CN112179754A - Loading device for composite material out-of-plane fatigue test - Google Patents

Loading device for composite material out-of-plane fatigue test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112179754A
CN112179754A CN202010998535.8A CN202010998535A CN112179754A CN 112179754 A CN112179754 A CN 112179754A CN 202010998535 A CN202010998535 A CN 202010998535A CN 112179754 A CN112179754 A CN 112179754A
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China
Prior art keywords
loading plate
loading
fixed
plate
composite material
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CN202010998535.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘陆强
王鹏飞
贾炜琰
邱晨
娄程飞
何学武
王晨
杨小平
秦珍蓉
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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China Special Vehicle Research Institute
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Priority to CN202010998535.8A priority Critical patent/CN112179754A/en
Publication of CN112179754A publication Critical patent/CN112179754A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0073—Fatigue

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a loading device for an out-of-plane fatigue test of a composite material, which solves the problem of load application when a flat-type test sample of the composite material bears out-of-plane tensile and compressive fatigue loads and can apply the tensile-compressive fatigue loads. The apparatus includes a loading assembly and a support assembly.

Description

Loading device for composite material out-of-plane fatigue test
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite material sample-level fatigue test devices, and relates to application of an out-of-plane fatigue load of a composite material.
Background
The carbon fiber composite material has the characteristics of high specific strength and specific modulus, and is widely applied to various engineering fields nowadays. Similar to metallic structural members, fatigue damage failure is one of the primary failure modes of composite structural members. At present, the fiber reinforced composite material laminated plate and the sandwich structure have more researches on the in-plane fatigue property, and a large amount of theoretical and experimental experiences exist, but the related experiences and related standards for the out-of-plane (along the thickness direction) load fatigue test are insufficient.
In the prior art, an out-of-plane compression-micro tension fatigue test adopts a test bed with 4 compression springs, but the test method and the test fixture basically mainly adopt compression fatigue and cannot realize complete tension-compression fatigue. In the other method, the out-of-plane fatigue strength of the carbon fiber composite unidirectional plate is obtained by performing a four-point bending fatigue test on an L-shaped carbon fiber reinforced composite unidirectional plate test piece, but the clamp can only apply a compression-compression fatigue load and cannot apply a tension-compression fatigue load.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: a loading device for an out-of-plane fatigue test of a composite material is provided, which solves the problem of load application when a flat-plate type test sample (a laminated plate and a sandwich structure) of the composite material bears out-of-plane tensile and compressive fatigue loads and can apply the tensile-compressive fatigue loads.
The invention takes the composite material flat plate type laminated board and the sandwich structure as main research objects, makes corresponding improvement on the basis of a four-point bending test fixture, and can simultaneously apply tensile-compression load, so that the stress ratio R can reach-1.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: providing a loading device for an out-of-plane fatigue test of a composite material, wherein the loading device comprises a loading assembly and a supporting assembly; the loading assembly comprises two clamping units, and the two clamping units are used for clamping two ends of the composite material test piece respectively; the two clamping units are connected with an upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end;
the supporting assembly comprises two supporting units, the two supporting units are used for clamping the end parts of the composite material test piece respectively, and the two supporting units are positioned on one sides of the two clamping units, which are far away from the middle part of the composite material test piece; the two supporting units are connected with a lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through supporting ends.
Optionally, the clamping unit comprises a first movable loading plate 30 and a first fixed loading plate 40; two ends of the first movable loading plate 30 are correspondingly and respectively connected with two ends of the first fixed loading plate 40 through bolts; the first movable loading plate 30 is connected with the upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end.
Optionally, the clamping unit further comprises a first L-shaped gusset 70; the two first L-shaped corner pieces 70 connected to both ends of the first movable loading plate 30 are connected to the two first L-shaped corner pieces 70 connected to both ends of the first fixed loading plate 40 by bolts.
Optionally, a boss is arranged at the lower end of the first movable loading plate 30, and a groove is arranged at the upper end of the first fixed loading plate 40; during the test loading process, the composite test piece is clamped between the groove of the first fixed loading plate 40 and the boss of the first movable loading plate 30, and the boss can be displaced in the groove.
Optionally, the loading end comprises a first fixed base plate 20 and a first connecting rod 10 which are fixedly connected; the upper end of the first movable loading plate 30 is fixedly connected with the first fixed bottom plate 20, and the first connecting rod 10 is connected with the upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine.
Optionally, the supporting unit comprises a second movable loading plate 31 and a second fixed loading plate 41; two ends of the second movable loading plate 31 and the second fixed loading plate 41 are correspondingly and respectively connected through bolts; the second fixed loading plate 41 is connected with the lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a supporting end.
Optionally, the supporting unit further includes a second L-shaped corner piece 71 and a limiting block 5; the bolt 8 is matched with the limiting block 5 and is used for connecting two second L-shaped angle pieces 71 fixedly connected with two ends of the second movable loading plate 31 and two second L-shaped angle pieces 71 fixedly connected with two ends of the second fixed loading plate 41.
Optionally, the supporting unit further comprises a limit baffle 6; the second fixed loading plate 41 is fixedly connected with the limiting baffle 6, and the limiting baffle 6 is located on the end face of the composite material test piece and used for limiting the composite material test piece in the loading process.
