CN112171191B

CN112171191B - Short-flow processing technology for automobile plate spring

Info

Publication number: CN112171191B
Application number: CN202010989639.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘振安; 赵胜杰; 徐志祥; 郭长奎
Original assignee: Henan Kaiyin Machinery Equipment Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Kaiyin Machinery Equipment Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2020-09-18
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-18
Also published as: CN112171191A

Abstract

The invention discloses a short-flow processing technology of an automobile plate spring, which is characterized in that after material breaking, heating and online punching, the automobile plate spring is sent to an independently developed rolling unit through a roller way to form a variable-section single sheet or a variable-section multi-sheet spring flat steel, or is sent to a hot arc rolling machine to roll the constant-section spring flat steel into an arc shape, and then falls into a quenching tank for quenching and other treatments. The invention has short process flow, adopts flow line production before shot blasting, reduces the transfer cost and the labor cost among stations, accelerates the production speed and improves the production efficiency. The variable cross-section straight-through type single-piece rolling mill directly rolls a plurality of variable cross-section plate springs, reduces the heating times, saves the natural gas energy, improves the productivity by multiple times and reduces the production cost.

Description

Short-flow processing technology for automobile plate spring

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile plate spring machining processes, and particularly relates to a short-flow machining process for an automobile plate spring.

Background

The traditional variable cross-section automobile plate spring processing process flow (end part is not processed) is as follows: the enterprises purchase spring flat steel (each section is about 6 m), break the material into single pieces at normal temperature, and punch/drill the single pieces according to the product process. For each single piece, the piece was heated to 950 ℃ on one end, rolled on a variable cross-section mill (1-8 passes), heated on the other end, and rolled in the same manner. Before quenching, a template is manually manufactured by a template worker according to the product process, then a quenching machine is adjusted according to the template, the spring flat steel is placed into the quenching machine for hot pressing into an arc after being heated to 960 ℃ plus 980 ℃, then the quenching machine is opened, the workpiece is conveyed to a fixed position through a roller way and is conveyed into a quenching forming machine through a robot for hot pressing. The workpiece after hot press forming directly falls into a quenching tank for quenching, and the quenching temperature is 860-880 ℃. Conveying the workpiece to the front of a tempering furnace by a chain plate, and sequentially putting the workpiece into the tempering furnace for tempering at the tempering temperature of 460-500 ℃. And sequentially placing the heat-treated workpieces on a chain of a shot blasting machine, enabling the workpieces to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting, assembling and spraying paint through an assembly line, and packaging and warehousing after the workpieces are qualified.

The traditional method for processing the constant-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps: and (3) cutting the constant-section plate spring (without processing the end part) at normal temperature, and punching/drilling according to the product process. Before quenching, a sample plate is manually manufactured by a sample plate worker according to the product process, a quenching machine is adjusted according to the sample plate, the spring flat steel is placed into the quenching machine to be hot-pressed into an arc when being heated to 960-980 ℃, then the quenching machine is opened, a workpiece is conveyed to a fixed position through a roller way, and is conveyed into a quenching forming machine through a robot to be hot-pressed and formed. The workpiece after hot press forming directly falls into a quenching tank for quenching, and the quenching temperature is 860-880 ℃. Conveying the workpiece to the front of a tempering furnace by a chain plate, and sequentially putting the workpiece into the tempering furnace for tempering at the tempering temperature of 460-500 ℃. And sequentially placing the heat-treated workpieces on a chain of a shot blasting machine, enabling the workpieces to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting, assembling and spraying paint through an assembly line, and packaging and warehousing after the workpieces are qualified.

The traditional processing technology can only form single-station automatic production, cannot form an automatic production line, is high in labor cost and low in production efficiency, is high in transfer cost among stations, is high in heating times, and wastes waste heat of the hot-rolled spring flat steel.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems of the traditional processing technology of the variable cross-section automobile plate spring and the constant cross-section automobile plate spring, the invention provides a short-flow processing technology of the automobile plate spring, which is used for realizing flow line production, reducing the transfer cost and the labor cost among stations, reducing the heating times and the pollution degree to the environment and improving the production efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a short-flow processing technology for a variable cross-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps:

(1) material breaking: and (4) cutting the automobile plate spring by using a material cutting machine according to the material cutting length of the product process to form a single sheet.

(2) Heating: and sequentially feeding the single spring flat steel sheets into a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 950 +/-10 ℃.

(3) Punching on line: and carrying out hot punching on each single spring flat steel after the steel is discharged from the furnace by an online punching machine.

(4) Rolling variable cross section: the workpiece enters a vertical roller mill through a roller way, the vertical rollers on the left side and the right side of the vertical roller mill simultaneously adopt a servo hydraulic propulsion system to automatically control the rolling reduction of the dynamic vertical rollers, the workpiece is pressed into a shuttle shape and then enters a flat roller mill, the upper roller of the flat roller mill adopts the servo hydraulic propulsion system for automatic control, and an upper roller acts according to the shape of a product to directly roll a variable-section plate spring (the finish rolling temperature is 850 ℃) and then is sent to the next procedure.

(5) Secondary heating: by utilizing the waste heat, the workpieces sequentially enter the intermediate frequency induction heating furnace through the roller way to be heated to 960 ℃ plus 980 ℃.

(6) Quenching: the workpiece is sent into a quenching forming machine through a roller way for quenching, and the quenching temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃.

(7) Tempering: and putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-.

(8) Shot blasting: and (4) putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment.

(9) Assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clip irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly.

(10) Electrophoretic coating: and the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in the upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sequentially subjected to washing, twice pure washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure washing, drying and other processes, and then is sent to the lower hanging area through the hook to complete an electrophoretic coating process, wherein the coating is an environment-friendly water-based coating.

(11) And finishing the production of the steel plate spring product after the product is qualified, and then packaging and warehousing.

In the step (3), each single spring flat steel after being discharged out of the furnace is subjected to hot punching by an online punching machine

And (4) directly rolling the variable cross-section plate spring after vertical rolling and flat rolling, and then sending the variable cross-section plate spring into the next procedure after on-line end cutting/corner cutting.

In the step (5), the workpiece is conveyed to the medium-frequency induction heating furnace by using waste heat through a roller way, and the heating temperature is 960-.

The other short-flow processing technology for the variable cross-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) material cutting, namely calculating the blanking length of the steel billet according to the product process and cutting the steel billet by adopting flame.

(2) Heating, wherein the steel billet enters a gas heating furnace through a rail, passes through a preheating section, a heating section and a heat preservation section in sequence, is discharged after the temperature is raised to about 1150 ℃.

(3) And (3) rolling the spring flat steel, namely, after the billet is taken out of the furnace, feeding the billet into a cogging mill through a roller way to roll the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at 950 +/-10 ℃.

(4) Rolling a variable cross-section product: after the flat spring steel is finish rolled, the flat spring steel is sent into a variable cross-section flat rolling mill through a roller way, the upper roller of the flat rolling mill adopts a servo hydraulic propulsion system and is automatically controlled, the upper roller acts according to the shape of a product, the width of the product is trimmed through a common vertical rolling mill, the flat spring with the variable cross-section is rolled out, and the flat spring is sent into the next procedure.

(5) And (3) material breaking and punching, namely, after the workpiece passes through a rolling mill, moving the workpiece to the front of a material breaking and punching machine through a steel moving device, and directly performing online thermal material breaking and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

(6) Secondary heating: the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃.

(7) Quenching: the workpiece is sent into a quenching forming machine through a roller way for quenching, and the quenching temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃.

(8) Tempering: and putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-.

(9) Shot blasting: and (4) putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment.

(10) Assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clip irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly.

