CN113458175A - Spring steel processing method - Google Patents

Spring steel processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113458175A
CN113458175A CN202110686752.8A CN202110686752A CN113458175A CN 113458175 A CN113458175 A CN 113458175A CN 202110686752 A CN202110686752 A CN 202110686752A CN 113458175 A CN113458175 A CN 113458175A
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steel
steel plate
processing method
spring
spring steel
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CN202110686752.8A
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周传盛
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/02Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D21/00Combined processes according to methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D19/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B2001/225Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a processing method of spring steel, relates to the technical field of plate spring manufacturing, and solves the technical problems that in the spring steel production process in the prior art, flat steel needs to be purchased and heated for the second time, the subsequent processing process can be carried out, energy is wasted, and the cost is increased. The processing method comprises the following steps: preparing a steel billet; conveying the steel billet into a rolling mill for hot rolling forming, and outputting the steel billet into a steel plate; conveying the steel plate into a correcting device, and leveling and straightening the steel plate; the steel plate is output from the correcting device and input into the bending device, and the bending operation is carried out on the steel plate; and carrying out quenching and tempering cooling procedures on the bent steel plate to obtain the finished product spring steel. The invention utilizes the high-temperature waste heat after the steel plate is rolled to directly carry out on-line heat treatment, optimizes the production, reduces the secondary heating process, automatically processes and operates the subsequent processes, saves the energy and labor cost, and improves the production efficiency and the quality of the spring steel.

Description

Spring steel processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spring manufacturing, in particular to a spring steel processing method.
Background
In the existing production of plate spring, flat steel is purchased from steel mills, the flat steel is a steel product with a certain width and thickness, a rectangular section and a slightly truncated edge, the flat steel can be a finished steel product or a thin slab, and the market price of each ton of the flat steel is about 500 yuan higher than that of a steel billet. The flat steel is bought back and still need to carry out secondary heating to it and just can carry out subsequent processing procedure to the leaf spring factory, not only greatly increased the cost, still can greatly waste the energy.
In addition, the processing of current spring steel enterprise to original technology uses manual work or manipulator to operate more, and output is low, and is with high costs and have certain production defect, for example, in current processing, after steel processed into spring steel sheet, send into manual regulation's pressure tooth with it, press the shaping with the steel sheet clamp-pressing under the drive effect of hydro-cylinder, put into the quenching agent with it again and carry out the quenching treatment, however, the speed that the shaping of manual regulation pressure tooth is slow and the regulation precision is low to lead to that production speed is slow and with high costs. In the quenching process, the formed spring steel sheet is clamped and fed into quenching liquid by the pressing teeth, and the quenching liquid is difficult to enter a tooth pressing bending part, so that the quenching is uneven, the product quality is influenced, the labor cost is high, and the production efficiency is low. Moreover, the existing heat treatment process needs to be carried out manually, more than 30 workers are needed for bending heating treatment and subsequent quenching and tempering, the labor cost is high, the accuracy of manual operation equipment is low, and the generated waste accounts for about five percent of the total output. Domestic leaf spring manufacturing enterprises are old in technology and not suitable for the production of the Chinese leaf spring industry.
Therefore, how to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, in the spring steel production process, the flat steel needs to be purchased and heated for the second time to perform the subsequent processing process, which wastes energy and increases the cost, becomes an important technical problem to be solved by the personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spring steel processing method, which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, in the spring steel production process, the subsequent processing process can be carried out only by purchasing flat steel and carrying out secondary heating on the flat steel, the energy is wasted, and the cost is increased. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a processing method of spring steel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a steel billet;
s2, conveying the steel billet into a rolling mill for hot rolling forming, and outputting the steel billet into a steel plate;
s3, conveying the steel plate into a correcting device, and leveling and straightening the steel plate;
s4, outputting the steel plate from the correcting device and inputting the steel plate into a bending device, and performing bending operation on the steel plate;
and S5, carrying out quenching and tempering cooling procedures on the bent steel plate to obtain the finished spring steel.
Preferably, before step S3, step S31 is provided: and (5) conveying the steel plate subjected to the step S2 into a temperature adjusting device through a first conveying mechanism, so that the steel plate is output after the temperature of the steel plate reaches a preset temperature, and then entering the step S3.