Optionally, a groove is formed at the lower end of the second movable loading plate 31, and a boss is formed at the upper end of the second fixed loading plate 41; during the test loading process, the composite material test piece is clamped between the groove at the lower end of the second movable loading plate 31 and the boss at the upper end of the second fixed loading plate 41.
Optionally, the support end comprises a second fixed bottom plate 21 and a second connecting rod 11 which are fixedly connected; the lower end of the second fixed loading plate 41 is fixedly connected with the second fixed bottom plate 21, and the second connecting rod 11 is connected with the lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the tension-compression load can be applied simultaneously, the defect that the traditional method can only carry out ballast or micro tension load is overcome, the real tension-compression load is applied simultaneously, and the stress ratio R can reach-1.
The ratio of the loading span to the supporting span is adjustable, so that the ratio of the loading span to the supporting span is adjustable, for example, the ratio has two ratios of 1:2 and 1:3, which are also the two ratios most commonly used in the experiments.
The baffle is arranged on the device, so that automatic centering can be realized, and the centering problem of the traditional four-point bending clamp is reduced.
Samples with different thicknesses, widths and lengths can all use the device; by changing the size of the limiting block and the loading block and the length of the fixed bottom plate, the out-of-plane fatigue load of samples with different thicknesses, widths and lengths can be applied.
Good stability and high loading frequency: the device has good stability, can realize that the loading frequency reaches 5HZ, greatly improves the test speed and reduces the test period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a loading device;
FIG. 2 is a load block assembly diagram.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In this embodiment, a loading device for an out-of-plane fatigue test of a composite material is provided, where the loading device includes a loading assembly and a supporting assembly; the loading assembly comprises two clamping units, and the two clamping units are used for clamping two ends of the composite material test piece respectively; the two clamping units are connected with an upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end;
the supporting assembly comprises two supporting units, the two supporting units are used for clamping the end parts of the composite material test piece respectively, and the two supporting units are positioned on one sides of the two clamping units, which are far away from the middle part of the composite material test piece; the two supporting units are connected with a lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through supporting ends.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, each constituent unit is described in detail as follows:
the clamping unit comprises a first movable loading plate 30 and a first fixed loading plate 40; two ends of the first movable loading plate 30 are correspondingly and respectively connected with two ends of the first fixed loading plate 40 through bolts; the first movable loading plate 30 is connected with the upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end. Further, a first L-shaped corner piece 70 is also included; the two first L-shaped corner pieces 70 connected to both ends of the first movable loading plate 30 are connected to the two first L-shaped corner pieces 70 connected to both ends of the first fixed loading plate 40 by bolts. The loading end comprises a first fixed bottom plate 20 and a first connecting rod 10 which are fixedly connected; the upper end of the first movable loading plate 30 is fixedly connected with the first fixed bottom plate 20, and the first connecting rod 10 is connected with the upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine. The first movable loading plate 30 may be installed at different hole locations on the first stationary base plate 20 according to a ratio of the loading span to the supporting span, and the first connecting rod 10 may be connected to the fatigue testing machine. The flange end face of the first connecting rod 10 is locked to ensure the installation fastening.
In this embodiment, a boss is disposed at the lower end of the first movable loading plate 30, and a groove is disposed at the upper end of the first fixed loading plate 40; during the test loading process, the composite test piece is clamped between the groove of the first fixed loading plate 40 and the boss of the first movable loading plate 30, and the boss can be displaced in the groove.
The supporting unit comprises a second movable loading plate 31 and a second fixed loading plate 41; two ends of the second movable loading plate 31 and the second fixed loading plate 41 are correspondingly and respectively connected through bolts; the second fixed loading plate 41 is connected with the lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a supporting end. Further, the device also comprises a second L-shaped angle piece 71 and a limiting block 5; the bolt 8 is matched with the limiting block 5 and is used for connecting two second L-shaped angle pieces 71 fixedly connected with two ends of the second movable loading plate 31 and two second L-shaped angle pieces 71 fixedly connected with two ends of the second fixed loading plate 41. The specific matching mode can be as follows: the bolt 8 passes through the limiting block 5 and is connected with two second L-shaped angle pieces 71 at two ends of the bolt.
The supporting end comprises a second fixed bottom plate 21 and a second connecting rod 11 which are fixedly connected; the lower end of the second fixed loading plate 41 is fixedly connected with the second fixed bottom plate 21, and the second connecting rod 11 is connected with the lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine.
In addition, the second fixed loading plate 41 is fixedly connected with the limiting baffle 6, and the limiting baffle 6 is located on the end face of the composite material test piece and used for limiting the composite material test piece in the loading process.
In this embodiment, during the test loading process, the composite test piece is clamped between the groove at the lower end of the second movable loading plate 31 and the boss at the upper end of the second fixed loading plate 41. The second movable loading plate 31 is closer to the end of the composite test piece than the first movable loading plate 30, that is, the second movable loading plate 31 is located on the side of the first movable loading plate 30 away from the middle of the composite test piece.
The loading device provided by the embodiment is successfully applied to the test of the out-of-plane fatigue strength of the composite material laminated plate and the sandwich structure, and can be applied to a test piece with impact damage, the test loading frequency can reach 5HZ, the test speed is greatly improved, and the test period is shortened. The device is verified in four-point bending static force and fatigue tests of the metal plate, and the accuracy of centering and the test precision are greatly improved. The device verifies the bearing capacity and the loading stability of various typical connecting pieces in various tests.

