CN112255062A - Soil soluble salt detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Soil soluble salt detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112255062A CN112255062A CN202011119871.7A CN202011119871A CN112255062A CN 112255062 A CN112255062 A CN 112255062A CN 202011119871 A CN202011119871 A CN 202011119871A CN 112255062 A CN112255062 A CN 112255062A
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- soil
- box
- dissolving tank
- soluble salt
- fixedly installed
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil soluble salt detection device and a detection method, the device comprises a crushing box, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing box, a discharge port is formed in the middle of the bottom of the crushing box, supporting legs are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the crushing box, an installation plate is arranged between the supporting legs, a dissolving tank is fixedly installed on the installation plate, an air drying box is fixedly installed at the top of the crushing box, an air drying mechanism is arranged in the air drying box, the bottom of the air drying box is communicated with the crushing box, and a feed hopper is fixedly installed at the top of the air drying box. The detection device and the detection method can quickly finish air drying, crushing and dissolving of the soil sample to be detected, improve the detection efficiency of the soluble salt in the soil, simultaneously can fully leach out the soluble salt in the soil, and improve the detection accuracy of the soluble salt in the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a soil soluble salt detection device and a detection method.
Background
Soil soluble salts (solisouublesalts) refer to salts in soil that are soluble in weak acids, weak bases or water. Usually refers to water soluble salts, such as sulfate, hydrochloride, carbonate or acid carbonate of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. After the soluble salt contained in the soil reaches a certain amount, the normal growth of crops can be directly influenced, and the damage degree of the soluble salt to the crops is different due to different compositions of the soluble salt, which is of course closely related to the salt tolerance of various crops. Therefore, the analysis of the total amount and the composition of the soluble salt in the soil and the understanding of the soil salinity dynamics are not only important bases for the measures of saline soil classification, crop planting, soil improvement, irrigation drainage and the like, but also essential data for prediction and forecast of soil secondary salinization.
At present, the content of soluble salt in soil is generally detected by adopting an experimental method, an air-dried soil sample is taken for dipping and shaking, soluble salt in soil is extracted into a solution, then a water-soil mixed solution is filtered, and a filtrate can be used as a solution to be detected for measuring the soluble salt in the soil. The experimental method detects soil soluble salt content and needs a large amount of repetition just can guarantee the accuracy of data, consequently need prepare the multiunit and wait to detect the liquid, and the air-dry of soil, smash and the flooding all need manual handling, and it is troublesome, and there is certain error in the manual handling soil sample moreover, leads to soil soluble salt content detection inefficiency, the accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a soil soluble salt detection device and a detection method.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a soil soluble salt detection device which comprises a crushing box, wherein a crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing box, a discharge hole is formed in the middle of the bottom of the crushing box, supporting legs are fixedly installed on the periphery of the bottom of the crushing box, an installation plate is arranged between the supporting legs, a dissolving tank is fixedly installed on the installation plate, an air drying box is fixedly installed at the top of the crushing box, an air drying mechanism is arranged in the air drying box, the bottom of the air drying box is communicated with the crushing box, and a feed hopper is fixedly installed at the top of the air drying box;
the crushing mechanism comprises a rolling plate, a rotating seat is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the rolling plate and is rotationally connected with the rolling plate, a rolling roller is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating seat, one end of the rolling roller, far away from the rotating seat, is slidably connected with the inner wall of the crushing box, and the lower surface of the rolling roller is attached to the upper surface of the rolling plate;
the air drying mechanism comprises a bearing plate, a driving shaft is fixedly mounted in the middle of the top of the bearing plate, the upper end of the driving shaft penetrates through an air drying box, the driving shaft is rotatably connected with the air drying box, a tray is arranged below the bearing plate, the middle of the bottom of the tray is connected with an output shaft of an electric push rod, and an air supply pipe is arranged above the bearing plate;
dissolving tank and mounting panel sliding connection, dissolving tank inside upside demountable installation filter screen, the dissolving tank lateral wall of filter screen top encircles and is equipped with a plurality of water inlets, and the box of intaking is installed to the corresponding water inlet department of dissolving tank outer wall, and two stirring rollers of the interior symmetry fixed mounting of dissolving tank of filter screen below, stirring roller and dissolving tank rotate to be connected, dissolve tank lateral wall bottom and seted up the delivery port.
