CN112179154A - Two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat - Google Patents
Two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN112179154A CN112179154A CN202011015826.7A CN202011015826A CN112179154A CN 112179154 A CN112179154 A CN 112179154A CN 202011015826 A CN202011015826 A CN 202011015826A CN 112179154 A CN112179154 A CN 112179154A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/007—Systems for reclaiming waste heat including regenerators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention relates to a two-stage phase change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat, which is characterized in that waste heat in flue gas generated in a metallurgical process is recovered and stored by using a phase change energy storage material; the device comprises a flue gas introducing device, a heat preservation flue gas channel, a first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery and storage unit, a second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery and storage unit, a smoke exhaust tower and a control system. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for the metallurgical flue gas waste heat fully utilizes the phase-change energy storage material, and the preheating of the metallurgical flue gas is recycled in a grading manner, so that the stable and continuous heat recovery is realized; the arrangement of the fixed tower type and the container type phase change energy storage unit can realize the nearby use of fixed energy, the recovered energy can be transferred and flexibly used, the maximum recovery of heat in flue gas is ensured, the energy waste is controlled to be minimum, and the utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy recycling in metallurgical industry, in particular to a two-stage phase-change recycling and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat.
Background
With the development demand of industry and the deepening of the concepts of energy conservation, environmental protection, low consumption and high efficiency, more and more metallurgical enterprises begin to pay attention to the recovery and high-efficiency utilization of resources, so the problem of the recovery and utilization of secondary energy in the metallurgical process becomes the key point of attention of the enterprises. The flue gas is used as a main process product in the metallurgical process, contains abundant waste heat resources and has huge recyclability.
Although many enterprises have started to use flue gas recycling devices and introduced corresponding process flows, the difference from the international advanced level is still large due to late start, immature technology and the like. For example, the recovery rate of the flue gas waste heat resources in Japan and other countries can reach more than 90%, but China only has 40% -50%, and most of the recovered flue gas waste heat resources are low-pressure steam and medium-low temperature hot water, so that the recovery rate of the resources is not high.
At present, the high-efficiency utilization of the flue gas waste heat in the metallurgy field generally has the following two ideas: the first is to directly bring the residual heat of the flue gas back to the production process; and the other method is to utilize the conventional steam Rankine cycle to generate power, so that the intermediate-level energy heat energy of the high-temperature flue gas is converted into high-level energy electric energy. Aiming at the thought and different metallurgical processes, a vaporization cooling method, a flue gas waste heat steam production technology, an electric furnace flue gas waste steel preheating technology, a heat pipe waste heat utilization technology and the like are derived. The technical methods have certain advantages in specific aspects and are applied to part of metallurgical enterprises, but long-time practice shows that the methods have the defects of low energy utilization rate, waste caused by difficult utilization of medium-low-quality waste heat resources, incapability of storing collected heat for later use and the like. Therefore, how to develop a flue gas recycling device with low energy consumption, high efficiency and storage capability is still an important problem to be overcome by the current metallurgical enterprises.
The phase change energy storage material has the unique advantages that energy can be stored, the stored energy can be used in other places when needed in the future, the defects of the flue gas waste heat utilization method are overcome, the energy utilization is temporal and spatial while the efficiency is high and the consumption is low, the limitation of the traditional method is solved, and the phase change energy storage material is one of the preferable methods for realizing green and environment-friendly production of metallurgical enterprises in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the energy utilization rate of metallurgical flue gas heat recovery is low, medium-low-quality waste heat resources are difficult to utilize and are wasted, and the collected heat cannot be stored for later use.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat comprises a flue gas introduction device, a heat-preservation flue gas channel, a first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a smoke exhaust tower and a control system; phase change energy storage materials with different phase change temperatures are filled in the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit and the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the flue gas introducing device introduces metallurgical flue gas into the heat-preservation flue gas channel;
the heat-preservation flue gas channel connects the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit and the smoke exhaust tower;
the smoke exhaust tower is used for purifying and discharging smoke which finishes waste heat recovery.
According to the invention, the smoke gas introducing device is internally provided with a one-way blower unit.
According to the invention, the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit comprises a fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit and a container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit, wherein the fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit and the container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit are connected in parallel and then connected with the second-stage low-temperature phase change energy storage unit.
