CN112255052A - Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device and installation method - Google Patents
Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device and installation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种简便式林下植被降雨径流收集测量装置及安装方法，其中一种简便式林下植被降雨径流收集测量装置包括径流收集器和顶部敞口设置的径流截留槽，所述径流截留槽的内腔由竖向滤网分隔为第一截留腔和通过导水管与所述径流收集器连通的第二截留腔，第二截留腔的顶部覆盖设置有横向滤网。本发明通过设置竖向滤网和横向滤网可减少枯落物和昆虫等外来因素的干扰，解决了降水量大时的雨水外溢问题；径流截留槽略微倾斜且收水的矩形径流截留槽出水口和集水的径流收集器之间用导水管连接，这些因素可大大降低收集的雨水蒸发；本装置收水的矩形径流截留槽和集水的径流收集器相对独立，取样方便。
The invention relates to a simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device and an installation method, wherein a simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall and runoff collection and measurement device comprises a runoff collector and a runoff interception groove with an open top. The inner cavity of the tank is divided by a vertical screen into a first retaining cavity and a second retaining cavity which is communicated with the runoff collector through a water conduit. The top of the second retaining cavity is covered with a transverse screen. The invention can reduce the interference of external factors such as litter and insects by setting up a vertical filter screen and a horizontal filter screen, and solve the problem of rainwater overflow when the precipitation is large; The water outlet and the runoff collector are connected by a conduit, these factors can greatly reduce the evaporation of collected rainwater; the rectangular runoff interception tank for water collection and the runoff collector for water collection are relatively independent, and sampling is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of runoff measurement, in particular to rainfall runoff measurement of under-forest vegetation, and particularly relates to a simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device and an installation method.
Background
The under-forest vegetation is a general term for shrubs, herbs, vines and the like under the forest, and is an important component of the forest ecosystem. At present, there is a systematic research on indicating action of under-forest vegetation, soil fertility maintenance and soil improvement, but research on hydrological benefits, soil and water conservation and benefit evaluation is needed. Therefore, the research on the plant growth regulator is beneficial to guiding the recovery of the vegetation under the forest, and has important theoretical and practical significance for water and soil conservation and ecological construction of difficult lands. At present, the collection and measurement of vegetation rainfall runoff under the forest mainly comprise some devices such as a collection bottle, a collection box and the like, and the devices have the following outstanding problems: firstly, the collecting device is easily blocked by sundries such as dead branches and fallen leaves and the like and is interfered by activities such as snakes, mosquitoes, ants and the like, when the precipitation amount is larger, the collecting opening is easily blocked, so that rainwater overflows the collecting box, and the collecting error is increased; secondly, the open area of the collecting device is large, when the rainfall is small, most of rainwater is evaporated, and the error of rainwater collection is increased; thirdly, the water collector of the collecting device is not subjected to evaporation prevention treatment, so that large errors are easily generated due to evaporation; fourthly, collection device is mostly the integration, need remove whole collection device when gathering the precipitation, and the human input is great. Therefore, it is important to discuss a new device for collecting and measuring rainfall runoff of vegetation in the forest to enhance the precision of collecting and measuring rainfall in the forest.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device, which improves the collecting precision and the accuracy of data, and is simple to arrange and convenient to sample.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and provides a simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device, which comprises a runoff collector and a runoff intercepting groove with an open top, wherein an inner cavity of the runoff intercepting groove is divided into a first intercepting cavity and a second intercepting cavity communicated with the runoff collector through a water guide pipe by a vertical filter screen, and the top of the second intercepting cavity is covered with a transverse filter screen.
When the scheme is used, rainwater firstly enters the runoff interception groove and then flows into the runoff collector through the water guide pipe, so that the overflow phenomenon of the runoff collector caused by overlarge rainwater is avoided, and fallen leaves or insects are prevented from falling into the second interception cavity by arranging the vertical filter screen and the transverse filter screen, so that the interference of external factors is avoided; the inner cavity of the runoff interception groove is divided into a first interception cavity and a second interception cavity through the vertical filter screen, so that rainwater can enter the second interception cavity from the upper side and the side, and the precision of vegetation rainfall runoff collection under the forest is guaranteed.
