CN112177586B - Polyhalite in-situ roasting exploitation method - Google Patents
Polyhalite in-situ roasting exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112177586B CN112177586B CN202011028063.XA CN202011028063A CN112177586B CN 112177586 B CN112177586 B CN 112177586B CN 202011028063 A CN202011028063 A CN 202011028063A CN 112177586 B CN112177586 B CN 112177586B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;trichloride;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/28—Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/28—Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent
- E21B43/281—Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent using heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method, which comprises the following steps: the drilling is provided with water injection wells which take the roasting wells as centers and are distributed in a regular polygon state; injecting oxygen-enriched air into the roasting well, igniting, injecting water into the well, beginning to implement high-temperature hot leaching, and performing leaching exploitation of potassium ions. According to the method, the polyhalite is roasted in situ by filling fuel and injecting gas for combustion under a large-caliber well, and waste heat generated in the roasting operation process is used for heating surface water to realize hot water leaching; the method has the advantages of destroying the crystal structure of polyhalite by a roasting method, greatly improving the dissolution efficiency of potassium resources after water injection, further improving the potassium recovery rate, reducing the water consumption of unit polyhalite leaching, and better controlling the leaching range because the area generally influenced by roasting can be leached preferentially, along with simplicity, practicability and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of potassium salt extraction, and particularly relates to an in-situ roasting mining method for polyhalite.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, potassium is one of three important elements for crop growth, the current situation that cultivated land is lack of potassium in a large range is faced at present, potash fertilizers are key fertilizers for agricultural production, the shortage of potash fertilizer resources restricts the agricultural development of China, the main source of potassium is soluble potassium, but the soluble potassium resources of China are seriously deficient, the difficulty of finding ores by soluble potassium salts is high, and the yield of potash fertilizers of China cannot meet the domestic requirements for many years.
Potassium salts are mainly of two types according to occurrence mode and phase state: liquid potassium salts and solid potassium salts. According to the difference of cause, storage condition and the like, liquid potassium salts can be divided into modern salt lake brine and underground potassium-enriched brine, and common solid potassium salts comprise soluble carnallite and insoluble polyhalite. Carnallite belongs to a double salt of potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, and the exploitation of carnallite is generally to finally obtain a potassium chloride product by adding water for dissolution and adopting a direct flotation or reverse flotation process; the polyhalite belongs to a sulfate double salt of potassium, magnesium and calcium, and the economic value of potassium sulfate is higher compared with that of potassium chloride, so that the efficient extraction of potassium sulfate resources in the polyhalite becomes an important research hotspot. The related methods disclosed at present comprise 'a polyhalite mining method, 201710791658.2', 'a process for producing potassium sulfate by using polyhalite leaching mother liquor, 201610045396.0', 'a method for extracting potassium from polyhalite ore by static leaching and preparing potassium sulfate, 201310320200.0', 'a method for preparing water-soluble potassium salt by in-situ reaction of deep polyhalite ore, 201310310354.1', 'a leaching mining method for potassium in polyhalite ore, 200510021637. X' and the like, but are limited by poor dissolving of polyhalite, the extraction process difficulty is large, the leaching method is generally adopted for mining, but the leaching effect of most leaching agents is not ideal.
With the continuous and intensive research, the method for dissolving potassium by roasting-hot dipping polyhalite shows extremely high dissolution efficiency (cheng huan de, 2019, inorganic salt industry), the polyhalite is subjected to high-temperature roasting, the structure of the polyhalite is damaged due to the loss of structural water of the polyhalite, and then the polyhalite is subjected to hot water leaching, the leaching recovery rate of potassium of the polyhalite reaches over 95 percent and is improved by over 3 times compared with the recovery rate of potassium obtained by conventional hot water leaching and normal-temperature leaching, but the leaching effect of the prior art is limited, and the recovery rate of potassium resources in the polyhalite is only about 30 percent on average; secondly, the prior art has extremely high water consumption and is not suitable for large-scale exploitation of polyhalite widely existing in northwest water-deficient areas; thirdly, in the prior art, the infusion of the infusion agent has low density in the infusion process, which often causes the infusion direction to be upward and the lower infusion effect to be poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the explanation of the background technology, the invention provides an in-situ roasting mining method for polyhalite. The combustion direction can be effectively controlled, and the efficient conversion and extraction of underground resources can be realized without the injection of external heat-carrying fluid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a polyhalite in-situ roasting exploitation method comprises the following steps:
step one, after a target area is determined based on geological conditions, drilling a well to set a roasting well and N water injection wells, wherein N is more than or equal to 3, and the N water injection wells are distributed in a regular polygon state by taking the roasting well as a center.
