CN112138762A - Special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system and process - Google Patents
Special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112138762A CN112138762A CN202010927730.1A CN202010927730A CN112138762A CN 112138762 A CN112138762 A CN 112138762A CN 202010927730 A CN202010927730 A CN 202010927730A CN 112138762 A CN112138762 A CN 112138762A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010016634 Seed Storage Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 leaves Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001090 Papaver somniferum Species 0.000 description 2
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N codeine Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)=C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQYZDYMELSJDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N papaverine Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CC1=NC=CC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C12 XQYZDYMELSJDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-MSOLQXFVSA-N (-)-noscapine Chemical compound CN1CCC2=CC=3OCOC=3C(OC)=C2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2C(=O)O1 AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-MSOLQXFVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930008281 A03AD01 - Papaverine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000001553 Betula platyphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000558306 Gynocardia odorata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-noscapine Natural products CN1CCC2=CC=3OCOC=3C(OC)=C2C1C1C2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2C(=O)O1 AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004126 codeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrocodone Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2C=CC(O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N markiertes Thebain Natural products COC1=CC=C2C(N(CC3)C)CC4=CC=C(OC)C5=C4C23C1O5 FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PLPRGLOFPNJOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N narcotine Natural products COc1ccc2C(OC(=O)c2c1OC)C3Cc4c(CN3C)cc5OCOc5c4OC PLPRGLOFPNJOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001789 papaverine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003945 thebaine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-VMDGZTHMSA-N thebaine Chemical compound C([C@@H](N(CC1)C)C2=CC=C3OC)C4=CC=C(OC)C5=C4[C@@]21[C@H]3O5 FQXXSQDCDRQNQE-VMDGZTHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002936 tranquilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system and a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production process, which specifically comprise a moisture regaining device, a crushing and screening device, a secondary screening device and a packaging device which are sequentially connected; the moisture regaining device is used for spraying water to the shells for moisture regaining so as to reduce the hardness of the shells; the crushing and screening device is used for crushing the shells and then separating the seeds and the shells; the secondary screening device is used for selecting the seeds and removing impurities carried in the seeds; the packaging device is used for packaging the separated shells; the process mainly comprises the following steps: harvesting and airing, spraying water for moisture regain, crushing and separating, bagging and storing. The special medicine fruit is at first through the water spray moisture regain before the breakage, reduces the hardness of shell, effectively improves the integrality of shell at crushing in-process, improves the rate of recovery of shell, can also reduce the dust simultaneously, improves operation environment air quality, reduces the influence to the workman.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nut processing, and particularly relates to a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system and process.
Background
Poppy shell is commonly called as chaulmoogra shell, has certain medicinal value and can be used for relieving pain, tranquilizing and relieving cough. The main components of the medicament are alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine and narcotine, and the medicament is a raw material for producing special medicaments such as medical anesthetic, and is also called special medicament. The special medicine forbids private planting and use, and only allows a few countries such as Australia, India, Turkey, China and the like to legally plant in limited quantity after being approved by the world health organization. The special medicine is used as a medical raw material in China, and the planting area has a certain scale. There are a number of problems with harvesting the shells of the specialty medicine primarily by hand: the safety, confidentiality, product quality stability and harvesting timeliness in the harvesting period can not be guaranteed. Mechanized harvesting is an effective means for solving the above problems.
The item processing object variety is 'Baihua No. two' poppy, the fruit of the variety is elliptical or bottle-shaped oval, the diameter is 3-5 cm, the length is 3-7 cm, no cutting mark exists, 6-14 radially arranged disc-shaped residual column heads are arranged at the top end, a short handle is arranged at the base part, the outer surface is light yellow, the shell is thin, light and crisp, smooth and slightly glossy, and the gas is slightly fragrant. The fruit is divided into shells and seeds after being crushed, wherein the weight of the shells accounts for 42%, the weight of the seeds accounts for 58%, and the water content of the fruits with the special medicines accounts for 8% -10%.