Preferably, in step S31, the temperature adjusting device adjusts the preset temperature of the steel plate to 840 ℃ to 860 ℃.
Preferably, in step S31, the temperature of the steel sheet by the temperature control device is controlled by electric heating or gas injection heating.
Preferably, in step S5, the steel sheet is subjected to quench liquid spray quenching by a spray device at the outlet of the press bending device.
Preferably, in step S5, the steel sheet after the spray quenching is guided to fall into a quenching bath, and the steel sheet is soaked and cooled, guided out by a second conveying mechanism, and then subjected to a tempering process.
Preferably, in step S5, the steel plate after spray quenching is dragged and dropped into the quenching bath by pressing wheels located at both sides thereof.
Preferably, in step S3, a butting multi-contact leveling operation is performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate, and a butting multi-contact straightening operation is simultaneously performed on both long sides of the steel plate.
Preferably, the method further includes a cutting process performed after the press bending process in step S4 or after the annealing process in step S5.
Preferably, the temperature adjusting device, the first conveying mechanism, the correcting device and the bending device are all adjusted to operate through a control box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the steel billet is directly rolled into the steel plate, the online heat treatment operation of leveling, straightening, bending, quenching and tempering is carried out on the steel plate by using the high-temperature waste heat after rolling, the high-temperature waste heat after rolling the steel plate can be fully and effectively utilized, the production is optimized, the secondary heating process is reduced, the great waste of energy sources caused by purchasing flat steel for secondary heating in the prior art is greatly reduced, the subsequent leveling, straightening, bending, quenching and tempering are automatically processed and operated on an automatic production line, the working strength of workers is greatly reduced, the energy and manpower production cost is saved, the production efficiency and the quality of the spring steel are improved, and the steel billet is directly purchased for production, so that the purchase and processing cost of the spring steel is greatly saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the processing steps of spring steel provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic processing process diagram of a spring steel processing device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 1-steel billet; 2-rolling mill; 3-a leveling mechanism; 4-a straightening mechanism; 5-a bending device; 6-a pressure wheel; 7-a spraying device; 8-a quenching bath; 9-a temperature adjusting device; 10-a control box; 11-a first conveying mechanism; 12-a second conveying mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a spring steel processing method, which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, in the spring steel production process, the subsequent processing process can be carried out only by purchasing flat steel and carrying out secondary heating on the flat steel, the energy is wasted, and the cost is increased.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims. The entire contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those required as solutions of the inventions described in the claims.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a method of processing spring steel, including:
s1, preparing the billet 1, i.e., the worker may purchase the billet 1 and process it.
S2, conveying the steel billet 1 into a rolling mill 2 for hot rolling forming, and outputting the steel billet into a steel plate, namely, hot rolling forming is carried out on the steel billet 1, so that the steel billet can be rolled into a flat plate-shaped structure, and the steel billet can still have residual temperature after being output, wherein the residual temperature is usually 1000 ℃, and the residual temperature of the steel plate is close to the processing temperature of the subsequent processing procedure so as to enter the subsequent processing procedure.
S3, conveying the steel plate into the correcting device, leveling and straightening the steel plate by utilizing the residual heat of the steel plate, enabling the shape and the position of the steel plate to be more regular, and enabling the steel plate to enter the subsequent bending device 5 more smoothly so as to improve the processing precision of the steel plate.
S4, the steel plate is output from the correcting device and enters the bending device 5 to be bent, the steel plate can be bent by utilizing the residual heat of the steel plate, and the steel plate can be quickly and conveniently machined and formed.
And S5, performing a cooling process of quenching and tempering on the bent steel plate to obtain the finished spring steel, namely performing online heat treatment on the steel plate by using the residual heat of the steel plate to complete the quenching and tempering process, so that the waste of energy caused by secondary heating of the steel plate is avoided.
According to the arrangement, the steel billet 1 is directly rolled into the steel plate, the rolled high-temperature waste heat is utilized to perform online heat treatment operations of leveling, straightening, bending, quenching and tempering on the steel plate, the high-temperature waste heat after the steel plate is rolled can be fully and effectively utilized, the production is optimized, the secondary heating process is reduced, the great waste of energy sources caused by the purchase of flat steel secondary heating in the prior art is greatly reduced, the subsequent leveling, straightening, bending, quenching and tempering are automatically processed and operated on an automatic production line, the working strength of workers is greatly reduced, the energy and manpower production cost is saved, the production efficiency and the quality of the spring steel are improved, in addition, the price of each ton of the steel billet 1 is 500 yuan lower than that of each ton of the flat steel billet, the steel billet 1 is directly purchased for production, the purchase and processing cost of the spring steel is greatly saved, the technical problems that in the spring steel production process in the prior art, the flat steel needs to be purchased and subjected to secondary heating, the subsequent processing procedure can be carried out, the energy is wasted, and the cost is increased are solved.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1-2, the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, before step S3, provides step S31: the steel plate after the step S2 is conveyed into the temperature adjusting device 9 through the first conveying mechanism 11, so that the temperature of the steel plate reaches the preset temperature and then is output and enters the step S3, that is, before the steel plate enters the subsequent automatic production line, the temperature of the steel plate is ensured to be within the proper processing temperature range of the subsequent leveling, straightening, bending and quenching procedures according to the difference of the material and the quenching temperature of the spring steel, so as to avoid the temperature of the steel plate from being too high or too low, and the temperature adjusting device 9 directly adjusts the temperature of the steel plate with residual temperature so as to directly enter the subsequent processing procedures, and the residual temperature of the steel plate is close to the processing temperature range of the subsequent processing procedures, so that the on-line heat treatment can be directly carried out after the rolling procedure without carrying out large cooling or heating, thereby avoiding large energy loss of secondary large heating temperature increase, reducing the secondary heating times, and better protecting the original high-quality properties of the steel plate, the mixing of impurities is reduced, and the quality of the finished product is improved.
Further, in step S31, the temperature adjusting device 9 adjusts the preset temperature of the steel plate to 840 to 860 ℃, which meets the quenching temperature range of the spring steel plate, and the steel plate is directly subjected to on-line quenching heat treatment after leveling, straightening and bending, so that the processing is faster and more convenient. Here, it should be noted that, outside the correcting device and the press bending device 5, a heat-insulating box may be additionally provided so that leveling and press bending operations of the steel plate are performed during heat insulation, thereby reducing heat loss of the steel plate and achieving a better quenching effect.
Further, in step S31, the temperature adjustment device 9 adjusts the temperature of the steel plate by electrical heating or gas injection heating, the heating speed is fast and efficient, the temperature adjustment device 9 may be, but not limited to, a medium-high frequency induction heating coil, a gas injection heating furnace or an electrical heating box furnace, the temperature adjustment device 9 may cool the steel plate by air cooling, water cooling or natural cooling, that is, the temperature adjustment device 9 may be, but not limited to, a negative pressure fan, a cooling water curtain mechanism or a variable speed conveying mechanism, and can effectively adjust the temperature of the steel plate.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, at the outlet of the bending device 5, the spraying device 7 performs quenching liquid spraying quenching on the steel plate, that is, the steel plate is bent and then suspended for output, and the spraying device 7 performs dead-corner-free spraying quenching on both sides of the steel plate, so that the quenching of the steel plate is more uniform, and the quenching effect of the steel plate and the finished product quality of the steel plate are greatly improved.
Further, in step S5, the steel sheet after the spray quenching is guided to fall into the quenching bath 8, and the temperature of the steel sheet can be further lowered by quenching, so that the temperature of the steel sheet can be quickly lowered to a temperature required for the tempering process. The quenching liquid in the quenching tank 8 soaks the steel plate and cools down the back rethread second conveying mechanism 12 with it to leading out and get into the tempering process, second conveying mechanism 12 can be for the ascending conveyer belt structure that sets up of slope, can upwards draw the steel plate to the outside from 8 bottoms of quenching tank 8 with the steel plate slant, and then get into the tempering process smoothly, and is more swift high-efficient to the cooling of steel plate, and can pass through the automatic transport operation of second conveying mechanism 12, the artificial working strength has greatly been reduced, and work is more high-efficient.
