CN112136414A - Application of combined drill seeding belt for rice in seeding of rice germplasm resources - Google Patents
Application of combined drill seeding belt for rice in seeding of rice germplasm resources Download PDFInfo
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- CN112136414A CN112136414A CN202011068934.0A CN202011068934A CN112136414A CN 112136414 A CN112136414 A CN 112136414A CN 202011068934 A CN202011068934 A CN 202011068934A CN 112136414 A CN112136414 A CN 112136414A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C1/042—Tapes, bands or cords
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C2001/048—Machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of a rice combined drill seeding belt in rice germplasm resource seeding, which comprises the following steps: after land preparation, directly pressing the combined drill seeding belt of the rice into the prepared rice field by using a seeder, and then carrying out cultivation management in the rice breeding process; the rice combined type drill seeding belt is woven by a seed weaving machine and consists of a seeding belt A and a seeding belt B; the sowing belt A comprises a paper tape A and rice seeds wrapped in the paper tape A; the seeding belt B comprises a paper belt B and a particle mixture wrapped in the paper belt B; the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B are combined in a mode of rotating and winding in the same direction. The combined drill seeding belt provided by the invention is specially used for rice seeds, is applied to the seeding of rice germplasm resources, and solves the problems of various rice materials, small planting area, low seeding efficiency and high worker cost in the field of rice breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding and cultivation, in particular to application of a combined rice drill seeding belt in rice germplasm resource seeding.
Background
In the rice breeding work in China, because of the influence factors of more rice materials, small planting area, difficult realization of mechanized cultivation and the like, the rice planting still mainly adopts manual seedling raising and manual transplanting, and the cost of germplasm resource management and breeding work is greatly increased. Therefore, there is a need to develop a rice seeding belt suitable for a small-sized seeding apparatus, which can "strip" rice seeds, thereby promoting mechanization of rice breeding work, improving breeding efficiency, and reducing management disorder caused by complicated seedling raising and transplanting processes.
The seeding belt needs to be woven through a seed weaving machine, and the principle is that crop seeds are sucked up through a vacuum pump and are placed into a paper belt which runs at a uniform speed according to a certain speed, and meanwhile, the paper belt is bundled up through degradable cotton threads. The existing seed braider mainly comprises a case, a sowing tape reel, a seed sucker and a seed supply box (device); wherein, the seeding tep reel is fixed in the front surface of quick-witted case, and the seed sucking disc is fixed in the top of quick-witted case, supplies kind of box to be fixed in on the seed sucking disc and lie in one side of seed sucking disc, supplies kind of box to be equipped with and supplies kind passageway and seed feeding mouth, and the seed feeding mouth is relative with the seed sucking disc. Through the rotation of motor drive seed sucking disc, because there is the vacuum seed sucking disc inside, the edge has small gas pocket, so when the seed sucking disc rotates, a seed that supplies kind of a mouthful department can all be absorbed to each small gas pocket, and this seed can rotate along with the seed sucking disc, and when the seed reachs the minimum, the seed drops, under the effect of gravity, falls into on the paper tape of below, is twined by the kinking module that follows closely, forms a strip paper rope, and the seed is by firm fixing in the paper tape.
At present, known sowing belts are mainly used for sowing horticultural seeds; in the crop field, it is also mainly suitable for seeds of the round grain type, for example: corn, peanut, and the like. The slender crop seeds like rice, especially indica rice seeds, are irregular and slender, so that it is difficult to ensure that each air hole only absorbs one seed, and therefore, no matched seed sowing belt and seed knitting machine exists at present. In the field of rice breeding, except for a conventional transplanting mode, no other high-efficiency cultivation method is available at present to meet the requirements of rice breeding.
In addition, the paddy rice is often affected by bird damage and rat damage after being sowed, and sowing failure is easy to cause; therefore, consideration is also given to how to apply the repellent to ensure that a full seedling is achieved.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a sowing belt suitable for rice seeds and apply it to rice germplasm resource management and breeding work to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the combined drill seeding belt specially aiming at rice seeds, and the combined drill seeding belt is applied to the seeding of rice germplasm resources, so that the problems of multiple rice materials, small planting area, low seeding efficiency and high worker cost in the field of rice breeding are solved.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides an application of a rice combined drill seeding belt in rice germplasm resource seeding, which comprises the following steps: after land preparation, directly pressing the combined drill seeding belt of the rice into the prepared rice field by using a seeder, and then carrying out cultivation management in the rice breeding process;
the combined rice drill seeding belt is formed by weaving through a seed weaving machine and consists of a seeding belt A and a seeding belt B; the sowing belt A comprises a paper tape A and rice seeds wrapped in the paper tape A; a cotton rope for enhancing the tensile strength of the seeding belt is attached to the surface of the paper belt A; the seeding belt B comprises a paper belt B and a particle mixture wrapped in the paper belt B; the granular mixture is prepared by uniformly mixing a fertilizer and a repellent and then granulating; the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B are combined in a mode of rotating and winding in the same direction.