The primary processing production technology and processing equipment of the active special medicine fruits are not standard, the production efficiency is low, the processing quality is difficult to effectively ensure, and the processing cost is difficult to effectively control. In view of the fact that the production situation is difficult to meet the reasonable requirement of the primary processing of the special medicine fruits, the primary processing technology of the special medicine fruits is formed and a set of new processing device is designed aiming at the characteristics that the primary processing of the special medicine fruits is high in seasonality, high in safety and low in labor employment. The newly designed hundred-number primary processing production technology and processing equipment have the advantages of high production efficiency, controllable processing quality and processing cost, high automation degree and less labor employment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system, which aims to solve the problem that the existing special medicine fruit is difficult to crush;
the invention also provides a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production process, and aims to solve the problems of large dust and poor integrity of shells in the conventional special medicine fruit crushing process.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system comprises a moisture regaining device, a crushing and screening device, a secondary screening device and a packaging device;
the moisture regaining device comprises a first lifting machine and a spraying device, and the spraying device is arranged below the discharge end of the first lifting machine; the spraying device comprises connecting rods fixed on two sides of the first lifting machine, an annular support ring is connected between the lower ends of the two connecting rods, the support ring is horizontally arranged, a plurality of spray heads are connected onto the support ring, water delivery pipes are connected onto the spray heads, and the tail ends of the water delivery pipes are connected with water storage tanks and water pumps;
the crushing and screening device comprises a material storage bin, a second lifting machine and a crusher, wherein the lower end of the second lifting machine is connected with a discharge hole of the material storage bin, and the upper end of the second lifting machine is connected with a feed hole of the crusher; two groups of toothed double rollers which are overlapped up and down are arranged below a feed inlet of the crusher, the two groups of toothed double rollers are respectively a first double roller positioned above and a second double roller positioned below, and gaps between the two groups of double rollers are opposite; a rotary screen is connected below the second pair of rollers, and 2-5 groups of spiral turning baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotary screen; a horizontal conveying belt is arranged below the rotary screen, the conveying direction of the conveying belt is opposite to the discharging direction of the rotary screen, a seed storage tank is arranged below the discharging end of the conveying belt, and a nut shell storage tank is arranged below the discharging end of the rotary screen;
the secondary screening device comprises a third hoisting machine and a vibrating screening machine, wherein the lower end of the third hoisting machine is connected with the seed storage tank, and the upper end of the third hoisting machine is connected with a feeding hole of the vibrating screening machine;
the packaging device comprises a fourth hoisting machine, a belt scale, a compaction device and a bag sealing machine, wherein the lower end of the fourth hoisting machine is connected with the shell storage tank, and the upper end of the fourth hoisting machine is connected with the belt scale; the compaction device comprises a rack and a compaction barrel arranged below the rack, the top of the compaction barrel is connected with a pneumatic push rod, the upper part of the compaction barrel is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with a feed hopper, and the feed hopper is positioned below the discharge end of the belt scale.
Furthermore, a driving motor is arranged at the front end of the crushing and screening device, a gearbox is connected to the output end of the driving motor, two output ends are arranged on the gearbox, the first output end is parallel to a main shaft of the driving motor and is in transmission connection with the drum screen, and the second output end is perpendicular to the driving motor and is in transmission connection with the tooth-shaped paired rollers.
Furthermore, an outer sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the compaction cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve are both open, the outer sleeve can move up and down along the outer wall of the compaction cylinder, and the upper part of the outer sleeve is connected with a locking screw which can fix the position of the outer sleeve; the lower end of the outer sleeve is further provided with a supporting bottom plate, the supporting bottom plate is parallel to the bottom of the outer sleeve and is 5-10 cm away from the bottom of the outer sleeve, a supporting connecting rod is connected between the supporting bottom plate and the outer sleeve, and the supporting bottom plate and the supporting connecting rod are in clamping groove type detachable connection.
Further, a dust cover is arranged above the drum screen.
Furthermore, a negative pressure dust removal device is connected to the vibrating screen classifier.