Further preferably, the outer ring of the rolling plate is provided with a fixing part, the fixing part is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the crushing box, the middle ring of the rolling plate is provided with a plurality of screening holes, the inner ring of the rolling plate is provided with mounting holes, the rotating shaft of the rotating seat penetrates through the mounting holes, the lower end of the rotating shaft of the rotating seat is meshed with an output shaft of the first motor, and the first motor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the crushing box.
Further preferably, the rolling roller one end with rotate the seat and rotate and be connected, the rolling roller other end rotates with the slider and is connected, slider fixed mounting is inside the spout of smashing incasement wall, the spout is the ring channel.
Further preferably, tray surface outer lane is equipped with annular baffle, and the diameter of loading board is less than annular baffle's internal diameter, and a plurality of bar holes have been seted up to the tray bottom, and the bar hole is the annular array setting, and loading board bottom fixed mounting cleaning brush, cleaning brush lower surface and the laminating of tray top.
Further preferably, the drive shaft top meshes with the output shaft of second motor, and second motor fixed mounting is in air-drying box top one side, and electric putter fixed mounting passes through the connecting rod and air-drying box inner wall is fixed in the motor box.
Further preferably, the blast pipe includes that the air supply is responsible for and air supply branch pipe, and the air supply is responsible for the level and sets up in the loading board top, and the vertical fixed mounting a plurality of air supply branch pipes in air supply is responsible for the bottom, and the air supply branch pipe bottom is equipped with the gas outlet, and the air supply is responsible for one end and runs through the air-dry box, and the air supply is responsible for running through air-dry box one end and is equipped with the air inlet.
Further preferably, the dissolving tank is fixedly mounted on the guide rail, the guide rail is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting plate, the dissolving tank is slidably connected with the mounting plate, the driving rods are fixedly mounted on two sides of the dissolving tank and penetrate through the cross rod, the driving rods are slidably connected with the cross rod, the cross rod is fixedly mounted between the supporting legs, the driving rod on one side of the dissolving tank is hinged to the eccentric wheel through the rotating rod, the eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the third motor, and the third motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of.
Further preferably, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the stirring rollers, the two stirring rollers are connected through a belt, one stirring roller is connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor, and the fourth motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dissolving tank.
Further preferably, the box of intaking is annular fixed mounting at the dissolving tank outer wall, and the box inner wall of intaking is equipped with a plurality of inlet openings, and the external water pump of box of intaking, filter screen shape agree with the dissolving tank, have seted up a plurality of filtration pores in the middle of the filter screen, and filter screen upper surface both sides fixed mounting handle, inner wall correspond filter screen department fixed mounting stopper in the dissolving tank.
The invention also provides a soil soluble salt detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, air drying at normal temperature: adding a soil sample to be detected into the detection device, enabling the soil sample to fall on the bearing plate, providing air to the air drying box through an air pump, simultaneously driving the bearing plate to rotate through the second motor, stirring the soil sample on the bearing plate through the air supply branch pipe, and blowing air to quickly dry the soil sample to be detected;
s2, grinding and crushing: after the soil sample is dried, the tray is pulled downwards through an electric push rod, an annular baffle plate at the edge of the tray moves downwards, the soil sample on the bearing plate falls into the surface of a rolling plate in the crushing box under the action of centrifugal force, then a rotating seat is driven to rotate through a first motor, so that a rolling roller fixed on one side of the rotating seat rotates around the rotating seat, the rolling roller is matched with the rolling plate to crush the soil sample on the surface of the rolling plate when rotating, crushed soil powder falls down from screening holes in the surface of the rolling plate, and finally a soil powder discharge port falls into a filter screen in a dissolving tank below;
s3, shaking and dissolving: inject the pure water into dissolving the pond through the box of intaking, the pure water is washed and is dissolved remaining soil on the filter screen by the water inlet outflow of dissolving pond inner wall upside, the quality of injected water is 1-5 times of soil quality, drive the eccentric wheel through the third motor and rotate after the water injection is accomplished, the eccentric wheel drives the actuating lever through the dwang and removes, the actuating lever drives to dissolve the pond and removes along the slide rail, open the fourth motor simultaneously and drive the stirring roller and rotate, stir the liquid in the dissolving pond through the puddler, the cooperation is dissolved about pond self and is shaken and make the soluble salt in the soil sample fully dissolve
S4, centrifugal detection: centrifuging the soil leachate obtained after dissolution by a centrifugal machine, removing supernatant as a solution to be detected, taking 100-500ml of the solution to be detected, drying by distillation at 105-11 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying by using H2O2Removing organic matters in the drying residues, wherein the residual drying residues are the total amount of water-soluble salts, and finally calculating the content of the water-soluble salts in the soil according to the proportion of the liquid to be detected evaporated to dryness in the total liquid to be detected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, air is supplied to the air drying box through the air pump, the second motor drives the bearing plate to rotate, the soil sample on the bearing plate is stirred and blown with air through the air supply branch pipe, the air drying speed of the soil sample is improved, and the influence of high-temperature drying on the content of soluble salt in the soil can be prevented by adopting normal-temperature air drying.