Step two, performing perforation and directional fracturing operation, wherein the center is a roasting well, the perforation is uniform perforation in all directions, and performing fracturing operation; the perforation of the water injection well adopts directional perforation, the fracturing operation is carried out, and a temperature sensor is arranged under the water injection well after the operation is finished;
step three, a gas injection device is placed in the central part of the roasting well, solid fuel is filled in the roasting well, and oxygen-enriched air is injected into the roasting well and ignited;
stopping gas injection when the temperature in the water injection well reaches 450 ℃;
and fifthly, injecting water into the well, beginning to implement high-temperature hot leaching, and performing leaching exploitation of potassium ions.
In the technical scheme, the number of the water injection wells is 6, and the water injection wells are distributed in a regular hexagon state.
In the above technical scheme, the aperture of the roasting well is larger than the aperture of the water injection well, and the proportional relation that the aperture of the roasting well is larger than the aperture of the water injection well is as follows: 10:1-3.
In the above technical scheme, the distance between the roasting well and the water injection well is 30-100 meters, preferably 50 meters.
In the technical scheme, the solid fuel blocks are coal or semi coke.
According to the method, the polyhalite is roasted in situ by filling fuel and injecting gas for combustion under a large-caliber well, and waste heat generated in the roasting operation process is used for heating surface water to realize hot water leaching; the method has the advantages of destroying the crystal structure of polyhalite by a roasting method, greatly improving the dissolution efficiency of potassium resources after water injection, further improving the potassium recovery rate, reducing the water consumption of unit polyhalite leaching, and better controlling the leaching range because the area generally influenced by roasting can be leached preferentially, along with simplicity, practicability and low production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the patent of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the patent of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment A-B of the present invention;
wherein, 1, roasting well, 2 water injection well, 3 water injection well directional perforation direction, 4 overlying strata, 5 polyhalite layer, 6 temperature sensor, 7 solid fuel, 8 gas injection pipeline, 9 gas injection direction.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given in the present patent application without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present patent application.
A polyhalite in-situ roasting leaching exploitation method is based on well drilling construction, a combustible substance (such as lump coal or semi coke) is injected into an artificial cavity in a polyhalite rock stratum to serve as a roasting well, a plurality of water injection wells are continuously constructed around the cavity, the water injection wells and the roasting well are distributed in a plum blossom shape, uniform perforation operation is carried out on the roasting well, and meanwhile directional perforation operation is carried out on the water injection wells, so that on one hand, heat conduction of the polyhalite rock stratum is promoted, and on the other hand, a seepage channel is provided for water injection. Based on the method, air is injected into the roasting well and combustible substances in the roasting well are ignited, and the airflow direction is enabled to continuously flow from the roasting well to the surrounding water injection well in the gas injection process, so that heat is promoted to be diffused to the periphery. And stopping gas injection of the roasting well when the temperature of the polyhalite in the water injection well reaches above 450 ℃, injecting water into the water injection well and the roasting well to dissolve sylvite in the polyhalite, and further achieving the purpose of extracting potassium resources.
