CN112243609B - Wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group for drip irrigation corn and cleaning method - Google Patents

Wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group for drip irrigation corn and cleaning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112243609B
CN112243609B CN202010966147.1A CN202010966147A CN112243609B CN 112243609 B CN112243609 B CN 112243609B CN 202010966147 A CN202010966147 A CN 202010966147A CN 112243609 B CN112243609 B CN 112243609B
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grass poking
wheel
grass
cleaning
width
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CN112243609A (en
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李洪文
袁盼盼
何进
王庆杰
卢彩云
王春雷
崔单丹
林涵
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools

Abstract

The invention discloses a drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group and a cleaning method, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery; the single-right grass shifting mechanism comprises a right-side wheel claw type grass shifting wheel, and the single-left grass shifting mechanism comprises a left-side wheel claw type grass shifting wheel; corrugated discs, a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the double-side grass poking mechanism, the single right side grass poking mechanism and the single left side grass poking mechanism are all rotatably connected to the convergence support arm frame. The front-mounted double-side grass poking mechanism shifts and pokes the straws in the middle area of the narrow row to two sides, and the rear left and right single-outer-side grass poking mechanisms poke the straws poked by the front-mounted grass poking mechanism and the straws in the two side areas to the wide row for the second time. The invention cleans all the straws in the narrow row to the adjacent wide row, provides a good working environment for laying the drip irrigation zone in the narrow row, and improves the straw cleaning quality and the machine tool passing property.

Description

Wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group for drip irrigation corn and cleaning method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a wide-narrow row no-tillage partitioned cleaning device group with straws for drip irrigation corns and a cleaning method.
Background
Under the wide-narrow row planting mode of no-tillage seeding of corn, the clearing of the straws generally adopts stubble cutting disc cutters which are configured with grass poking wheels on two sides, and the straws of the seeding belt are poked to the wide rows and the narrow rows; in addition, in no-tillage drip irrigation areas, drip irrigation zones are laid in narrow rows of the belt, and if the straws of the drip irrigation zones are shifted to the narrow rows according to the conventional technology, the drip irrigation zones cannot be laid, and the drip irrigation zones and the straws are wound to form blockage.
Therefore, aiming at the no-tillage seeding mode of wide and narrow rows of corn, the no-tillage-belt straw partition cleaning device and the no-tillage-belt straw partition cleaning method are provided, straws in the narrow rows are displaced into the adjacent wide rows, a good operation environment is provided for laying a drip irrigation belt, and the cleaning quality of the straws in the belt and the machine tool trafficability are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group, which comprises at least one group of cleaning devices, and is characterized in that each group of cleaning devices comprises: the double-side grass poking mechanism is arranged in front of the rack, the single-right-side grass poking mechanism and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism are both arranged behind the rack through the four-rod profiling mechanism, the furrow opener is arranged behind the single-right-side grass poking mechanism and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism, and the furrow opener is arranged on the four-rod profiling mechanism;
the bilateral grass poking mechanism comprises a pair of claw wheels consisting of a left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the pair of claw wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the corrugated disc in a splayed shape; the single right side grass poking mechanism comprises a right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the right side of the corrugated disc; the single left grass poking mechanism comprises a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the left side of the corrugated disc;
corrugated discs, a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the double-side grass poking mechanism, the single right side grass poking mechanism and the single left side grass poking mechanism are all rotationally connected to the convergence support arm frame, and the corrugated discs and the pair of wheel claws all integrally rotate around the rotating shaft along with the convergence support arm frame; the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel are uniformly distributed with a plurality of same finger-shaped wheel claws along the circumference of the middle disc area;
the transverse distances between the double-side grass poking mechanism and the single-right-side grass poking mechanism as well as between the double-side grass poking mechanism and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism are provided with working conditions, and the working conditions require that the joint of the middle area and the two side areas of the straw cleaning is provided with an overlapping area;
the stubble cleaning width of the left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the stubble cleaning width of the right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel are both the single claw wheel cleaning width L0
When the cleaning devices are larger than one group, the cleaning devices of each group are arranged side by side; in every two adjacent groups of cleaning devices, the distance between the corrugated disk of the single-right grass poking mechanism in the left cleaning device and the corrugated disk of the single-left grass poking mechanism in the right cleaning device is the width L of a wide row1,L1>L2Wherein the narrow row width L2The distance between the corrugated disk of the grass poking mechanism on the single right side and the corrugated disk of the grass poking mechanism on the left side is shown.
