CN112172424A - Automatic unhooking device and automatic unhooking method - Google Patents
Automatic unhooking device and automatic unhooking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112172424A CN112172424A CN201910604502.8A CN201910604502A CN112172424A CN 112172424 A CN112172424 A CN 112172424A CN 201910604502 A CN201910604502 A CN 201910604502A CN 112172424 A CN112172424 A CN 112172424A
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- unhooking
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
- B60D1/26—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for remote control, e.g. for releasing
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- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic unhooking device and an automatic unhooking method, wherein the automatic unhooking device comprises: the mechanical hook head is internally provided with a tongue plate capable of pivoting; the driving unit drives the tongue plate to rotate; and the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when detecting that the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position. The automatic unhooking device and the automatic unhooking method can realize automatic unhooking and unhooking operations in a high-speed traveling state, so that two vehicles connected with the device are separated, and the safety of test equipment and personnel is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vehicle collision tests, and particularly relates to an automatic unhooking device and an automatic unhooking method.
Background
The coupler device mainly plays a role in coupling vehicles and transferring longitudinal force, and the traditional coupler buffer device is mainly designed around how to improve the reliability of coupling and stop the occurrence of automatic unhooking accidents. However, with the development of economic society, the demands for the functions of the car coupler are more diversified, and in some industrial application scenes, such as working conditions of a vehicle collision test system, discharging of a hot metal car and the like, the automatic unhooking and unhooking functions between the tractor and the towed car are required.
The vehicle collision test system needs to use a driving vehicle to pull a tested vehicle to accelerate to a target speed and then carry out unhooking control, the driving vehicle applies braking after unhooking, and the tested vehicle completes a collision test by means of coasting. In order to ensure the absolute safety of the testing personnel, the operations of unhooking, unhooking and separating between the driving vehicle and the tested vehicle must be automatically completed.
The existing car coupler is designed by taking reliable coupling as a guide, and the difficulty of completing automatic uncoupling and uncoupling operation under a high-speed running state is higher. The conventional coupler coupling state detection device can only detect the abnormal coupling of the coupler and cannot ensure the successful uncoupling. Therefore, the existing coupler coupling scheme is not suitable for a collision test system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an automatic unhooking device and an automatic unhooking method aiming at the defect of the automatic unhooking and unhooking functions of the conventional vehicle collision test system, which can realize automatic unhooking and unhooking operations in a high-speed running state, so that two connected vehicles of the device are separated, and the safety of test equipment and personnel is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an automatic unhooking device, comprising: the mechanical hook head is internally provided with a tongue plate capable of pivoting; the driving unit drives the tongue plate to rotate; and the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when detecting that the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position.
Furthermore, the unhooking in-place signal detection unit comprises a coupler knuckle rotating shaft fixedly connected with the coupler knuckle plate, an extension shaft arranged on the coupler knuckle rotating shaft and an unhooking in-place sensor, and the unhooking in-place sensor detects whether the coupler knuckle plate rotates to the unhooking position by detecting the position of the extension shaft.
Furthermore, the unhooking in-place sensor is a proximity switch, and when the extension shaft rotates to the corresponding position of the unhooking position, the unhooking in-place sensor detects the extension shaft and sends an unhooking in-place signal.
Further, the unhooking-in-place sensor is fixedly arranged at the top of the hook head.
Furthermore, the unhooking in-place signal detection unit further comprises a limiting device used for limiting the rotation angles of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft and the protruding shaft.
Further, the driving unit comprises an unhooking cylinder and an unhooking cylinder acting arm capable of moving along the unhooking cylinder, and the unhooking cylinder acting arm is connected with the tongue plate to drive the tongue plate to rotate.
Further, the unhooking cylinder action arm is hinged with the coupler knuckle plate.
Further, the driving unit further comprises an air supply pipeline communicated with the unhooking cylinder and an electromagnetic valve arranged on the air supply pipeline.
Further, the unhooking cylinder is installed on the side of the hook head.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an automatic unhooking method, comprising the steps of: receiving an unhooking command issued by a driving vehicle; after receiving an unhooking command, driving a tongue plate in the mechanical hook head to rotate through a driving unit; the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to an unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when the retainer plate is detected to rotate to the unhooking position; and after the traction control system receives the unhooking in-place signal, braking the driving vehicle so as to separate the end hook head of the tested vehicle from the end hook head of the driving vehicle.
