is 210.53MPa, and the bonding strength is 4.15N/mm.
Example 4
(1), (2), (3) and (4) are the same as in example 1;
(5) Immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid (0.002 mg/ml), taking out after immersion for 10min, washing with dimethyl sulfoxide for 2min, washing with deionized water for 1min, and drying at 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid (0.01 mg/ml), soaking for 10min, washing with deionized water for 2min, and drying at 80 ℃; repeatedly and circularly dipping for 9 times to obtain modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth;
(6) Repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in a phenolic resin solution until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 75%; curing the bond ((184 ℃,2 h)) to obtain the PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner;
(7) The testing machine is a basalt No. three friction wear testing machine, and the testing time is 120min at room temperature under the condition of 80MPa dynamic load and the rotating speed of 280 r/min. The PBO/PTFE/phenolic resin self-lubricating liner has only partial resin abrasion on the surface and very little fiber exposure, the abrasion depth of the liner is only 39.8 mu m, the average friction coefficient is 0.058, and the liner is very smooth. The tensile strength was 188.81MPa, and the adhesive strength was 4.01N/mm.
In each of the above examples, preparation of an α -ZrP dispersion: and adding a proper amount of alpha-ZrP with the surface modified and positive charges into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min to obtain alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.01 mg/ml.
Preparation of Aramid Nanofiber (ANFs) dispersions: an appropriate amount of aramid staple fibers and potassium hydroxide (0.75 g) were added to 250ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, and stirred for 7 days to obtain a dispersion of Aramid Nanofibers (ANFs) at a concentration of 0.002 g/ml.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the PBO fiber after sizing is taken as weft yarn, and the PBO fiber and PTFE fiber twisted yarn is taken as warp yarn to be woven on a weaving machine; desizing the fabric grey cloth after the machine unloading to obtain PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; soaking the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into a PEI (polyetherimide) aqueous solution for surface activation treatment to obtain a surface-activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; circularly dipping the surface-activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth by using the aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid and the alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid to obtain a modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth; then repeatedly dipping the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth in reinforced resin until the mass fraction of the fabric reaches 50 to 85 percent; and finally, curing to obtain the PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite material.
2. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the specification of the PBO fiber and the PTFE fiber is 50 to 800D.
3. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the twist of the twisted yarn of the PBO fiber and the PTFE fiber is 50 to 800 twists/m.
4. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the structure of the fabric grey cloth is one of the evolution structures of plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, or plain weave, twill weave and satin weave structures; the density of warp yarns in the fabric grey cloth is 200 to 550 threads/10 cm, and the density of weft yarns is 100 to 400 threads/10 cm.
5. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the concentration of PEI aqueous solution for the surface activation treatment of the PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth is 0.001mg-1g/ml; the processing technology is to process for 1 to 1.5h at 50 to 150 ℃.
6. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid is obtained by adding surface-modified positively-charged alpha-ZrP into deionized water and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min; the concentration of the alpha-ZrP dispersion is 0.005mg/ml to 1g/ml.
7. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid is 0.01 mg/ml-0.8 g/ml.
8. A method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the process for circularly dipping the PBO/PTFE fabric gray fabric with the surface activated by the alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid and the aramid nano-fiber dispersion liquid comprises the following steps: immersing the activated PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth into the aramid nanofiber dispersion liquid for 0.5 to 30min, taking out, washing with dimethyl sulfoxide for 1 to 2min, washing with deionized water for 1 to 2min, and drying at 70 to 80 ℃; then soaking the mixture into the alpha-ZrP dispersion liquid for 0.5 to 30min, washing the mixture with deionized water for 1 to 2min, and drying the mixture at 70 to 80 ℃; and repeatedly and circularly soaking for 2 to 60 times to obtain the modified PBO/PTFE fabric grey cloth.
9. The method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the reinforced resin is one of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and epoxy resin or a mixture of the two.
10. A method of preparing a PBO fiber reinforced self-lubricating liner composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the curing treatment temperature is between 120 and 200 ℃, the curing time is 30min to 3h, and the heating rate is between 3 and 20 ℃/min.
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| CN115074997B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-03-31 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Core-shell structure functional material and preparation method thereof, self-lubricating fiber fabric composite material and preparation method thereof |
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