CN112221478A - 具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法 - Google Patents

具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112221478A
CN112221478A CN202011072690.3A CN202011072690A CN112221478A CN 112221478 A CN112221478 A CN 112221478A CN 202011072690 A CN202011072690 A CN 202011072690A CN 112221478 A CN112221478 A CN 112221478A
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冯静
赵鑫禹
魏彤
范壮军
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Abstract

本发明提供一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法,将纤维切割成质量为6g的矩形并放入无水乙醇中超声60min,于50℃下干燥12h获得洁净的纤维;配置含有0.3g/L氧化石墨烯和0.5g/L聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯的溶液,超声1h后获得均匀混合溶液;将纤维置于混合溶液中,并置于真空干燥箱中30℃下抽真空5h使氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯与纤维紧密结合;将浸有纤维的混合溶液取出,抽出多余溶液后,将纤维放入烘箱中50℃干燥24h;将得到的纤维置于真空干燥箱中,取出纤维得到具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维;本发明对不同种类的油水混合物都表现出极好的油水分离性能,在油水分离和油品回收领域有着巨大的应用前景。

Description

具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸油纤维及制备方法,尤其涉及一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法,属于新材料技术领域。
背景技术
随着石油工业和海上工业的发展,海油开采、海面浮油回收等问题亟待解决。因此,合理有效地回收工业油品尤为重要。吸附法由于节能高效、绿色环保、成本低廉等优势,成为目前处理工业油品回收和油水分离的重要方法。
常见的吸附剂主要分为四类:碳质材料、金属氧化物、非金属氧化物和聚合物吸附剂。纤维具有多孔、循环性能好、化学性质稳定等优点。然而其表面通常含有羟基等亲水基团,这使得纤维难以有效地进行油水分离,对其进行疏水改性可以有效提高纤维的疏水亲油性能。
还原氧化石墨烯因其超疏水、超亲油性良好,化学性质稳定,力学性能优异等优点受到了广泛关注。此外,聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯具有良好的疏水亲油特性,与纤维的结合力强且在氧化石墨烯还原温度下具有良好的稳定性。因此,采用还原氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯对纤维表面进行疏水改性处理,能够有效提高纤维的疏水亲油性能,进而显著增强纤维的油水分离能力。此外,石墨烯良好的力学性能可以提高纤维在油水分离过程中的循环耐用性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决目前油水分离难的问题并简化吸油操作流程,提高材料循环利用性能而提供一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及制备方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维,纤维上负载聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯和还原氧化石墨烯。
进一步的,所述纤维为植物纤维、人造纤维或合成纤维。
3、一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将纤维切割成质量为6g的矩形并放入无水乙醇中超声60min,于50℃下干燥12h获得洁净的纤维;
(2)配置含有0.3g/L氧化石墨烯和0.5g/L聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯的溶液,溶剂为去离子水,超声1h后获得均匀混合溶液;
(3)将纤维置于步骤(2)得到的混合溶液中,并置于真空干燥箱中30℃下抽真空5h使氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯与纤维紧密结合;
(4)将步骤(3)中浸有纤维的混合溶液取出,抽出多余溶液后,将纤维放入烘箱中50℃干燥24h;
(5)将步骤(4)中得到的纤维置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空后升温至180℃,保温24h后,关闭真空干燥箱,待温度降至50℃以下后取出纤维,最终得到具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维。
进一步的,所述纤维为植物纤维、人造纤维或合成纤维。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、该石墨烯吸油纤维制备过程中采用抽真空法使纤维和还原氧化石墨烯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯紧密结合,该方法实施过程简单,容易实现,且最终结合效果较好;
2、在180℃下的真空中进行还原,保证氧化石墨烯被充分还原的同时有效减少聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯的损耗;
3、该石墨烯吸油纤维具有较高的吸油能力和极好的油水分离性能;
4、该石墨烯吸油纤维具有广泛的应用方面,可在海面,地面包括不规则、难吸附表面进行吸油和油水分离;
5、该石墨烯吸油纤维对各种油品、有机物均具有良好的吸附和与水分离效果;
6、该石墨烯吸油纤维具有优秀的力学性能,多次使用后,效果无明显降低。
附图说明
图1为石墨烯吸油纤维扫描电镜图;
图2为石墨烯吸油纤维吸附曲线图;
图3为石墨烯吸油纤维油水分离柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
本发明选用高孔隙率、低成本的纤维作为基底,首先利用抽真空法将氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯负载在纤维表面,然后采用真空固相法将氧化石墨烯还原为还原氧化石墨烯,最终得到一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维。该吸油纤维在油水分离、油品吸附方面,表现出极好的吸附效果,同时,在循环性能,操作简易程度上具有极大的优势。在工业油品吸附、油水分离方面有着巨大的应用前景。
实施例1
本实施例1具体制备了一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维,制备过程如下:
(1)将纤维切割为15cm2的正方形并放入无水乙醇中超声60min,于50℃下干燥12h,获得洁净的纤维;
(2)将0.15g氧化石墨烯和1g聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯加入到500mL蒸馏水中,超声1h;
(3)将纤维置于步骤(2)得到的混合溶液中,并置于真空干燥箱中30℃下持续抽真空5h;
(4)将步骤(3)中浸有纤维的混合溶液取出,抽出多余溶液后,将纤维放入烘箱中50℃干燥24h;
(5)将步骤(4)中得到的纤维置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空后升温至180℃,保温24h后,关闭真空干燥箱,待温度降至50℃以下后取出纤维,最终得到具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维。
测试方法如下所述:图2为吸油测试,将吸油纤维称重后置于纯油中,吸附饱和后称重,计算差值即为吸油质量,挤出吸附的油品后再次置于纯油中吸附,如此循环测试。图3为吸油率/含水率测试,取体积比1:1的水和油品,利用磁力搅拌使油和水充分混合,将吸油纤维置于混合液中吸附至饱和,挤出吸附液至分液漏斗中进行分液称重计算。
实施例1中石墨烯吸油纤维对豆油和机油的吸附性能如图2所示,在50次循环使用过程中,吸油性能无明显降低。该石墨烯吸油纤维对豆油和机油的油水分离性能如图3所示,对油水比例为1:1的混合溶液进行吸附回收后分液,吸油率均在98%以上,对机油/水混合溶液的吸油含水率更是在0.5%以下。
本发明提供了一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维及其制备方法,该纤维包括纤维(植物纤维、合成纤维和人造纤维)及其表面的还原氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯。该纤维对不同种类的油水混合物都表现出极好的油水分离性能,在油水分离和油品回收领域有着巨大的应用前景。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维,其特征是,纤维上负载聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯和还原氧化石墨烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维,其特征是,所述纤维为植物纤维、人造纤维或合成纤维。
3.一种具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维的制备方法,其特征是,包括如下步骤:
(1)将纤维切割成质量为6g的矩形并放入无水乙醇中超声60min,于50℃下干燥12h获得洁净的纤维;
(2)配置含有0.3g/L氧化石墨烯和0.5g/L聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯的溶液,溶剂为去离子水,超声1h后获得均匀混合溶液;
(3)将纤维置于步骤(2)得到的混合溶液中,并置于真空干燥箱中30℃下抽真空5h使氧化石墨烯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯与纤维紧密结合;
(4)将步骤(3)中浸有纤维的混合溶液取出,抽出多余溶液后,将纤维放入烘箱中50℃干燥24h;
(5)将步骤(4)中得到的纤维置于真空干燥箱中,抽真空后升温至180℃,保温24h后,关闭真空干燥箱,待温度降至50℃以下后取出纤维,最终得到具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有高效油水分离性能的石墨烯吸油纤维的制备方法,其特征是,所述纤维为植物纤维、人造纤维或合成纤维。
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