According to the invention, the fixed tower type intermediate temperature phase change energy storage unit comprises a cylindrical shell, a flue gas channel, a water pipe and an intermediate temperature phase change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is aluminum-tin alloy, and the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is 230 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material.
According to the invention, the container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit comprises a cuboid shell, a smoke channel, a water pipe and a medium-temperature phase change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the phase change energy storage material is packaged in the cuboid shell;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is aluminum-tin alloy, and the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is 230 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material.
According to the invention, the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is a fixed tower type low-temperature phase change energy storage unit and comprises a cylindrical shell, a flue gas channel, a water pipe and a low-temperature phase change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell;
the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is crystalline hydrated salt, and the phase change temperature of the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is 30-100 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the low-temperature phase change energy storage material.
According to the invention, the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit is immovable, and the container type phase change energy storage unit can move.
According to the invention, the control system comprises a temperature detection device, a control switch and a controller;
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the metallurgical flue gas flowing out of the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the control switch is used for controlling the trend of the metallurgical flue gas and comprises a first control switch and a second control switch;
the first control switch controls the metallurgical flue gas to directly flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat-preservation flue gas channel; the second control switch controls the metallurgical flue gas to flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat recovery devices at all levels;
the controller receives a temperature signal transmitted by the temperature detection device, and then the control of the opening and closing of the first control switch and the second control switch is realized.
According to the invention, the heat recovered and stored by the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is used for heating cooling water in a water pipe to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is used for generating power; the heat collected by the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is used for heating cooling water to obtain domestic water.
According to the invention, the heat-insulating smoke channel is externally wrapped with a heat-insulating material; the outer surface of each phase change energy storage unit is also wrapped with a heat insulation material.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for the metallurgical flue gas waste heat provided by the invention is used for recovering and storing the medium-temperature steel flue gas and the low-temperature steel flue gas in multiple stages by using the phase-change energy storage materials with different attributes, and aims to fundamentally break the limitation that heat can be taken and used at the same time, so that the efficient matching utilization of the heat in time and space is realized.
According to the two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for the metallurgical flue gas waste heat, the phase-change energy storage materials are utilized for multiple stages, the phase-change energy storage materials with different eutectic temperatures are respectively used for recovering and storing heat in the metallurgical flue gas, the characteristic that the phase-change energy storage materials are not limited in time and space during storage is fully utilized, and the advantage of the phase-change energy storage materials in energy utilization is maximized. The device carries out graded recovery with the heat of metallurgical flue gas, has realized heat recovery's stable continuous. The arrangement of the fixed tower type and the container type phase change energy storage unit can realize the nearby use of fixed energy, the recovered energy can be transferred and flexibly used, the maximum recovery of heat in the flue gas is ensured, the energy waste is controlled to be minimum, the utilization efficiency of energy is improved, and the waste problem of the flue gas waste heat is better solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of a fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an internal water pipeline of the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a flue gas channel inside a fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the container type phase change energy storage unit;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an internal water pipeline of the container type phase change energy storage unit;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of a flue gas channel inside the container type phase change energy storage unit.
[ reference numerals ]
1: a flue gas introduction device;
2: a heat-insulating flue gas channel;
3: fixing a tower type phase change energy storage unit;
4: a container type phase change energy storage unit;
5: a second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
6: a temperature detection device;
7: a fume extractor;
8: a water pipe inlet;
9: an outlet of the water pipe;
10: controlling a first switch;
11: a second control switch;
12: fixing a water pipe in the tower type phase change energy storage unit;
13: a flue gas channel of the tower type phase change energy storage unit is fixed;
14: a water pipe in the container type phase change energy storage unit;
15: flue gas passageway of container formula phase change energy storage unit.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The phase-change energy storage technology aims at absorbing or releasing a large amount of latent heat by utilizing phase-change energy storage materials including inorganic salts, organic non-metals, alloys and the like in the process of isothermal phase-change so as to realize the storage and utilization of heat. The phase change energy storage material has higher energy storage density: the heat storage capacity of each unit volume is 5-14 times of that of sensible heat storage, and the phase change energy storage material also has the special advantages of stable energy transmission process, easy matching with an operation system and the like, and is widely applied to the field of heat energy storage and conversion.