The invention realizes automatic unhooking, unhooking and separating of the tractor and the tested vehicle, and avoids huge potential safety hazard caused by manual unhooking in a high-speed running state. In addition, the state detection unit of the conventional coupler is improved, and the in-place uncoupling sensor is arranged to detect the in-place uncoupling signal of the coupler, so that the traction control system can judge that the uncoupling is in place, the braking of the driving vehicle can be controlled, the successful uncoupling is ensured, and the two vehicles are separated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an automatic unhooking apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1-mechanical hook head; 2-unhooking cylinder; 3-unhooking cylinder action arm; 4-a stop post; 5-extending the shaft; 6-unhooking in-place sensor; 7-coupler knuckle rotating shaft; 8-tongue hook plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
An automatic unhooking apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic unhooking apparatus includes a mechanical hook head 1, a driving unit, and an unhooking-in-place signal detecting unit. A tongue plate 8 capable of pivoting is arranged in the mechanical hook head 1. The driving unit drives the tongue plate 8 to rotate. The unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate 8 rotates to the unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when detecting that the retainer plate 8 rotates to the unhooking position.
The automatic unhooking device can be installed on vehicles needing to be connected/unhooked, such as a driving vehicle and a tested vehicle in a vehicle collision test. When the tongue plate rotates to the unhooking position, the vehicle end hook head can be unhooked under the state that the vehicle end hook head is driven to be connected with the vehicle end hook head to be tested.
According to the automatic unhooking device, the driving device capable of driving the tongue plate to rotate is arranged, so that automatic unhooking, unhooking and separating of the connected vehicle are realized, and huge potential safety hazards caused by manual unhooking in a high-speed traveling state are avoided. In addition, the uncoupling in-place sensor is arranged to detect the uncoupling in-place signal of the coupler, and the traction control system can judge that the uncoupling is in place, so that the uncoupling and the separation of the two vehicles can be completed by braking the driving vehicle.
In this embodiment, the retainer plate 8 may be pivotally connected to the hook head 1, for example, by a center pin, so that the retainer plate 8 may rotate about the center axis of the center pin.
In this embodiment, the drive unit includes an unhooking cylinder 2 and an unhooking cylinder action arm 3 movable along the unhooking cylinder 2. The unhooking cylinder 2 is preferably mounted on the side of the hook head 1. The unhooking cylinder activation arm 3 is connected to the tongue plate 8, preferably hinged to the tongue plate 8, so that a linear movement of the unhooking cylinder activation arm 3 is converted into a rotation of the tongue plate 8. The unhooking cylinder action arm 3 moves linearly along the unhooking cylinder 2, thereby pushing the retainer plate 8 to rotate towards the unhooking position. When the retainer plate 8 is rotated to the unhooking position, the hook head mounted on the vehicle under test end and the hook head mounted on the vehicle driving end are in a state of being detachable from each other.
Optionally, the driving unit further comprises an air supply pipeline communicated with the unhooking cylinder 2 and an electromagnetic valve arranged in the air supply pipeline. The on-off of the air supply of the unhooking cylinder 2 can be controlled by the electromagnetic valve.
It is to be understood that the drive unit of the present invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary structure, but may be any drive structure that operates by pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, or the like, as long as the flapper 8 can be driven to pivot.
The unhooking in-place signal detection unit comprises a coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7, an extension shaft 5 and an unhooking in-place sensor 6. The unhooking position sensor 6 is preferably fixedly mounted on top of the hook head 1. The coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected with the coupler knuckle plate 8. An extending shaft 5 is arranged on the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 so as to transmit the rotating state of the coupler knuckle 8 to the unhooking in-place sensor 6. The protruding shaft 5 can be integrally formed with, fixedly connected with or detachably connected with the knuckle spindle 7. For example, the protruding shaft 5 can be sleeved on the knuckle spindle 7. When the coupler knuckle 8 rotates, the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 and the extension shaft 5 on the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 rotate synchronously with the coupler knuckle rotating shaft. The unhooking-in-position sensor 6 detects the position of the protruding shaft 5, and further detects the position of the tongue catcher 8 that rotates in synchronization with the protruding shaft 5. The position where the protruding shaft 5 is located when the retainer plate 8 is rotated to the unhooking position is referred to as an unhooking position corresponding position. When the extension shaft 5 rotates to the corresponding position of the unhooking position, the unhooking in-position sensor 6 sends an unhooking in-position signal. In the present embodiment, the unhooking-position sensor 6 is, for example, a proximity switch. The proximity switch is arranged so that the unhooking position corresponding position is within the action distance of the proximity switch. When the tongue plate 8 rotates to the unhooking position, the extension shaft 5 which synchronously rotates with the tongue plate rotates to the position corresponding to the unhooking position, and the unhooking in-place sensor 6 detects the extension shaft 5 and sends an unhooking in-place signal. The unhook-in-place signal may be received by a traction control system on the drive train. When the traction control system receives the unhooking in-place signal, the hook plate 8 is judged to rotate to the unhooking position, and therefore a braking instruction is sent out to brake the driving vehicle. The tested vehicle continues to advance under the action of inertia, so that the end hook head of the tested vehicle is separated from the end hook head of the driving vehicle.
