CN112245472A - 一种小叶丁香种子提取物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种小叶丁香种子提取物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN112245472A
CN112245472A CN202011344016.6A CN202011344016A CN112245472A CN 112245472 A CN112245472 A CN 112245472A CN 202011344016 A CN202011344016 A CN 202011344016A CN 112245472 A CN112245472 A CN 112245472A
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梁承远
辛亮
谢晓林
张德柱
李京忆
边瑞娜
鞠星可
施春阳
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SHAANXI PIONEER BIOTECH Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种小叶丁香种子提取物及其制备方法和应用，S1、取小叶丁香种子，粉碎过筛得种子粉剂；S2、将所得的种子粉剂用石油醚回流脱脂，过滤，将所得滤渣烘干，滤渣用甲醇提取，得到小叶丁香种子提取液；S3、将上述小叶丁香种子提取液浓缩，即得到小叶丁香种子提取物。所得小叶丁香种子提取物可以用来制备感染性疾病，特别是耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。

Description

一种小叶丁香种子提取物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域，具体涉及一种小叶丁香种子的提取物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着抗生素在全球的普及使用，滥用抗生素的现象日益普遍，出现了对相应抗生素产生耐受能力的微生物，对人类的健康构成新威胁。耐药菌的出现增加了感染性疾病治愈的难度，随着耐药细菌的增多，耐药范围和耐药程度也不断增大。目前革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均有耐药趋向，革兰氏阳性菌的耐药问题更为严重。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)是临床上常见的毒性较强的细菌，从发现至今感染几乎遍及全球，是临床抗感染治疗十分棘手的问题。开发新型抗菌药已迫在眉睫，目前世界许多制药公司都在积极寻找能对付多药耐药菌的新型药物。
小叶丁香为木犀科灌木属植物，又名巧玲花、雀舌花、毛丁香，为木犀科丁香属植物，分布于河南、河北、陕西、山西、甘肃等地，生长在海拔800～2400m山地、沟内或崖石上。民间用其花、果实泡茶饮用.有消炎、镇咳、治疗肝炎和肝硬化之疗效。近年来对小叶丁香化学成分和药理作用研究较多的是其树皮部分，而对小叶丁香种子的化学成分及药理活性方面鲜有报道。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种小叶丁香种子提取物及其制备方法和应用，所得小叶丁香种子提取物可以用来制备感染性疾病，特别是耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种小叶丁香种子提取物，该提取物包含以下含量的成分：松果菊苷0.4944～0.7142mg/g、橄榄苦苷6.624～7.617mg/g、毛蕊花糖苷0.4276～0.6309mg/g、刺五加苷3.927～4.684mg/g和连翘酯苷B4.505～5.250mg/g。
一种小叶丁香种子提取物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、取小叶丁香种子，粉碎过筛得种子粉剂；
S2、将所得的种子粉剂用石油醚回流脱脂，过滤，将所得滤渣烘干，滤渣用甲醇提取，得到小叶丁香种子提取液；
S3、将上述小叶丁香种子提取液浓缩，即得到小叶丁香种子提取物。
优选的，S2具体是：将所得的种子粉剂用石油醚回流脱脂两次，过滤，取得滤渣；将滤渣烘干，用甲醇提取两次，两次提取液合并得到小叶丁香种子提取液。
所述的小叶丁香种子提取物在制备治疗感染性疾病药物中的应用。
优选的，所述感染性疾病为耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
进一步的，所述耐药菌为多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌或多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：
本发明对小叶丁香种子进行了提取，对所得提取物的性能进行了测试，测试结果表明本发明的小叶丁香种子提取物能够有效治疗感染性疾病，特别是耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中254nm波长下小叶丁香种子提取物的HPLC谱图；
图2为本发明实施例中330nm波长下小叶丁香种子提取物的HPLC谱图；
图3为本发明实施例中254nm波长下小叶丁香种子提取物的指纹图谱；
图4为本发明实施例中330nm波长下小叶丁香种子提取物的指纹图谱；