(11) Electrophoretic coating: and the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in the upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sequentially subjected to washing, twice pure washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure washing, drying and other processes, and then is sent to the lower hanging area through the hook to complete an electrophoretic coating process, wherein the coating is an environment-friendly water-based coating.

(12) And finishing the production of the steel plate spring product after the product is qualified, and then packaging and warehousing.

And (3) rolling the spring flat steel, namely, discharging the steel billet out of the furnace, feeding the steel billet into a cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, feeding the rough rolled steel billet into a continuous rolling mill, continuously rolling the steel billet through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to roll the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at 950 +/-10 ℃.

When rolling the variable-section product in the step (4), after the spring flat steel is finish rolled, cutting the spring flat steel into a specified length by using flying shears according to the process length, heating the spring flat steel to 950 +/-10 ℃ by using an online heating furnace, and feeding the spring flat steel into a variable-section straight-through multi-disc rolling mill; the variable cross-section straight-through type multi-disc rolling mill adopts a servo hydraulic system, automatically controls the rollers, continuously acts according to the shape of a product, and then the width is trimmed by a common vertical roller rolling mill to finally roll the variable cross-section plate spring.

And (5) after the workpiece passes through the rolling mill, moving the workpiece to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and directly performing online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

In the step (6), the workpiece is conveyed to the medium-frequency induction heating furnace by using waste heat through a roller way, and the heating temperature is 960-.

A short-flow processing technology for a constant-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps:

(1) material breaking: and (4) cutting the material by using a material cutting machine according to the material cutting length of the product process.

(2) Heating: the spring flat steel sequentially enters a heating furnace to be heated, and the heating temperature is 950 ℃.

(3) Punching on line: and carrying out hot punching on the workpiece discharged from the furnace by a punching machine.

(4) Hot roll forming: after hot punching, the product with the equal cross section is automatically sent into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring are input according to the product process, the upper roller and the lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine are automatically adjusted through system calculation to form the radian required by the product, and a sample plate is not required to be manufactured manually and hot-pressed and formed.

(5) Quenching: the steel plate is sent to an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine which is independently researched and developed through a roller way to be formed, and then falls into a quenching tank to be quenched, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃.

(6) Tempering: and putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-.

(7) Shot blasting: and (4) putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment.

(8) Assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clip irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly.

(9) Electrophoretic coating: and the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in the upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sequentially subjected to washing, twice pure washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure washing, drying and other processes, and then is sent to the lower hanging area through the hook to complete an electrophoretic coating process, wherein the coating is an environment-friendly water-based coating.

(10) And finishing the production of the steel plate spring product after the product is qualified, and then packaging and warehousing.

And (3) carrying out hot punching on each single spring flat steel after being discharged from the furnace by using an online punching machine.

And (4) automatically feeding the hot punched product with the equal cross section into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, inputting the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring according to the product process, and automatically adjusting an upper roller and a lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through system calculation to form the radian required by the product without manually manufacturing a sample plate and performing hot press forming.

(3) And (4) rolling (spring flat steel), namely, discharging a steel billet out of a furnace, feeding the steel billet into a cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, feeding the rough-rolled steel billet into a continuous rolling mill, continuously rolling the steel billet through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to roll the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at about 950 ℃.

(4) Online material breaking and punching: after the workpiece passes through the rolling mill, the workpiece is moved to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and the material is directly subjected to online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

(5) Secondary heating: by utilizing the waste heat, the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃;

(6) hot rolling of the uniform cross-section product: the workpiece after being discharged out of the furnace is automatically sent into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring are input according to the product process, the upper roller and the lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine are automatically adjusted through system calculation to form the radian required by the product, and a sample plate does not need to be manufactured manually and hot pressing forming is carried out;

(7) quenching: the steel plate is sent to an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine which is independently researched and developed through a roller way to be formed, and then falls into a quenching tank to be quenched, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃.

And (4) after the workpiece passes through the rolling mill, moving the workpiece to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and directly performing online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

In the step (5), the workpieces sequentially enter the medium-frequency induction heating furnace for heating through the roller way by utilizing the waste heat, and are heated to 960-.

And (6) automatically feeding the uniform-section product discharged from the furnace into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, inputting the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring according to the product process, and automatically adjusting an upper roller and a lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through system calculation to form the radian required by the product without manually manufacturing a sample plate and performing hot press forming.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has short process flow, adopts flow line production before shot blasting, reduces the transfer cost and the labor cost among stations, accelerates the production speed and improves the production efficiency. The independently developed rolling mill set is utilized to form a variable cross-section single sheet or a plurality of variable cross-section spring flat steels, or the variable cross-section spring flat steels are sent into a hot arc rolling machine and then rolled into an arc shape, so that the heating times are reduced, the natural gas energy is saved, the productivity is improved by several times, and the production cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the processing technology of the variable cross-section plate spring of the invention with the processing technology of the prior variable cross-section plate spring.

FIG. 2 is a schematic comparison of the present invention process for making a constant section leaf spring and a prior art process for making a constant section leaf spring.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a vertical rolling mill of a straight-through single-piece rolling mill used in the variable cross-section rolling process of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a half sectional view of fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a structural view of a flat rolling mill in the variable cross-section or constant cross-section rolling process of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an end view of the flat rolling mill of FIG. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a vertical rod closed pass (applied to a variable cross-section single sheet) corresponding to the rolling mill of fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a flat roll (applied to a variable section single piece) corresponding to the rolling mill of fig. 5.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a flat roll closed pass (applied to variable cross-section multiple pieces) corresponding to the rolling mill of FIG. 5.

Figure 10 is a schematic of the rolling of automotive leaf springs for a variable cross-section single sheet rolling process.

FIG. 11 is a schematic rolling diagram of an automotive leaf spring for a variable cross-section multi-sheet rolling process.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the hot rolling arc machine of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a left side view of the fig. 12 machine.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing an arrangement state of the nip roller set of fig. 12.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1-a flat rolling motor, 2-a flat rolling coupler, 3-a combined speed reducer, 4-a universal coupler, 5-a servo hydraulic cylinder, 6-a rolling mill frame, 7-an upper roller, 8-a lower roller, 9-a roller unloading device, 10-a base, 11-an auxiliary frame, 13-a lifting bearing box, 14-a fixed bearing box, 15-a bearing box fixed seat, 16-a fixed seat, 17-a vertical chute, 18-a front guide opening, 19-a rear guide opening, 20-a track plate, 21-a track groove, 22-a bearing box sliding seat, 23-a front guide device, 24-a transverse moving adjusting groove, 31-a vertical rolling motor, 32-a vertical rolling coupler, 33-a vertical rolling speed reducer, 34-a connecting flange and 35-a spline sleeve, 36-a gear box, 37-a vertical rolling universal coupling, 38-a lifting hydraulic cylinder, 39-a suspender, 40-a roller frame, 41-a roller, 411-a first hole type, 412-a second hole type, 42-a connecting beam, 43-a roller shaft seat, 44-a servo hydraulic cylinder, 45-a rolling mill base, 46-a rolling mill frame, 47-a push-pull hydraulic cylinder, 48-a vertical slideway, 49-a guide platform, 50-a hole type central line, 51-a position sensor and 52-a supporting plate.

