CN112258960A - Soil formation and evolution mechanism development and education system and demonstration method - Google Patents
Soil formation and evolution mechanism development and education system and demonstration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil formation and evolution mechanism development system which comprises a box body, wherein the top surface of the box body is provided with a first platform and a second platform, the height of the first platform is higher than that of the second platform, and the first platform and the second platform are in gradual transition with gradually reduced height; a transparent sample box is arranged on the first platform and used for displaying a section of soil, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box, and the cover plate covers the top of the transparent sample box; a back plate is vertically arranged on the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate is higher than that of the first platform, and one end of the cover plate is fixed on the back plate; the back plate above the second platform is provided with a first propaganda screen, and one end, far away from the cover plate, of the back plate is provided with a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate. The invention also discloses a soil formation and evolution mechanism development and education method. The method is used for developing and teaching the relevant knowledge of the soil, and has deep and profound significance for popularizing the relevant knowledge of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil formation and evolution mechanism exhibition and education system and a demonstration method, and belongs to the technical field of soil knowledge exhibition and education equipment.
Background
The soil ring is covered on the surface layer of the land, is positioned on the interface of the ring layers of atmosphere, biology, rocks, water and the like, is a connecting link of the surface layer system of the land, supports the main life process of the landing ball and keeps the balance of the ecosystem. Soil is also a natural resource which is closely related to human welfare and difficult to regenerate, such as grains, fibers, fuels and the like, and has inestimable effects in the fields of coping with or slowing down environmental pollution, ecological degradation, energy shortage, climate change and the like. However, soil degradation is a worldwide problem, and about 33% of the global soils bring serious challenges due to urbanization, water and soil loss, nutrient depletion, salinization, drought, pollution and the like, which may cause the depletion of soil resources and the decline of the whole civilization. Therefore, the world countries are increasingly paying more attention to the research of soil science and the popularization of soil science knowledge. Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved urgently to provide a system for developing soil knowledge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil formation and evolution mechanism development and education system which is used for developing and educating the relevant knowledge of soil and has deep and profound significance for popularizing the relevant knowledge of soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil formation and evolution mechanism development system comprises a box body, wherein the top surface of the box body is provided with a first platform and a second platform, the first platform is higher than the second platform, and the height of the first platform is gradually reduced from the first platform to the second platform; a transparent sample box is arranged on the first platform and used for displaying a section of soil, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box, and the cover plate covers the top of the transparent sample box; a back plate is vertically arranged on the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate is higher than that of the first platform, and one end of the cover plate is fixed on the back plate; a first propaganda screen is arranged on the back plate above the second platform, and a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate is arranged at one end, far away from the cover plate, of the back plate; the box body is internally provided with a jacking device, the telescopic end of the jacking device faces downwards, the telescopic end of the jacking device is connected with a fixed plate, the lower part of the fixed plate is connected with two translation brackets, and translation pulleys are arranged on the translation brackets; the transparent sample box comprises a cylindrical sample box body, the sample box body comprises a first water storage tank, a transparent soil specimen tank and a water collection tank, the first water storage tank is positioned above the transparent soil specimen tank, and the water collection tank is positioned below the transparent soil specimen tank; a water guide pipe is arranged below the first water storage tank, the top end of the water guide pipe is connected and communicated with the first water storage tank, the lower end of the water guide pipe is of a sealed conical structure, the side wall of the water guide pipe is provided with hole sites which are uniformly distributed, and a sponge body is filled in the water guide pipe; an opening is reserved at the upper end of the transparent soil sample tank, a sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the transparent soil sample tank, first through holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing plate, a water collecting tank is arranged at the top of the water collecting tank, second through holes are formed in the water collecting tank, and the water collecting tank is communicated with the water collecting tank through the second through holes; the box body is internally provided with a second water storage tank which is communicated with the transparent sample box and used for replenishing water to soil in the transparent sample box; the electric control cabinet is arranged in the box body, a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity which are mutually independent are arranged in the electric control cabinet, a top header is arranged at the top of the electric control cabinet, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are all communicated with the top header, a bottom header is arranged at the bottom of the electric control cabinet, and the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are all communicated with the bottom header; install air inlet window and exhaust window on the box body, have the cooling coil in the second storage water tank, air inlet window, cooling coil, top collection case, automatically controlled cabinet, bottom collection case and exhaust window communicate in proper order.