2. According to the invention, the rotating seat is driven to rotate by the first motor, so that the rolling roller fixed on one side of the rotating seat rotates around the rotating seat, the rolling roller is matched with the rolling plate to crush the soil sample on the surface of the rolling plate when rotating, and the crushed soil powder falls down from the screening holes on the surface of the rolling plate, so that the soil sample can be crushed into fine powder rapidly, and the dissolving speed of soluble salt in the soil is improved.
3. According to the invention, the driving rod is driven to move left and right by the eccentric wheel and the rotating rod, the driving rod drives the dissolving tank to move left and right along the sliding rail, meanwhile, the fourth motor drives the stirring roller to rotate, liquid in the dissolving tank is stirred by the stirring rod, and soluble salt in the soil sample is fully dissolved by a stirring and vibrating mode.
4. The detection method based on the detection device can quickly finish air drying, crushing and dissolving of the soil sample to be detected, improves the detection efficiency of the soluble salt in the soil, can fully leach the soluble salt in the soil, and improves the detection accuracy of the soluble salt in the soil.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an air drying box of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the air supply pipe of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a carrying plate of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tray of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a crushing box of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the structure of a rolling plate of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling wheel of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a dissolving tank of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dissolving tank of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the water inlet box of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the construction of a stirring roller of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a screen of the soil soluble salt content detecting apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-crushing box, 2-crushing mechanism, 3-discharge port, 4-supporting leg, 5-mounting plate, 6-dissolving tank, 7-air drying box, 8-air drying mechanism, 9-feed hopper, 10-rolling plate, 101-fixing part, 102-screening hole, 103-mounting hole, 11-rotating seat, 12-first motor, 13-rolling roller, 14-slide block, 15-sliding chute, 16-bearing plate, 161-cleaning brush, 17-driving shaft, 18-second motor, 19-tray, 191-annular baffle, 192-strip-shaped hole, 20-electric push rod, 21-motor box, 22-air supply pipe, 221-air supply main pipe, 222-air supply branch pipe, 23-guide rail, 24-driving rod, 25-cross rod, 26-eccentric wheel, 27-third motor, 28-filter screen, 281-filter hole, 282-handle, 29-water inlet, 30-water inlet box, 301-water inlet, 31-stirring roller, 32-stirring rod, 33-fourth motor, 34-water outlet and 35-limiting block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-14, a soil soluble salt content detection device comprises a crushing box 1, a crushing mechanism 2 is arranged inside the crushing box 1, a discharge port 3 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the crushing box 1, supporting legs 4 are fixedly arranged around the bottom of the crushing box 1, a mounting plate 5 is arranged between the supporting legs 4, a dissolving pool 6 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 5, an air drying box 7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the crushing box 1, an air drying mechanism 8 is arranged inside the air drying box 7, the bottom of the air drying box 7 is communicated with the crushing box 1, and a feeding hopper 9 is fixedly arranged at the top of the air drying box 7;
the crushing mechanism 2 comprises a rolling plate 10, a rotating seat 11 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the rolling plate 10, the rotating seat 11 is rotatably connected with the rolling plate 10, a rolling roller 13 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating seat 11, one end, far away from the rotating seat 11, of the rolling roller 13 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the lower surface of the rolling roller 13 is attached to the upper surface of the rolling plate 10;
the air drying mechanism 8 comprises a bearing plate 16, a driving shaft 17 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the bearing plate 16, the upper end of the driving shaft 17 penetrates through the air drying box 7, the driving shaft 17 is rotatably connected with the air drying box 7, a tray 19 is arranged below the bearing plate 16, the middle of the bottom of the tray 19 is connected with an output shaft of an electric push rod 20, and an air supply pipe 22 is arranged above the bearing plate 16;
dissolving tank 6 and 5 sliding connection of mounting panel, 6 inside upside demountable installation filter screens 28 of dissolving tank, 6 side walls of dissolving tank above filter screen 28 encircle and are equipped with a plurality of water inlets 29, and 6 outer walls of dissolving tank correspond water inlet 29 department and install box 30 of intaking, two stirring rollers 31 of 6 interior symmetry fixed mounting of dissolving tank of filter screen 28 below, stirring roller 31 and 6 rotations of dissolving tank are connected, and delivery port 34 has been seted up to 6 lateral wall bottoms of dissolving tank.