31-edgewise rolling motor, 32-edgewise rolling coupler, 33-edgewise rolling reducer, 34-connecting flange, 35-spline sleeve, 36-gear box, 37-edgewise rolling universal coupler, 38-lifting hydraulic cylinder, 39-suspension rod, 40-roller stand, 41-roller, 411-pass I, 412-pass II, 42-connecting beam, 43-roller shaft seat, 44-servo hydraulic cylinder, 45-roller base, 46-roller stand, 47-push-pull hydraulic cylinder, 48-vertical slideway, 49-guide platform, 50-pass center line, 51-position sensor, 61-motor, 62-reducer, 63-multi-shaft gear box, 64-universal coupler, 65-servo motor, 66-worm gear box, 661-worm wheel, 662-worm, 663-worm shaft, 67-press roll, 671-upper press roll, 672-lower press roll, 673-rolling ring groove, 68-frame, 69-rolling support, 70-coupler, 71-motor base, 72-vertical slideway, 73-slider, 74-lifting rod, 75-bearing box, 76-cover plate, 77-extrusion roller set, 78-guide rod, 79-thrust spring, 80-guide device, 81-thread section, 82-rotary joint, 83-press nut.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

The traditional automobile plate spring processing process flow is shown as 1 in fig. 1, and aims at the main process flow of a variable cross-section plate spring (end part is not processed): material cutting → punching/drilling → heating → (adopting a fan-shaped quenching machine, firstly manually manufacturing a template → fixing a mold → confining a screw → an upper fan moves up and down by a hydraulic cylinder), quenching → tempering → shot blasting → assembling → spray painting → packaging and warehousing. The processing technology can only form single-station automatic production, cannot form an automatic production line, is high in labor cost, low in production efficiency, high in transfer cost among stations, high in heating frequency and capable of wasting waste heat of hot-rolled spring flat steel.

Example 1 was used for this purpose: the embodiment is a process for processing a variable cross-section plate spring by taking a semi-finished product of an automobile plate spring as a material, and is shown as 2 in figure 1. The main process flow of the variable cross-section plate spring (end part is not processed) is as follows: material cutting → heating → online punching-rolling (formed by rolling with a variable cross-section straight-through single-piece rolling mill) variable cross-section spring flat steel → head cutting/corner cutting (repairing burr after single material cutting) -secondary heating → quenching → tempering → shot blasting → assembly → electrophoretic coating → packaging and warehousing.

Specifically, the production process of the variable cross-section plate spring (without machining the end) comprises the following steps.

Material breaking: and (4) cutting the purchased automobile plate spring by using a cutting machine according to the cutting length of the product process. The automobile plate spring is a semi-finished automobile plate spring product purchased outside, the semi-finished automobile plate spring product is mostly processed by the traditional process, and the semi-finished automobile plate spring product is better compared with the prior art and is also processed by the automobile plate spring product.

Heating: the spring flat steel sequentially enters a heating furnace to be heated, and the heating temperature is 950 ℃.

Punching on line: and carrying out hot punching on the workpiece discharged from the furnace by a punching machine.

Compared with the prior art, the method adopts a mode of integral heating after material breaking to perform on-line punching (a punch is smaller than the thickness of the plate spring and needs to adopt hot punching, and the traditional process adopts a cold punching mode, and drilling is needed when the thickness of the plate spring is larger, so that the efficiency is obviously reduced). The existing process is hot-press forming according to a die in a quenching forming machine, and is not suitable for on-line heating and then punching. In the prior art, a single sheet needs to be punched and formed for many times on the basis of manual sample forging and die setting, the manual participation degree is high, and continuous cycle operation cannot be realized.

Rolled variable cross section

The prior process comprises the following steps: heating the single end of the workpiece to 950 ℃, rolling on a variable cross-section rolling mill (1-8 times), heating the other end, and rolling again. Before quenching, a sample plate is manually manufactured by a sample plate worker according to the product process, a quenching machine is adjusted according to the sample plate, the spring flat steel is placed into the quenching machine for hot pressing into an arc when the spring flat steel is heated to 960-year-old 980 ℃, then the quenching machine is opened, and the workpiece falls into an oil bath for quenching.

Obviously different from the prior process steps, the process steps adopted by the embodiment are as follows: a workpiece (a single spring flat steel sheet) enters a vertical roller mill through a roller way, the vertical rollers on the left side and the right side of the vertical roller mill simultaneously adopt a servo hydraulic propulsion system to automatically control the rolling reduction of the dynamic vertical rollers, the workpiece is pressed into a shuttle shape and then enters a flat roller mill, the upper roller of the flat roller mill adopts the servo hydraulic propulsion system for automatic control, an upper roller acts according to the shape of a product to directly roll a variable-section plate spring (the finish rolling temperature is 850 ℃), and the variable-section plate spring is sent to the next process through on-line head cutting/corner cutting. To explain the operation of the process step in detail, the present invention is explained in detail by the embodiment 2 in conjunction with the attached drawings for the tandem mill and flat mill combination system, and in particular, refer to the embodiment 2.

Secondary heating: the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃. The heating fuel consumption before quenching is small compared to the conventional process. After the step of rolling the variable cross section, each single spring flat steel still contains the waste heat of 850 ℃, and is heated to 960-year-old 980 ℃ on the basis of the waste heat, so that the energy consumption is low, the efficiency is high, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

Quenching: the workpiece is conveyed to a fixed position through a roller way, and is conveyed to a quenching forming machine through a robot for hot press forming. The workpiece after hot press forming directly falls into a quenching tank for quenching, and the quenching temperature is 860-880 ℃.

Tempering: and putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-.

Shot blasting: and (4) putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment.

Assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clip irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly.

Electrophoretic coating: and the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in the upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sequentially subjected to washing, twice pure washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure washing, drying and other processes, and then is sent to the lower hanging area through the hook to complete an electrophoretic coating process, wherein the coating is an environment-friendly water-based coating.

And finishing the production of the steel plate spring product after the product is qualified, and then packaging and warehousing.

The embodiment is obviously different from the existing variable cross-section automobile plate spring processing technology:

example 2: the variable cross-section straight-through single-piece rolling mill applied to the technical process of rolling the variable cross-section single pieces of the automobile plate spring in the embodiment 1 is provided with a preposed heating furnace, after the spring flat steel is cut (the 6m spring flat steel is cut into a plurality of single pieces of 800 mm), each single piece is integrally heated (the traditional process is respectively heating two ends of each single piece and carrying out single-head multi-pass rolling), the spring flat steel is firstly put into a vertical roller mill after being heated, as shown in figure 10, vertical rollers on the left side and the right side of the vertical roller mill simultaneously adopt a servo hydraulic system, the rolling amount of the dynamic vertical rollers is automatically controlled, the spring flat steel is pressed into a shuttle shape, then the shuttle shape is put into a flat roller mill, an upper roller of the flat roller mill adopts the servo hydraulic system and is automatically controlled, and the upper roller acts according to the shape of a product to directly roll the single piece of the variable cross-section plate spring. The setting of the dynamic vertical roll reduction can control the inclination of the shuttle shape, so that the extension performance of the shuttle-shaped bullet is matched with the inclination after entering a flat rolling mill, and the variable cross-section bullet is produced. The scheme adopts a short flow, reduces the heating times, saves natural gas energy, improves the productivity by multiple times and reduces the production cost.

In the variable cross-section straight-through single-sheet rolling mill, a plate spring hot blank is sequentially passed through a plate spring vertical rolling mill and a plate spring horizontal rolling mill combined system to form an automobile plate spring meeting the standard, as shown in figure 10. The vertical rolling mill system and the flat rolling mill system respectively comprise a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a rolling mechanism and the like.

According to the product rolling process, as shown in fig. 3, a servo hydraulic cylinder 44 of the vertical rolling mill drives a roll shaft seat 43 to slide in a roll frame 40 through a connecting beam 42, a left roll and a right roll are respectively installed in the corresponding roll shaft seats 43 through upper and lower bearing boxes, cooling channels are arranged in the bearing boxes, circulating cooling water is injected into the cooling channels, and when each press roll works, the circulating cooling water is kept to continuously cool the corresponding bearing box, so that the reliable operation of each press roll is ensured.