Claims (10)

1. The loading device for the out-of-plane fatigue test of the composite material is characterized by comprising a loading assembly and a supporting assembly; the loading assembly comprises two clamping units, and the two clamping units are used for clamping two ends of the composite material test piece respectively; the two clamping units are connected with an upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end;
the supporting assembly comprises two supporting units, the two supporting units are used for clamping the end parts of the composite material test piece respectively, and the two supporting units are positioned on one sides of the two clamping units, which are far away from the middle part of the composite material test piece; the two supporting units are connected with a lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through supporting ends.
2. The loading device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping unit comprises a first movable loading plate (30) and a first fixed loading plate (40); two ends of the first movable loading plate (30) are correspondingly connected with two ends of the first fixed loading plate (40) through bolts respectively; the first movable loading plate (30) is connected with an upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a loading end.
3. The loading device according to claim 2, wherein the clamping unit further comprises a first L-shaped corner piece (70); two first L-shaped angle pieces (70) connected with two ends of the first movable loading plate (30) are connected with two first L-shaped angle pieces (70) connected with two ends of the first fixed loading plate (40) through bolts.
4. The loading device according to claim 3, wherein the lower end of the first movable loading plate (30) is provided with a boss, and the upper end of the first fixed loading plate (40) is provided with a groove; during the test loading process, the composite material test piece is clamped between the groove of the first fixed loading plate (40) and the boss of the first movable loading plate (30), and the boss can displace in the groove.
5. The loading device according to claim 4, wherein the loading end comprises a first fixed base plate (20) and a first connecting rod (10) fixedly connected; the upper end of the first movable loading plate (30) is fixedly connected with the first fixed bottom plate (20), and the first connecting rod (10) is connected with an upper chuck of the fatigue testing machine.
6. The loading device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting unit comprises a second movable loading plate (31) and a second fixed loading plate (41); two ends of the second movable loading plate (31) and two ends of the second fixed loading plate (41) are correspondingly and respectively connected through bolts; the second fixed loading plate (41)) is connected with a lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine through a supporting end.
7. The loading device according to claim 6, wherein the supporting unit further comprises a second L-shaped corner piece (71) and a limiting block (5); the bolt (8) is matched with the limiting block (5) and is used for connecting two second L-shaped angle pieces (71) fixedly connected with two ends of the second movable loading plate (31) with two second L-shaped angle pieces (71) fixedly connected with two ends of the second fixed loading plate (41).
8. The loading device according to claim 7, wherein the supporting unit further comprises a limit stop (6); and the second fixed loading plate (41) is fixedly connected with a limiting baffle (6), and the limiting baffle (6) is positioned on the end surface of the composite material test piece and used for limiting the composite material test piece in the loading process.
9. The loading device according to claim 7, wherein the lower end of the second movable loading plate (31) is provided with a groove, and the upper end of the second fixed loading plate (41) is provided with a boss; in the test loading process, the composite material test piece is clamped between the groove at the lower end of the second movable loading plate (31) and the boss at the upper end of the second fixed loading plate (41).
10. A loading unit according to claim 9, wherein the support end comprises a second fixed base plate (21) and a second connecting rod (11) fixedly connected; the lower end of the second fixed loading plate (41) is fixedly connected with the second fixed bottom plate (21), and the second connecting rod (11) is connected with the lower chuck of the fatigue testing machine.
CN202010998535.8A 2020-09-22 2020-09-22 Loading device for composite material out-of-plane fatigue test Pending CN112179754A (en)

