CN112209737A - Light aggregate concrete plate with smooth and flat surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light aggregate concrete plate with smooth and flat surface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112209737A CN112209737A CN201910625842.9A CN201910625842A CN112209737A CN 112209737 A CN112209737 A CN 112209737A CN 201910625842 A CN201910625842 A CN 201910625842A CN 112209737 A CN112209737 A CN 112209737A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a light aggregate concrete plate with a flat and smooth surface and a preparation method thereof, wherein the light aggregate concrete plate comprises a plate main body and light aggregates with magnetism, the light aggregates with magnetism are distributed at the bottom of the plate main body, and the top surface of the plate main body is flat and smooth; the magnetic light aggregate is prepared by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of the initial light aggregate; the lightweight aggregate concrete plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-50% of cement, 10-20% of quartz powder, 0.05-0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.05-0.15% of first binder, 20-40% of water and 10-25% of light aggregate with magnetism. Through the vibration effect and the magnetic force effect of magnetic vibration platform for take magnetism light aggregate to distribute in the bottom of panel main part, thereby need not to reduce the water yield, need not to increase the quantity of initial light aggregate, also can avoid appearing the light aggregate come-up phenomenon, ensure the top surface of the smooth light aggregate concrete panel of surfacing is level and smooth, the subsequent panel surface decoration of being convenient for is handled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a light aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lightweight aggregate concrete board has the excellent performances of low density, less material consumption in unit volume during preparation, sound insulation, heat insulation and the like, and is widely applied to buildings. However, in the preparation process, because the density difference between the lightweight aggregate and other materials is large, if the slurry state is unreasonably controlled, the lightweight aggregate is easy to float, so that the surface of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate is uneven and not beautiful enough, which is one of the important factors that the current lightweight aggregate concrete plate cannot be used for decorative plates.
Generally, to prevent lightweight aggregate from floating upward in a lightweight aggregate concrete slab during the molding process, it is necessary to reduce the amount of water used as much as possible and to coat the lightweight aggregate with slurry in a viscous state. However, the reduction of water consumption means an increase in the density of the material, and if a lightweight aggregate concrete panel with a low density is to be obtained, it is achieved by adding a large amount of lightweight aggregate, which is disadvantageous in terms of environmental protection and economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lightweight aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface comprises a plate main body and light aggregates with magnetism, wherein the light aggregates with magnetism are distributed at the bottom of the plate main body, and the top surface of the plate main body is smooth and flat;
the light aggregate with magnetism is prepared by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of initial light aggregate, a plurality of communicating holes with nanometer level are arranged inside the particles of the light aggregate with magnetism, and the nano ferroferric oxide is adsorbed in the communicating holes of the light aggregate with magnetism;
the lightweight aggregate concrete plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-50% of cement, 10-20% of quartz powder, 0.05-0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.05-0.15% of first binder, 20-40% of water and 10-25% of light aggregate with magnetism.
The initial lightweight aggregate is ordinary lightweight aggregate which can be purchased in the existing market, and is a nonmagnetic substance. And a plurality of nanometer-level communication holes are formed in the particles of the initial lightweight aggregate, and nanometer ferroferric oxide is absorbed into the communication holes, so that the initial lightweight aggregate is magnetized, and the magnetic lightweight aggregate is prepared. It is emphasized that the nano ferroferric oxide refers to ferroferric oxide powder with the particle size of nanometer level, and the nano ferroferric oxide, namely the nano ferroferric oxide of the invention, is required to be adsorbed in the intercommunicating pores; ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the nanometer level can block surface holes of initial light aggregate and cannot enter communicating holes inside particles, so that the ferroferric oxide and the initial light aggregate cannot be completely combined, the ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the nanometer level can be separated from the initial light aggregate under the guiding action of a magnetic device, and all the initial light aggregate cannot be distributed at the bottom of the plate main body, so that the light aggregate can float upwards, and the top surface of the plate main body is uneven.
Preferably, the initial lightweight aggregate is one of perlite, floating beads and ceramsite;
the cement is one of Portland cement, sulfate cement and sulphoaluminate cement;
the particle size of the quartz powder is 300-350 meshes;
the first binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, and is in a dry powder shape;
the water reducing agent is one or more of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, and is in a dry powder shape. The initial lightweight aggregate, the cement, the quartz powder, the water reducing agent and the first binder are all materials sold in the market.