The roll gap between the left and right rolls 41 is adjusted as shown in fig. 7, and the rotation speed of the motor 31, the length and the width of each section of the variable cross section are set in a computer. The rolling mill is started, the motor 31 is connected with the high-speed shaft of the speed reducer 33 through the coupler 32, the low-speed shaft of the speed reducer 33 is connected with the gear box 36 through the connecting flange 34 and the spline sleeve 35, the gear box 36 drives the roller 41 to rotate through the universal coupler 37, the spring flat steel is sent into the rolling mill along the guide platform 49, the roller 41 is driven by the servo hydraulic steel 44 to continuously act, and workpieces meeting the size requirement are rolled.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical rolling mechanism includes a rolling stand 46, a horizontal roller stand 40 is sleeved on the bottom of the inner side of the rolling stand 46 in a matching manner, flat cavities are respectively formed on the upper and lower walls of the roller stand 40 as shown in fig. 4, corresponding roller shaft seats are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of a pair of left and right rollers 41, the upper roller shaft seats are sleeved in the upper flat cavities in a matching manner side by side, and the lower roller shaft seats are sleeved in the lower flat cavities in a matching manner side by side. Servo hydraulic cylinders 44 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the roller frame 40, a connecting beam is fixed at the telescopic end of each servo hydraulic cylinder 44, the connecting beam at each side is respectively pressed against the side surfaces of the upper roller shaft seat 43 and the lower roller shaft seat 43 at the adjacent side, a rolling gap exists between the left roller 41 and the right roller 41, and the rolling gap can be gradually changed under the control of the servo hydraulic cylinders 44 at the two sides.

The gear box 36 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rolling stand 46, the input end of the gear box 36 is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the two parallel output ends of the gear box 36 are downwards in transmission connection with the upper ends of the corresponding rollers 41 through the vertical rolling universal couplings respectively.

As shown in figure 5, the flat rolling mechanism is characterized in that a servo hydraulic cylinder 5 of the flat rolling mill drives an upper roller 7 to adjust a roller gap between the upper roller 7 and a lower roller 8, and the rotating speed of a motor 1 and the length and the thickness of each section of a variable-section plate spring are set in a computer. Starting the rolling mill, connecting the motor 1 with the combined speed reducer 3 through the coupler 2, driving the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 to rotate by the low-speed shaft end of the combined speed reducer 3 through the universal coupler 4, feeding the workpiece rolled by the vertical rolling mill into the rolling mill, driving the upper roller 7 to continuously act through the servo hydraulic cylinder 5, and finally rolling out the variable-section leaf spring.

The roller of the vertical roller mill is provided with a hole pattern, and the roller frame is driven by the lifting hydraulic cylinder to adjust the rolling center line. When the roller is replaced, the push-pull hydraulic cylinder can directly push out the roller frame. The plain mill rolls are without pass as shown in figure 10.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the flat rolling mechanism includes a rolling mill frame 6, a servo hydraulic cylinder 5, an upper roller 7 and a lower roller 8, the rolling mill frame 6 includes left and right side walls, vertical sliding grooves 17 are respectively provided at symmetrical positions of the two side walls, both ends of the upper roller 7 are fitted in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 17 through a lift bearing box 13, and a vertical guide structure is provided between the lift bearing box 13 and the vertical sliding grooves 17.

The two ends of the lower roller 8 are respectively sleeved in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 17 through the fixed bearing boxes 14 in a matching mode, and the fixed bearing boxes 14 on one side or two sides are fixed on the side faces of the vertical sliding grooves 17 through the bearing box fixing seats 15. One end of the upper roller 7 and one end of the lower roller 8 are respectively in transmission connection with the driving mechanism through the transmission mechanism.

And a vertical controllable forward and backward driving device for driving the lifting bearing box 13 to synchronously lift is arranged at the top of the rolling mill stand 6, and the control system controls the vertical controllable forward and backward driving device to propel or lift the upper roller according to the variable cross section setting information. The circumferential side surfaces of the upper roller and the lower roller are cylindrical surfaces.

The driving mechanism comprises an edgewise rolling motor 31 and an edgewise rolling speed reducer 33 which are fixed at the top end of a driving mechanism support, a rotating shaft of the edgewise rolling motor 31 is connected with the input end of the edgewise rolling speed reducer 33 through an edgewise rolling coupler 32, the output end of the edgewise rolling speed reducer 33 is connected with a flange 34, and the flange 34 is connected with the input end of a gear box 36 through a spline sleeve 35 and a corresponding spline shaft.

In the working process, a standard spring flat steel product is usually purchased, a preposed heating furnace is required to be arranged for cutting off materials, each single sheet is heated to the rolling temperature meeting the requirement from the normal temperature, and then the single sheet enters the vertical rolling-horizontal rolling combined machine system for rolling.

The vertical rolling motor 31 is started to drive the gear box 6 through the combined speed reducer 33, the flat rolling universal coupling 34 and the spline sleeve 5, two synchronous opposite-direction output ends of the gear box 6 respectively drive the left roller and the right roller to rotate, and meanwhile, the PLC or the computer controls the roller frame 40 to ascend and descend to a proper pass height according to the position sensor. Simultaneously, a flat rolling motor 1 is started to drive an upper roller and a lower roller to rotate through a combined speed reducer 3 and a flat rolling universal coupling 4 respectively, setting parameters (such as a variable section function) are input into a controller or a computer through input equipment (digital keys), the heated single-chip automobile plate spring is sent into closed

pass

411 and 412 between the left roller and the right roller 41 through a guide platform 49, and the setting parameters are input into the controller or the computer through the input equipment (digital keys) to control a servo hydraulic cylinder 44 to apply different pressures gradually. A proximity sensor can be arranged at the inlet of the guide platform 49, or a pressure sensor is arranged between the end part of each servo hydraulic cylinder and the connecting beam 42 or between the connecting beam 42 and the roller frame 40 and used for feeding back the pressure change curve of each servo hydraulic cylinder so as to ensure that the shuttle-shaped spring flat steel with the suitable inclined plane precision requirement is pressed out, the vertical rolling process is quick in time consumption, and the shuttle-shaped spring flat steel containing waste heat directly enters the flat rolling mill for rolling. The plate spring rolling blank containing the residual heat is fed into the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 through the front material guiding opening 18, as shown in fig. 8, and the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 are not required to have closed hole patterns in the process of being applied to the single-piece variable cross-section rolling process. And controlling the servo hydraulic cylinder 5 to drive the upper roller 7 to gradually push, advance and gradually contract and lift according to the setting. The plate spring rolling stock enters the rolling mill from the front guide device 23 and is used for monitoring the mode of the plate spring rolling stock entering time, a proximity sensor can be installed at the inlet of the front material guide port 18, or a pressure sensor is installed in the gap of the connecting position of the upper roller or the lower roller, and the controller judges that the plate spring rolling stock enters the rolling channel by monitoring signals of each sensor. The upper surface and the lower surface and the vertical surface of the plate spring blank can be respectively shaped by rolling through the rolling channels of the upper roller and the lower roller to form the variable-section flat spring.

Compared with the embodiment 4 in which the variable cross section direct multi-piece (continuous piece) rolling mill can directly and continuously roll the whole hot-rolled spring flat steel (20 m), the invention needs to perform material cutting treatment, and generally, the spring flat steel is cut into a plurality of single spring flat steels with the length of about 800mm, and each single spring flat steel is rolled step by step. In the process of entering a flat rolling mill from a vertical rolling mill, a front material guiding opening 18 and/or a rear material guiding opening 19 are/is arranged on one side surface or two side surfaces of the left side wall and the right side wall of a flat rolling mill frame 6, as shown in fig. 6, a transverse moving adjusting groove 24 is respectively arranged on the material guiding opening 18 and/or the rear material guiding opening 19, and a corresponding front guide device 23 and a corresponding rear guide device are respectively arranged on each transverse moving adjusting groove through bolts and can be adjusted left and right; the front and back guide device comprises a guide groove with a concave middle part, and the notch of the guide groove is conical and used for guiding the plate spring.