The outer lane of rolling board 10 is equipped with fixed part 101, fixed part 101 and crushing case 1 inner wall fixed connection, and a plurality of screening holes 102 have been seted up to the middle lane of rolling board 10, and mounting hole 103 has been seted up to the inner circle of rolling board 10, rotates the pivot of seat 11 and runs through mounting hole 103, rotates 11 pivot lower extremes of seat and the output shaft meshing of first motor 12, and first motor 12 fixed mounting is at crushing case 1 outer wall.
One end of the rolling roller 13 is rotatably connected with the rotating seat 11, the other end of the rolling roller 13 is rotatably connected with the sliding block 14, the sliding block 14 is fixedly installed inside a sliding groove 15 on the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the sliding groove 15 is an annular groove.
The top end of the driving shaft 17 is meshed with an output shaft of the second motor 18, the second motor 18 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the air drying box 7, the electric push rod 20 is fixedly installed in the motor box 21, and the motor box 21 is fixed with the inner wall of the air drying box 7 through the connecting rod.
The air supply pipe 22 comprises an air supply main pipe 221 and air supply branch pipes 222, the air supply main pipe 221 is horizontally arranged above the bearing plate 16, the plurality of air supply branch pipes 222 are vertically and fixedly mounted at the bottom of the air supply main pipe 221, an air outlet is formed in the bottom end of each air supply branch pipe 222, one end of each air supply main pipe 221 penetrates through the air drying box 7, an air inlet is formed in the end, penetrating through the air drying box 7, of each air supply main pipe 221, and the air inlet of.
The surface of each stirring roller 31 is fixedly provided with a plurality of stirring rods 32, the two stirring rollers 31 are connected through a belt, one stirring roller 31 is connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor 33, and the fourth motor 33 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the dissolving tank 6.
The box 30 of intaking is annular fixed mounting at 6 outer walls of dissolving tank, and the box 30 inner walls of intaking is equipped with a plurality of inlet openings 301, and the external water pump of box 30 of intaking, filter screen 28 shape and dissolving tank 6 agree with, have seted up a plurality of filtration pores 281 in the middle of the filter screen 28, and filter screen 28 upper surface both sides fixed mounting handle 282, 6 inner walls of dissolving tank correspond filter screen 28 department fixed mounting stopper 35.
A soil soluble salt detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, air drying at normal temperature: adding a soil sample to be detected into the detection device, enabling the soil sample to fall on the bearing plate, providing air to the air drying box through an air pump, simultaneously driving the bearing plate to rotate through the second motor, stirring the soil sample on the bearing plate through the air supply branch pipe, and blowing air to quickly dry the soil sample to be detected;
s2, grinding and crushing: after the soil sample is dried, the tray is pulled downwards through an electric push rod, an annular baffle plate at the edge of the tray moves downwards, the soil sample on the bearing plate falls into the surface of a rolling plate in the crushing box under the action of centrifugal force, then a rotating seat is driven to rotate through a first motor, so that a rolling roller fixed on one side of the rotating seat rotates around the rotating seat, the rolling roller is matched with the rolling plate to crush the soil sample on the surface of the rolling plate when rotating, crushed soil powder falls down from screening holes in the surface of the rolling plate, and finally a soil powder discharge port falls into a filter screen in a dissolving tank below;
s3, shaking and dissolving: injecting pure water into the dissolving tank through the water inlet box, wherein the pure water flows out from a water inlet on the upper side of the inner wall of the dissolving tank to wash and dissolve residual soil on the filter screen, the mass quantity of the injected water is 1-5 times of the mass of the soil, after the water injection is finished, the eccentric wheel is driven by the third motor to rotate, the eccentric wheel drives the driving rod to move left and right through the rotating rod, the driving rod drives the dissolving tank to move left and right along the sliding rail, meanwhile, the fourth motor is started to drive the stirring roller to rotate, the liquid in the dissolving tank is stirred through the stirring rod, and the soluble salt in the soil sample is fully dissolved by matching with the;