A special medicine fruit crushing and separating production process adopts the special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system, and comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting and airing: harvesting plants after the special medicine is mature, removing and separating special medicine fruits from straws, flatly paving the separated fruits in a field for airing for 3-6 hours, and removing impurities such as straws, leaves, soil blocks and the like carried in the fruits by using dust removal equipment;
(2) water spraying and moisture regaining: the water spraying and moisture regaining are carried out on the aired fruits by using a moisture regaining device, the water spraying amount of each ton of fruits is 35-40 kg, the fruits after water spraying are wrapped by using a mulching film and stacked in a standing mode for 10-14 hours, and the water content of the shells of the fruits is controlled to be 11-13%;
(3) crushing and separating: after moisture regaining is finished, the mulching film is lifted, the fruits are firstly transported to a material storage bin and then conveyed to a crusher by a second lifting machine for crushing, the shells of the fruits are crushed after the fruits enter the crusher, and seeds wrapped in the shells are poured out; then screening by a screening device to separate the shells from the seeds; the grains pass through a secondary screening device to remove impurities in the grains, the separated grains enter a grain storage tank, and the separated shells enter a shell storage tank;
(4) bagging and storing: and (4) bagging the shells obtained in the step (3) by using a packaging device, and compacting the packaging bags by using a compacting device during bagging.
Further, in the step (4), the compacting pressure of the shell packaging bag is 0.4-1 kN, and the pressure application time is 5-20 seconds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. before the special medicine fruits are crushed, firstly, the water is sprayed for dampening, the hardness of the shells is reduced, the flexibility of the shells is improved, and the completeness of the shells is improved in the crushing process, so that the recovery rate of the shells is improved, dust can be reduced, the air quality of the operation environment is improved, and the influence of the dust on workers is reduced;
2. the process and the device abandon the traditional processing idea, take the physicochemical characteristics of special medicine fruits as a starting point, combine automatic production, and have a brand-new design, thereby greatly improving the processing quality, improving the production efficiency, reducing labor employment, having higher reliability, being suitable for popularization and application in special medicine scale planting areas, and providing a brand-new idea for the subsequent special medicine primary processing;
3. the invention provides full-flow production equipment and a production process, effectively solves the difficulty in special medicine fruit processing at present, greatly facilitates the special medicine fruit processing operation, and effectively reduces the processing difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the moisture regaining apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the spray apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the material storage bin and the second elevator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the crusher of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the packaging device of the present invention;
in the figure: 11-a first hoister, 12-a spraying device, 121-a connecting rod, 122-a support ring, 123-a water pipe, 124-a spray head, 13-a water pump and 14-a water storage tank;
21-a material storage bin, 22-a second lifting machine, 231-a rack, 232-a toothed pair roller, 233-a driving motor, 234-a rotary screen, 235-a turning baffle, 236-a dust cover, 24-a conveying belt, 25-a seed storage tank and 26-a nut shell storage tank;
31-frame body, 32-compaction barrel, 33-pneumatic push rod, 34-hopper, 35-belt scale, 36-outer sleeve, 37-support bottom plate, 38-support connecting rod and 39-packaging bag.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
the utility model provides a broken separation production system of special medicine fruit, is including moisture regain device, broken screening plant, secondary screening plant and the packing plant who connects gradually.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the moisture regaining device comprises a first lifting machine 1 and a spraying device 12, wherein the spraying device 12 is arranged below the discharging end of the first lifting machine 1. The spraying device 12 comprises connecting rods 121 fixed on two sides of the first hoister 1, the two connecting rods 121 are vertically downward, a circular support ring 122 is connected between the lower ends of the two connecting rods 121, the support ring 122 is horizontally arranged, and the width of the first hoister 1 with the diameter of the support ring 122 is equal. A plurality of nozzles 124 are circumferentially connected to the support ring 122, the nozzles 124 are all arranged downward, a water pipe 123 is connected to the nozzles 124, and the tail end of the water pipe 123 is connected to the water storage tank 14 and the water pump 13.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the crushing and screening device comprises a material storage bin 21, a second lifting machine 22 and a crusher, wherein the top of the material storage bin 21 is open, the bottom of the material storage bin is provided with a discharge hole, and a flashboard is connected to the discharge hole. The lower end of the second hoisting machine 22 extends to the lower part of the discharge hole of the material storage bin 21, and the upper end of the second hoisting machine 22 is connected with the feed inlet of the crusher.