The preparation method of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate with the flat and smooth surface comprises the following steps:
A. preparing light aggregate with magnetism, and preparing the light aggregate with magnetism by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of the initial light aggregate;
B. preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete slab, comprising:
step B1, stirring 30-50% of cement, 10-20% of quartz powder, 0.05-0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.05-0.15% of first binder and 10-25% of light aggregate with magnetism into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage;
step B2, adding 20-40% by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 30-120 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 10-24 hours, and then removing the mold for maintenance to prepare the light aggregate concrete plate with the flat and smooth surface.
In the preparation process of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate, the lightweight aggregate with magnetism is uniformly mixed with other raw materials, water is added and stirred to prepare slurry, the mass percent of the water in the slurry is 20-40%, the slurry is not sticky, the lightweight aggregate with magnetism can flow in the slurry, and the prepared lightweight aggregate concrete plate has low density; step B3, using a magnetic vibration table sold in the market to vibrate and magnetically force the slurry, vibrating the lightweight aggregate concrete plate tightly, then stopping vibrating and keeping the magnetic function open for 10-24 hours, so as to adsorb all the lightweight aggregates with magnetism to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mold through the magnetic force, thus all the lightweight aggregates with magnetism are distributed at the bottom of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate after the mold is removed, avoiding the phenomenon of the lightweight aggregates floating, and the top surface of the prepared lightweight aggregate concrete plate with a smooth surface is smooth, beautiful and convenient for decoration treatment.
And a fixed magnetic device is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic vibration table and generates magnetic force through the fixed magnetic device. The fixed magnetic device can adsorb and fix the mold through the magnetic force, and can also adsorb the light aggregate with magnetism to the bottom of the inner cavity of the mold.
Preferably, the preparation of the magnetic lightweight aggregate specifically comprises the following steps:
step A1, mixing and stirring 1-5% of a second binder, 1-5% of a dispersant, 1-3% of a water-based acrylic resin and 87-97% of water according to mass percent, and homogenizing to form a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times manner, then performing ultrasonic dispersion, and continuously stirring for 1-24 hours to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.1-1 mol/L;
step A3, mixing 5-15% of initial lightweight aggregate and 85-95% of the second solution according to mass percentage, and stirring for 24-48 hours to obtain a first mixture;
and step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the sieved solid, and drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant to obtain the magnetic light aggregate.
The magnetic light aggregate is prepared by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of the initial light aggregate, and then the magnetic light aggregate is doped into the concrete plate raw material. In the preparation process of the light aggregate with magnetism, a second binder and a dispersant are firstly homogenized into a first solution so as to avoid the agglomeration phenomenon when nano ferroferric oxide is added; then adding the nano ferroferric oxide into the first solution in a small quantity and multiple times manner, avoiding the phenomenon of uneven dispersion when a large amount of nano ferroferric oxide is added at one time, and then preparing a suspension of the nano ferroferric oxide, namely a second solution, through ultrasonic dispersion and stirring; when the initial light aggregate is added into the second solution, the nano ferroferric oxide can be adsorbed into the intercommunicating pores of the initial light aggregate by stirring, so that the initial light aggregate is magnetized, and the light aggregate with magnetism is prepared; the weight of the added initial light aggregate is 5-15% of that of the second solution, the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.1-1 mol/L, and the proportioning combination can enable all the interconnected pores of the initial light aggregate in the first mixture to adsorb the nano ferroferric oxide, so that the phenomenon that the light aggregate floats upwards on the prepared plate due to the fact that part of the initial light aggregate is adsorbed to the nano ferroferric oxide is avoided; in the step A4, the first mixture is screened and drained, the screened solids are dried at 100 ℃, and the aqueous acrylic resin is crosslinked and cured at 100 ℃, so that the aqueous acrylic resin serves as a connecting bridge between the nano ferroferric oxide and the initial lightweight aggregate, and the nano ferroferric oxide can be better stabilized in the initial lightweight aggregate; the dry light aggregate with magnetism is convenient to store, and the convenience is improved for preparing the light aggregate concrete plate. Wherein, thermosetting water-based acrylic resin should be selected under the water-based acrylic resin.
Preferably, in the step A2, the particle size of the nano ferroferric oxide is not more than 300 nm;
in the step A3, the initial lightweight aggregate is one of perlite, floating beads and ceramsite.
The initial lightweight aggregate is ordinary lightweight aggregate which can be purchased in the existing market, and is a nonmagnetic substance. And a plurality of nanometer-level communication holes are formed in the particles of the initial lightweight aggregate, and nanometer ferroferric oxide is absorbed into the communication holes, so that the initial lightweight aggregate is magnetized, and the magnetic lightweight aggregate is prepared.