s4, centrifugal detection: centrifuging the soil leaching solution obtained after dissolution by a centrifugal machine, removing supernatant as a solution to be detected, taking 100-500ml of the solution to be detected, drying by distillation at 110 ℃ under 105-DEG C, and then drying by using H2O2Removing organic matters in the drying residues, wherein the residual drying residues are the total amount of water-soluble salts, and finally calculating the content of the water-soluble salts in the soil according to the proportion of the liquid to be detected evaporated to dryness in the total liquid to be detected.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The soil soluble salinity detection device is characterized by comprising a crushing box (1), wherein a crushing mechanism (2) is arranged inside the crushing box (1), a discharge hole (3) is formed in the middle of the bottom of the crushing box (1), supporting legs (4) are fixedly installed on the periphery of the bottom of the crushing box (1), mounting plates (5) are arranged between the supporting legs (4), a dissolving tank (6) is fixedly installed on the mounting plates (5), an air drying box (7) is fixedly installed at the top of the crushing box (1), an air drying mechanism (8) is arranged inside the air drying box (7), the bottom of the air drying box (7) is communicated with the crushing box (1), and a feed hopper (9) is fixedly installed at the top of the air drying box (7);
the crushing mechanism (2) comprises a rolling plate (10), a rotating seat (11) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the rolling plate (10), the rotating seat (11) is rotatably connected with the rolling plate (10), a rolling roller (13) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the rotating seat (11), one end, far away from the rotating seat (11), of the rolling roller (13) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the crushing box (1), and the lower surface of the rolling roller (13) is attached to the upper surface of the rolling plate (10);
the air drying mechanism (8) comprises a bearing plate (16), a driving shaft (17) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the bearing plate (16), the upper end of the driving shaft (17) penetrates through an air drying box (7), the driving shaft (17) is rotatably connected with the air drying box (7), a tray (19) is arranged below the bearing plate (16), the middle of the bottom of the tray (19) is connected with an output shaft of an electric push rod (20), and an air supply pipe (22) is arranged above the bearing plate (16);
dissolving tank (6) and mounting panel (5) sliding connection, dissolving tank (6) inside upside demountable installation filter screen (28), dissolving tank (6) side wall of filter screen (28) top is around being equipped with a plurality of water inlets (29), dissolving tank (6) outer wall corresponds water inlet (29) department and installs box (30) of intaking, two stirring roller (31) of dissolving tank (6) internal symmetry fixed mounting of filter screen (28) below, stirring roller (31) are connected with dissolving tank (6) rotation, delivery port (34) have been seted up to dissolving tank (6) lateral wall bottom.
2. The soil soluble salt detection device according to claim 1, wherein a fixing portion (101) is provided at an outer ring of the rolling plate (10), the fixing portion (101) is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the crushing box (1), a plurality of screening holes (102) are provided at a middle ring of the rolling plate (10), a mounting hole (103) is provided at an inner ring of the rolling plate (10), a rotating shaft of the rotating base (11) penetrates through the mounting hole (103), a lower end of the rotating shaft of the rotating base (11) is engaged with an output shaft of the first motor (12), and the first motor (12) is fixedly mounted at an outer wall of the crushing box (1).
3. The soil soluble salt detection device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the rolling roller (13) is rotatably connected with the rotating base (11), the other end of the rolling roller (13) is rotatably connected with a sliding block (14), the sliding block (14) is fixedly installed inside a sliding groove (15) on the inner wall of the crushing box (1), and the sliding groove (15) is an annular groove.
4. The soil soluble salt content detection device according to claim 1, wherein an annular baffle (191) is arranged on the outer ring of the surface of the tray (19), the diameter of the bearing plate (16) is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular baffle (191), a plurality of strip-shaped holes (192) are formed in the bottom of the tray (19), the strip-shaped holes (192) are arranged in an annular array, a cleaning brush (161) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bearing plate (16), and the lower surface of the cleaning brush (161) is attached to the top of the tray (19).
5. The soil soluble salt content detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the driving shaft (17) is engaged with the output shaft of a second motor (18), the second motor (18) is fixedly installed at one side of the top of the air drying box (7), the electric push rod (20) is fixedly installed in a motor box (21), and the motor box (21) is fixed with the inner wall of the air drying box (7) through a connecting rod.
6. The soil soluble salt content detection device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply pipe (22) comprises an air supply main pipe (221) and air supply branch pipes (222), the air supply main pipe (221) is horizontally arranged above the bearing plate (16), a plurality of air supply branch pipes (222) are vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the air supply main pipe (221), an air outlet is formed in the bottom end of each air supply branch pipe (222), one end of the air supply main pipe (221) penetrates through the air drying box (7), an air inlet is formed in one end of the air supply main pipe (221) penetrating through the air drying box (7), and an air pump is externally connected to the air inlet of the air supply main pipe (221).
7. The soil soluble salt content detection device according to claim 1, wherein the dissolving tank (6) is fixedly mounted on a guide rail (23), the guide rail (23) is fixedly mounted on the surface of a mounting plate (5), the dissolving tank (6) is slidably connected with the mounting plate (5), driving rods (24) are fixedly mounted on two sides of the dissolving tank (6), the driving rods (24) penetrate through a cross rod (25), the driving rods (24) are slidably connected with the cross rod (25), the cross rod (25) is fixedly mounted between the supporting legs (4), the driving rod (24) on one side of the dissolving tank (6) is hinged to an eccentric wheel (26) through a rotating rod, the eccentric wheel (26) is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of a third motor (27), and the third motor (27) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting plate (5).
8. The soil soluble salt content detection device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of stirring rods (32) are fixedly installed on the surface of the stirring roller (31), two stirring rollers (31) are connected through a belt, one of the stirring rollers (31) is connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor (33), and the fourth motor (33) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dissolving tank (6).
9. The soil soluble salt content detection device according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet box (30) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dissolving tank (6) in an annular shape, a plurality of water inlet holes (301) are formed in the inner wall of the water inlet box (30), the water inlet box (30) is externally connected with a water pump, the shape of the filter screen (28) is matched with that of the dissolving tank (6), a plurality of filtering holes (281) are formed in the middle of the filter screen (28), handles (282) are fixedly installed on two sides of the upper surface of the filter screen (28), and a limit block (35) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dissolving tank (6) corresponding to the filter screen (28).
10. A soil soluble salt detection method based on the soil soluble salt detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, air drying at normal temperature: adding a soil sample to be detected into the detection device, enabling the soil sample to fall on the bearing plate, providing air to the air drying box through an air pump, simultaneously driving the bearing plate to rotate through the second motor, stirring the soil sample on the bearing plate through the air supply branch pipe, and blowing air to quickly dry the soil sample to be detected;
s2, grinding and crushing: after the soil sample is dried, the tray is pulled downwards through an electric push rod, an annular baffle plate at the edge of the tray moves downwards, the soil sample on the bearing plate falls into the surface of a rolling plate in the crushing box under the action of centrifugal force, then a rotating seat is driven to rotate through a first motor, so that a rolling roller fixed on one side of the rotating seat rotates around the rotating seat, the rolling roller is matched with the rolling plate to crush the soil sample on the surface of the rolling plate when rotating, crushed soil powder falls down from screening holes in the surface of the rolling plate, and finally a soil powder discharge port falls into a filter screen in a dissolving tank below;
s3, shaking and dissolving: inject the pure water into dissolving the pond through the box of intaking, the pure water is washed and is dissolved remaining soil on the filter screen by the water inlet outflow of dissolving pond inner wall upside, the quality of injected water is 1-5 times of soil quality, drive the eccentric wheel through the third motor and rotate after the water injection is accomplished, the eccentric wheel drives the actuating lever through the dwang and removes, the actuating lever drives to dissolve the pond and removes along the slide rail, open the fourth motor simultaneously and drive the stirring roller and rotate, stir the liquid in the dissolving pond through the puddler, the cooperation is dissolved about pond self and is shaken and make the soluble salt in the soil sample fully dissolve
S4, centrifugal detection: centrifuging the soil leaching solution obtained after dissolution by a centrifugal machine, removing supernatant as a solution to be detected, taking 100-500ml of the solution to be detected, drying by distillation at 110 ℃ under 105-DEG C, and then drying by using H2O2Removing organic matters in the drying residues, wherein the residual drying residues are the total amount of water-soluble salts, and finally calculating the content of the water-soluble salts in the soil according to the proportion of the liquid to be detected evaporated to dryness in the total liquid to be detected.
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