Example 3: considering the combination of a steel rolling production line and a self-developed straight-through type multi-piece variable cross-section rolling mill, an energy-saving automobile plate spring short-flow new process is developed by utilizing the waste heat of hot-rolled spring flat steel, as shown in 2 in figure 1.

The processing process flow of the variable cross-section plate spring (the end part is not processed) is as follows: steel billet purchasing → material cutting → heating → rolling (spring flat steel) → rolling (variable cross-section product) → online material cutting and punching (die with cutting head and corner cutter) → secondary heating → quenching → tempering → shot blasting → assembly → electrophoretic coating → packaging and warehousing.

And (3) material cutting, namely calculating the blanking length of the steel billet according to the product process and cutting the steel billet by adopting flame. The material cutting refers to material cutting of a steel billet, a semi-finished product of the automobile plate spring is mostly used as a starting material for processing in the traditional process, and the steel billet is used as a starting material for processing in the embodiment, and after the automobile plate spring is rolled, the automobile plate spring is processed by a variable cross-section process. Therefore, the process can repeatedly utilize the waste heat after the spring flat steel is hot rolled, and further performs the variable cross-section processing process, so that the heating times are reduced, the natural gas energy is saved, the productivity is improved by multiple times, and the production cost is reduced.

Heating, wherein the steel billet enters a gas heating furnace through a rail, passes through a preheating section, a heating section and a heat preservation section in sequence, is discharged after the temperature is raised to about 1150 ℃.

And (4) rolling (spring flat steel), namely, discharging a steel billet out of a furnace, feeding the steel billet into a cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, feeding the rough-rolled steel billet into a continuous rolling mill, continuously rolling the steel billet through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to roll the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at about 950 ℃.

It can be seen that in the necessary steps of rolling the steel billet into the spring flat steel, the spring flat steel containing residual heat is directly input into the variable cross-section rolling mill for rolling, and the heating program step required in the variable cross-section rolling process is omitted. Namely, the step of heating the spring flat steel from normal temperature to 950 ℃ is omitted, the fuel consumption is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met (the traditional process is adopted, a large amount of shutdown and production halt are caused because the traditional process does not meet the environmental protection requirement).

Rolling a variable cross-section product:

Obviously different from the prior process steps, the process steps adopted by the embodiment are as follows: after the spring flat steel is finish rolled, the spring flat steel is cut into a specified length by flying shears according to the process length, and is heated to 950 ℃ by an online heating furnace and then is sent into a variable-section straight-through multi-sheet rolling mill. The variable cross-section straight-through type multi-disc rolling mill adopts a servo hydraulic system, automatically controls the rollers, continuously acts according to the shape of a product, and then the width is trimmed by a common vertical roller rolling mill to finally roll the variable cross-section plate spring.

It can be seen that the variable cross-section treatment process adopted in this example is different from that of example 1, and is to output the continuous variable cross-section spring flat steel through a variable cross-section straight-through multi-sheet rolling mill, wherein the variable cross-section straight-through multi-sheet rolling mill is different from that of example 2, and in order to describe the operation process of the process in detail, the invention is described in detail through example 4 and the attached drawings for the combination system of the vertical rolling mill and the flat rolling mill, and in particular, refer to example 4.

And (3) material breaking and punching, namely, after the workpiece passes through a rolling mill, moving the workpiece to the front of a material breaking and punching machine through a steel moving device, and directly performing online thermal material breaking and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

Secondary heating: the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃. The heating fuel consumption before quenching is small compared to the conventional process. The single spring flat steel after the step of rolling the variable cross section still contains the waste heat of more than 800 ℃, and is heated to 960-.

The rest of the process is the same as in example 1 above.

Example 4: the embodiment is applied to the variable cross-section multi-piece (connected piece) rolling process in the embodiment 3, the servo hydraulic cylinder 5 is used for driving the upper roller 7 according to the product process, the roller gap between the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 is adjusted, the rotating speed of the motor 1 is set in a computer, and the length and the thickness of each section of the variable cross-section plate spring are set. Starting the rolling mill, connecting the motor 1 with the combined speed reducer 3 through the coupler 2, driving the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 to rotate by the low-speed shaft end of the combined speed reducer 3 through the universal coupler 4, feeding the spring flat steel into the rolling mill, driving the upper roller 7 to continuously act through the servo hydraulic cylinder 5, finishing the width through a common vertical rolling mill, and finally rolling the variable-section plate spring.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6 specifically, in the variable cross-section straight-through multi-disc rolling mill shown in the figures, the rolling mechanism comprises a rolling mill frame 6, a servo hydraulic cylinder 5, an upper roller 7 and a lower roller 8, the rolling mill frame 6 comprises a left side wall (or a right side wall), vertical sliding grooves 17 are respectively arranged at symmetrical positions of the two side walls as shown in fig. 3, two ends of the upper roller 7 are sleeved in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 17 in a matching mode through a lifting bearing box 13, and a vertical guide structure is arranged between the lifting bearing box 13 and the vertical sliding grooves 17. As shown in fig. 6, the upper and lower rollers are fitted with the vertical slideway, a track plate 20 is fixed on the side of the vertical sliding slot 17, bearing box sliding seats 22 are respectively fixed on the lifting bearing boxes on both sides of the upper roller, a track slot 21 is respectively arranged on the side of the bearing box sliding seat on each side, and each track slot is fitted on the corresponding track plate 20. The bearing box is internally provided with a cooling channel, circulating cooling water is injected into the cooling channel, and the circulating cooling water is kept to continuously cool the corresponding bearing box when each compression roller works, so that the reliable operation of each compression roller is ensured. And an adjusting mechanism for driving the bearing boxes at the two ends of each compression roller to move vertically is arranged at the same time.

The two ends of the lower roller 8 are respectively sleeved in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 17 through the fixed bearing boxes 14 in a matching mode, and the fixed bearing boxes 14 on one side or two sides are fixed on the side faces of the vertical sliding grooves 17 through the bearing box fixing seats 15. One end of the upper roller 7 and one end of the lower roller 8 are respectively in transmission connection with the driving mechanism through the transmission mechanism, namely, as shown in fig. 6, one end of the upper roller 7 and one end of the lower roller 8 are respectively connected with the corresponding universal couplings 4, the two universal couplings 4 are respectively connected with the output end of the combined speed reducer 3, and the motor 1 is connected with the input end of the combined speed reducer 3 through the coupling 2.

And a controllable forward and backward driving device for driving the lifting bearing box 13 to synchronously move up and down is arranged at the top of the rolling stand 6, and the controllable forward and backward driving device is controlled by a control system to advance or lift the upper roller according to the variable cross-section setting information.

The circumferential side surfaces of the upper roll and the lower roll are respectively provided with a ring flange 121 and a ring groove 122, and can be mutually embedded together, after the embedding, a matching gap exists between the ring flange 121 and the ring groove 122, and a closed pass 12 is formed as a plate spring rolling passage as shown in fig. 9.

The controllable driving and reversing device is characterized in that a servo hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly installed at the top of a rolling mill stand 6, a fixed seat 16 is fixed at the telescopic end part of the servo hydraulic cylinder 5, and the lower sides of the two ends of the fixed seat 16 are respectively and fixedly connected with corresponding lifting bearing boxes 13.

A front material guiding opening 18 and/or a rear material guiding opening 19 are/is arranged on one side surface or two side surfaces of the left side wall and the right side wall of the rolling stand 6, as shown in fig. 6, a transverse moving adjusting groove 24 is respectively arranged on the material guiding opening 18 and/or the rear material guiding opening 19, and a corresponding front guide device 23 and a corresponding rear guide device are respectively arranged on each transverse moving adjusting groove through bolts and can be adjusted left and right; the front and back guide device comprises a guide groove with a concave middle part, and the notch of the guide groove is conical and used for guiding the plate spring.