If the field surface is not smooth enough, the field can be used as a compartment, ditching and draining are carried out to ensure that seeds cannot be flooded, then the sowing belt is flatly paved on the compartment surface by manpower or matched machinery, and soil is lightly pressed to just cover the sowing belt.
The invention provides application of a rice combined drill seeding belt in rice germplasm resource breeding.
Further, seeds of various different rice materials are wrapped in the sowing belt A; setting a starting point at the front part of the first seed of each rice material, wherein a starting label is arranged at the starting point, and the name of the rice material is marked on the starting label; the tail of the last seed of each rice material is provided with a termination point, the termination point is provided with a termination label, and the termination label is injected with the distance between the termination point and the starting point on the whole sowing belt A. The design of the label is convenient for researchers to distinguish each rice material quickly, after sowing, only the label on the sowing belt needs to be found, and the label plate is inserted in sequence, so that the material name of each position in the field can be determined.
Further, the fertilizer in the sowing belt B is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the addition amount is 6-8 g/m; the repellent is a bird and mouse repellent, and the addition amount of the repellent is 0.02-0.03 g/m. The bird and mouse repellent adopted in the invention is a commercial bird-traceless repellent, and the medicinal powder and the compound fertilizer particles are uniformly mixed for use.
Further, the rice combined drill seeding belt is prepared by adopting a seed weaving machine;
wherein, the seed braider includes: the machine box, the first weaving unit for preparing the sowing belt A and the second weaving unit for preparing the sowing belt B; the first weaving unit comprises a first sowing reel, a first seed suction cup and a seed feeder; the second weaving unit comprises a second sowing tape disc, a second suction disc and a feeding hopper;
the first sowing tape reel and the second sowing tape reel are fixed on two sides of the surface of the case, the first seed sucker and the second sucker are respectively fixed on the top of the case corresponding to the positions of the first sowing tape reel and the second sowing tape reel, a seed supplier is fixed above the first seed sucker in an inclined manner, and the feeding hopper is fixed on the upper portion of the second sucker;
the seed supply device comprises a spiral vibration feeding disc, an oscillator and a V-shaped guide groove; the spiral vibration feeding disc is fixed on the oscillator and is used for containing rice seeds and feeding; the inlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is connected with the outlet of the spiral vibration feeding disc, and the outlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is positioned above the seed sucker;
the specific preparation steps of the rice combined drill seeding strip are as follows:
(1) selecting full and healthy rice seeds;
(2) firstly, placing a paper tape A on a first sowing tape reel, placing rice seeds in the seed supply device, and knitting a sowing tape A by using a seed knitting machine; meanwhile, placing the paper tape B on a second sowing tape reel, placing the mixture in a feeding hopper, and knitting the sowing tape B by using a seed knitting machine;
(3) and (4) carrying out equidirectional rotating winding on the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B to obtain the combined rice drill sowing belt.
The paper tape A can be bent into a V-shaped groove in the manufacturing process, rice seeds are placed on the surface of the tape body at a specified distance through a seed sucker, and the seeds are wrapped in the tape body through the rotation of the tape body; similarly, the paper tape B is bent into a V-shaped groove in the manufacturing process, a particle mixture of the fertilizer and the repellent is placed on the surface of the tape body at a specified distance through the seed sucker, and the mixture particles are wrapped in the tape body through the rotation of the tape body.
Further, the distance between the rice seeds in the sowing belt A is 15-25 cm, and the total length is 3-5 m; the distance between the particle mixtures in the seeding belt B is 15-25 cm, and the total length is 3-5 m. The sowing belt with the length, the seed spacing and the particle mixture spacing is suitable for germplasm cultivation in the rice breeding process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the combined drill seeding belt provided by the invention is specially used for rice seeds, is applied to the seeding of rice germplasm resources, and solves the problems of various rice materials, small planting area, low seeding efficiency and high worker cost in the field of rice breeding.
(2) Compared with the existing manual seeding, the combined drill seeding belt provided by the invention is applied to the seeding of rice germplasm resources, so that the seeding efficiency is improved, and the possibility of material management errors is reduced.
(3) The combined drill seeding belt provided by the invention solves the problem that long-grained rice seeds are arranged in the seeding belt according to a fixed distance, and is beneficial to planting resource management and mechanized application and popularization in the breeding process.
