CN112170487B - 一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/46—Roll speed or drive motor control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/005—Copper or its alloys
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法,首先,在钢板上进行预浸铝工艺;其次,待在所述钢板上完成预浸铝工艺后,在热态下进行电弧沉积工艺,所述电弧沉积工艺能复合一层铅青铜层;最后,利用轧辊进行轧制成复合要求的金属板。经过热浸镀铝工序后的钢板具有良好的抗铜渗透性能,其次铅青铜复合后得到的金属材料界面结合强度高,增加铜和钢的结合强度,水冷轧辊的轧制能提高产品的屈服强度,获得的板材界面缺陷少,结合好,整体力学性能高,是一种适用于制造高承载轴瓦的原材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制造重载柴油机,板材冷轧机及其它中低速重载传动设备用轴瓦的原材料制备方法领域,尤其涉及一种复合型的用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法。
背景技术
薄壁轴瓦已普遍采用双层及多层复合结构材料。钢背材料(Steel Backing)作为基底材料,提供轴瓦的强度;铜合金中间层(Alloy)作为耐磨层,一般硬度较低,提供对轴的保护作用;外涂层(Overlay)作为减摩层,选择顺应性和嵌藏性更好的铝基合金。三层材料的强度和硬度由外向内依次降低,厚度也依次减小。
目前,我国轴瓦材料一般采用粉末冶金方式制备,具有加工效率高,工艺控制简便等优势。然而,在重载条件下,粉末冶金多层轴瓦材料的组织致密性对轴瓦工况条件下的耐疲劳性能有影响,而国外产品一般采用连续铸轧等液相复合方式制备轴瓦基材,但由于控制工艺复杂,价格昂贵。
因此本发明专利发明人,针对连续铸轧等液相复合方式工艺复杂、价格昂贵的问题,旨在发明一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法。
发明内容
为克服上述缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法。
为了达到以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法,首先,在钢板上进行预浸铝工艺;其次,待在所述钢板上完成预浸铝工艺后,在热态下进行电弧沉积工艺,所述电弧沉积工艺能复合一层铅青铜层;最后,利用轧辊进行轧制成复合要求的金属板。
优选地,所述钢板采用低碳钢板。
优选地,所述预浸铝工艺采用的预浸铝溶液的温度为500-550℃,浸入速度为30-45cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟。
优选地,所述电弧沉积工艺,在复合一层1-2mm的铅青铜时控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
优选地,所述轧制工艺选择水冷轧辊进行连续轧制,且轧制过程中轧辊温度为30-70℃,轧制的速度为30-50cm/min。
优选地,所述电弧沉积工艺和轧制工艺均在上一工艺后立即进行。电弧沉积时,利用预浸铝工艺的余热能有很好的焊缝,轧制工艺由于采用水冷轧辊,一热一冷能很好的提高产品的屈服强度。
本发明一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法的有益效果是,经过热浸镀铝工序后的钢板具有良好的抗铜渗透性能,其次铅青铜复合后得到的金属材料界面结合强度高,增加铜和钢的结合强度,水冷轧辊的轧制能提高产品的屈服强度,获得的板材界面缺陷少,结合好,整体力学性能高,是一种适用于制造高承载轴瓦的原材料。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
本实施例中的一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法,首先,在低碳钢板上进行预浸铝工艺,预浸铝工艺采用的预浸铝溶液的温度为500-550℃,浸入速度为30-45cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;其次,待在低碳钢板上完成预浸铝工艺后,在热态下进行电弧沉积工艺,电弧沉积工艺能复合一层铅青铜层,在复合一层1-2mm的铅青铜时控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm;最后,利用轧辊进行轧制成复合要求的金属板,轧制工艺选择水冷轧辊进行连续轧制,且轧制过程中轧辊温度为30-70℃,轧制的速度为30-50cm/min。
特别注意的是,电弧沉积工艺和轧制工艺均在上一工艺后立即进行。电弧沉积时,利用预浸铝工艺的余热能有很好的焊缝,轧制工艺由于采用水冷轧辊,一热一冷能很好的提高产品的屈服强度。
根据上述条件进行对照试验:
对比试验一:经过预浸铝工艺、电弧沉积工艺和仅经过电弧沉积工艺的试验。
1#,预浸铝的温度为500℃,浸入速度为40cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
2#,预浸铝的温度为550℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
3#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为35cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
4#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
5#,电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
6#,电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
7#,电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
8#,电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
表1热浸铝预处理的双金属结合面与未热浸铝处理的双金属结合强度对比
由表1可知,在经过预浸铝后,双金属板的结合强度明显增强,其增加幅度约为30%。
对比试验二,是否经过轧制工艺,之后其屈服强度的比较。
11#,预浸铝的温度为500℃,浸入速度为40cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm;水冷轧辊对板材进行连续轧制时,轧制过程中轧辊温度为50℃,轧制速度为40cm/min。
12#,预浸铝的温度为550℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm;水冷轧辊对板材进行连续轧制时,轧制过程中轧辊温度为50℃,轧制速度为30cm/min。
13#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为35cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm;水冷轧辊对板材进行连续轧制时,轧制过程中轧辊温度为50℃,轧制速度为35cm/min。
14#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm;水冷轧辊对板材进行连续轧制时,轧制过程中轧辊温度为35℃,轧制速度为30cm/min。
15#,预浸铝的温度为500℃,浸入速度为40cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
16#,预浸铝的温度为550℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
17#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为35cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
18#,预浸铝的温度为520℃,浸入速度为30cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟;电弧沉积时,控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm。
表2轧制双金属与未轧制处理双金属的屈服强度对比
由表2分析可知,经过轧制的金属板的屈服强度明显增加,其增长幅度约为20%。
综合对比试验1和2,可知经过热浸镀铝工序后的钢板具有良好的抗铜渗透性能,其次铅青铜复合后得到的金属材料界面结合强度高,增加铜和钢的结合强度,水冷轧辊的轧制能提高产品的屈服强度,获得的板材界面缺陷少,结合好,整体力学性能高,是一种适用于制造高承载轴瓦的原材料。
当然,对比试验1和2主要时针对工艺参数中的较佳的实施例,旨在说明此发明中添加预浸铝工艺的有益效果,并不是对工艺参数中的数据范围进行验证。
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明的内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法,其特征在于:首先,在钢板上进行预浸铝工艺;其次,待在所述钢板上完成预浸铝工艺后,在热态下进行电弧沉积工艺,所述电弧沉积工艺能复合一层铅青铜层;最后,利用轧辊进行轧制成复合要求的金属板,
所述预浸铝工艺采用的预浸铝溶液的温度为500-550℃,浸入速度为30-45cm/min,浸入总时间为5分钟,
所述电弧沉积工艺,在复合一层1-2mm的铅青铜时应控制线能量为2-3KJ/cm,
所述轧制工艺选择水冷轧辊进行连续轧制,且轧制过程中轧辊温度为30-70℃,轧制的速度为30-50cm/min,
所述电弧沉积工艺和轧制工艺均在上一工艺后立即进行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于轴瓦的多层金属板的制备方法,其特征在于:所述钢板采用低碳钢板。
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DE102012223042A1 (de) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff |
EP2985358B1 (de) * | 2014-08-14 | 2017-05-03 | KS Gleitlager GmbH | Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff |
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