In the working process of the scheme, the invention mainly aims at the online production process of the automobile plate spring by utilizing the continuity of waste heat after directly feeding the raw material steel billet (a steel coil is cut into a plurality of steel billets with the length of 12 m) into a furnace for rolling. The equipment is connected with a spring flat steel rolling line, the finished spring flat steel rolled by a finished product rack is 900-950 ℃, and a plurality of (namely 12m long) variable-section plate springs are continuously rolled by utilizing waste heat. The starting motor 1 respectively drives the upper roller and the lower roller to rotate through the combined speed reducer 3 and the universal coupling 4, setting parameters (such as variable section functions) are input into a controller or a computer through input equipment (digital keys), plate spring rolling blanks containing waste heat are sent into a closed hole type 12 between the upper roller 7 and the lower roller 8 through a front material guiding opening 18, and the servo hydraulic cylinder 5 is controlled to drive the upper roller 7 to gradually push and gradually contract and lift according to the setting. The way that the plate spring rolling stock enters the corresponding closed pass from the front guide and guard device 23 for monitoring the entering time of the plate spring rolling stock can be that a proximity sensor is arranged at the entrance of the front guide opening 18, or a pressure sensor is arranged in the gap of the connecting position of the upper roller or the lower roller, as shown in fig. 7, the controller judges that the plate spring rolling stock enters the rolling passage by monitoring the signals of each sensor. The closed pass rolling channels formed by the ring flange 121 and the ring groove 122 are respectively arranged on the upper roller and the lower roller, and the vertical rolling mill positioned at the rear side of the plate spring rolling channel can be used for trimming two side edges of the plate spring (the closed pass is not arranged in the vertical rolling, the vertical rolling trimming only enables the vertical surfaces at two sides of the automobile plate spring to have a small amount of compression, and as shown in fig. 11, the vertical rolling trimming 26 is carried out after the closed pass 25 is flat rolled), so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate spring blank can be respectively subjected to rolling shaping, and the rolled product is ensured to be qualified.

Example 5: on the basis of the embodiment 4, the device further comprises an auxiliary frame 11 fixed on one side of the rolling mill stand 6, wherein a roller unloading device 9 is fixedly installed on the auxiliary frame, and the end part of a telescopic rod of the roller unloading device is used for being connected with a bearing box fixing seat at one end of a lower roller or is used for being connected with a lifting bearing box 13. The auxiliary frame 11 is provided with a track at the upper side and extends to the lower part of the roller, and sliding structures matched with the track are arranged at the bottoms of the fixed bearing boxes at the two ends of the lower roller.

In this embodiment, after the bearing cartridge holder 15 is detached from the roll stand 6 (bolted connection), the bearing cartridge holder 15 is pulled outwards by the roll-dismounting device 9, so that both the lower roll and the bearing cartridges fixed at both ends are detached from the vertical runners 17 of the roll stand. After the servo hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the upper roller 7 to move downward, the track grooves 21 of the bearing box sliding seats 22 at both ends thereof are separated from the track plate 20. The lifting chocks 13 at both ends of the upper roll 7 are removed from the fixing bases 16, and the upper roll 7 is pulled out by the roll removing device 9. Thereby respectively discharging the lower roll 8 and the upper roll 7 through the roll discharging device 9. When the other group of upper roller and lower roller is replaced, the upper roller and the lower roller are respectively installed through the roller unloading device 9 in the same way.

The device also comprises a vertical rolling mill positioned at the rear side of the plate spring rolling channel and used for trimming two side edges of the plate spring. The vertical rolling mechanism comprises a rolling mill frame, the bottom of the inner side of the rolling mill frame is matched and sleeved with a horizontal type roller frame, the upper wall and the lower wall of the roller frame are respectively provided with a flat cavity, the upper end and the lower end of a pair of left and right rollers are respectively provided with a corresponding roller shaft seat, the two roller shaft seats at the upper end are sleeved in the upper flat cavity in a matching mode in parallel, and the two roller shaft seats at the lower end are sleeved in the lower flat cavity in a matching mode in parallel; servo hydraulic cylinders are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the roller frame, a connecting beam is fixed at the telescopic end of each servo hydraulic cylinder, the connecting beam at each side is respectively propped against the side surfaces of the shaft seats of the upper and lower rollers at the adjacent sides, a rolling gap exists between the left and right rollers, and the rolling gap can be gradually changed under the control of the servo hydraulic cylinders at the two sides; the upper end of the rolling mill stand is fixedly provided with a gear box, the input end of the gear box is in transmission connection with a driving mechanism through a transmission mechanism, and the two parallel output ends of the gear box are downwards in transmission connection with the upper ends of the corresponding rollers through vertical rolling universal couplings respectively.

Example 6: the traditional equal-section (end part is not machined) automobile plate spring machining process is as shown in the flow 1 in the figure 2: cutting, punching/drilling, heating, arc pressing (a fan-shaped quenching machine, a sample plate is manufactured manually, a mold is fixed, screws are fixed, and an upper fan is provided with a hydraulic cylinder to move up and down), quenching, tempering, shot blasting, assembling, painting, packaging and warehousing. The processing technology can only form single-station automatic production, cannot form an automatic production line, is high in labor cost, low in production efficiency, high in transfer cost among stations, high in heating frequency and capable of wasting waste heat of hot-rolled spring flat steel.

Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional equal-section automobile plate spring machining process, the embodiment has the following flow as 2 in fig. 2 through process improvement: breaking, heating, online punching, hot rolling forming machine, quenching, tempering, shot blasting, assembling, electrophoretic coating, packaging and warehousing.

Specifically, the constant cross-section (end portion not machined) automobile plate spring is specifically machined as follows.

Material breaking: according to the material cutting length of the product process, cutting the material by using a material cutting machine; and (4) cutting the purchased automobile plate spring by using a cutting machine according to the cutting length of the product process. The automobile plate spring is a semi-finished automobile plate spring product purchased outside, the semi-finished automobile plate spring product is mostly processed by the traditional process, and the semi-finished automobile plate spring product is better compared with the prior art and is also processed by the automobile plate spring product.

Heating: the spring flat steel sequentially enters a heating furnace for heating, and the heating temperature is 960-.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment adopts the mode of integrally heating after material breaking to perform online punching. The prior art is not suitable for punching after heating, so that the prior art is not suitable for on-line punching. The reason is that the existing process needs to perform multiple stamping forming of a single sheet on the basis of manual sample forging and mold setting, the manual participation degree is high, and continuous cycle operation cannot be performed.

Hot roll forming: after hot punching, the product with the equal cross section is automatically sent into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring are input according to the product process, the upper roller and the lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine are automatically adjusted through system calculation to form the radian required by the product, and a sample plate is not required to be manufactured manually and hot-pressed and formed. This step may be carried out by using "automobile plate spring hot roll forming machine" which was autonomously developed as described in example 7.

Quenching: the steel plate is sent to an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine which is independently researched and developed through a roller way to be formed, and then falls into a quenching tank to be quenched, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃.

Example 7: the method is applied to the process for processing the automobile plate spring with the uniform cross section in the embodiment 6, and waste heat-containing arc rolling forming is carried out on the single automobile plate spring after hot rolling. The automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine shown in fig. 12 and 13 comprises a frame 68 and a rolling support 69, wherein the rolling support 69 is fixed at the rear end of the frame 68, a motor 61, a speed reducer 62 and a multi-shaft gear box 63 are sequentially arranged on the frame 68 from front to back, a motor rotating shaft is connected with the input end of the speed reducer 62 through a coupling, the output end of the speed reducer 62 is connected with the input end of the multi-shaft gear box 63 through a coupling, and a plurality of output ends of the multi-shaft gear box 63 are respectively connected with the input ends of corresponding press rollers 67 through corresponding universal couplings 64.