(4) The combined drill seeding belt provided by the invention can realize the synchronization of fertilizer and pesticide application and seeding, simplifies the operation process, and simultaneously can enable the fertilizer to act on the growth of rice more intensively.
(5) The combined seed drill provided by the invention can also play a physical protection role on seeds to a certain extent, so that the seeds which just germinate are prevented from being damaged by birds, and meanwhile, the seeds can be protected from being washed away by rainwater after being sowed in rainy seasons.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined seed drill of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a seed braiding machine for preparing the combined seed drill of the present invention from the right.
Fig. 3 is a left side view structural schematic diagram of a seed braiding machine for preparing the combined seed drill strip of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The combined drill seeding strip for rice is applied to the seeding of rice germplasm resources, and comprises the following specific steps: after land preparation, directly pressing the combined drill seeding belt of the rice into the prepared rice field by using a seeder, and then carrying out cultivation management in the rice breeding process; if the field surface is not smooth enough, the field can be used as a compartment, ditching and draining are carried out to ensure that seeds cannot be flooded, then the sowing belt is flatly paved on the compartment surface by manpower or matched machinery, and soil is lightly pressed to just cover the sowing belt.
As shown in fig. 1, a combined seed drill for rice is formed by weaving a seed weaving machine, and the seed drill is composed of a seed sowing belt A and a seed sowing belt B;
the sowing belt A comprises a paper belt A and rice seeds wrapped in the paper belt A; a cotton rope for enhancing the tensile strength of the seeding belt is attached to the surface of the paper belt A; the total length of the sowing belt A is 4m, seeds of various rice materials are wrapped inside the sowing belt A, and the distance between every two rice seeds is 20 cm; setting a starting point at the front part of the first seed of each rice material, wherein a starting label is arranged at the starting point, and the name of the rice material is marked on the starting label; the tail of the last seed of each rice material is provided with a termination point, the termination point is provided with a termination label, and the termination label is injected with the distance between the termination point and the starting point on the whole sowing belt A. The design of the label is convenient for researchers to distinguish each rice material quickly, after sowing, only the label on the sowing belt needs to be found, and the label plate is inserted in sequence, so that the material name of each position in the field can be determined.
The seeding belt B comprises a paper belt B and a particle mixture wrapped in the paper belt B; the granular mixture is prepared by evenly mixing a fertilizer and a repellent and then granulating; the fertilizer in the sowing belt B is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the addition amount is 6-8 g/m; the repellent is bird and mouse repellent (the trade name is bird-grazing), and the addition amount is 0.025 g/m. The surface of the paper tape B is also attached with a cotton rope for enhancing the tensile strength of the seeding tape; the total length of the seed tape B was 4m, and the spacing of the particle mixture inside it was 20 cm.
The sowing belt A and the sowing belt B are combined in a mode of rotating and winding in the same direction.
Right and left side views of a seed braider for preparing the present example combination drill seed strips are shown in fig. 2 and 3. The seed braiding machine comprises a machine case 1, a first braiding unit 2 for preparing a sowing belt A and a second braiding unit 3 for preparing a sowing belt B;
wherein the first braiding unit comprises a first sowing reel 21, a first seed suction cup 22, a seed supplier 23, a first support frame 24 and necessary components (such as a paper tape transfer component, a wire winding component and the like) required by a seed braiding machine; the second weaving unit comprises a second sowing reel 31, a second suction cup 32, a supply hopper 33, a second support bracket 34 and necessary components (such as a paper tape transfer component, a thread winding component and the like) required by the seed weaving machine.
The first sowing reel 21 is fixed on one side wall of the case, a paper tape limiting disc 25 is further arranged on the side wall, the first support frame 24 is arranged at the top of the case corresponding to the position of the first sowing reel 21, the first seed sucker 22 and the seed supply device 23 are both fixed on the first support frame 24, and the seed supply device 23 is positioned at the obliquely upper part of the first seed sucker 22; the second sowing reel 31 is fixed on the other side wall of the case, a paper tape limiting disc 35 is further arranged on the side wall, the second supporting frame 34 is arranged on the top of the case corresponding to the second sowing reel 31, the second suction cup 32 is fixed on the second supporting frame 34, and the feeding hopper 33 is fixed on the inclined upper portion of the second suction cup 32.
The seed supplier 23 consists of a spiral vibration feeding disc, an oscillator and a V-shaped guide groove; wherein, the spiral vibration feeding tray is fixed on the oscillator, and the bottom of the feeding tray is in a groove shape and is used for containing rice seeds; the side wall of the spiral vibration feeding disc is provided with a spiral ramp, an inlet is arranged at the bottom of the rotary disc, an outlet is arranged at the top of the rotary disc, the inlet is spirally raised from the bottom to the top, and rice seeds are supplied to move upwards for feeding; the inlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is connected with the outlet of the spiral ramp, and the outlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is located above the first seed sucker.