Optionally, the unhooking-in-place signal detection unit is provided with a limiting device. The limiting device limits the rotation angles of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 and the extension shaft 5 so as to prevent the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 and the extension shaft 5 from being damaged too much and unhooking the in-place sensor 6. In this embodiment, the limiting means is a stop post 4. When the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 and the extension shaft 5 rotate, the stop column 4 can stop against the outer wall of the extension shaft 5 to limit the rotating angles of the extension shaft 5 and the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7, so that the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 7 and the extension shaft 5 are prevented from being damaged by overlarge rotating angles to unhook the in-place sensor 6.
The automatic unhooking method according to the invention comprises the following steps: receiving an unhooking command issued by a driving vehicle; after receiving an unhooking command, driving a tongue plate in the mechanical hook head to rotate through a driving unit; the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to an unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when the retainer plate is detected to rotate to the unhooking position; and after the traction control system receives the unhooking in-place signal, braking the driving vehicle so as to separate the end hook head of the tested vehicle from the end hook head of the driving vehicle.
The automatic unhooking method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
Under the high-speed running state that the driving vehicle is connected with the tested vehicle and the driving vehicle pulls the tested vehicle, the driving vehicle issues an unhooking command to control an unhooking electromagnetic valve to be opened, an air supply pipeline of the driving vehicle ventilates an unhooking cylinder 2, an action arm 3 of the unhooking cylinder pushes a hook plate 8 in a hook head 1 to rotate to an unhooking position, a hook rotating shaft 7 and the hook plate 8 synchronously rotate, an extension shaft 5 rotates to a corresponding position of the unhooking position along with the rotation of the extension shaft, an unhooking in-place sensor 6 detects the extension shaft 5 to obtain an unhooking in-place signal and feeds the unhooking in-place signal back to a traction control system, the driving vehicle implements braking, the hook head at the tested vehicle end is separated from the hook head at the driving vehicle end due to the.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic unhooking device, characterized in that it comprises:
the mechanical hook head is internally provided with a tongue plate capable of pivoting;
the driving unit drives the tongue plate to rotate;
and the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when detecting that the retainer plate rotates to the unhooking position.
2. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, wherein the unhooking-in-place signal detecting unit comprises a coupler knuckle rotating shaft fixedly connected with the coupler knuckle plate, an extension shaft arranged on the coupler knuckle rotating shaft, and an unhooking-in-place sensor, and the unhooking-in-place sensor detects whether the coupler knuckle plate rotates to the unhooking position by detecting the position of the extension shaft.
3. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 2, wherein the unhooking-in-position sensor is a proximity switch, and when the protruding shaft rotates to the unhooking-in-position corresponding position, the unhooking-in-position sensor detects the protruding shaft and sends an unhooking-in-position signal.
4. The automatic unhooking apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the unhooking-position sensor is fixedly mounted on top of the hook head.
5. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 2, wherein the unhooking-in-place signal detecting unit further comprises a limiting device for limiting the rotation angles of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft and the protruding shaft.
6. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that said driving unit comprises an unhooking cylinder and an unhooking cylinder activation arm movable along said unhooking cylinder, said unhooking cylinder activation arm being connected with said coupler plate to drive the latter in rotation.
7. The automatic unhooking apparatus of claim 6, wherein said unhooking cylinder actuation arm is articulated with said knuckle plate.
8. The automatic unhooking apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving unit further comprises an air supply line communicating with the unhooking cylinder and a solenoid valve provided on the air supply line.
9. The automatic unhooking apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the unhooking cylinder is mounted on a side of the hook head.
10. An automatic unhooking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving an unhooking command issued by a driving vehicle;
after receiving an unhooking command, driving a tongue plate in the mechanical hook head to rotate through a driving unit;
the unhooking in-place signal detection unit detects whether the retainer plate rotates to an unhooking position or not, and sends an unhooking in-place signal when the retainer plate is detected to rotate to the unhooking position;
and after the traction control system receives the unhooking in-place signal, braking the driving vehicle so as to separate the end hook head of the tested vehicle from the end hook head of the driving vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910604502.8A CN112172424B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Automatic unhooking device and automatic unhooking method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910604502.8A CN112172424B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Automatic unhooking device and automatic unhooking method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112172424A true CN112172424A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
| CN112172424B CN112172424B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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| CN201910604502.8A Active CN112172424B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Automatic unhooking device and automatic unhooking method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113029596A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Wheel acceleration torque system and test equipment for automobile chassis simulation road test |
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| CN109436010A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-08 | 中铁武汉勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of automatic coupling device of track power flatcar and method |
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| JPH08290711A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-11-05 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Automatic connection-disconnecting device for self-propelled vehicle and vehicle to be towed |
| CN201999006U (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2011-10-05 | 青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Coupling system of draft gear of railway vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113029596A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Wheel acceleration torque system and test equipment for automobile chassis simulation road test |
| CN113029596B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2024-05-14 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Wheel acceleration torque system and test equipment for simulating road test of automobile chassis |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112172424B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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