As can be seen from fig. 13 and 14, the pressing roller system includes a plurality of sets of pressing rollers 67, each set of pressing rollers 67 has at least an upper pressing roller 671 and a lower pressing roller 672 which are parallel to each other and have a fit clearance, the plurality of sets of pressing rollers are sequentially arranged to form an arc, and an arc rolling channel is formed between the upper and lower pressing rollers in the plurality of sets of pressing rollers. And furthermore, an inward-concave rolling ring groove 673 is formed in the middle of the lower compression roller of each group of compression rollers. Owing to there are a plurality of bottom rollers, every bottom roller all contains roll extrusion annular 673 to a plurality of roll extrusion annular 673 cooperations have formed the fluted passage, can prevent that the leaf spring from advancing the process and appearing the lateral bend, to the leaf spring that has the lateral bend (partial leaf spring leads to the cooling state because of heating inhomogeneous factor to be straight board and the complete phenomenon after the heating), have the effect of alignment.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the two ends of the plurality of sets of rollers are respectively mounted in the corresponding bearing boxes 75 of the rolling bracket 69 through bearings. The bearing box 75 contains a cooling channel, and circulating cooling water is injected into the cooling channel, so that when each compression roller works, the circulating cooling water is kept to continuously cool the corresponding bearing box, and the reliable operation of each compression roller is ensured. And an adjusting mechanism for driving the bearing boxes 75 at both ends of each press roll to move vertically is also provided. Specifically, the bearing boxes 75 at the two ends of the plurality of sets of the compression rollers are respectively installed in the corresponding vertical slideways 72 at the two sides of the rolling support 69, and the lifting adjusting devices are installed at the upper side or the lower side of the corresponding bearing boxes 75, and the bearing positions of the ends of the compression rollers are respectively adjusted and positioned by using the lifting adjusting devices, so that the height of each compression roller is determined, and the thickness of the fit clearance between the compression roller sets is determined.

In the embodiment, the lifting adjusting device is that a worm and gear box 66 is arranged at the top or the bottom of the vertical slideway 72, the inner end of a vertical lifting rod 74 connected with a worm shaft is fixedly connected with a bearing box part, a servo motor 65 is connected with a worm shaft 663, the servo motor 65 is fixed at one side of the rolling bracket 69 through a motor base 71, and a worm wheel 661 is meshed with a worm 662. The control section includes programming the computer and utilizing computer software as a parameter input and control output device for controlling the respective rotation of the servo motors 65 in accordance with the parameter values. The automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine adopts the servo motor 65 to adjust the roll gap and the radian, workers only need to input the thickness and the curvature radius of a plate spring into a computer, the position of each roll can be automatically adjusted, and spring flat steel automatically enters equipment through a roller way.

This embodiment still includes to set up feeding pinch mechanism at the feed end, as shown in fig. 14, and this push mechanism includes the crowded sending roller set 77 that comprises a pair of upper and lower rolls, has the centre gripping clearance between the upper and lower roll, and upper and lower roll both ends are installed in vertical groove through bearing and bearing box 75, and upper and lower bearing box 75 can be followed vertical regulation.

It can be seen that a spring chamber is provided at the upper side of the vertical groove and a guide rod 78 is installed in the spring chamber, and a push spring 79 is sleeved outside the guide rod 78 and the lower end of the push spring is supported on the surface of the upper roller bearing box 75. Further, a guide device 80 is arranged right in front of the clamping gap, and two sides of the guide device are arranged on two sides of the rolling support 69 through material guiding openings. Be provided with vertical bar hole on the guide port of both sides and be used for adjusting guide device 80 height, for example set up the gim peg and lock mother on rolling support 69, vertical bar hole suit can be fixed by the lock mother after the gim peg outside is adjusted in the upgrading.

When the universal pressing roller device is used, the motor 61 is kept to rotate after being started, the multi-shaft gear box 63 is transmitted through the speed reducer 62, a plurality of synchronous output shafts of the multi-shaft gear box 63 are respectively connected with the input end of the universal coupling 64, and the output ends of the universal coupling 6 devices 4 respectively drive the corresponding pressing rollers to independently rotate. The thickness and curvature radius parameters of the plate spring are input into a computer (or the thickness and curvature radius parameters are input into the PLC through keys, corresponding parameters are displayed through a display on a rack 68), the servo motors 65 are controlled by the output of the computer or the output of the PLC to rotate corresponding turns and angles according to the setting, the servo motors 65 are respectively connected with the input end of a worm gear box 66, the worm is used as the input end, a worm gear 661 is used as the output end, the worm gear shaft is a hollow shaft, a lifting rod 74 is sleeved in a shaft center tube cavity of the worm gear shaft in a matched mode, and a spline between the lifting rod 74 and the tube cavity of the worm gear shaft is sleeved, and the lifting rod 74 and the tube cavity of the worm gear shaft can only lift axially and cannot rotate relatively. The lower section of the lifting rod 74 is a threaded section 81, and the outer side of the threaded section is connected with a pressing nut which is fixed in the vertical sliding of the rolling support 69, so that the lifting rod 74 can automatically move up and down after rotating. The lower end of the lifting rod 74 is rotatably connected to a corresponding lift bearing cartridge 75 (or via a slider 73). Thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of each roller and forming the arranged rolling gap and curvature. The hot spring flat steel blank automatically enters the equipment through the guide device 80 through the extrusion roller set 77 of the feeding and feeding mechanism, and the hot spring flat steel blank forms an arc shape after passing through the arc rolling channel. The groove channels are formed by matching the rolling ring grooves 673, so that the plate spring can be prevented from being bent laterally in the advancing process, and the plate spring with the lateral bending has the straightening effect. The equipment is simple to operate, the working process of the equipment is in a pass-through mode, the radian of a product is even compared with that of the traditional hot-press forming, the tolerance of the arc height is small, and the production efficiency is high.

Example 8: considering the combination of a steel rolling production line and an autonomously developed 'automobile plate spring one-time hot rolling forming machine', an energy-saving automobile plate spring short-flow new process is developed by utilizing the waste heat of hot-rolled spring flat steel, as shown in 2 in fig. 2. The simple process of the equal-section plate spring (without machining the end part) is as follows: the method comprises the steps of steel billet purchasing, material breaking, heating, rolling (spring flat steel), online material breaking and punching, secondary heating, quenching, tempering, shot blasting, assembling, electrophoretic coating, packaging and warehousing.

Specifically, the short-flow processing technology for the constant-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps.

In the necessary steps of rolling the steel billet into the spring flat steel, the spring flat steel containing residual heat is directly input into a variable cross-section rolling mill for rolling, and the heating procedure step required in the variable cross-section rolling process is omitted. Namely, the step of heating the spring flat steel from the normal temperature to 950 ℃ is omitted, the fuel consumption is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met.

Online material breaking and punching: after the workpiece passes through the rolling mill, the workpiece is moved to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and the material is directly subjected to online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.

Secondary heating: the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃.

The heating fuel consumption before quenching is small compared to the conventional process. The single spring flat steel after the step of rolling the variable cross section still contains the waste heat of more than 800 ℃, and is heated to 960-.

Hot rolling of the uniform cross-section product: the plate spring hot rolling forming machine is automatically fed into the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, the thickness and the curvature radius of the plate spring are input according to the product process, the upper roller and the lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine are automatically adjusted through system calculation, the radian required by a product is formed, and a sample plate is not required to be manufactured manually and is subjected to hot pressing forming. This step may be carried out by using "automobile plate spring hot roll forming machine" which was autonomously developed as described in example 7.