The embodiment takes the polyhalite ore layer in a certain fourth series salt lake of the chaihood basin as an example to explain the technical scheme of the invention:
according to the drawings of fig. 1 and 2, the mining well structure for the in-situ roasting of polyhalite comprises a roasting well and N-hole water injection wells, wherein N is more than or equal to 3, the roasting well is taken as a central point, the drilling well is arranged by taking the roasting well as the center, the N-hole water injection wells are distributed in a regular polygon state, the walls of the roasting well are provided with perforations, the walls of the perforations of the water injection wells are provided with directional perforations, and temperature sensors are arranged in the water injection wells.
The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method shown as an embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, after a target area is determined based on geological conditions, drilling a well, and setting a large-caliber main well as a roasting well, wherein the diameter of the roasting well is 1.2-1.8 m, 6 small-caliber water injection wells are uniformly constructed on the periphery of the roasting well, the diameter of the roasting well is 30 cm, the 6 water injection wells are distributed in a regular hexagon state by taking the roasting well as a center, and the distance between the roasting well and the water injection wells is 50 m; n hole water injection well is regular polygon state distribution each other, as long as can satisfy around calcination well a week to each water injection well can the side direction UNICOM, simultaneously can with calcination well UNICOM, guarantee can realize after the water injection that the seepage flow can be.
Step two, perforating and directional fracturing operation are carried out, wherein the center is a roasting well, the perforation is uniform perforation in all directions, and N is injected for fracturing 2 The fracturing process is characterized in that the length of a manually manufactured crack needs to reach 50 meters; the perforation of the water injection well adopts directional perforation and fracturing operation, the directional perforation direction of the water injection well is shown in figure 2, the directional perforation of the water injection well enables the polyhalite in the region to form a complex crack system after fracturing, the heat conduction and the seepage of hot water in the later period are facilitated, and a temperature sensor is installed in the water injection well after the operation is completed.
Step three, a gas injection device is placed in the center of the roasting well, solid fuel is filled in the roasting well, oxygen-enriched air is injected into the roasting well and ignited, gas is continuously injected along the gas injection direction shown in the figure 2 to promote heat flow to be conducted to the perforation fracturing direction, and the polyhalite is roasted in situ;
stopping gas injection when the temperature in the water injection well reaches 450 ℃, wherein the excess heat rising from the underground can be used for heating surface water, so that the waste of heat energy is avoided;
and fifthly, injecting water into the well, beginning to implement high-temperature hot leaching, and performing leaching exploitation of potassium ions.
The polyhalite exploitation based on the method can realize the potassium ion in-situ recovery rate of over 95 percent, and the potassium recovery rate is improved by 3 times compared with the potassium recovery rate of 30 percent in the conventional water injection leaching exploitation at present.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The polyhalite in-situ roasting exploitation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, after a target area is determined based on geological conditions, drilling a well to set a roasting well and N water injection wells, wherein N is more than or equal to 3, and the N water injection wells are distributed in a regular polygon state by taking the roasting well as a center;
step two, carrying out perforation and directional fracturing operation, wherein the center is a roasting well, the perforation is uniform perforation in all directions, and carrying out fracturing operation; the perforation of the water injection well adopts directional perforation, the fracturing operation is carried out, and a temperature sensor is arranged under the water injection well after the operation is finished;
step three, a gas injection device is placed in the central part of the roasting well, solid fuel is filled in the roasting well, and oxygen-enriched air is injected into the roasting well and ignited;
stopping gas injection when the temperature in the water injection well reaches 450 ℃;
and fifthly, injecting water into the well, beginning to implement high-temperature hot leaching, and performing leaching exploitation of potassium ions.
2. The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the water injection wells is 6, and the water injection wells are distributed in a regular hexagon state.
3. The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the caliber of the roasting well is larger than that of the water injection well.
4. The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the proportion relation that the caliber of the roasting well is larger than that of the water injection well is as follows: 10:1-3.
5. The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the distance between the roasting well and the water injection well is 30-100 meters.
6. The polyhalite in-situ roasting mining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the distance between the roasting well and the water injection well is 50 meters.
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