The granularity of the nano ferroferric oxide is not more than 300nm, and the nano ferroferric oxide in the range can easily enter the intercommunicating pores of the initial light aggregate; ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the range can block surface holes of the initial light aggregate and cannot enter communicating holes in particles, so that the ferroferric oxide and the initial light aggregate cannot be completely combined, the ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the range can be separated from the initial light aggregate under the magnetic action of a magnetic vibration table, namely the initial light aggregate loses magnetism, all the initial light aggregate cannot be distributed at the bottom of the light aggregate concrete plate, the light aggregate floats upwards, and the top surface of the light aggregate concrete plate is uneven.
Preferably, in step a1, the second binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, and the dispersant is one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and water glass. The second binder and the dispersing agent are materials sold in the market at present, the second binder promotes the nano ferroferric oxide to be adsorbed into the intercommunicating pores of the initial light aggregate, and the dispersing agent promotes the nano ferroferric oxide to be dispersed in the first solution.
Preferably, the stirring speed of the step A1 is 400-800 rpm; the stirring speed of the step A2 is 400-800 rpm, the ultrasonic frequency of the step A2 is 30-50 KHz, and the ultrasonic power of the step A2 is 100-150W; the stirring speed of the step A3 is 200-400 rpm. The stirring rotation speeds of the step A1 to the step A3 can be the same or different, and are adjusted within the range according to actual needs.
Preferably, in the step B1, the cement is one of portland cement, sulfate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the particle size of the quartz powder is 300-350 meshes.
Preferably, in the step B1, the stirring speed is 600-800 rpm; in the step B2, the stirring speed is 700-1400 rpm. The stirring rotation speeds in the step B1 and the step B2 can be the same or different, and are adjusted within the range according to actual needs.
Preferably, in the step B1, the water reducing agent is one or more of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, and the water reducing agent is in a dry powder form; the first binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, and is in a dry powder shape. And (3) the water reducing agent and the first binder are dry powder so that the mixture can be stirred uniformly, namely the mixture in the step B1 is anhydrous powder, and the water is added into the mixture in the step B2 to prepare slurry.
The smooth light aggregate concrete panel of surfacing, the granule internal adsorption nanometer ferroferric oxide through initial light aggregate makes the light aggregate of taking magnetism earlier, and the guiding action of rethread magnetic means makes the light aggregate of taking magnetism distributes the bottom of panel main part to avoid appearing the light aggregate come-up phenomenon, ensure the top surface of panel main part is levelly and smoothly smooth, the subsequent panel surface decoration of being convenient for is handled.
The preparation method of the light aggregate concrete plate with the smooth and flat surface comprises the steps of distributing the light aggregate with magnetism at the bottom of the plate main body through the vibration effect and the magnetic force effect of the magnetic vibration table, so that the floating phenomenon of the light aggregate is avoided, the top surface of the light aggregate concrete plate with the smooth and flat surface is ensured to be smooth and flat, and the subsequent plate surface decoration treatment is facilitated. Avoid the lightweight aggregate come the come-up through the mode that makes initial lightweight aggregate take magnetism, compare with the current mode that makes thick liquids become thick through reducing the water yield, the smooth lightweight aggregate concrete panel of surfacing need not to reduce the water yield, need not to increase the quantity of initial lightweight aggregate, and lightweight aggregate concrete panel still can keep low density, and is more environmental protection, reduction in manufacturing cost.
Drawings
The drawings are further illustrative of the invention and the content of the drawings does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lightweight aggregate concrete slab with a smooth and even surface according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: a plate main body 1; magnetic lightweight aggregate 2; it should be noted that the magnetic lightweight aggregate 2 in fig. 1 may be not only a sphere but also an irregular body, and the shape of the magnetic lightweight aggregate 2 is not limited.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example 1
The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a slab body 1 and a lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism, the lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism is distributed at the bottom of the slab body 1 by the guiding action of a magnetic device, and the preparation process is as follows:
A. preparing the light aggregate with magnetism 2
Step A1, mixing and stirring 5% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3% of thermosetting water-based acrylic resin and 89% of water according to mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 800rpm, and homogenizing the mixture into a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide with the particle size of 10nm into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times mode, then performing ultrasonic dispersion under 40KHz and 100W, continuously stirring for 1 hour at the stirring speed of 600rpm to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 1 mol/L;
step A3, mixing 10% of initial lightweight aggregate and 90% of second solution according to the mass percentage, stirring for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 200rpm to obtain a first mixture, wherein the initial lightweight aggregate is perlite;
step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the residual solid, drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant, and obtaining the magnetic light aggregate 2;
B. preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete plate
Step B1, stirring 40% of Portland cement, 10% of the light aggregate with magnetism 2, 20% of quartz powder with 325 meshes, 0.15% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.15% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 700 rpm;
step B2, adding 29.7 percent by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 1000rpm to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 120 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 24 hours, then removing the mold and curing to obtain the lightweight aggregate concrete plate.
Example 2
The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a slab body 1 and a lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism, the lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism is distributed at the bottom of the slab body 1 by the guiding action of a magnetic device, and the preparation process is as follows:
A. preparing the light aggregate with magnetism 2
Step A1, mixing and stirring 2% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4% of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1% of thermosetting water-based acrylic resin and 93% of water according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 700rpm, and homogenizing the mixture to form a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide with the particle size of 50nm into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times mode, then performing ultrasonic dispersion under 30KHz and 150W, continuously stirring for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 400rpm to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.5 mol/L;
step A3, mixing 5% of initial lightweight aggregate and 95% of second solution according to the mass percentage, stirring for 30 hours at the stirring speed of 400rpm to obtain a first mixture, wherein the initial lightweight aggregate is floating beads;
step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the residual solid, drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant, and obtaining the magnetic light aggregate 2;
B. preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete plate
Step B1, stirring 48% of sulfate cement, 17% of the light aggregate with magnetism, 2% of 300-mesh quartz powder, 0.05% of naphthalene water reducer and 0.05% of hydroxyethyl methyl fiber into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 600 rpm;
step B2, adding 24.9 mass percent of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 700rpm to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 60 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 17 hours, and then removing the mold for curing to obtain the lightweight aggregate concrete plate.
Example 3
The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a slab body 1 and a lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism, the lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism is distributed at the bottom of the slab body 1 by the guiding action of a magnetic device, and the preparation process is as follows:
A. preparing the light aggregate with magnetism 2
Step A1, mixing and stirring 1% of hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, 1% of water glass, 2% of thermosetting water-based acrylic resin and 96% of water according to mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 400rpm, and homogenizing the mixture to form a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide with the particle size of 300nm into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times mode, then performing ultrasonic dispersion under 50KHz and 120W, continuously stirring for 15 hours at the stirring speed of 800rpm to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.1 mol/L;
step A3, mixing and stirring 15% of initial lightweight aggregate and 85% of second solution for 48 hours according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 300rpm, and obtaining a first mixture;
step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the residual solid, drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant, and obtaining the magnetic light aggregate 2;
B. preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete plate
Step B1, stirring 34.8% of sulphoaluminate cement, 25% of the light aggregate with magnetism 2, 20% of quartz powder with 350 meshes, 0.10% of calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent and 0.10% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 800 rpm;
step B2, adding 20 percent by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 1400rpm to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 30 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 10 hours, and then removing the mold for curing to obtain the lightweight aggregate concrete plate.
Example 4
The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a slab body 1 and a lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism, the lightweight aggregate 2 with magnetism is distributed at the bottom of the slab body 1 by the guiding action of a magnetic device, and the preparation process is as follows:
A. preparing the light aggregate with magnetism 2
Step A1, mixing and stirring 4% of hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, 5% of water glass, 3% of thermosetting water-based acrylic resin and 88% of water according to mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 600rpm, and homogenizing the mixture into a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide with the particle size of 150nm into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times mode, then performing ultrasonic dispersion under 40KHz and 130W, continuously stirring for 6 hours at the stirring speed of 600rpm to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.3 mol/L;
step A3, mixing 8% of initial lightweight aggregate and 92% of second solution according to the mass percentage, stirring for 40 hours at the stirring speed of 350rpm to obtain a first mixture, wherein the initial lightweight aggregate is ceramsite;
step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the residual solid, drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant, and obtaining the magnetic light aggregate 2;
B. preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete plate
Step B1, stirring 30% of portland cement, 20% of the light aggregate with magnetism 2, 15% of quartz powder with 325 meshes, 0.07% of naphthalene water reducer and 0.13% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 700 rpm;
step B2, adding 34.8 percent by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 900rpm to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 100 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 21 hours, and then removing the mold for curing to obtain the lightweight aggregate concrete plate.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate of the comparative example is as follows:
step C1, stirring 40% of Portland cement, 10% of existing perlite, 20% of 325-mesh quartz powder, 0.15% of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 0.15% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage, wherein the stirring speed is 700 rpm;
step C2, adding 29.7 percent by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step C1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 1000rpm to prepare slurry;
and C3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step C2 into a mould of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 120 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are opened, and then removing the mould for curing to prepare the lightweight aggregate concrete plate.
Comparative example 2
The preparation process of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate of the comparative example is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the granularity of the nano ferroferric oxide is 400 nm.
Comparative example 3
The preparation process of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate of the comparative example is the same as that of the comparative example 1, except that the addition amount of the portland cement is changed to 50.8% and the addition amount of the water is changed to 18.9% according to the mass percentage.
Comparative example 4
The preparation process of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate of the comparative example is the same as that of the comparative example 1, and the difference is that according to the mass percentage, the addition amount of the existing perlite is changed to 20.8 percent, and the addition amount of the water is changed to 18.9 percent.
The lightweight aggregate concrete plates prepared in examples 1 to 4 and the lightweight aggregate concrete plates prepared in comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested: (1) whether the light aggregate floats upwards or not is determined on the surface of the light aggregate concrete plate; (2) whether the surface of the light aggregate concrete plate is flat and smooth or not; the results are shown in Table 1.
And, through the detection, the lightweight aggregate concrete plate of the example 1 is obtained that the flexural strength is 4.21MPa and the density is 1.01g/cm3The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of comparative example 3 had a density of 1.24g/cm3The lightweight aggregate concrete slab of comparative example 4 had a flexural strength of 2.97MPa and a density of 1.0g/cm3. The density was measured using archimedes drainage.
| Examples of the present invention | With or without floating of light aggregate | Surface topography |
| Example 1 | Is free of | Is flat and smooth |
| Example 2 | Is free of | Is flat and smooth |
| Example 3 | Is free of | Is flat and smooth |
| Example 4 | Is free of | Is flat and smooth |
| Comparative example 1 | Is provided with | Roughness and unevenness |
| Comparative example 2 | Is provided with | Roughness and unevenness |
| Comparative example 3 | Is provided with | Roughness and unevenness |
| Comparative example 4 | Is provided with | Roughness and unevenness |
TABLE 1
As can be known from the above table 1, the lightweight aggregate concrete plate prepared in the embodiment 1-4 is doped with the magnetic lightweight aggregate 2 into the raw material of the concrete plate, and the magnetic vibration table has vibration and magnetic force, so that the magnetic lightweight aggregate 2 is distributed at the bottom of the plate main body 1, thereby avoiding the floating phenomenon of the lightweight aggregate, and the surface of the lightweight aggregate concrete plate is smooth and flat, thereby facilitating the subsequent plate surface decoration treatment. The thermosetting water-based acrylic resin is crosslinked and cured at the temperature of 100 ℃, so that the thermosetting water-based acrylic resin serves as a connecting bridge between the nano ferroferric oxide and the initial light aggregate, the nano ferroferric oxide can be better stabilized in the initial light aggregate, and all the initial light aggregate is ensured to be magnetic.
Moreover, the granularity of the nano ferroferric oxide is required to be not more than 300nm, and the nano ferroferric oxide in the range can easily enter the intercommunicating pores of the initial light aggregate; ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the range can block surface holes of the initial light aggregate and cannot enter communicating holes in particles, so that the ferroferric oxide and the initial light aggregate cannot be completely combined, the ferroferric oxide with the particle size larger than the range can be separated from the initial light aggregate under the magnetic action of a magnetic vibration table, namely the initial light aggregate loses magnetism, all the initial light aggregate cannot be distributed at the bottom of the light aggregate concrete plate, the light aggregate floats upwards, and the top surface of the light aggregate concrete plate is uneven.