The crusher comprises a frame 231 and a shell, wherein a feed inlet is formed in the top of the shell, a crushing bin is formed below the feed inlet, and a rotary screen 234 is connected to the lower end of the crushing bin. Two groups of toothed pair rollers 232 which are overlapped up and down are arranged in the crushing bin, the two groups of toothed pair rollers 232 are respectively a first pair roller positioned above and a second pair roller positioned below, and gaps between the two groups of toothed pair rollers are opposite. The inner wall of the drum screen 234 is fixedly connected with 2-5 groups of spiral turning baffles 235, and a dust cover 236 is further arranged above the drum screen 234. A horizontal conveying belt 24 is arranged below the drum screen 234, the conveying direction of the conveying belt 24 is opposite to the discharging direction of the drum screen 234, a seed storage tank 25 is arranged below the discharging end of the conveying belt 24, and a nut shell storage tank 26 is arranged below the discharging end of the drum screen 234.
A gear box is connected between the rolling screen and the tooth-shaped paired roller 232, the input end of the gear box is connected with a driving motor 233, and the gear box is provided with two output ends. The first output end is parallel to the main shaft of the driving motor 233 and is in transmission connection with the rotary screen 234, the second output end is perpendicular to the driving motor 233 and is parallel to the horizontal plane, a belt is connected between the second output end and one tooth-shaped pair roller 232, a gear is meshed between the two shafts of the first pair roller, and a gear is meshed between the second pair roller.
The secondary screening device comprises a third hoisting machine and a vibrating screening machine (not shown in the figure), and the vibrating screening machine is of an existing conventional design. The vibrating screen machine is further connected with a negative pressure dust removal device, the negative pressure dust removal device comprises a gas collecting hood arranged above the vibrating screen machine, the top of the gas collecting hood is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is connected with an exhaust pipe, and the tail end of the exhaust pipe is connected with a vacuum pump. The lower end of the third hoisting machine is connected with the seed storage tank 25, and the upper end of the third hoisting machine is connected with the feed inlet of the vibrating screen machine.
As shown in fig. 5, the packaging device comprises a fourth lifting machine, a belt scale 35, a compacting device and a bag sealing machine, wherein the lower end of the fourth lifting machine is connected with the nut shell storage tank 26, and the upper end of the fourth lifting machine is connected with the belt scale 35. The compacting device comprises a frame 231 and a compacting barrel 32 obliquely fixed on the frame 231, the top of the compacting barrel 32 is connected with a pneumatic push rod 33, the upper part of the compacting barrel 32 is provided with a feeding hole, the feeding hole is connected with a feeding hopper 34, and the feeding hopper 34 is positioned below the discharging end of a belt scale 35. The lower end of the compacting cylinder 32 is open, an outer sleeve 36 is further sleeved on the outer side of the compacting cylinder 32, the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve 36 are both open, the outer sleeve 36 can move up and down along the outer wall of the compacting cylinder 32, and the upper portion of the outer sleeve 36 is connected with a locking screw which can fix the position of the outer sleeve 36. The lower end of the outer sleeve 36 is further provided with a supporting bottom plate 37, the supporting bottom plate 37 is parallel to the bottom of the outer sleeve 36 and is spaced from the bottom of the outer sleeve 36 by 5-10 cm, a supporting connecting rod 38 is connected between the supporting bottom plate 37 and the outer sleeve 36, and the supporting bottom plate 37 and the supporting connecting rod 38 are in clamping groove type detachable connection.
Still be equipped with the control box on the packing plant, be equipped with the controller in the control box, the controller respectively with the motor of fourth lifting machine, belt balance 35 and pneumatic push rod 33 signal connection, when the shell weight on the belt balance 35 reached bagging-off weight, the fourth lifting machine stopped rotating promptly.
