CN112264568A - Forging method for air bag shell forming die of drilling pump for circulating system of petroleum drilling machine - Google Patents
Forging method for air bag shell forming die of drilling pump for circulating system of petroleum drilling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112264568A CN112264568A CN202011063519.6A CN202011063519A CN112264568A CN 112264568 A CN112264568 A CN 112264568A CN 202011063519 A CN202011063519 A CN 202011063519A CN 112264568 A CN112264568 A CN 112264568A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a die forging method of a drilling pump air bag shell for an oil drilling circulation system, which comprises the following steps: step 1, designing an upper die and a lower die of a tire die forging die according to the shape and the size of a forging piece; step 2, heating the blank to the initial forging temperature, and performing upsetting, blind hole punching, mandrel drawing and saw cutting to obtain a blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank; and 3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank obtained in the step 2 in the upper die and the lower die obtained in the step 1 for stewing, and performing air cooling and normalizing treatment after the forge piece is demoulded to obtain the air bag shell. The internal quality of the forge piece is improved through large deformation in the blank making stage in the forging process, the blank making is a blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank, the flow direction of metal is limited by means of a forming die in the finish forging process, the appearance of the forge piece is close to a part, the inner hole of the forge piece is expanded naturally, the forge piece machining allowance is small, and energy materials are saved. The forging piece is easy to demould after the forging is finished, and the forging process is simple to operate. The forging streamline accords with the forging shape, and mechanical property is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of petroleum drilling machine equipment, and relates to a forging method of a drilling pump air bag shell forming die for a circulating system of a petroleum drilling machine.
Background
In the use process of the drilling pump, due to the fact that flowing liquid in a drilling pump cylinder is discontinuous or the flowing liquid and a piston do not move synchronously, the liquid and the end face of the piston are mutually impacted to form a water hammer phenomenon (commonly called a water hammer), pressure fluctuation is caused, abnormal noise occurs in the drilling pump, and the result that the pipeline of the drilling pump is broken when the abnormal noise occurs is serious. The air bag is an important component part of the drilling pump, the shell of the air bag is a hollow spherical part, and the air bag has important functions of stabilizing pressure, reducing fluctuation, increasing water horsepower, reducing well leakage and the like in the working process of the drilling pump, so that the maintenance of the normal work of the air bag is very important in the drilling production.
Because the air bag shell is of a spherical special structure with a hollow interior, casting forming or forging-welding forming is adopted at present. Casting products are often scrapped when casting defects such as air holes, sand inclusion, cracks and the like are found in the machining process, so that the product cost is increased, and the quality cannot be ensured. The utilization rate of forging-welding forming materials is high, but the equipment investment is large, and the quality of deep V-shaped welding seams is sometimes difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging method of a forming die of a drilling pump air pocket shell for a circulating system of an oil drilling machine, which solves the problem that the air pocket shell formed by casting in the prior art has casting defects of air holes, sand inclusion, cracks and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the die forging method of the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system comprises the following steps:
and 3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank obtained in the step 2 in the upper die and the lower die obtained in the step 1 for stewing, and performing air cooling and normalizing treatment after the forge piece is demoulded to obtain the air bag shell.
In the step 1, the bottom of the upper die is a circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, and the top of the upper die is provided with a circular through hole communicated with the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the size of the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity is consistent with that of the upper half part of the forging; the bottom of the lower die is a spherical inner cavity, and the top of the lower die is provided with an annular groove for installing a guide sleeve; the spherical inner cavity is consistent with the lower half part of the forging in size; the die forging die is also provided with a gasket, the outer diameter of the gasket is the same as that of the lower die, and the inner diameter of the gasket is larger than that of the upper die.
In the step 2, the outer diameter of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 is 400mm, the inner diameter is 190mm, the diameter of the small end step is 330mm, the total length is 900mm, the depth of the inner hole is 750mm, and the wall thickness is 105 mm.