This application is used for retrieving the waste heat of metallurgical flue gas with phase change energy storage material, can get up heat energy storage when phase change energy storage material takes place the phase transition to release the energy of storage again when needing. Because the phase change energy storage material can maintain the temperature constant in the phase change process, the system is very stable in the heat absorption or heat release process, and the research and the utilization are convenient.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat, which comprises a flue gas introduction device 1, a heat preservation flue gas channel 2, a first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a smoke exhaust tower 7 and a control system; the metallurgical flue gas inlet section is connected with the tail end of a metallurgical process for generating high-temperature flue gas; phase change energy storage materials with different phase change temperatures are filled in the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit and the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the flue gas introducing device 1 unidirectionally and rapidly introduces metallurgical flue gas into the heat-preservation flue gas channel 2;
the heat preservation flue gas channel 2 is connected with the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit, the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit and the smoke exhaust tower, and the concrete expression is as follows: the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit and the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit are connected with the heat preservation flue gas channel 2, and the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is connected with the smoke exhaust tower 7 through the heat preservation flue gas channel 2.
And a purification device is arranged in the smoke exhaust tower 7 and is used for purifying and discharging smoke for completing waste heat recovery, so that the direct discharge of metallurgical smoke to cause pollution to the atmosphere is prevented.
Further, the flue gas introducing device 1 is internally provided with a one-way blower unit, and the blower is preferably a medium-voltage variable-frequency control blower.
The first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is divided into two parts, namely a fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit 3 and a container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit 4, wherein the fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit 3 and the container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit 4 are connected in parallel and then connected with the second-stage low-temperature phase change energy storage unit 5.
The fixed tower type medium temperature phase change energy storage unit 3 comprises a cylindrical shell, a flue gas channel 13, a water pipe 12 and a phase change energy storage material. As shown in fig. 4, it is a sectional view of a flue gas channel inside a fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit: the flue gas channel 13 of the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and gathered with the heat preservation flue gas channel 2 at two ends. The phase change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell; the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the phase change energy storage material. Preferably, the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is an aluminum-tin alloy, the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is 230 ℃, and heat above 230 ℃ can be well recycled and stored. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, which are top views of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit and cross-sectional views of the water pipeline inside the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit, respectively.
The container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit 4 comprises a cuboid shell, a smoke channel, a water pipe and a medium-temperature phase change energy storage material. As shown in fig. 7, it is a sectional view of the flue gas channel inside the container type phase change energy storage unit: flue gas passageway 15 of container formula phase change energy storage unit includes many, its distribute parallelly in the shell, and at both ends with heat preservation flue gas passageway 2 gathers. The medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is packaged in the cuboid shell, and the water pipe is wound in a zigzag manner and inserted into the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material. Similarly, the phase-change energy storage material is preferably an aluminum-tin alloy, the phase-change temperature of the aluminum-tin alloy is 230 ℃, and the aluminum-tin alloy can well recover and store heat above 230 ℃. Trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Ni and Ti can also be added into the aluminum-tin alloy so as to improve the stability of the medium-temperature phase change energy storage material system and enhance the oxidation resistance. As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, they are top and bottom plan views of the container type phase change energy storage unit and cross-sectional views of the water pipeline inside the container type phase change energy storage unit.
The second-stage low-temperature thermal energy phase change recovery storage unit is also a fixed tower type low-temperature phase change energy storage unit, and the specific structure thereof is the same as that of fig. 2 and 3, and is not repeated herein. The fixed tower type low-temperature phase change energy storage unit comprises a cylindrical shell, a flue gas channel, a water pipe and a low-temperature phase change energy storage material; the flue gas passageway includes many, its distribute parallelly in the shell, and at both ends with heat preservation flue gas passageway gathers. The phase-change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell, and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the phase-change energy storage material; the phase change energy storage material is preferably crystalline hydrated salt, the phase change temperature is 30-100 ℃, and the phase change energy storage material can effectively recover and store low-temperature smoke heat. The crystalline hydrated salt may be selected from MgCl2·6H2O、Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、CaCl2·6H2And one or more of O.