Still provide a straw subregion clearance method based on drip irrigation maize wide and narrow row no-tillage area straw subregion cleaning device group, its characterized in that includes:
the straw-removing mechanism on two sides cleans stubbles on the earth surface, a straw-free middle area is cleaned, the straws cleaned out by the middle area are thrown to the side areas formed by the left side area and the right side area on two sides, and the cleaning width of the middle area in the middle area is L4
Grass mechanism is dialled on single right side and grass mechanism is dialled on single left side carries out the clear stubble to right side limit district and left side limit district respectively, clears up out the side limit district of no straw, and the straw in left side limit district and right side limit district is shifted respectively by the secondary and is dialled to adjacent wide row in, and the no straw width that final single group cleaning device cleared up is for taking clearance width L3
Ditching is carried out in no straw region by the furrow opener to carry out subsequent maize seed seeding and drip irrigation zone laying operation in narrow row in right side district and left side district middle part, wherein narrow row width L2Is a wave of a corrugated disc of a single right grass poking mechanism (3) and a wave of a left grass poking mechanismDistance between the corrugated disks;
the cleaning width of the intermediate zone is L4And the cleaning width of the right side area is L5And a cleaning width L with the left side edge region6All have an overlapping region with a width L7The overlapping area can prevent the cleaning leakage area at the joint of the middle area and the two side areas; l is5And L6Are all equal to L0,L4Equal to twice L0
The belt cleaning width L3Is narrower than the line width L2The size is 5cm-10 cm.
Width L of the overlapping area7Is 5 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the straw in the narrow row is completely cleaned to the adjacent wide row, so that a good operation environment is provided for laying the drip irrigation zone in the narrow row, and the straw cleaning quality and the machine tool passing performance of the zone are improved.
2. A certain distance is arranged between the front-arranged bilateral grass poking mechanism and the rear two single outer grass poking mechanisms, so that the flowability of the straws is ensured, and the blockage caused by the removal and displacement of a large amount of straws in one process is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device set for drip irrigation of corn according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of widths in partition cleaning according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of cleaning in partition cleaning according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of another embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1-bilateral grass poking mechanism, 2-frame, 3-single right side grass poking mechanism, 4-single left side grass poking mechanism, 5-four-rod profiling mechanism, 6-furrow opener, 11-corn seed, 21-drip irrigation zone and 31-straw.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, a group of cleaning apparatuses includes: the double-side grass poking mechanism comprises a double-side grass poking mechanism 1, a rack 2, a single-right-side grass poking mechanism 3, a single-left-side grass poking mechanism 4, a four-rod profiling mechanism 5 and a furrow opener 6, wherein the double-side grass poking mechanism 1 is arranged in front of the rack 2, the single-right-side grass poking mechanism 3 and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism 4 are both arranged behind the rack 2 through the four-rod profiling mechanism 5, the furrow opener 6 is arranged behind the single-right-side grass poking mechanism 3 and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism 4, and the furrow opener 6 is also arranged on the four-rod profiling mechanism 5;
the bilateral grass poking mechanism 1 comprises a pair of claw wheels consisting of a left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence supporting arm frame, a corrugated disc, a depth adjusting cam and a lower limiting supporting arm, wherein the pair of claw wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the corrugated disc in a splayed shape, and extension lines of the front ends of the left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel converge to one point and do not interfere with each other.