Further, in step S5, the steel plate after the spray quenching is clamped by the press wheels 6 located on both sides thereof and is pulled downward into the quenching tank 8, that is, the free end of the bent steel plate can enter the press wheels 6, the press wheels 6 can clamp and pull the steel plate downward, and the press wheels 6 and the bending wheels can act together to straighten and spread the steel plate, so that the steel plate can be better subjected to spray quenching, and the press wheels 6 pull the steel plate downward, so that the steel plate can be prevented from being stuck in the correction device, the bending device 5 and the subsequent quenching tank 8, and the steel plate can be more smoothly and quickly processed and transported.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the calibrating device includes leveling mechanisms 3 disposed opposite to each other on the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate and leveling mechanisms 4 disposed opposite to each other on both long side surfaces of the steel plate, and performs a butt multi-contact leveling operation on the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate and simultaneously performs a butt multi-contact leveling operation on both long side surfaces of the steel plate, so that the shape error of the steel plate can be leveled, the machining accuracy can be improved, and the quality of the finished product can be improved.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes a cutting process, where the cutting process is performed after the press bending process in step S4 or after the annealing process in step S5, and the laser cutting process can be performed according to a required specification to cut into a finished specification shape, so that the specification of the product shape is more varied.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjusting device 9, the first conveying mechanism 11, the correcting device and the press bending device 5 are all adjusted to operate through the control box 10, that is, the invention adopts the control box 10 to control and adjust the working states of the temperature adjusting device 9, the first conveying mechanism 11, the correcting device and the press bending device 5, so as to form an automatic production line, so that the processing of the steel plate is more efficient and convenient, and the manual working strength is greatly reduced. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for processing spring steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a steel billet;
s2, conveying the steel billet into a rolling mill for hot rolling forming, and outputting the steel billet into a steel plate;
s3, conveying the steel plate into a correcting device, and leveling and straightening the steel plate;
s4, outputting the steel plate from the correcting device and inputting the steel plate into a bending device, and performing bending operation on the steel plate;
and S5, carrying out quenching and tempering cooling procedures on the bent steel plate to obtain the finished spring steel.
2. The spring steel processing method according to claim 1, wherein, before step S3, step S31 is provided: and (5) conveying the steel plate subjected to the step S2 into a temperature adjusting device through a first conveying mechanism, so that the steel plate is output after the temperature of the steel plate reaches a preset temperature, and then entering the step S3.
3. The spring steel processing method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature adjusting means adjusts the steel plate to a predetermined temperature of 840 ℃ to 860 ℃ in step S31.
4. The spring steel processing method according to claim 2, wherein in step S31, the temperature of the steel sheet is controlled by the temperature control device by electric heating or gas jet heating.
5. The spring steel processing method according to claim 1, wherein the steel sheet is quenched by a quenching liquid jet at an outlet of a press bending device by a jet device in step S5.
6. The spring steel processing method according to claim 5, wherein in step S5, the steel sheet after the spray quenching is guided and dropped into a quenching bath, and the steel sheet is soaked and cooled, guided out by a second conveying mechanism, and then subjected to a tempering process.
7. The spring steel processing method according to claim 6, wherein in step S5, the steel plate after the spray quenching is sandwiched and dragged by pressing wheels on both sides thereof and then dropped into the quenching bath.
8. The spring steel processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the upper and lower surfaces of the steel plate are subjected to a butt multi-contact leveling operation, and the two long sides of the steel plate are simultaneously subjected to a butt multi-contact straightening operation.
9. The spring steel processing method according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting process performed after the press bending process in step S4 or after the tempering process in step S5.
10. The spring steel processing method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature adjusting device, the first conveying mechanism, the correcting device and the press bending device are all adjusted to operate through a control box.
CN202110686752.8A 2021-06-21 2021-06-21 Spring steel processing method Pending CN113458175A (en)

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CN113977196B (en) * 2021-10-27 2022-12-13 于本利 Method for processing reinforcing steel bar connecting locking sheet for building

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