As can be seen from example 1, comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, in order to prevent the lightweight aggregate from floating upward in the lightweight aggregate concrete slab during the forming process, the amount of water used must be reduced as much as possible, and the lightweight aggregate must be wrapped with slurry in a viscous state. However, a reduction in water consumption means an increase in the density of the material, which is achieved by adding a large amount of lightweight aggregate if a lightweight aggregate concrete panel of low density is to be obtained, which would result in a reduction in the flexural strength of the panel. The preparation method of the invention does not need to reduce water consumption and increase the use amount of the light aggregate, and still enables the prepared light aggregate concrete plate to keep low density, and because the light aggregate with magnetism 2 is distributed at the bottom of the plate main body 1, the light aggregate concrete plate forms a cement paste layer which almost does not contain the light aggregate with magnetism 2, and the cement paste layer greatly enhances the flexural strength of the light aggregate concrete plate.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a smooth light aggregate concrete panel of surfacing which characterized in that: the magnetic lightweight aggregate is distributed at the bottom of the plate main body, and the top surface of the plate main body is flat and smooth;
the light aggregate with magnetism is prepared by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of initial light aggregate, a plurality of communicating holes with nanometer level are arranged inside the particles of the light aggregate with magnetism, and the nano ferroferric oxide is adsorbed in the communicating holes of the light aggregate with magnetism;
the lightweight aggregate concrete plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-50% of cement, 10-20% of quartz powder, 0.05-0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.05-0.15% of first binder, 20-40% of water and 10-25% of light aggregate with magnetism.
2. The lightweight aggregate concrete panel with a smooth surface according to claim 1, wherein: the initial lightweight aggregate is one of perlite, floating beads and ceramsite;
the cement is one of Portland cement, sulfate cement and sulphoaluminate cement;
the particle size of the quartz powder is 300-350 meshes;
the first binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, and is in a dry powder shape;
the water reducing agent is one or more of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, and is in a dry powder shape.
3. A method for preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete slab with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparing light aggregate with magnetism, and preparing the light aggregate with magnetism by adsorbing nano ferroferric oxide inside particles of the initial light aggregate;
B. preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete slab, comprising:
step B1, stirring 30-50% of cement, 10-20% of quartz powder, 0.05-0.15% of water reducing agent, 0.05-0.15% of first binder and 10-25% of light aggregate with magnetism into a uniform mixture according to the mass percentage;
step B2, adding 20-40% by mass of water into the mixture prepared in the step B1 in a small quantity and multiple times manner, and continuously stirring to prepare slurry;
and step B3, pouring the slurry prepared in the step B2 into a mold of a magnetic vibration table, starting the magnetic vibration table, vibrating for 30-120 seconds under the state that the vibration and magnetic force functions are started, stopping vibrating, keeping the magnetic force functions started for 10-24 hours, and then removing the mold for maintenance to prepare the light aggregate concrete plate with the flat and smooth surface.
4. The method for preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete slab with the flat and smooth surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation of the lightweight aggregate with magnetism specifically comprises the following steps:
step A1, mixing and stirring 1-5% of a second binder, 1-5% of a dispersant, 1-3% of a water-based acrylic resin and 87-97% of water according to mass percent, and homogenizing to form a first solution;
step A2, adding nano ferroferric oxide into a first solution in a small quantity and multiple times manner, then performing ultrasonic dispersion, and continuously stirring for 1-24 hours to prepare a uniform second solution, wherein the concentration of the nano ferroferric oxide in the second solution is 0.1-1 mol/L;
step A3, mixing 5-15% of initial lightweight aggregate and 85-95% of the second solution according to mass percentage, and stirring for 24-48 hours to obtain a first mixture;
and step A4, sieving the first mixture, draining until no obvious water drops, taking the sieved solid, and drying at 100 ℃ until the weight is constant to obtain the magnetic light aggregate.
5. The method for preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete slab with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step A2, the particle size of the nano ferroferric oxide is not more than 300 nm;
in the step A3, the initial lightweight aggregate is one of perlite, floating beads and ceramsite.
6. The method for preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete slab with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step a1, the second binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, and the dispersant is one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and water glass.
7. The method for preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete slab with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stirring speed of the step A1 is 400-800 rpm;
the stirring speed of the step A2 is 400-800 rpm, the ultrasonic frequency of the step A2 is 30-50 KHz, and the ultrasonic power of the step A2 is 100-150W;
the stirring speed of the step A3 is 200-400 rpm.
8. The method for preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B1, the cement is one of portland cement, sulfate cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the particle size of the quartz powder is 300-350 meshes.
9. The method for preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B1, the stirring speed is 600-800 rpm; in the step B2, the stirring speed is 700-1400 rpm.
10. The method for preparing a lightweight aggregate concrete plate with a smooth and flat surface as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step B1, the water reducing agent is one or more of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent and a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, and is in a dry powder shape; the first binder is one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl methyl fiber, and is in a dry powder shape.
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| CN112209737B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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