The single right grass poking mechanism 3 comprises a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence supporting arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting supporting arm, wherein the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the right side of the corrugated disc, and the inclined angle and the arranged position are the same as those of the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the double-side grass poking mechanism 1.
The single left grass poking mechanism 4 comprises a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence supporting arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting supporting arm, wherein the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the left side of the corrugated disc, and the inclined angle and the arranged position are the same as those of the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the double-side grass poking mechanism 1.
Corrugated discs, a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the bilateral grass poking mechanism 1, the single right grass poking mechanism 3 and the single left grass poking mechanism 4 are all rotatably connected to the convergent support arm frame, and the corrugated discs and a pair of wheel claws all integrally rotate around the rotary shaft along with the convergent support arm frame; the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel are uniformly distributed with a plurality of same finger-shaped wheel claws along the circumference of the middle disc area; the stubble cleaning widths of the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel are both the single claw wheel cleaning width L0;
in the embodiment, the number of the finger-shaped wheel claws is 12; the front ends of the pair of claw wheels can be converged with each other, namely, a part of the finger-shaped wheel claws is arranged in a crossed way; here, the selection can be made according to the model used;
in the embodiment, the positions and the models of the components with the same names used in the double-side grass poking mechanism 1, the single-right-side grass poking mechanism 3 and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism 4 are the same, and the differences are only in the arrangement number and the positions of the claw wheels; in actual application, each component can be adaptively replaced according to the seeding requirement.
When the straw harvester works, the corrugated disc, the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel are inserted into straws, the stubble layer is contacted with soil, and the wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the corrugated disc rotate together under the action of a couple formed by the thrust of the convergent support arm frame and the counter force of the soil. The straw below the rotating left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the rotating right wheel claw type grass poking wheel is picked up and thrown to the lateral rear side, and the rest stubbles are divided to two sides along with the advancing of the wheel claw type grass poking wheels, so that a soil exposed area is formed on the surface layer of the soil; when the edge of the corrugated disk touches soil, stubbles and residual straws with stubbles and no floating, mixing and chopping;
the furrow opener 6 is composed of a pair of double-disc cutters arranged in a splayed shape, the two double-disc cutters are symmetrical to the extension surfaces of the corrugated discs in the front single-right grass poking mechanism 3 or the single-left grass poking mechanism 4, and the furrow opener 6 extrudes the mixture of the chopped soil, stubbles and straws to two sides and forms a loose groove for sowing.
The no-tillage wide-narrow row straw partition cleaning method used in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 and 4 comprises the following steps: when the straw shifting and stubble cutting machine works, the front-arranged bilateral straw shifting and stubble cutting mechanism shifts and shifts the straws in the middle area of the narrow row to two sides, and the rear left and right single outer side straw shifting and stubble cutting mechanism shifts and separates the straws shifted by the front-arranged straw shifting mechanism and the straws in the two side areas to a wide row for the second time.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
first, double-sided dialingThe grass mechanism 1 firstly cleans the stubble on the ground surface to form a straw-free middle area, the straws cleaned in the middle area are thrown into the side areas which are arranged at two sides and are composed of a left side area and a right side area, wherein the cleaning width of the middle area is L4
Subsequently, grass mechanism 3 and grass mechanism 4 are dialled in single right side and left side respectively to the right side district and the clear stubble in the left side district, clear up out the side district that does not have the straw, and the straw in left and right both sides district (the middle part is shifted the straw of coming and originally has the straw in the side district) is shifted respectively by the secondary and is dialled to adjacent wide row in, does not have the straw in the both sides district, and wherein the clearance width in right side district is L5And the cleaning width of the left side edge region is L6(ii) a The width of the straw-free belt cleaned by the single-group cleaning device is L3
Finally, ditching is carried out in the straw-free area by the ditcher 6, and subsequent seeding of the corn seeds 11 is carried out in the middle of the right side area and the left side area and laying operation of the drip irrigation tape 21 is carried out in a narrow row by a drip irrigation tape laying device additionally arranged on the no-tillage seeding rack.
In the method provided by this embodiment, the cleaning width of the belt middle zone is L4And the cleaning width of the right side area is L5And a cleaning width L with the left side edge region6All have an overlapping area with a width L7The overlapping area can prevent the cleaning leakage area at the joint of the middle area and the two side areas;
in this embodiment, the tape cleaning width L3Greater than the narrow row width L2About 5cm-10cm, the outer side area of the sowing row is clean, so that the ditching and sowing quality are guaranteed, and a clean operation environment is provided;
in this embodiment, L5And L6Are all equal to L0,L4Equal to twice L0
In another embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 3-5, two sets of cleaning devices are arranged side by side; the front two-side grass poking mechanism 1 in the left group of cleaning devices throws the straws in the narrow row of the middle area to two sides, and the rear single-right side grass poking mechanism 4 in the left group of cleaning devicesThe right wheel claw type grass poking wheel cleans the straws in the side area to a wide row; the straw in the middle area narrow row is thrown to two sides by the front bilateral grass poking mechanism 1 in the right group of cleaning devices, and the straw in the side area is cleaned to the same wide row by the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the rear single left grass poking mechanism 3, so that the straw 31 is accumulated in the wide row; and all the straws are piled up in the wide row L1In (1).
The distance between the corrugated disk of the single-right grass poking mechanism 3 in the left cleaning device and the corrugated disk of the single-left grass poking mechanism 4 in the right cleaning device is L1Wherein L is1Is the width of the wide row; the distance L between the corrugated disk of the single right grass poking mechanism 3 and the corrugated disk of the left grass poking mechanism 4 in each group of cleaning devices2Wherein L is2Is a narrow row width; width of wide row L1Width of narrow row L2
In this embodiment, L1=60cm,L2=40cm;
The straw cleaning process of the straw poking wheel comprises the steps of contacting, poking, picking and throwing, the straw lateral pushing effect is achieved, the transverse distances between the double-side grass poking mechanism 1 and the single-right-side grass poking mechanism 3 as well as between the double-side grass poking mechanism 1 and the single-left-side grass poking mechanism 4 are set with working conditions, and the working conditions require the width L of the overlapping area of the cross-over positions of the middle area and the two side areas of the straw cleaning7The width of the grass poking wheels in the single right grass poking mechanism 3 and the single left grass poking mechanism 4 is about 5cm, namely the width of the grass poking wheels in the single right grass poking mechanism and the single left grass poking mechanism is 5cm, which is overlapped with the cleaning straws of the right grass poking wheel and the left grass poking wheel in the front double-side grass poking mechanism 1.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a drip irrigation maize wide and narrow row no-tillage takes straw subregion cleaning device group, includes at least a set of cleaning device, its characterized in that, every group cleaning device includes: the grass digging machine comprises a bilateral grass poking mechanism (1), a rack (2), a single right grass poking mechanism (3), a single left grass poking mechanism (4), a four-rod profiling mechanism (5) and a furrow opener (6), wherein the bilateral grass poking mechanism (1) is arranged in front of the rack (2), the single right grass poking mechanism (3) and the single left grass poking mechanism (4) are both arranged behind the rack (2) through the four-rod profiling mechanism (5), the single right grass poking mechanism (3) and the single left grass poking mechanism (4) are both provided with the furrow opener (6) at the rear, and the furrow opener (6) is arranged on the four-rod profiling mechanism (5);
the bilateral grass poking mechanism (1) comprises a pair of claw wheels consisting of a left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergent support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the pair of claw wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the corrugated disc in a splayed shape; the single right grass poking mechanism (3) comprises a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the right side of the corrugated disc; the single left grass poking mechanism (4) comprises a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel, a convergence support arm frame, a corrugated disc, a cam for adjusting depth and a lower limiting support arm, wherein the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel is arranged on the left side of the corrugated disc;
corrugated discs, a left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and a right wheel claw type grass poking wheel in the double-side grass poking mechanism (1), the single right side grass poking mechanism (3) and the single left side grass poking mechanism (4) are all rotatably connected to the convergent support arm frame, and the corrugated discs and the pair of wheel claws all integrally rotate around the rotary shaft along with the convergent support arm frame; the left wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right wheel claw type grass poking wheel are uniformly distributed with a plurality of same finger-shaped wheel claws along the circumference of the middle disc area;
the transverse distances between the double-side grass poking mechanism (1) and the single-right side grass poking mechanism (3) and between the double-side grass poking mechanism and the single-left side grass poking mechanism (4) are provided with working conditions, and the working conditions require that the joint of the middle area and the two side areas of the straw cleaning is provided with an overlapping area;
the stubble cleaning width of the left side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the stubble cleaning width of the right side wheel claw type grass poking wheel are both single claw wheel cleaning widthL 0
2. The drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the double-side grass poking mechanism (1), extension lines of front ends of the left-side wheel claw type grass poking wheel and the right-side wheel claw type grass poking wheel converge to a point and do not interfere with each other.
3. The drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the cleaning devices are larger than one group, the cleaning devices of each group are arranged side by side; in every two adjacent groups of cleaning devices, the distance between the corrugated disk of the single-right grass poking mechanism (3) in the left cleaning device and the corrugated disk of the single-left grass poking mechanism (4) in the right cleaning device is the width of a wide rowL 1L 1L 2In which the width of the narrow rowL 2Is the distance between the corrugated disk of the single right grass poking mechanism (3) and the corrugated disk of the single left grass poking mechanism (4).
4. The method for cleaning the drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage partitioned cleaning device group with straws as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
the bilateral grass poking mechanism (1) cleans stubbles on the ground surface, a middle area without straws is cleaned, the straws cleaned in the middle area are thrown into side areas which are arranged on two sides and are composed of a left side area and a right side area, wherein the cleaning width of the middle area isL 4
Grass mechanism (3) is dialled on single right side and grass mechanism (4) is dialled on single left side and is carried out the clear stubble to right side district and left side district respectively, clears up out the side district of no straw, and the straw in left side district and right side district is shifted respectively by the secondary and is dialled to adjacent wide line in, and the no straw width that final singly organize cleaning device clearance out is for taking the width of clearanceL 3
Ditching is carried out in a straw-free area by a ditcher (6), and subsequent corn seed sowing is carried out in the middle of the right side area and the left side area and drip irrigation tape laying operation is carried out in a narrow row, wherein the width of the narrow row is thatL 2The distance between the corrugated disc of the single right grass poking mechanism (3) and the corrugated disc of the single left grass poking mechanism (4) is set;
the cleaning width of the intermediate zone isL 4And the cleaning width of the right side area isL 5And a cleaning width of the left side edge region ofL 6All have an overlap region with a width ofL 7The overlapping area can prevent the cleaning leakage area at the joint of the middle area and the two side areas;L 5andL 6are all equal toL 0L 4Equal to two timesL 0
5. The drip irrigation corn wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device set as claimed in claim 4, wherein the belt cleaning width is equal to the width of the belt cleaning widthL 3Width of narrower rowL 2The size is 5cm-10 cm.
6. The wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device set for drip irrigation corn as claimed in claim 4, wherein the width of the overlapping areaL 7Is 5 cm.
CN202010966147.1A 2020-09-15 2020-09-15 Wide-narrow row no-tillage belt straw partition cleaning device group for drip irrigation corn and cleaning method Active CN112243609B (en)

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CN105638040A (en) * 2016-01-06 2016-06-08 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 No-tillage planter capable of realizing straw cleaning

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CN203884160U (en) * 2014-06-16 2014-10-22 沈阳农业大学 Cutting and pulling anti-blocking device of corn ridge planting no-tillage seeder
CN105638040A (en) * 2016-01-06 2016-06-08 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 No-tillage planter capable of realizing straw cleaning

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