Preferably, the runoff intercepting groove is obliquely arranged, and the end of the second intercepting cavity is lower than the other end in the height direction. The setting of this optimization scheme makes the rainwater all get into the runoff collector through the second volume of damming chamber, reduces the rainwater and remains, further improves the accuracy of collecting.
As optimization, the runoff interception groove and the ground form an included angle of 5-10 degrees. The arrangement of the inclination angle of the optimization scheme realizes the purpose of reducing the rainwater residue and simultaneously avoids the problem that the temporary storage amount is influenced by the overlarge inclination angle.
Preferably, the runoff intercepting groove support device further comprises two intercepting groove supports for supporting the runoff intercepting groove. This optimization scheme is through setting up two groove supports of holding back, and the groove of conveniently will holding back erects at the certain height that is higher than ground, but also can hold back the degree of depth that groove support inserted soil through the adjustment and adjust the inclination that the groove was held back to the runoff.
As optimization, the runoff interception groove is rectangular, the vertical filter screen extends along the width direction of the runoff interception groove, and the length of the second interception cavity is 1/8-1/5 of the length of the first interception cavity. This optimization scheme sets up to the rectangle cell body through holding back the groove with the runoff, and the preparation is convenient, is convenient for stably place, and the length setting in chamber is held back to vertical filter screen and second, more makes things convenient for the setting of horizontal filter screen, avoids leading to horizontal filter screen to warp and drop because the second holds back the area of the suitable for reading in chamber too big.
Preferably, the two long side walls of the runoff intercepting groove are fixedly connected through reinforcing rods. This optimization scheme has not only improved the structural strength that the groove was held back to the runoff through setting up the stiffener, conveniently holds back the groove through the gripping stiffener to the runoff and removes moreover.
As optimization, the runoff collector comprises a plastic barrel with scales and a top cover arranged at the top opening of the barrel body of the plastic barrel, and a through hole matched with the water guide pipe is formed in the top cover. The runoff collector of this optimization scheme makes things convenient for the operator to know the rainfall volume of collecting to through setting up the top cap, reduced the evaporation capacity of runoff collector by a wide margin, further improved the accuracy of data.
The scheme also provides a simple and convenient installation method of the under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device, which comprises the following steps:
1. digging groove
Selecting a proper sampling point, and digging two grooves with proper length, width and depth, wherein the distance between the two grooves is 1 m;
2. bracket for holding interception groove
Vertically placing two interception groove brackets in the dug grooves respectively, wherein one bracket is buried 8-10 cm deeper than the other bracket, and filling and treading the brackets after placing;
3. holding rectangular runoff interception groove
Placing the rectangular runoff intercepting groove on an intercepting groove support, placing one end provided with a water outlet on the intercepting groove support with a lower height, and carrying out fine adjustment to ensure that the rectangular runoff intercepting groove and the ground form an included angle of 5-10 degrees;
4. installing aqueduct
Connecting a water guide pipe and a water outlet pipe of the rectangular runoff interception groove in a hot connection mode, winding an adhesive tape at the joint, and reinforcing the adhesive tape by using an iron wire; after sampling each time, the iron wire is properly screwed according to the tightness degree of the interface.
5. Placing a runoff collector
Finding a flat place or a place with trees and shrubs around the rectangular runoff intercepting groove to place the runoff collector, and also driving a timber pile to fix the runoff collector to ensure that the runoff collector cannot topple over, and placing the other end of the water guide pipe connected to the rectangular runoff intercepting groove into the runoff collector;
6. put into a filter gauze
And a plastic gauze piece capable of completely covering the opening of the second interception cavity is cut and fixed on the iron gauze by iron wires.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the vertical filter screen above the side of the collecting port and the transverse filter screen at the top can reduce the interference of external factors such as litter, insects and the like, and the problem of rainwater overflow when the precipitation is large is solved; secondly, the rectangular runoff intercepting groove for collecting water is slightly inclined, the water outlet of the rectangular runoff intercepting groove for collecting water is connected with the runoff collector for collecting water through a water guide pipe, and meanwhile, the area of the opening of the runoff collector for collecting water is small, so that the evaporation of the collected rainwater can be greatly reduced; thirdly, this device is received rectangular runoff of water and is held back the groove and the runoff collector of catchmenting relatively independent, and the runoff collector that has the catchment is replaced with new runoff collector during the sample, and the sample is convenient with the change.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an installation flow chart of the simple and convenient under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device of the invention;
shown in the figure:
1. the runoff interception tank comprises a runoff interception groove, 2, a reinforcing rod, 3, a vertical filter screen, 4, a transverse filter screen, 5, a water guide pipe, 6, a runoff collector, 7 and an interception groove support.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1 a simple and convenient formula vegetation rainfall runoff collection measuring device under forest, including runoff collector 6 and the open runoff that sets up in top hold back groove 1, the runoff hold back the groove and be the rectangle, wholly be rectangle box body structure, the inner chamber that the runoff held back groove 1 is separated by vertical filter screen 3 for first hold back the chamber and through aqueduct 5 with the chamber is held back to the second of runoff collector intercommunication, vertical filter screen edge runoff hold back the width direction of groove and extend, and the length that the chamber was held back to the second is 1/8~1/5 of first hold back chamber length, and the top that the chamber was held back to the second covers and is provided with horizontal filter screen 4.
The runoff intercepting groove is obliquely arranged, the end where the second intercepting cavity is located is lower than the other end in the height direction, and as an optimization scheme, the runoff intercepting groove of the embodiment forms an included angle of 5-10 degrees with the ground. For convenient runoff to hold back the placing and inclination adjustment of groove, this embodiment still including supporting two of groove support 7 are held back to the runoff, and two are held back the groove support and are distributed along the length direction that the groove was held back to the runoff, and the landing leg lower extreme that holds back the groove support is most advanced, conveniently inserts to establish toward soil.
In order to improve structural strength to make things convenient for the gripping, through 2 rigid couplings of stiffener between two long lateral walls of this embodiment runoff interception groove, the both ends of stiffener are respectively with the lateral wall welding of runoff interception groove.
The runoff collector is including being provided with the plastic drum of scale and setting at plastic drum staving open-top's top cap, set up the through-hole with the aqueduct adaptation on the top cap, during the use, the runoff collector highly be less than the runoff and hold back the groove, the apopore has been seted up to the lateral wall bottom that the chamber was held back to the second, apopore lateral surface welding outlet pipe, and aqueduct one end is connected on the outlet pipe, and the other end extends in the staving through-hole of top cap.
Some drawbacks of current collection under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff device have been solved to this device, can strengthen the precision that the under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff was collected greatly, for the rainfall characteristics and the soil and water conservation ability of research under-forest vegetation provide the data support, and simultaneously, this is significant to the meaning of research forest rainfall characteristics and forest hydrology effect.
During manufacturing, a corrosion-resistant iron plate with the thickness of 0.4cm is selected as the rectangular runoff intercepting groove, and the uncovered rectangular runoff intercepting groove with the length of 150cm, the width of 20cm and the height of 20cm is welded. The rectangular runoff intercepting groove is divided into four equal parts along the length direction, and round bars made of the same material are welded at each equal division point, so that the stability of the rectangular runoff intercepting groove is improved, and the rectangular runoff intercepting groove is convenient to move; reserving a water outlet at one end of the rectangular runoff interception groove, and welding an exposed water outlet pipe, wherein the length of the water outlet pipe is 5-8 cm, and the inner diameter of the water outlet pipe is 2 cm; and a vertical filter screen is welded at a position 18.75cm away from the edge of one end provided with the water outlet, the vertical filter screen is an iron screen, and the size of the grid is 1cm multiplied by 1 cm.
The runoff collector is a plastic barrel with scales, has certain transparency, can conveniently observe the internal liquid level, is determined according to the maximum 24-hour rainfall in 10 years in a research area (observation area), and has the collection quality of 25 kg.
The water guide pipe is a common plastic water pipe, the inner diameter of the water guide pipe is DN20, the length of the water guide pipe is determined according to the terrain during actual arrangement, the length of the water guide pipe is not more than 2m, and the hardness of the water guide pipe is moderate.
The intercepting groove support is made of thin steel bars with the diameter of 0.6-1 cm, and 2 intercepting groove supports are welded by the thin steel bars.
The transverse filter screen is a filtering gauze screen, and only a common gauze screen is selected, the mesh number is 10, and the hardness of the gauze screen is moderate.
The installation method of the simple under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device comprises the following steps:
1. digging groove
Selecting a proper sampling point, and digging two grooves with proper length, width and depth, wherein the distance between the two grooves is 1 m;
2. bracket for holding interception groove
Vertically placing two interception groove brackets in the dug grooves respectively, wherein one bracket is buried 8-10 cm deeper than the other bracket, and filling and treading the brackets after placing;
3. holding rectangular runoff interception groove
Placing the rectangular runoff intercepting groove on an intercepting groove support, placing one end provided with a water outlet on the intercepting groove support with a lower height, and carrying out fine adjustment to ensure that the rectangular runoff intercepting groove and the ground form an included angle of 5-10 degrees;
4. installing aqueduct
Connecting a water guide pipe and a water outlet pipe of the rectangular runoff interception groove in a hot connection mode, winding an adhesive tape at the joint, and reinforcing the adhesive tape by using an iron wire; after sampling is finished every time, the iron wire can be properly screwed according to the tightness degree of the interface.
5. Placing a runoff collector
Finding a flat place or a place with trees and shrubs around the rectangular runoff intercepting groove to place a runoff collector, fixing the runoff collector by piling timber piles, wherein the timber piles are distributed in a manner of being tightly attached to the runoff collector, the lower end of each timber pile is inserted into soil to ensure that the runoff collector cannot topple over, and placing the other end of a water guide pipe connected to the rectangular runoff intercepting groove into the runoff collector;
6 putting in a filter gauze
And a plastic gauze piece capable of completely covering the opening of the second interception cavity is cut and fixed on the iron gauze by iron wires.
When using this device to collect, compare with collecting bottle or collecting box of prior art, it is high to have a collection precision, and the collection area is wide, and data is accurate, equips with low costsly, lays simply, advantage such as sample convenience.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011353020.9A CN112255052A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device and installation method |
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| CN202011353020.9A CN112255052A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collecting and measuring device and installation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113092058A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB877357A (en) * | 1959-07-28 | 1961-09-13 | Herbert Leslie Pace | Rainfall gauges |
| CN204374202U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 河北省科学院地理科学研究所 | A kind of device measuring rainfall on slope land-discharge series process and run-off |
| CN207067425U (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-03-02 | 深圳市国艺园林建设有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of simple woodland rainfall interception amount |
| CN108680478A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | A kind of the stone face nature runoff measurement device and assay method of karst dew stone |
| CN213956914U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-08-13 | 山东农业大学 | Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device |
-
2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202011353020.9A patent/CN112255052A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB877357A (en) * | 1959-07-28 | 1961-09-13 | Herbert Leslie Pace | Rainfall gauges |
| CN204374202U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 河北省科学院地理科学研究所 | A kind of device measuring rainfall on slope land-discharge series process and run-off |
| CN207067425U (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-03-02 | 深圳市国艺园林建设有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of simple woodland rainfall interception amount |
| CN108680478A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | A kind of the stone face nature runoff measurement device and assay method of karst dew stone |
| CN213956914U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-08-13 | 山东农业大学 | Simple and convenient type under-forest vegetation rainfall runoff collection and measurement device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113092058A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test |
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