图5为本发明实施例中小叶丁香种子提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性实验图；
图6为本发明实施例中小叶丁香种子提取物对耐药金黄色葡萄球菌18-171的抗菌活性实验图；
图7为本发明实施例中小叶丁香种子提取物对耐药铜绿假单胞菌18-261的抗菌活性实验图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
本发明小叶丁香种子的提取物，按照质量含量计，包含以下成分：松果菊苷0.4944～0.7142mg/g、橄榄苦苷6.624～7.617mg/g、毛蕊花糖苷0.4276～0.6309mg/g、刺五加苷3.927～4.684mg/g、连翘酯苷B4.505～5.250mg/g。
本发明还提供了小叶丁香种子的提取物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、取小叶丁香种子1kg，粉碎过筛得种子粉剂；
S2、将所得的种子粉剂先用石油醚回流脱脂两次，每次8h，过滤，将滤渣烘干，再用甲醇提取两次，每次4h，合并后得到小叶丁香种子甲醇提取液；
S3、将上述提取液浓缩，即得到小叶丁香种子提取物。
本发明使用药敏纸片法，对小叶丁香种子提取物进行抗菌活性评价。结果显示，小叶丁香种子提取物能够显著抑制多重耐药菌。因此，本发明中的小叶丁香种子化学成分标准化的提取物可用于治疗感染性疾病药物的开发和应用。
实施例
材料与试剂：
小叶丁香种子采自河南省洛阳市嵩县；对照品均购于中国食品药品检定研究院；甲醇、石油醚为色谱纯，水为超纯水，用时均用0.45μm的微孔膜过滤，其他试剂均为分析纯。
供试样品溶液的制备：
取小叶丁香种子1kg，粉碎过筛得种子粉剂；将所得的种子粉剂先用石油醚回流脱脂两次，每次8h，过滤，将滤渣烘干，再用甲醇提取两次，每次4h，合并后得到小叶丁香种子甲醇提取液；将上述提取液浓缩，即得到小叶丁香种子提取物，取1mL上清液经0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤后备用。
分别精密称取连翘酯苷B(化合物1)、刺五加苷(化合物2)、橄榄苦苷(化合物3)、松果菊苷(化合物4)、毛蕊花糖苷(化合物5)对照品适量，分别用甲醇配置成不同质量浓度，见表1，分别精密吸取10μL注入液相色谱仪，按柱温：30℃；流速：1mL/min；波长：254nm和330nm双波长；进样量：10μL；色谱柱：Kromasil 100-5-C18；柱长：250×4.6mm；流动相A：1％磷酸水溶液，流动相B：乙腈；梯度洗脱程序为：0min：A为95％，B为5％，15min：A为85％，B为15％，20min：A为80％，B为20％，30min：A为75％，B为25％，60min：A为60％，B为40％的色谱条件测定峰面积，以对照品质量浓度(μg/ml)为横坐标，峰面积积分值为纵坐标(其中化合物2和化合物3使用254nm波长下测定的峰面积，化合物1、化合物4和化合物5使用330nm波长下测定的峰面积)，绘制标准曲线，计算回归方程，标准曲线、相关系数和线性范围见表2，5个对照品均呈良好线性关系(R2＞0.999)。
Figure BDA0002798422840000051
表1 5个对照品溶液浓度(μg/ml)
Figure BDA0002798422840000052
表2 5个对照品线性关系考察
Figure BDA0002798422840000053
Figure BDA0002798422840000061
以化合物2为例。采用加样回收法(1∶1加入)，精密量取已知含量的6份甲醇提取液，精密加入适量对照品化合物2，分别精密吸取10μL注入液相色谱仪，按柱温：30℃；流速：1mL/min；波长：254nm和330nm双波长；进样量：10μL；色谱柱：Kromasil 100-5-C18；柱长：250×4.6mm；流动相A：1％磷酸水溶液，流动相B：乙腈；梯度洗脱程序为：0min：A为95％，B为5％，15min：A为85％，B为15％，20min：A为80％，B为20％，30min：A为75％，B为25％，60min：A为60％，B为40％的色谱条件测定，分别计算回收率，见表3，结果表明平均回收率为98.91％，RSD为2.333％。
表3回收率试验结果
Figure BDA0002798422840000062
取同一批的供试样品溶液，连续测定6次，结果见表4，化合物2色谱峰面积的RSD(n＝6)为1.12％，表明仪器有良好的精密度。
表4精密度试验结果
Figure BDA0002798422840000063
取同一批的小叶丁香种子样品6份，分别精密称重，依法(精密称取样品1.5g，石油醚脱脂甲醇提取后将提取液定容至20mL)制备，测定，见表5，样品中刺五加苷平均含量为4.601mg/g，RSD(n＝6)为1.42％，表明此方法重现性良好。
表5重现性试验结果
Figure BDA0002798422840000071
按照上述色谱条件，对12批样品进行色谱分析，以批次1为例，所得色谱图如图1及图2所示。12批样品的含量测定结果经计算如表6所示。
表6样品含量测定结果
Figure BDA0002798422840000072
色谱指纹图谱对照谱图的生成：
按照所定标准方法，分析了12批小叶丁香种子提取物的色谱指纹图谱，并将12批小叶丁香种子提取物色谱图导入中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A版本)，以确定的5个共有峰进行校正，生成小叶丁香种子提取物对照指纹图谱见图3及图4。
多批次小叶丁香种子提取物色谱指纹图谱的相似度分析：
取12批小叶丁香种子提取物，制备供试样品溶液，按上述建立的指纹图谱测定方法进行检测，并将所得指纹图谱和小叶丁香种子提取物对照指纹图进行全图谱匹配，3点校正，计算各批号样品指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱的相似度。12批小叶丁香种子提取物相似度均大于等于0.85(表7及表8)，结果表明不同批次小叶丁香种子提取物相似度较高，本发明建立的指纹图谱分析方法稳定、可靠、适应性强。
表7相似度分析结果(254nm)
Figure BDA0002798422840000081
表8相似度分析结果(330nm)
Figure BDA0002798422840000082
本发明提取物的抑菌活性测试
对本发明的提取物进行了抑菌活性测试实验，抑菌效力测定采用纸片扩散法药敏试验。
实验菌株：金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)，多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌18-206，多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌18-261。实验菌株经复旦大学附属华山医院(复旦大学抗生素研究所)鉴定。
药敏纸片：药敏纸片为直径6.35mm、吸水量为0.02mL的专用药敏纸片。对照药物为头孢唑啉钠(30μg/片)，万古霉素(30μg/片)和庆大霉素(30μg/片)；供试药物为小叶丁香种子提取物(128μg/片)。
试剂：LB琼脂培养基，LA肉汤培养基，0.5％DMSO溶液。
器材：超净工作台，高压灭菌锅，气浴恒温振荡培养箱。
菌悬液的制备：
将实验菌株接种于非选择性培养基中，置于37℃空气培养24h。挑选生长较好的单个菌落接种至肉汤培养基，置于35℃±2℃孵育6h，用LA肉汤培养基校正菌液浓度至0.5麦氏比浊管(1.5×108CFU/mL)，即得菌悬液。
纸片扩散法药敏试验：
称量LB干粉，103.4Kpa、121.3℃高压蒸汽灭菌15min后放至40℃～50℃水浴。将无菌空平皿(内径9cm)置于超净台水平台面上，晃动摇匀LB后倾倒平皿，每块平皿琼脂厚度为3mm～4mm。平皿室温冷却后，2℃～8℃冰箱保存。用无菌棉拭子蘸取菌液，在LB平皿表面均匀涂布3次。接种菌悬液后的LB平皿置室温下干燥3min～5min。用无菌镊子将抗菌药物纸片紧密贴于平皿，把平皿倒置放于37℃孵箱中孵育24h，观察结果，量取直径。以0.5％DMSO溶液为阴性对照，用抑菌圈直径的大小来表示抑菌活性。抑菌圈≥17mm，敏感；抑菌圈为15mm～16mm，中介；抑菌圈≤14mm，耐药。
实验结果详见表9。
表9抑菌圈实验结果
Figure BDA0002798422840000101
图5、图6和图7及表9结果显示，小叶丁香种子提取物对多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌18-171和多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌18-261呈现较强的抑制效果。综上，本发明的小叶丁香种子提取物可作为多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌及多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌候选药物，并进一步进行临床前研究。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种小叶丁香种子提取物，其特征在于，该提取物包含以下含量的成分：松果菊苷0.4944～0.7142mg/g、橄榄苦苷6.624～7.617mg/g、毛蕊花糖苷0.4276～0.6309mg/g、刺五加苷3.927～4.684mg/g和连翘酯苷B 4.505～5.250mg/g。
2.一种小叶丁香种子提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、取小叶丁香种子，粉碎过筛得种子粉剂；
S2、将所得的种子粉剂用石油醚回流脱脂，过滤，将所得滤渣烘干，滤渣用甲醇提取，得到小叶丁香种子提取液；
S3、将上述小叶丁香种子提取液浓缩，即得到小叶丁香种子提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的小叶丁香种子提取物的制备方法，其特征在于，S2具体是：将所得的种子粉剂用石油醚回流脱脂两次，过滤，取得滤渣；将滤渣烘干，用甲醇提取两次，两次提取液合并得到小叶丁香种子提取液。
4.权利要求1所述的小叶丁香种子提取物在制备治疗感染性疾病药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用，其特征在于，所述感染性疾病为耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，所述耐药菌为多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌或多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌。
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