A production process for crushing and separating special medicine fruits adopts the production system for crushing and separating the special medicine fruits, and comprises the following steps:
(1) harvesting and airing: harvesting plants after the special medicine is mature, then picking off and separating special medicine fruits required by pharmacy from straws, flatly paving the separated fruits in a field for airing for 3-6 hours, and completely airing the fruits to prevent the fruits from mildewing in the stacking process; removing impurities such as straws, leaves and soil blocks carried in the fruits by using dust removing equipment, and then stacking the shells in a warehouse;
(2) water spraying and moisture regaining: before the fruits need to be crushed, a moisture regaining device is used for spraying water to the aired fruits for moisture regaining, the water spraying amount of each ton of fruits is 35-40 kg, the fruits after water spraying are wrapped by a mulching film and stacked in a standing mode for 10-14 hours, and the water content of the shells of the fruits is detected to be 11-13%;
(3) crushing and separating: after moisture regaining is finished, the mulching film is lifted, fruits are firstly conveyed to the material storage bin 21 and then conveyed to the crusher by the second elevator 22 to be crushed, the fruits enter the crusher to crush the shells, and then the seeds wrapped in the shells are poured out; then screening by a screening device to completely separate the shells from the seeds, removing impurities from the seeds by a secondary screening device, enabling the separated seeds to enter a seed storage tank 25, and enabling the separated shells to enter a shell storage tank 26;
(4) bagging and storing: bagging the shells obtained in the step (3) by using a packaging device, and compacting the packaging bags 39 by using a compacting device during bagging; the compaction pressure of the shell packaging bag 39 is 0.4-1 kN, and the pressure application time is 5-20 seconds.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the main purpose of dampening is: firstly, the hardness of the shells is high, the shells are easily pressed into small fragments in the crushing process, the integrity is poor, the subsequent separation difficulty is high, and the shell recovery rate is reduced; after water is sprayed for dampening, the hardness of the shells can be reduced, the flexibility of the shells can be increased, and the integrity of the shell materials can be ensured in the crushing process. Secondly, the dust is larger in the shell crushing process, the operation environment is severe, and the dust can be effectively reduced after the moisture regaining is carried out by adding water.
When the fruit passes through the first pair of rollers and the second pair of rollers, the fruit shells are crushed, the crushed fruit shells fall into the drum screen 234, the seeds and the fruit shells are separated under the stirring of the stirring baffle 235, the separated seeds fall onto the conveyer belt 24, the seeds fall into the seed storage tank 25 under the driving of the conveyer belt 24, and the fruit shells fall into the fruit shell storage tank 26. And (4) selecting and screening the grains by a secondary screening device, removing impurities in the grains and storing the grains.
The packing bag 39 is first put on the outer sleeve 36, and then the outer sleeve 36 is moved upward so that the bottom of the packing bag 39 contacts the supporting bottom plate 37, and then the position of the outer sleeve 36 is fixed by the locking screw. The fourth lifting machine lifts the shells in the shell storage tank 26 and conveys the shells to the belt scale 35, and when the belt scale 35 detects that the weight reaches the bagging weight, the controller controls the fourth lifting machine to stop rotating; then the belt scale 35 is controlled to start rotating, shells on the belt scale 35 are conveyed into the compaction drum 32, and the pneumatic push rod 33 on the compaction drum 32 starts to perform compaction operation on the shells. After compaction is completed, the locking screw is unscrewed, the outer sleeve 36 is moved downwards, the supporting bottom plate 37 is removed from the supporting connecting rod 38, then the packaging bag 39 is removed from the outer sleeve 36, and the shells in the outer sleeve 36 automatically slide into the packaging bag 39 under the action of gravity. And then the packaging bag 39 is placed on a bag sealing machine for sealing, and the bag sealing machine can adopt the existing fixed bag sealing machine or a handheld bag sealing machine.