Furthermore, the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit is immovable, and the container type phase change energy storage unit can be moved.
The control system comprises a temperature detection device 6, a control switch and a controller;
the temperature detection device 6 is used for detecting the temperature of the metallurgical flue gas flowing out of the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the control switch is used for controlling the trend of the metallurgical flue gas and comprises a first control switch 10 and a second control switch 11;
the control switch I10 controls the metallurgical flue gas to directly flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat-preservation flue gas channel; the second control switch 11 controls the metallurgical flue gas to flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat recovery devices at all levels;
the controller receives a temperature signal transmitted by the temperature detection device, and then the first control switch 10 and the second control switch 11 are controlled to be turned on and off.
Further, the heat-insulating smoke channel is wrapped with a heat-insulating material; the outer surface of each phase change energy storage unit is also wrapped with a heat insulation material, and the heat insulation material is heat insulation rock wool and is used for preventing heat from being dissipated.
When the two-stage phase change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat operates, a large amount of flue gas generated by the upper-stage metallurgical device is guided into the heat preservation flue gas channel 2 by the one-way blower unit in the flue gas introduction device 1 and then is sent to the control switch. The control switch is responsible for controlling the trend of the flue gas: the first control switch 10 is directly communicated with the smoke exhaust tower, and the second control switch 11 is connected with the heat recovery storage device and further communicated with the smoke exhaust tower 7. The initial state of the control switch is that the first control switch 10 is closed, the second control switch 11 is opened, the introduced metallurgical flue gas enters the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit through the second control switch 11 to recover and store the flue gas waste heat, then the preheating recovery and storage are carried out in the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit, and the flue gas is purified and discharged through the smoke exhaust tower after the preheating recovery is finished.
The first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is divided into two parts, namely a fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit and a container type phase change energy storage unit which are connected in parallel. After passing through the second control switch 11, metallurgical flue gas flows into a flue gas channel 13 in the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit and a flue gas channel 15 in the container type phase change energy storage unit respectively, and the metallurgical flue gas and the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit and the phase change energy storage unit packaged in the container type phase change energy storage unit perform sufficient heat exchange, so that heat is recovered and stored. Aluminum-tin alloy is packaged in the two energy storage units, and the material can be used for carrying out good heat recovery and constant-temperature storage on incoming flow medium-temperature smoke. When the stored energy is to be utilized, cooling water is introduced into a water pipe 12 in the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit or a water pipe 13 in the container type phase change energy storage unit from a water pipe inlet 8, the cooling water in the water pipe and the phase change energy storage material are subjected to sufficient heat exchange to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is led out from a water pipe outlet 9 to generate electricity. It is worth emphasizing that the container type phase change energy storage unit has mobility, so that the stored energy can be used in a transfer mode.
The second level of the two-level recovery and storage device for the waste heat of the metallurgical flue gas is a second-level low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery and storage unit, the metallurgical flue gas flowing through the second-level low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery and storage unit completes the previous-level heat recovery process, the heat preservation flue gas channel is conveyed to directly enter the flue gas channel in the fixed tower type phase change energy storage unit, and the heat recovery and energy storage process of the second level is started. The crystalline hydrated salt phase change energy storage material is packaged in the stage unit, so that low-temperature heat in the flue gas can be fully recovered and stored. The method for using the stored energy by the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery storage unit is the same as that of the first stage, so that the metallurgical flue gas and the phase-change energy storage material are subjected to sufficient heat exchange; the difference is that the temperature of the heat stored in the stage is low, so that the cooling water cannot be superheated into steam, and the energy storage unit is a fixed tower type, so that the heat is selected to be utilized nearby in a hot water mode.