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CN202010998535.8A CN112179754A (en) 2020-09-22 2020-09-22 Loading device for composite material out-of-plane fatigue test

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115420594A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-12-02 江苏集萃碳纤维及复合材料应用技术研究院有限公司 Composite material laminated plate compression test clamp

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101113944A (en) * 2007-07-20 2008-01-30 北京工业大学 Thin sheets pre-tighten positioning clamping device
CN101446530A (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-06-03 徐成海 Bottom-top clamping tool set fixture for machining sheet tension test sample
CN103760037A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 湖南大学 Bearing-type damage biomechanic three-point bending test device and bearing-type damage biomechanic three-point bending method
CN104359758A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-02-18 南京理工大学 Chuck device for tensile test of thin film material
CN204461885U (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-07-08 西北民族大学 Fixture
CN104777033A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-15 西北工业大学 Four-point bending fatigue test clamp
CN105527157A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-04-27 北京航空航天大学 Rapid-assembling and dissembling split clamp used for fatigue test
CN107631926A (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-26 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 Repeated compression test device after a kind of composite-material laminates impact
CN107764673A (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-06 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 A kind of biaxial stress fatigue experimental device and test method
CN107917844A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-04-17 天津工业大学 A kind of 3 points of composite material, four-point bending fatigue universal test fixture
CN108871943A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-23 张子阳 Tabula rasa part real-time monitoring tensile test fixture
CN210375936U (en) * 2019-08-08 2020-04-21 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Special U-shaped bending pressure head for stress corrosion test

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101113944A (en) * 2007-07-20 2008-01-30 北京工业大学 Thin sheets pre-tighten positioning clamping device
CN101446530A (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-06-03 徐成海 Bottom-top clamping tool set fixture for machining sheet tension test sample
CN103760037A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 湖南大学 Bearing-type damage biomechanic three-point bending test device and bearing-type damage biomechanic three-point bending method
CN104359758A (en) * 2014-11-19 2015-02-18 南京理工大学 Chuck device for tensile test of thin film material
CN204461885U (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-07-08 西北民族大学 Fixture
CN104777033A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-15 西北工业大学 Four-point bending fatigue test clamp
CN105527157A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-04-27 北京航空航天大学 Rapid-assembling and dissembling split clamp used for fatigue test
CN107764673A (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-06 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 A kind of biaxial stress fatigue experimental device and test method
CN107631926A (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-26 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 Repeated compression test device after a kind of composite-material laminates impact
CN107917844A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-04-17 天津工业大学 A kind of 3 points of composite material, four-point bending fatigue universal test fixture
CN108871943A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-23 张子阳 Tabula rasa part real-time monitoring tensile test fixture
CN210375936U (en) * 2019-08-08 2020-04-21 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Special U-shaped bending pressure head for stress corrosion test

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115420594A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-12-02 江苏集萃碳纤维及复合材料应用技术研究院有限公司 Composite material laminated plate compression test clamp

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