It should be noted that the above are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system is characterized by comprising a moisture regaining device, a crushing and screening device, a secondary screening device and a packaging device;
the moisture regaining device comprises a first lifting machine and a spraying device, and the spraying device is arranged below the discharge end of the first lifting machine; the spraying device comprises connecting rods fixed on two sides of the first lifting machine, an annular support ring is connected between the lower ends of the two connecting rods, the support ring is horizontally arranged, a plurality of spray heads are connected onto the support ring, water delivery pipes are connected onto the spray heads, and the tail ends of the water delivery pipes are connected with water storage tanks and water pumps;
the crushing and screening device comprises a material storage bin, a second lifting machine and a crusher, wherein the lower end of the second lifting machine is connected with a discharge hole of the material storage bin, and the upper end of the second lifting machine is connected with a feed hole of the crusher; two groups of toothed double rollers which are overlapped up and down are arranged below a feed inlet of the crusher, the two groups of toothed double rollers are respectively a first double roller positioned above and a second double roller positioned below, and gaps between the two groups of double rollers are opposite; a rotary screen is connected below the second pair of rollers, and 2-5 groups of spiral turning baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotary screen; a horizontal conveying belt is arranged below the rotary screen, the conveying direction of the conveying belt is opposite to the discharging direction of the rotary screen, a seed storage tank is arranged below the discharging end of the conveying belt, and a nut shell storage tank is arranged below the discharging end of the rotary screen;
the secondary screening device comprises a third hoisting machine and a vibrating screening machine, wherein the lower end of the third hoisting machine is connected with the seed storage tank, and the upper end of the third hoisting machine is connected with a feeding hole of the vibrating screening machine;
the packaging device comprises a fourth hoisting machine, a belt scale, a compaction device and a bag sealing machine, wherein the lower end of the fourth hoisting machine is connected with the shell storage tank, and the upper end of the fourth hoisting machine is connected with the belt scale; the compaction device comprises a rack and a compaction barrel arranged below the rack, the top of the compaction barrel is connected with a pneumatic push rod, the upper part of the compaction barrel is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with a feed hopper, and the feed hopper is positioned below the discharge end of the belt scale.
2. The special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushing and screening device is provided with a driving motor at the front end, a gearbox is connected to the output end of the driving motor, two output ends are arranged on the gearbox, the first output end is parallel to the main shaft of the driving motor and is in transmission connection with the drum screen, and the second output end is perpendicular to the driving motor and is in transmission connection with the toothed paired rollers.
3. The special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system according to claim 1, wherein an outer sleeve is further sleeved outside the compacting cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve are open, the outer sleeve can move up and down along the outer wall of the compacting cylinder, and a locking screw is connected to the upper portion of the outer sleeve and can fix the position of the outer sleeve; the lower end of the outer sleeve is further provided with a supporting bottom plate, the supporting bottom plate is parallel to the bottom of the outer sleeve and is 5-10 cm away from the bottom of the outer sleeve, a supporting connecting rod is connected between the supporting bottom plate and the outer sleeve, and the supporting bottom plate and the supporting connecting rod are in clamping groove type detachable connection.
4. The special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a dust cover is further arranged above the drum screen.
5. The special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration sieving machine is further connected with a negative pressure dust removing device.
6. A special medicine fruit crushing and separating production process, which adopts the special medicine fruit crushing and separating production system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) harvesting and airing: harvesting plants after the special medicine is mature, removing and separating special medicine fruits from straws, flatly paving the separated fruits in a field for airing for 3-6 hours, and removing impurities such as straws, leaves, soil blocks and the like carried in the fruits by using dust removal equipment;
(2) water spraying and moisture regaining: the water spraying and moisture regaining are carried out on the aired fruits by using a moisture regaining device, the water spraying amount of each ton of fruits is 35-40 kg, the fruits after water spraying are wrapped by using a mulching film and stacked in a standing mode for 10-14 hours, and the water content of the shells of the fruits is controlled to be 11-13%;
(3) crushing and separating: after moisture regaining is finished, the mulching film is lifted, the fruits are firstly transported to a material storage bin and then conveyed to a crusher by a second lifting machine for crushing, the shells of the fruits are crushed after the fruits enter the crusher, and seeds wrapped in the shells are poured out; then screening by a screening device to separate the shells from the seeds; the grains pass through a secondary screening device to remove impurities in the grains, the separated grains enter a grain storage tank, and the separated shells enter a shell storage tank;
(4) bagging and storing: and (4) bagging the shells obtained in the step (3) by using a packaging device, and compacting the packaging bags by using a compacting device during bagging.
7. The special medicine fruit crushing and separating production process as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the compaction pressure of the shell packaging bag is 0.4-1 kN, and the pressure application time is 5-20 seconds.
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Application publication date: 20201229 |