In the soil formation and evolution mechanism development system, the aqueduct is arranged on the first water storage tank in a pluggable manner, and a rubber sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the aqueduct and the first water storage tank; the lower part of the transparent soil specimen tank is provided with an annular closing-in which is positioned in the water collecting tank; the distance between the sealing plate and the bottom of the water collecting tank is larger than or equal to.
In the soil formation and evolution mechanism development system, the soil sample box with the function of replenishing water is characterized in that the cover body of the water collecting tank is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank, and the water outlet of the cover body is provided with a sealing cover; the outer walls of the first water storage tank and the water collecting tank are provided with annular lamp belts; the top of the first water storage tank is provided with a decorative cover which covers the top of the first water storage tank.
In the soil formation and evolution mechanism development system, a sealing plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a seam is formed in the sealing plate, and the translation support is located in the seam.
In the aforementioned soil formation and evolution mechanism development system, the jacking device is an electric jacking device, a power supply device is arranged in the box body, and the jacking device is electrically connected with the power supply device.
In the aforementioned soil formation and evolution mechanism exhibition and education system, display device has on the lateral wall of box body, display device is located the lateral wall of box body of first platform below, and display device has the second propaganda screen that the slope set up, the second propaganda screen is the touch-sensitive screen.
In the aforementioned soil formation and evolution mechanism development system, the box body is provided with a plurality of soil specimen drawers which are uniformly distributed, and the soil specimen drawers are located on the side wall of the box body below the soil distribution diagram fixing plate.
A soil formation and evolution mechanism development method comprises the following steps: and determining the corresponding relation between the environmental factors and time in the soil forming and evolution process, and displaying the soil forming and evolution by controlling the input of the environmental factors and the deduction of the time.
In the aforementioned method for developing and teaching soil formation and evolution mechanism, the environmental factors include climate factors, biological factors, and terrain factors; the climatic factors comprise temperature, humidity and precipitation; the biological factors comprise the number of animals, the number of plants and the number of insects in a unit area; the terrain factors comprise plateaus, plains, basins, hills and mountains; after determining the terrain factors through the second publicity screen, the second publicity screen controls the temperature, the humidity, the precipitation, the number of animals in the unit area, the number of plants, the input quantity of the number of insects and the fast forward speed of time to demonstrate the soil formation and evolution through the first publicity screen.
Compared with the prior art, the method is used for developing and teaching the relevant knowledge of the soil, and has deep and profound significance for popularizing the relevant knowledge of the soil. Under the conventional state, the jacking device is in a contraction state, and the translation support and the translation pulley are positioned in the seam. When the position needs to be transferred, the position is changed into an extension state through the jacking device, the translational support and the translational pulley extend out of the seam, the box body is jacked up, then the box body can be pushed, and the state of the jacking device is changed into a contraction state after the designated position is transferred.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a translating carriage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present transparent sample cartridge;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 from another perspective;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cooling system.
Reference numerals: 1-a display device, 2-a second propaganda screen, 3-a box body, 4-a first platform, 5-a transparent sample box, 6-a cover plate, 7-a back plate, 8-a first propaganda screen, 9-a soil distribution diagram fixing plate, 10-a second platform, 11-a drawer, 12-a jacking device, 13-a fixing plate, 14-a translation bracket, 15-a translation pulley, 16-a rubber sealing ring, 17-an annular closing-in, 18-a cover body, 19-a sealing cover, 20-a decorative cover, 21-a water storage tank, 22-a lamp belt, 23-a hole site, 24-a water guide pipe, 25-a transparent soil sample tank, 26-a water collecting tank, 27-a water collecting tank, 28-a sample box body, 29-a water storage tank and 30-a cooling coil pipe, 31-a top header, 32-a first cavity, 33-an electric control cabinet, 34-a first control board, 35-a bottom header, 36-a second control board, 37-a third control board, 38-a third cavity, 39-a second cavity, 40-an exhaust window and 41-an air inlet window.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Detailed Description
Example 1 of the invention: a soil formation and evolution mechanism development system comprises a box body 3, wherein the top surface of the box body 3 is provided with a first platform 4 and a second platform 10, the first platform 4 is higher than the second platform 10, and the height of the first platform 4 is gradually reduced from the first platform 4 to the second platform 10; a transparent sample box 5 is arranged on the first platform 4, the transparent sample box 5 is used for displaying the section of soil, a cover plate 6 is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box 5, and the cover plate 6 covers the top of the transparent sample box 5; a back plate 7 which is vertically arranged is arranged at the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate 7 is higher than that of the first platform 4, and one end of the cover plate 6 is fixed on the back plate 7; a back plate 7 above the second platform 10 is provided with a first publicity screen 8, and one end of the back plate 7 far away from the cover plate 6 is provided with a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate 9; a jacking device 12 is installed in the box body 3, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 faces downwards, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 is connected with a fixed plate 13, the lower part of the fixed plate 13 is connected with two translation brackets 14, and translation pulleys 15 are installed on the translation brackets 14; the transparent sample box 5 comprises a cylindrical sample box body 28, the sample box body 28 comprises a first water storage tank 21, a transparent soil specimen tank 25 and a water collection tank 27, the first water storage tank 21 is positioned above the transparent soil specimen tank 25, and the water collection tank 27 is positioned below the transparent soil specimen tank 25; a water guide pipe 24 is arranged below the first water storage tank 21, the top end of the water guide pipe 24 is connected and communicated with the first water storage tank 21, the lower end of the water guide pipe 24 is of a sealed conical structure, hole sites 23 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water guide pipe 24, and a sponge body is filled in the water guide pipe 24; an opening is reserved at the upper end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, a sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, first through holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing plate, a water collecting tank 26 is arranged at the top of the water collecting tank 27, second through holes are formed in the water collecting tank 26, and the water collecting tank 26 is communicated with the water collecting tank 27 through the second through holes; the box body 3 is internally provided with a second water storage tank 29, the second water storage tank 29 is communicated with the transparent sample box 5, and the second water storage tank 29 is used for replenishing water to the soil in the transparent sample box 5; the electric control cabinet 33 is arranged in the box body 3, a first cavity 32, a second cavity 39 and a third cavity 38 which are mutually independent are arranged in the electric control cabinet 33, a top header 31 is arranged at the top of the electric control cabinet 33, the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the top header 31, a bottom header 35 is arranged at the bottom of the electric control cabinet 33, and the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the bottom header 35; install air inlet window 41 and exhaust window 40 on the box body 3, have cooling coil 30 in the second storage water tank 29, air inlet window 41, cooling coil 30, top header 31, automatically controlled cabinet 33, bottom header 35 and exhaust window 40 communicate in proper order.
Example 2: a soil formation and evolution mechanism development system comprises a box body 3, wherein the top surface of the box body 3 is provided with a first platform 4 and a second platform 10, the first platform 4 is higher than the second platform 10, and the height of the first platform 4 is gradually reduced from the first platform 4 to the second platform 10; a transparent sample box 5 is arranged on the first platform 4, the transparent sample box 5 is used for displaying the section of soil, a cover plate 6 is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box 5, and the cover plate 6 covers the top of the transparent sample box 5; a back plate 7 which is vertically arranged is arranged at the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate 7 is higher than that of the first platform 4, and one end of the cover plate 6 is fixed on the back plate 7; a back plate 7 above the second platform 10 is provided with a first publicity screen 8, and one end of the back plate 7 far away from the cover plate 6 is provided with a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate 9; a jacking device 12 is installed in the box body 3, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 faces downwards, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 is connected with a fixed plate 13, the lower part of the fixed plate 13 is connected with two translation brackets 14, and translation pulleys 15 are installed on the translation brackets 14; the transparent sample box 5 comprises a cylindrical sample box body 28, the sample box body 28 comprises a first water storage tank 21, a transparent soil specimen tank 25 and a water collection tank 27, the first water storage tank 21 is positioned above the transparent soil specimen tank 25, and the water collection tank 27 is positioned below the transparent soil specimen tank 25; a water guide pipe 24 is arranged below the first water storage tank 21, the top end of the water guide pipe 24 is connected and communicated with the first water storage tank 21, the lower end of the water guide pipe 24 is of a sealed conical structure, hole sites 23 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water guide pipe 24, and a sponge body is filled in the water guide pipe 24; an opening is reserved at the upper end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, a sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, first through holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing plate, a water collecting tank 26 is arranged at the top of the water collecting tank 27, second through holes are formed in the water collecting tank 26, and the water collecting tank 26 is communicated with the water collecting tank 27 through the second through holes; the box body 3 is internally provided with a second water storage tank 29, the second water storage tank 29 is communicated with the transparent sample box 5, and the second water storage tank 29 is used for replenishing water to the soil in the transparent sample box 5; the electric control cabinet 33 is arranged in the box body 3, a first cavity 32, a second cavity 39 and a third cavity 38 which are mutually independent are arranged in the electric control cabinet 33, a top header 31 is arranged at the top of the electric control cabinet 33, the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the top header 31, a bottom header 35 is arranged at the bottom of the electric control cabinet 33, and the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the bottom header 35; install air inlet window 41 and exhaust window 40 on the box body 3, have cooling coil 30 in the second storage water tank 29, air inlet window 41, cooling coil 30, top header 31, automatically controlled cabinet 33, bottom header 35 and exhaust window 40 communicate in proper order.
The water guide pipe 24 is arranged on the first water storage tank 21 in a pluggable manner, and a rubber sealing ring 16 is arranged at the connection part of the water guide pipe 24 and the first water storage tank 21; the lower part of the transparent soil specimen tank 25 is provided with an annular closing-in 17, and the annular closing-in 17 is positioned in the water collecting tank 26; the distance between the closing plate and the bottom of the water collection tank 26 is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm. The soil sample box with the function of supplementing water according to the claim, characterized in that the cover 18 of the water collecting tank 27 is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank 27, and the water outlet of the cover 18 is provided with a sealing cover 19; the outer walls of the first water storage tank 21 and the water collecting tank 27 are provided with annular lamp belts 22; the first water storage tank 21 has a decoration cover 20 at the top thereof, and the decoration cover 20 covers the top of the first water storage tank 21.
Example 3: a soil formation and evolution mechanism development system comprises a box body 3, wherein the top surface of the box body 3 is provided with a first platform 4 and a second platform 10, the first platform 4 is higher than the second platform 10, and the height of the first platform 4 is gradually reduced from the first platform 4 to the second platform 10; a transparent sample box 5 is arranged on the first platform 4, the transparent sample box 5 is used for displaying the section of soil, a cover plate 6 is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box 5, and the cover plate 6 covers the top of the transparent sample box 5; a back plate 7 which is vertically arranged is arranged at the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate 7 is higher than that of the first platform 4, and one end of the cover plate 6 is fixed on the back plate 7; a back plate 7 above the second platform 10 is provided with a first publicity screen 8, and one end of the back plate 7 far away from the cover plate 6 is provided with a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate 9; a jacking device 12 is installed in the box body 3, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 faces downwards, the telescopic end of the jacking device 12 is connected with a fixed plate 13, the lower part of the fixed plate 13 is connected with two translation brackets 14, and translation pulleys 15 are installed on the translation brackets 14; the transparent sample box 5 comprises a cylindrical sample box body 28, the sample box body 28 comprises a first water storage tank 21, a transparent soil specimen tank 25 and a water collection tank 27, the first water storage tank 21 is positioned above the transparent soil specimen tank 25, and the water collection tank 27 is positioned below the transparent soil specimen tank 25; a water guide pipe 24 is arranged below the first water storage tank 21, the top end of the water guide pipe 24 is connected and communicated with the first water storage tank 21, the lower end of the water guide pipe 24 is of a sealed conical structure, hole sites 23 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water guide pipe 24, and a sponge body is filled in the water guide pipe 24; an opening is reserved at the upper end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, a sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the transparent soil specimen tank 25, first through holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing plate, a water collecting tank 26 is arranged at the top of the water collecting tank 27, second through holes are formed in the water collecting tank 26, and the water collecting tank 26 is communicated with the water collecting tank 27 through the second through holes; the box body 3 is internally provided with a second water storage tank 29, the second water storage tank 29 is communicated with the transparent sample box 5, and the second water storage tank 29 is used for replenishing water to the soil in the transparent sample box 5; the electric control cabinet 33 is arranged in the box body 3, a first cavity 32, a second cavity 39 and a third cavity 38 which are mutually independent are arranged in the electric control cabinet 33, a top header 31 is arranged at the top of the electric control cabinet 33, the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the top header 31, a bottom header 35 is arranged at the bottom of the electric control cabinet 33, and the first cavity 32, the second cavity 39 and the third cavity 38 are all communicated with the bottom header 35; install air inlet window 41 and exhaust window 40 on the box body 3, have cooling coil 30 in the second storage water tank 29, air inlet window 41, cooling coil 30, top header 31, automatically controlled cabinet 33, bottom header 35 and exhaust window 40 communicate in proper order.
The water guide pipe 24 is arranged on the first water storage tank 21 in a pluggable manner, and a rubber sealing ring 16 is arranged at the connection part of the water guide pipe 24 and the first water storage tank 21; the lower part of the transparent soil specimen tank 25 is provided with an annular closing-in 17, and the annular closing-in 17 is positioned in the water collecting tank 26; the distance between the closing plate and the bottom of the water collection tank 26 is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm. The soil sample box with the function of supplementing water according to the claim, characterized in that the cover 18 of the water collecting tank 27 is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank 27, and the water outlet of the cover 18 is provided with a sealing cover 19; the outer walls of the first water storage tank 21 and the water collecting tank 27 are provided with annular lamp belts 22; the first water storage tank 21 has a decoration cover 20 at the top thereof, and the decoration cover 20 covers the top of the first water storage tank 21.
The bottom of the box body 3 is provided with a sealing plate, the sealing plate is provided with a seam, and the translation support 14 is positioned in the seam. The jacking device 12 is an electric jacking device 12, a power supply device is arranged in the box body 3, and the jacking device 12 is electrically connected with the power supply device. Display device 1 has on the lateral wall of box body 3, display device 1 is located the lateral wall of box body 3 of first platform 4 below, and display device 1 has the second propaganda screen 2 of slope setting, second propaganda screen 2 is the touch-sensitive screen. The box body 3 is provided with a plurality of soil sample drawers 11 which are uniformly distributed, and the soil sample drawers 11 are positioned on the side wall of the box body 3 below the soil distribution diagram fixing plate 9.
The working principle of one embodiment of the invention is as follows: in the normal state, the jacking devices 12 are in a contracted state, and the translation brackets 14 and the translation pulleys 15 are positioned in the slots. When the position needs to be shifted, the jacking device 12 is changed into an extended state, the translation support 14 and the translation pulley 15 extend out of the seam, the box body 3 is jacked up, then the pushing can be realized, and the state of the jacking device 12 is changed into a contracted state after the designated position is shifted. The soil distribution map fixing plate 9 is used for fixing the soil distribution map, so that visitors can roughly know the distribution of different soil types in China. The first publicity screen 8 is used for circularly playing soil knowledge science and education films and spreading related soil knowledge. The transparent sample case 5 is used to show a section of soil to let people know the structure of the soil, and the transparent sample case 5 has a water supply system and a residual water collecting system to maintain the soil in a wet state for a long time. The second publicity screen 8 is a touch screen, and visitors can look up relevant soil knowledge according to own needs. Different types of soil are stored in the soil specimen drawer 11, so that exhibitors can more visually know the difference of the different types of soil.
The outside air enters the electric control cabinet 33 through the air inlet window 41, the cooling coil 30 and the top header 31, and then is exhausted through the bottom header 35 and the exhaust window 40. In the process, the heat generated by each control board in the electric control cabinet is taken away. When the outside air passes through the cooling coil 30, the water in the second water storage tank 29 can reduce the temperature of the air, thereby achieving a better cooling effect. The first control plate 34 is arranged in the first cavity 32, the second control plate 36 is arranged in the second cavity 39, the third control plate 37 is arranged in the third cavity 38, the first control plate 34, the second control plate 36 and the third control plate 37 respectively control different devices of the exhibition teaching device, the devices are respectively located in different independent cavities, and the effect of more average cooling can be achieved.
During water in the first water storage tank 21 entered transparent soil specimen tank 25 through the aqueduct, soil specimen had in the transparent soil specimen tank 25, through supplying water for soil specimen, the state of reduction soil in natural environment to make the visitor can be more clear understand the relevant knowledge of soil. The water guide pipe 24 is filled with a sponge body to slow down the flow of water from the first water storage tank 21 to the transparent soil specimen tank 25 and to prevent soil from clogging the water guide pipe 24. The lower end of the water introduction tube 24 is tapered in order to more easily insert the water introduction tube 24 into the soil specimen. The connection between the water pipe 24 and the first water storage tank 21 is provided with a rubber sealing ring 16, the cover on the top of the first water storage tank 21 can be opened, the first water storage tank 21 can be placed on the transparent soil specimen tank 25, and then the water pipe 24 is directly inserted into the soil specimen from the top of the first water storage tank 21. The excess water in the transparent soil specimen jar 25 flows into the water collection tank 26 through the first through-hole and then flows into the water collection jar 27 through the second through-hole to be collected.
A soil formation and evolution mechanism development method comprises the following steps: and determining the corresponding relation between the environmental factors and time in the soil forming and evolution process, and displaying the soil forming and evolution by controlling the input of the environmental factors and the deduction of the time. The environmental factors comprise climate factors, biological factors and terrain factors; the climatic factors comprise temperature, humidity and precipitation; the biological factors comprise the number of animals, the number of plants and the number of insects in a unit area; the terrain factors comprise plateaus, plains, basins, hills and mountains; after the terrain factor is determined through the second publicity screen 2, the soil formation and evolution are demonstrated through the first publicity screen 8 by controlling the input quantity of the temperature, the humidity, the precipitation, the number of animals in the unit area, the number of plants and the number of insects and the fast forward speed of time through the second publicity screen 2.
Claims (9)
1. The soil formation and evolution mechanism development system is characterized by comprising a box body (3), wherein the top surface of the box body (3) is provided with a first platform (4) and a second platform (10), the height of the first platform (4) is higher than that of the second platform (10), and the gradual transition from the first platform (4) to the second platform (10) is realized by gradual reduction in height; a transparent sample box (5) is arranged on the first platform (4), the transparent sample box (5) is used for displaying the section of soil, a cover plate (6) is arranged at the top of the transparent sample box (5), and the cover plate (6) covers the top of the transparent sample box (5); a back plate (7) is vertically arranged on the rear side of the box body, the height of the back plate (7) is higher than that of the first platform (4), and one end of the cover plate (6) is fixed on the back plate (7); a back plate (7) above the second platform (10) is provided with a first propaganda screen (8), and one end, far away from the cover plate (6), of the back plate (7) is provided with a circular soil distribution diagram fixing plate (9); a jacking device (12) is installed in the box body (3), the telescopic end of the jacking device (12) faces downwards, the telescopic end of the jacking device (12) is connected with a fixed plate (13), the lower part of the fixed plate (13) is connected with two translation brackets (14), and translation pulleys (15) are installed on the translation brackets (14); the transparent sample box (5) comprises a cylindrical sample box body (28), the sample box body (28) comprises a first water storage tank (21), a transparent soil specimen tank (25) and a water collection tank (27), the first water storage tank (21) is positioned above the transparent soil specimen tank (25), and the water collection tank (27) is positioned below the transparent soil specimen tank (25); a water guide pipe (24) is arranged below the first water storage tank (21), the top end of the water guide pipe (24) is connected and communicated with the first water storage tank (21), the lower end of the water guide pipe (24) is of a sealed conical structure, hole sites (23) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water guide pipe (24), and a sponge body is filled in the water guide pipe (24); an opening is reserved at the upper end of the transparent soil specimen tank (25), a sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the transparent soil specimen tank (25), first through holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing plate, a water collecting tank (26) is arranged at the top of the water collecting tank (27), a second through hole is formed in the water collecting tank (26), and the water collecting tank (26) is communicated with the water collecting tank (27) through the second through hole; a second water storage tank (29) is arranged in the box body (3), the second water storage tank (29) is communicated with the transparent sample box (5), and the second water storage tank (29) is used for replenishing water to soil in the transparent sample box (5); the electric control cabinet (33) is installed in the box body (3), a first cavity (32), a second cavity (39) and a third cavity (38) which are mutually independent are arranged in the electric control cabinet (33), a top header (31) is arranged at the top of the electric control cabinet (33), the first cavity (32), the second cavity (39) and the third cavity (38) are communicated with the top header (31), a bottom header (35) is arranged at the bottom of the electric control cabinet (33), and the first cavity (32), the second cavity (39) and the third cavity (38) are communicated with the bottom header (35); install air inlet window (41) and exhaust window (40) on box body (3), cooling coil (30) have in second storage water tank (29), air inlet window (41), cooling coil (30), top collection case (31), electric cabinet (33), bottom collection case (35) and exhaust window (40) communicate in proper order.
2. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development system according to claim 1, wherein the water guiding pipe (24) is arranged on the first water storage tank (21) in a pluggable way, and the joint of the water guiding pipe (24) and the first water storage tank (21) is provided with a rubber sealing ring (16); the lower part of the transparent soil specimen tank (25) is provided with an annular closing-in (17), and the annular closing-in (17) is positioned in the water collecting groove (26); the distance between the closing plate and the bottom of the water collecting groove (26) is larger than or equal to 0.5 cm.
3. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development system according to claim 2, wherein the soil sample box with water replenishing function is characterized in that the cover body (18) of the water collecting tank (27) is positioned at the bottom of the water collecting tank (27), and the water outlet of the cover body (18) is provided with a sealing cover (19); the outer walls of the first water storage tank (21) and the water collecting tank (27) are provided with annular lamp belts (22); the top of the first water storage tank (21) is provided with a decorative cover (20), and the decorative cover (20) covers the top of the first water storage tank (21).
4. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development system according to claim 3, wherein the bottom of the box body (3) has a closing plate with a slot therein, the translation bracket (14) being located in the slot.
5. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development system according to claim 4, characterized in that the jacking device (12) is an electric jacking device (12), the box body (3) has a power supply inside, and the jacking device (12) and the power supply are electrically connected.
6. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development and education system according to claim 5, characterized in that the side wall of the box body (3) is provided with a display device (1), the display device (1) is positioned on the side wall of the box body (3) below the first platform (4), the display device (1) is provided with a second propaganda screen (2) which is obliquely arranged, and the second propaganda screen (2) is a touch screen.
7. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development system according to claim 6, characterized in that the box body (3) has a plurality of soil specimen drawers (11) distributed uniformly thereon, and the soil specimen drawers (11) are located on the side wall of the box body (3) below the soil distribution diagram fixing plate (9).
8. A soil formation and evolution mechanism development method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and determining the corresponding relation between the environmental factors and time in the soil forming and evolution process, and displaying the soil forming and evolution by controlling the input of the environmental factors and the deduction of the time.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the environmental factors include climate factors, biological factors, and terrain factors; the climatic factors comprise temperature, humidity and precipitation; the biological factors comprise the number of animals, the number of plants and the number of insects in a unit area; the terrain factors comprise plateaus, plains, basins, hills and mountains; after the terrain factors are determined through the second publicity screen (2), the input quantity of the temperature, the humidity, the rainfall, the number of animals in unit area, the number of plants, the number of insects and the fast-forwarding speed of time are controlled through the second publicity screen (2) to demonstrate soil formation and evolution through the first publicity screen (8).
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