The initial forging temperature in the step 2 is 1180-.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, preheating the upper die and the lower die obtained in the step 1;
step 3.2, heating the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank to the initial forging temperature, preserving heat, and slightly upsetting to remove oxide skin on the surface;
3.3, freely upsetting the blind hole long sleeve blank to 700mm in height in a lower die;
step 3.4, adding an upper die on the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank to continue upsetting, and carrying out annealing to obtain a forged piece;
3.5, after the annealing is finished, clamping a lower die by an operating machine, overturning for 180 degrees, placing on a gasket, and automatically demoulding a forged piece from an upper die after pressing;
3.6, air cooling the forged piece after demolding, then placing the forged piece into a furnace at 860 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, and discharging the forged piece from the furnace and air cooling the forged piece to room temperature;
in step 3.1, the preheating temperature of the upper die and the lower die is 200-300 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the air bag shell can be integrally forged, the metal flow direction is limited by the upper and lower tire molds in the forging process, and the appearance of the forged piece is close to that of a part; the forging blank making structure is simple, and the inner hole of the forging is expanded to form a natural circular arc hollow; the processing allowance of the forge piece is small, raw materials are saved, and the processing efficiency is improved; the forging is easy to demould, and the operation is simple and reliable; the metal streamline inside the forging is distributed according to the shape of the part, the subsequent machining is not cut off, and the mechanical property is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a die diagram of a method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an upper die in the method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lower die in the method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a gasket in the method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a blind hole long sleeve blank in the method for forging a drilling pump air bag shell forming die for a circulating system of an oil drilling machine according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a forging obtained in the method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a drawing mandrel diagram of a method for forging a casing die of a drill pump air bag for a circulation system of an oil rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the die forging process in the die forging method of the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system;
in the figure, 1, an upper die, 2, a lower die, 3, a gasket, 4, a blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank, 5, a forge piece and 6, a mandrel is drawn out.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the method for forging the casing of the air bag of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system by the die forging comprises the following steps:
And 3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 obtained in the step 2 in the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 obtained in the step 1 for braising, demolding the forged piece 5, then air-cooling, and normalizing to obtain the air bag shell.
In the step 1, the bottom of an upper die 1 is a circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, and the top of the upper die is provided with a circular through hole communicated with the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the size of the circular truncated cone-shaped inner cavity is consistent with that of the upper half part of the forging piece 5; the bottom of the lower die 2 is a spherical inner cavity, the top of the lower die is provided with an annular groove for installing a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve plays a role in guiding the upper die 1 in the forging process, so that the central lines of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are overlapped, and the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 is prevented from inclining in the upsetting process; the spherical inner cavity is consistent with the lower half part of the forging 5 in size; the die forging die is further provided with a gasket 3, the outer diameter of the gasket 3 is the same as that of the lower die 2, and the inner diameter of the gasket 3 is larger than that of the upper die 1, so that the forge piece 5 can be smoothly demoulded from the lower die 2.
Referring to fig. 5, in step 2, the outer diameter of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 is 400mm, the inner diameter is 190mm, the diameter of the small end step is 330mm, the total length is 900mm, the depth of the inner hole is 750mm, and the wall thickness is 105 mm.
The initial forging temperature in the step 2 is 1180-.
As shown in fig. 8, step 3 specifically includes the following steps:
step 3.1, preheating the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 obtained in the step 1;
step 3.2, heating the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 obtained in the step 2 to the initial forging temperature, preserving heat, and slightly upsetting to remove oxide skin on the surface;
3.3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4 into the lower die 2, and freely upsetting the blank to 700mm in height by a pressurizing machine;
3.4, adding an upper die 1 to the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4, guiding the lower part of the upper die 1 into a guide sleeve of a lower die 2 to enable the central lines of the upper die 1, the lower die 2 and the blank to be superposed, pressing and upsetting the upper die 1 by a press, and carrying out annealing to obtain a forge piece 5;
3.5, after the annealing is finished, clamping the lower die 2 by an operating machine, overturning by 180 degrees, placing on the gasket 3, and automatically demoulding the forge piece 5 from the upper die 1 after the forge piece is pressed down;
step 3.6, air cooling the forged piece 5 after demolding, then placing the forged piece into a furnace at 860 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours (normalizing treatment), and discharging the forged piece from the furnace and air cooling the forged piece to room temperature;
step 3.1 the preheating temperature of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 is 200-.
The method can forge the forged piece 5 close to the part in a profiling mode, effectively reduce the machining allowance of the forged piece 5, reserve the complete metal conformal flow line, improve the mechanical property of the forged piece 5 and prolong the service life.
The invention also has the following advantages:
1. the forming die is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, small in equipment tool investment, short in forging process, simple and easy to operate, the appearance of a forged piece is close to that of a part, machining allowance is small, material waste is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.
2. The forging deformation is large through the working steps of upsetting, punching, mandrel drawing and the like in the blank manufacturing process, the internal metallurgical defect of the material can be effectively eliminated, the forging quality is good, and the service life is long.
3. The blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank is simple in shape, when upsetting is conducted in a forming die, the structural characteristics of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank are utilized, the inner portion and the outer portion of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank are naturally expanded, the outer portion of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank is limited by the die to form the appearance of a forge piece, the inner hole forms the hollow inner cavity of the forge piece, the required forging pressure is small, energy is saved.
4. The forging is formed in the moulding bed, the surface quality is good, the metal streamline formed in the forging conforms to the shape of the forging, the metal streamline is not cut off during machining, and the mechanical property of the forging is high.
Taking a KBD-45 air bag as an example, the shell material of the air bag is 35 CrMo:
1. and (5) weaving process. And (3) making a forging drawing according to the part drawing, designing a die forging die, calculating the weight of the forging, the blanking weight and the blanking specification, determining the forging initial forging and final forging temperatures, the forging heat number, the forging deformation process, the forging equipment, the forging demolding and the cooling mode after forging and the like, and compiling the forging process.
2. And (6) blanking. The weight of the forging is calculated to be 698kg according to the shape and size of the forging, the forging is finished by 2 times of blank making and finish forging, the blanking weight is calculated to be 733kg and the blanking size is phi 400 multiplied by 739 by considering the head cutting excess material and the fire consumption of the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 5.
3. And (4) heating. Heating the blanking to the forging starting temperature of 1180-1200 ℃ according to the heating specification, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours.
4. And freely upsetting the blank. The billet is free to upset vertically to a height of about 550 mm.
5. And punching blind holes. And punching a blind hole in the center of the blank.
6. And (5) drawing out the mandrel. And (5) penetrating the blank obtained in the step (5) on a drawing mandrel (6) for drawing and pressing a small-head step. The drawing process is carried out according to the operation key points of the mandrel drawing, the mandrel is continuously rotated to prevent the mandrel from being seized, the length of a small-end step is strictly controlled, and the phenomenon that the mandrel is folded during upsetting is avoided.
7. And (4) sawing off two ends of the blank obtained in the step (6) on a sawing machine to enable the end faces to be flush, so as to obtain the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4.
8. And (4) freely upsetting in the die. And (3) reheating the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank 4, then vertically and lightly upsetting the blank, removing surface oxide skin, placing the blank in the lower die 2, and freely upsetting the blank to 700 mm.
9. And (5) stewing in a mold. And (4) sleeving the blank obtained in the step (8) on an upper die 1, and upsetting and stewing in the die.
10. And (6) demolding. The lower mold 2 is turned over and placed on the gasket 3, the adding round steel is ejected out, and the forge piece 5 is automatically demoulded from the circular truncated cone-shaped cavity of the upper mold 1.
11. And cooling after forging. And (4) air cooling and normalizing the forged piece after demolding.
Claims (6)
1. The die forging method of the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, designing an upper die (1) and a lower die (2) of a die forging die according to the shape and the size of a forge piece (5);
step 2, heating the blank to the initial forging temperature, and performing upsetting, blind hole punching, mandrel drawing and saw cutting to obtain a blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank (4);
and 3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank (4) obtained in the step 2 in the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) obtained in the step 1 for braising, demolding the forged piece (5), then cooling in air, and normalizing to obtain the air bag shell.
2. The die forging method for the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system according to the claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the bottom of the upper die (1) is a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity, and the top of the upper die is provided with a circular through hole communicated with the truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the sizes of the truncated cone-shaped inner cavity and the upper half part of the forging (5) are consistent; the bottom of the lower die (2) is a spherical inner cavity, and the top of the lower die is provided with an annular groove for installing a guide sleeve; the spherical inner cavity is consistent with the lower half part of the forging (5) in size; the die forging die is further provided with a gasket (3), the outer diameter of the gasket (3) is the same as that of the lower die (2), and the inner diameter of the gasket is larger than that of the upper die (1).
3. The die forging method for the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the blind hole long sleeve blank (4) in the step 2 is 400mm, the inner diameter is 190mm, the diameter of the small end step is 330mm, the total length is 900mm, the depth of the inner hole is 750mm, and the wall thickness is 105 mm.
4. The die forging method for the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system as recited in claim 1, wherein the forging starting temperature in the step 2 is 1180-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h.
5. The die forging method for the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, preheating the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) obtained in the step 1;
step 3.2, heating the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank (4) to the initial forging temperature, preserving heat, and slightly upsetting to remove oxide skin on the surface;
3.3, placing the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank (4) into the lower die (2) and freely upsetting to 700mm in height;
3.4, continuously upsetting the blind hole long sleeve-shaped blank (4) and the upper die (1), and carrying out annealing to obtain a forge piece (5);
3.5, after the annealing is finished, turning the lower clamping die (2) of the operating machine by 180 degrees and placing the lower clamping die on the gasket (3), and automatically demoulding the forged piece (5) from the upper die (1) after the lower clamping die is pressed;
and 3.6, air cooling the forged piece (5) after demolding, then placing the forged piece into a furnace at 860 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, and discharging the forged piece out of the furnace and air cooling the forged piece to the room temperature.
6. The die forging method for the air bag shell of the drilling pump for the oil drilling circulation system according to claim 5, wherein the preheating temperature of the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) in the step 3.1 is 200-300 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011063519.6A CN112264568B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Forging method of casing jig of air bag of drilling pump for petroleum drilling machine circulation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011063519.6A CN112264568B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Forging method of casing jig of air bag of drilling pump for petroleum drilling machine circulation system |
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| CN112264568A true CN112264568A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
| CN112264568B CN112264568B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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