The metallurgical flue gas which finishes two-stage heat recovery enters a temperature detection device 6, the device can detect the temperature of incoming flow gas, the obtained temperature information is converted into an electric signal through a thermocouple temperature sensor in the device and is transmitted to a controller, and the controller finishes the control of a first control switch 10 and a second control switch 11. When the temperature of the metallurgical flue gas reaching the temperature monitoring device 6 is lower than 50 ℃, the preheating, recovery and storage processes of the two-stage metallurgical flue gas are relatively smooth, the controller enables the first control switch 10 to be closed, the second control switch 11 to be opened, and the heat recovery process of the whole device is normally carried out; if the temperature of the metallurgical flue gas reaching the temperature monitoring device 6 is higher than 50-100 ℃ or the gas temperature cannot be detected, it is indicated that the two-stage phase change recovery and storage device for the metallurgical flue gas waste heat does not achieve sufficient waste heat recovery, and part of phase change energy storage units in the device reach the energy storage limit or the pipeline is blocked. At the moment, the control device is controlled to enable the first control switch 10 to be opened, the second control switch 11 to be closed, and the metallurgical flue gas sucked by the flue gas introducing device 1 directly passes through the first control switch and then enters the heat-preservation flue gas channel to further flow into the smoke exhaust tower 7 for purification and emission.
It should be noted that, after the whole device works for a period of time, each phase change energy storage unit should be checked in time to prevent the phase change energy storage material from reaching the energy storage limit and causing the phenomenon of incapability of working; at the same time, the timely utilization of the recovered and stored energy should be noticed, and the energy storage unit is prevented from reaching the limit.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A two-stage phase-change recovery and storage device for metallurgical flue gas waste heat is characterized by comprising a flue gas introduction device, a heat preservation flue gas channel, a first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, a smoke exhaust tower and a control system; phase change energy storage materials with different phase change temperatures are filled in the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit and the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the flue gas introducing device introduces metallurgical flue gas into the heat-preservation flue gas channel;
the heat-preservation flue gas channel connects the first-stage medium-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit, the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase-change recovery and storage unit and the smoke exhaust tower;
the smoke exhaust tower is used for purifying and discharging smoke which finishes waste heat recovery.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fume gas introducing means incorporates a unidirectional blower assembly.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first stage medium-temperature thermal energy phase change recovery storage unit comprises a fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit and a container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit, and the fixed tower type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit and the container type medium-temperature phase change energy storage unit are connected in parallel and then connected with the second stage low-temperature phase change energy storage unit.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the fixed tower type medium-temperature phase-change energy storage unit comprises a cylindrical shell, a flue gas channel, a water pipe and a medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is aluminum-tin alloy, and the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is 230 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material.
5. The device of claim 3, wherein the container type medium-temperature phase-change energy storage unit comprises a cuboid shell, a smoke channel, a water pipe and a medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the phase change energy storage material is packaged in the cuboid shell;
the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is aluminum-tin alloy, and the phase-change temperature of the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material is 230 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the medium-temperature phase-change energy storage material.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the second-stage low-temperature thermal energy phase change recovery storage unit is a fixed tower type low-temperature phase change energy storage unit which comprises a cylinder shell, a flue gas channel, a water pipe and a low-temperature phase change energy storage material;
the flue gas channel comprises a plurality of flue gas channels which are distributed in the shell in parallel and are gathered with the heat-preservation flue gas channel at two ends;
the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is packaged in the cylindrical shell;
the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is crystalline hydrated salt, and the phase change temperature of the low-temperature phase change energy storage material is 30-100 ℃;
and the water pipe is coiled in a zigzag manner and is inserted into the low-temperature phase change energy storage material.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the stationary tower-type phase change energy storage unit is immovable and the container-type phase change energy storage unit is movable.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a temperature sensing device, a control switch, and a controller;
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the metallurgical flue gas flowing out of the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit;
the control switch is used for controlling the trend of the metallurgical flue gas and comprises a first control switch and a second control switch;
the first control switch controls the metallurgical flue gas to directly flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat-preservation flue gas channel; the second control switch controls the metallurgical flue gas to flow to the smoke exhaust tower through the heat recovery devices at all levels;
the controller receives a temperature signal transmitted by the temperature detection device, and then the control of the opening and closing of the first control switch and the second control switch is realized.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat recovered and stored in the first stage medium temperature thermal energy phase change recovery storage unit is used for heating cooling water in a water pipe to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is used for generating electricity; the heat collected by the second-stage low-temperature heat energy phase change recovery storage unit is used for heating cooling water to obtain domestic water.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the insulating flue gas channel is externally wrapped with an insulating material; the outer surface of each phase change energy storage unit is also wrapped with a heat insulation material.
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