Tempering: putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-;

Claims

1. A short-flow processing technology for a variable cross-section automobile plate spring is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) material breaking: according to the material cutting length of the product process, cutting the automobile plate spring by using a material cutting machine to form a single sheet;

(2) heating: sequentially feeding each single spring flat steel into a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 950 +/-10 ℃;

(3) punching on line: hot punching each single spring flat steel after discharging from the furnace through an online punching machine;

(4) rolling variable cross section: the method comprises the following steps of (1) utilizing a variable cross-section straight-through single-piece rolling mill, enabling a workpiece to enter a vertical roll mill of the single-piece rolling mill through a roller way, enabling vertical rolls on the left side and the right side of the vertical roll mill to simultaneously adopt a servo hydraulic propulsion system, automatically controlling the rolling reduction of a dynamic vertical roll, pressing the workpiece into a shuttle shape, then enabling the workpiece to enter a flat roll mill, enabling an upper roll of the flat roll mill to adopt the servo hydraulic propulsion system, automatically controlling, enabling an upper roll to act according to the shape of the product, directly rolling out a variable cross-section plate spring (the finish rolling temperature is 850 ℃), and sending the variable cross-section plate spring into a next process;

(6) quenching: conveying the workpiece into a quenching forming machine through a roller way for quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 and 880 ℃;

(7) tempering: putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-;

(8) shot blasting: putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;

(9) assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clamp irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly;

(10) electrophoretic coating: the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in an upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sent to a lower hanging area through the hook after being sequentially treated by procedures of water washing, twice pure water washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure water washing, drying and the like, so that the electrophoretic coating procedure is completed, and the coating is environment-friendly water-based;

2. The short-process machining process of the variable cross-section automobile plate spring according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the variable cross-section plate spring is directly rolled after vertical rolling and horizontal rolling, and then sent to the next process after on-line end cutting/corner cutting.

3. A short-flow processing technology for a variable cross-section automobile plate spring is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) material cutting, namely calculating the blanking length of the steel billet according to the product process, and cutting the steel billet by adopting flame;

(2) heating, namely feeding the steel billet into a gas heating furnace through a rail, sequentially passing through a preheating section, a heating section and a heat preservation section, raising the temperature to about 1150 ℃ and then discharging the steel billet out of the furnace;

(3) rolling the spring flat steel, namely, taking the steel billet out of the furnace, then feeding the steel billet into a rolling mill through a roller way for rolling, rolling the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at 950 +/-10 ℃;

(4) rolling a variable cross-section product: after the spring flat steel is finish rolled, the spring flat steel is sent into a variable cross-section flat rolling mill through a roller way, the upper roller of the flat rolling mill adopts a servo hydraulic propulsion system and is automatically controlled, the upper roller acts according to the shape of a product, the width of the product is trimmed through a common vertical rolling mill, the variable cross-section flat spring is rolled out, and the product is sent to the next procedure;

(5) material cutting and punching, namely, after a workpiece passes through a rolling mill, moving the workpiece to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and directly performing online thermal material cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃;

(6) secondary heating: by utilizing the waste heat, the workpieces sequentially enter a medium-frequency induction heating furnace through a roller way to be heated to 960-980 ℃;

(7) quenching: conveying the workpiece into a quenching forming machine through a roller way for quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 and 880 ℃;

(8) tempering: putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-;

(9) shot blasting: putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;

(10) assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clamp irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly;

(11) electrophoretic coating: the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in an upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sent to a lower hanging area through the hook after being sequentially treated by procedures of water washing, twice pure water washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure water washing, drying and the like, so that the electrophoretic coating procedure is completed, and the coating is environment-friendly water-based;

4. The short-process manufacturing process of the variable cross-section automobile plate spring as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (3), the spring flat steel is rolled, wherein the steel billet is taken out of the furnace, enters the cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, enters the continuous rolling mill through rough rolling, is continuously rolled through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to obtain the spring flat steel with the required specification, and the temperature after rolling is kept at 950 +/-10 ℃.

5. The short-process machining process of the variable cross-section automobile plate spring according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step (4), when a variable cross-section product is rolled, after the spring flat steel is subjected to finish rolling, the spring flat steel is cut into a specified length by flying shears according to the process length, and the spring flat steel is heated to 950 +/-10 ℃ by an online heating furnace and then sent to a variable cross-section straight-through multi-plate rolling mill; the variable cross-section straight-through type multi-disc rolling mill adopts a servo hydraulic system, automatically controls the rollers, continuously acts according to the shape of a product, and then the width is trimmed by a common vertical roller rolling mill to finally roll the variable cross-section plate spring.

6. A short-flow processing technology for a constant-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps:

(1) material breaking: according to the material cutting length of the product process, cutting the material by using a material cutting machine;

(2) heating: the spring flat steel sequentially enters a heating furnace for heating, and the heating temperature is 960-980 ℃;

(3) punching on line: performing hot punching on the workpiece discharged from the furnace by using an online punching machine;

(4) hot roll forming: automatically feeding the product with the equal cross section after hot punching into an automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, inputting the thickness and the curvature radius of a plate spring according to the product process, and automatically adjusting an upper roller and a lower roller of the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through system calculation to form the radian required by the product without manually manufacturing a sample plate and hot pressing;

(5) quenching: sending the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine into an independently developed automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, and then, falling into a quenching tank for quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 and 880 ℃;

(6) tempering: putting the workpiece subjected to quenching treatment into a tempering furnace, setting the furnace temperature at 460-;

(7) shot blasting: putting the heat-treated workpiece on a conveying chain of a shot blasting machine, and enabling the workpiece to enter the shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;

(8) assembling: the workpiece after shot blasting treatment and auxiliary parts such as outsourcing bolts, clamp irons and the like are placed on a general assembly line, and are sent to the next procedure after assembly;

(9) electrophoretic coating: the semi-finished product of the steel plate spring is sent into an electrophoretic coating production line in an upper hanging area through a hook on a slide rail, and is sent to a lower hanging area through the hook after being sequentially treated by procedures of water washing, twice pure water washing, cathode electrophoresis, twice pure water washing, drying and the like, so that the electrophoretic coating procedure is completed, and the coating is environment-friendly water-based;

7. A short-flow processing technology for a constant-section automobile plate spring comprises the following steps:

(3) rolling (spring flat steel), namely, discharging a steel billet out of a furnace, feeding the steel billet into a cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, feeding the rough-rolled steel billet into a continuous rolling mill, continuously rolling the steel billet through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to roll the spring flat steel with the required specification, and keeping the temperature after rolling at about 950 ℃;

(4) online material breaking and punching: after the workpiece passes through a rolling mill, the workpiece is moved to the front of a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, and the material is directly subjected to online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, wherein the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃;

(7) quenching: sending the automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine into an independently developed automobile plate spring hot rolling forming machine through a roller way, and then, falling into a quenching tank for quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 and 880 ℃;

8. The short-process manufacturing process of the constant-section automobile plate spring as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step (3), the spring flat steel is rolled, wherein the steel billet is taken out of the furnace, enters the cogging mill through a roller way for rough rolling, enters the continuous rolling mill through the rough rolling steel billet, is continuously rolled through preset product parameters on the continuous rolling mill to obtain the spring flat steel with the required specification, and the temperature after rolling is kept at about 950 ℃.

9. The short-process machining process of the constant-section automobile plate spring according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step (4), after the spring flat steel is subjected to finish rolling, the spring flat steel is cut into a specified length through a flying shear according to the process length, a workpiece is moved to a material cutting and punching machine through a steel moving device, the material is directly subjected to online thermal cutting and punching according to the process length, and the temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃.