CN112252495A - 一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112252495A CN112252495A CN201910660228.6A CN201910660228A CN112252495A CN 112252495 A CN112252495 A CN 112252495A CN 201910660228 A CN201910660228 A CN 201910660228A CN 112252495 A CN112252495 A CN 112252495A
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- rock wool
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- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 64
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical group N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
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- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
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- C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
- D06N3/002—Asbestos fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
- D06N3/009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin by spraying components on the web
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了岩棉板技术领域的一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩50‑60份、石英砂12‑20份、铁矿石12‑18份、珍珠岩13‑18份、粘接剂15‑20份、纤维素改性气凝胶10‑15份、憎水剂3‑5份和丙烯酸酯涂料1‑3份,本发明先对纤维素气凝胶做改性处理,使其表面形成疏水的SiO2层,以达到纤维素气凝胶疏水的效果,通过加入该疏水的纤维素改性气凝胶,提高该岩棉板的防水性;在岩棉板固化后向其表面喷洒憎水剂,一方面,憎水剂进入到岩棉的内部附着;另一方面,于岩棉板表面形成憎水膜,进一步提高该岩棉板的防水性能;最后在岩棉板的外层在喷涂一层丙烯酸酯涂料,形成丙烯酸酯防水层,使该岩棉板的防水性能进一步增强。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及岩棉板技术领域,具体为一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法。
背景技术
岩棉板又称岩棉保温装饰板,是以玄武岩为主要原材料,经高温熔融加工而成的无机纤维板,是一种新型的保温、隔燃、吸声材料,岩棉板经过高温融熔加工成的人工无机纤维,具有质量轻、导热系数小、吸热、不燃的特点。
岩棉的生产过程,其实是模拟了火山喷发这一自然过程,岩棉产品均采用优质玄武岩、白云石等为主要原材料,经1450℃以上高温熔化后采用四轴离心机高速离心成纤维,同时喷入一定量粘结剂、防尘油、憎水剂后经集棉机收集、通过摆锤法工艺,加上三维法铺棉后进行固化、切割,形成不同规格和用途的岩棉产品。
在申请公布号为CN108585927A、申请公布日为2018.09.28的中国发明专利中公开了一种纳米纤维素气凝胶保温板及其制备方法,所述纳米纤维素气凝胶保温板包括以下质量份数的组分:水泥90-100份、纳米纤维素气凝胶1.0-5.0份、膨胀珍珠岩0.2-0.4份、玻璃棉0.2-0.3份、岩棉纤维0.2-0.3份、聚丙烯纤维0.3-0.4份、稳泡剂0.9-1.2份、减水剂0.28-0.35份以及发泡剂6-8份。本发明提供的技术方案中,以质量超轻的纳米纤维素气凝胶对水泥发泡保温板进行改性,同时加入膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃棉、岩棉纤维等导热系数低的无机保温材料,所制备的纳米纤维素气凝胶保温板具有质轻、抗压强度高、保温隔热效果好的优点。
由于岩棉板本身具备吸水性,并且纳米纤维气凝胶也体现出亲水性,使得上述仅仅添加减水剂这一种防水组分制作出纳米纤维素气凝胶保温板的防水效果差,不利于在空气湿度较大的环境下施工,在安装时需要在其表面粘合防水薄膜或防水钢片,以达到防水的效果,提高了岩棉板的使用成本。
基于此,本发明设计了具体为一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高防水性保温岩棉板及其制造方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的由于岩棉板本身具备吸水性,并且纳米纤维气凝胶也体现出亲水性,使得上述仅仅添加减水剂这一种防水组分制作出纳米纤维素气凝胶保温板的防水效果差,不利于在空气湿度较大的环境下施工的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩50-60份、石英砂12-20份、铁矿石12-18份、珍珠岩13-18份、粘接剂15-20份、纤维素改性气凝胶10-15份、憎水剂3-5份和丙烯酸酯涂料1-3份。
优选的,粘接剂为聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂或酚醛树脂粘接剂。
优选的,憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:60-80份固含量为15-20%聚硅氧烷乳液和10-30份固含量为10-15%硅丙乳液。
优选的,丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
本发明还提供了一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出干燥,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩50-60份、石英砂12-20份、铁矿石12-18份、珍珠岩13-18份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将粘接剂和纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱中烘干;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱中烘干,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
优选的,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为10-15分钟。
优选的,步骤一中的干燥条件为常压、80℃,干燥时间为5h。
优选的,步骤七中固化温度为220-250℃;过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃。
优选的,步骤八和步骤九中的烘干温度为50℃,烘干时间为2-5h。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明先将纤维素气凝胶置于正硅酸乙酯的酸溶液中,让正硅酸乙酯水解成SiO2,使SiO2附着在纤维素气凝胶的表面,然后在将其置入一水合氨溶液中,使SiO2在纤维素气凝胶的表面缩聚形成SiO2层,以达到纤维素气凝胶疏水的效果,通过加入该疏水的纤维素改性气凝胶,提高该岩棉板的防水效果,并且通过纤维素改性气凝胶,降低了岩棉板的导热系数,提高了抗压强度。
2、本发明在岩棉板固化后,向其表面喷洒憎水剂,一方面,憎水剂进入到岩棉的内部附着;另一方面,在岩棉板的表面形成憎水膜,进一步提高该岩棉板的防水效果。
3、本发明最后在岩棉板的外层在喷涂一层丙烯酸酯涂料,形成丙烯酸酯防水层,使该岩棉板的防水性能进一步增强。
4、本发明中未添加有毒成分,提高了该岩棉板在生产加工的安全性。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩50份、石英砂12份、铁矿石12份、珍珠岩13份、聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂15份、纤维素改性气凝胶10份、憎水剂3份和丙烯酸酯涂料1份。
憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:60份固含量为15%聚硅氧烷乳液和10份固含量为10%硅丙乳液。
丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
上述高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为10分钟,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出在常压、80℃的条件下,干燥5h,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩50份、石英砂12份、铁矿石12份、珍珠岩13份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将15份聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂和10份纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中于220℃进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将3份憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理2h;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将1份丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理2h,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
实施例2:
一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩54份、石英砂16份、铁矿石16份、珍珠岩17份、聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂19份、纤维素改性气凝胶14份、憎水剂5份和丙烯酸酯涂料3份。
憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:70份固含量为19%聚硅氧烷乳液和20份固含量为13%硅丙乳液。
丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
上述高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为12分钟,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出在常压、80℃的条件下,干燥5h,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩54份、石英砂16份、铁矿石16份、珍珠岩17份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将19份聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂和14份纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中于240℃进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将5份憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理4h;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将3份丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理4h,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
实施例3:
一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩52份、石英砂14份、铁矿石14份、珍珠岩14份、酚醛树脂粘接剂17份、纤维素改性气凝胶12份、憎水剂4份和丙烯酸酯涂料2份。
憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:65份固含量为17%聚硅氧烷乳液和15份固含量为12%硅丙乳液。
丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
上述高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为11分钟,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出在常压、80℃的条件下,干燥5h,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩52份、石英砂14份、铁矿石14份、珍珠岩14份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将17份酚醛树脂粘接剂和12份纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中于230℃进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将4份憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理3h;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将2份丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理3h,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
实施例4:
一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩58份、石英砂20份、铁矿石16份、珍珠岩17份、酚醛树脂粘接剂18份、纤维素改性气凝胶13份、憎水剂4份和丙烯酸酯涂料2份。
憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份固含量为16%聚硅氧烷乳液和30份固含量为13%硅丙乳液。
丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
上述高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为14分钟,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出在常压、80℃的条件下,干燥5h,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩58份、石英砂20份、铁矿石16份、珍珠岩17份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将18份酚醛树脂粘接剂和13份纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中于230℃进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将4份憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理3h;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将2份丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理3h,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
实施例5:
一种高防水性保温岩棉板,岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩56份、石英砂18份、铁矿石18份、珍珠岩18份、酚醛树脂粘接剂20份、纤维素改性气凝胶15份、憎水剂5份和丙烯酸酯涂料3份。
憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:75份固含量为20%聚硅氧烷乳液和25份固含量为14%硅丙乳液。
丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
上述高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为13分钟,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出在常压、80℃的条件下,干燥5h,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩56份、石英砂18份、铁矿石18份、珍珠岩18份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将20份酚醛树脂粘接剂和15份纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中于250℃进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将5份憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理5h;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将3份丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱在50℃下烘干处理5h,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
性能测试:
纤维素改性气凝胶测试:用胶头滴管向纤维素气凝胶中滴加水,水落在纤维素气凝胶表面后,水珠瞬间被吸入,其接触角度几乎为0,表明纤维素气凝胶的亲水性;从实施例1-5制备得到的纤维素改性气凝胶分别取样,分别向它们的表面滴加水,水落在纤维素改性气凝胶上均呈水珠状且未被吸入,其接触角可达150°,表明了纤维素改性气凝胶的表面形成SiO2的疏水层,使纤维素改性气凝胶具备疏水性;
高防水性保温岩棉板测试:从实施例1-5制备得到高防水性保温岩棉板500mm*500mm尺寸的样品,分别标记为实验样品1、实验样品2、实验样品3、实验样品4和实验样品5,另外从添加未改性纤维素气凝胶而未添加丙烯酸酯涂料制造出的岩棉板取样,标记为对比样品,然后对实验样品1-5以及对比样品做湿度环境的测试,具体为将实验样品1-5以及对比样品竖直放置在空气湿度湿度为70的环境中1h,用电子天平检测其实验前后的质量。
表1为实验样品1-5以及对比样品实验前后的检测结果
试样 | 实验前质量g | 实验后质量g | 质量差g |
对比样品 | 503 | 725 | 222 |
实验样品1 | 524 | 536 | 12 |
实验样品2 | 531 | 541 | 10 |
实验样品3 | 538 | 547 | 9 |
实验样品4 | 542 | 549 | 7 |
实验样品5 | 534 | 545 | 11 |
由纤维素改性气凝胶测试结果可知,对纤维素气凝胶进行改性处理,使其具备了较好的疏水性,其接触角可达150°,另外在高防水性保温岩棉板测试的结果中,实施例1-5这5个实验样品在经过湿度环境下,前后的质量相差不超过12g,质量增长不超过2.5%,表面本发明制造出的保温岩棉板具备较高的防水性能。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然,根据本说明书的内容,可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例,是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用,从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
Claims (9)
1.一种高防水性保温岩棉板,其特征在于:所述岩棉板包括如下重量组分的原料:玄武岩50-60份、石英砂12-20份、铁矿石12-18份、珍珠岩13-18份、粘接剂15-20份、纤维素改性气凝胶10-15份、憎水剂3-5份和丙烯酸酯涂料1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板,其特征在于:所述粘接剂为聚氨酯水泥基粘接剂或酚醛树脂粘接剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板,其特征在于:所述憎水剂由以下重量份数的原料组成:60-80份固含量为15-20%聚硅氧烷乳液和10-30份固含量为10-15%硅丙乳液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板,其特征在于:所述丙烯酸酯涂料由以下重量份数的原料组成:80份丙烯酸酯、15份甲基丙烯酸、15份过硫酸钾、7份碳酸氢钠、20份过氧化苯甲酰、10份烷基硫酸钠、12份聚乙烯醇、13份石英粉、12份过氧化甲乙酮和14份异氰酸酯。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、纤维素改性气凝胶的制备:按摩尔比1:3:1:0.0007将正硅酸乙酯、乙醇、水和盐酸混合配制成溶液a;按摩尔比5:2.6:0.002将乙醇、水和一水合氨混合配置成溶液b;将纤维素气凝胶先后浸渍在溶液a和溶液b中,得到复合湿凝胶,将复合湿凝胶置于无水乙醇溶液中在室温下进行溶剂置换2天,然后将凝胶取出干燥,得到纤维素改性气凝胶;
步骤二、配料:将岩棉板的矿石原料按照玄武岩50-60份、石英砂12-20份、铁矿石12-18份、珍珠岩13-18份进行混合、破碎,再进行过筛得到矿石粉末;
步骤三、熔融:将矿石粉末加入至冲天炉中融化成熔体;
步骤四、纤维化:冲天炉流出的熔体经活动流槽导入至离心机内,通过离心辊的离心力和由包络在离心辊外风环喷出的高速气流的联合作用下,将熔体牵伸成纤维,在牵伸成纤维的过程中将粘接剂和纤维素改性气凝胶均匀喷洒在纤维上;
步骤五、集棉:步骤四的纤维经高速气流吹送至集棉输送机上,再经输送机输送至摆锤机中,在摆锤带往复摆动的作用下,形成多层折叠状棉毡;
步骤六、压棉:通过三维压棉机对折叠状棉毡进行压制,得到棉板;
步骤七、固化成型:通过输送机将棉板输送至固化炉中进行固化,从固化炉出料的棉板经过渡段、冷却段、切割段,制得保温岩棉板;
步骤八、憎水处理:将憎水剂均匀的喷涂在保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱中烘干;
步骤九、喷涂防水膜:将丙烯酸酯涂料均匀的喷涂在憎水处理后保温岩棉板的表面,并置于烘干箱中烘干,得到高防水性保温岩棉板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,其特征在于:所述纤维素气凝胶在溶液a和溶液b中的浸渍时间均为10-15分钟。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中的干燥条件为常压、80℃,干燥时间为5h。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤六中固化温度为220-250℃;过渡段中第一段温度为160℃、第二段温度为110℃、第三段温度为70℃;冷却段中的温度为20℃。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种高防水性保温岩棉板的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤七和步骤八中的烘干温度为50℃,烘干时间为2-5h。
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