The specific preparation steps of the rice combined drill seeding strip are as follows:
(1) selecting full and healthy rice seeds;
(2) firstly, placing a paper tape A on a sowing tape reel, placing rice seeds in the seed supply device, and knitting a sowing tape A by using a seed knitting machine; meanwhile, placing the paper tape B in a sowing tape reel, placing the mixture in a feeding hopper, and knitting the sowing tape B by using a seed knitting machine;
(3) and (4) carrying out equidirectional rotating winding on the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B to obtain the combined rice drill sowing belt.
The paper tape A is bent into a V-shaped groove by the paper tape transfer component in the manufacturing process, rice seeds are placed on the surface of the tape body at a specified distance through the seed sucking device, and then the seeds are wrapped in the tape body through the rotation of the tape body; similarly, the paper tape B is bent into a V-shaped groove by a paper tape transfer component in the manufacturing process, a granular mixture of the fertilizer and the repellent is placed on the surface of the tape body at a specified distance through a seed sucker, and the granular mixture is wrapped in the granular mixture through the rotation of the tape body.
Example 2
Taking 1000 parts of rice germplasm as an example, each part of material is about 0.5g, 20 seeds are respectively propagated by using the traditional seedling raising transplanting and sowing belt method.
Traditional seedling raising and transplanting:
1. soaking seeds for accelerating germination, and performing processes of changing water, draining, accelerating germination and the like in 2 days;
2. sowing in a rice seedling bed, namely firstly inserting a label, then taking out seeds from a bag for accelerating germination, flatly spreading the seeds on a prepared compartment surface, and finally pressing the seeds into mud, wherein the manual work needs about 6 people multiplied by 8 hours;
3. after sowing, the sunshade net is covered in time to prevent birds and rats from being damaged, and the like, and simultaneously, the seeds are prevented from being washed away by rainstorm after sowing:
4. because each genetic material needs a separate label, the label specification needs to be carefully confirmed before seedling pulling and transplanting, and the manual work needs 4 multiplied by 2 hours
5. Transplanting, using a datum line to control the uniformity of transplanted seedlings, and needing 6 manual work for 6 multiplied by 8 hours.
Sowing the seeds:
1. manufacturing a seeding belt, wherein the distance between seeds is 20cm, each part of material needs to be seeded with 4m, and 1000 parts of seeds need to be manufactured into 4000m seeding belt after 1 person operates a seed weaving machine for about 8 hours;
2. and (4) sowing, namely pressing the combined sowing seeds into the whole rice field by using the sowing equipment of the sowing seeds on the market, wherein the sowing time of 4000m seeds is 1 person multiplied by 6 hours.
Comprehensive analysis, the use of the combined drill seeding belt not only greatly reduces the investment of labor cost in rice seed quality resource management, promotes the application of seeding machinery in the rice seed quality resource management, but also sows fertilizer, pesticide and seeds into the soil at one time, avoids repeated working, is favorable for the direct action of the fertilizer and the pesticide on the seeds, and improves the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer.
Claims (6)
1. The application of the rice combined drill seeding belt in the seeding of rice germplasm resources is characterized by comprising the following steps: after land preparation, directly pressing the combined drill seeding belt of the rice into the prepared rice field by using a seeder, and then carrying out cultivation management in the rice breeding process;
the combined rice drill seeding belt is formed by weaving through a seed weaving machine and consists of a seeding belt A and a seeding belt B; the sowing belt A comprises a paper tape A and rice seeds wrapped in the paper tape A; a cotton rope for enhancing the tensile strength of the seeding belt is attached to the surface of the paper belt A; the seeding belt B comprises a paper belt B and a particle mixture wrapped in the paper belt B; the granular mixture is prepared by uniformly mixing a fertilizer and a repellent and then granulating; the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B are combined in a mode of rotating and winding in the same direction.
2. The use of the rice combined drill seeding strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding strip A is internally wrapped with seeds of a plurality of different rice materials; setting a starting point at the front part of the first seed of each rice material, wherein a starting label is arranged at the starting point, and the name of the rice material is marked on the starting label; the tail of the last seed of each rice material is provided with a termination point, the termination point is provided with a termination label, and the termination label is injected with the distance between the termination point and the starting point on the whole sowing belt A.
3. The application of the rice combined drill seeding strip in the sowing of rice germplasm resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer in the seeding strip B is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the addition amount is 6-8 g/m; the repellent is a bird and mouse repellent, and the addition amount of the repellent is 0.02-0.03 g/m.
4. The use of the rice combined seed drill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rice combined seed drill is prepared by a seed braiding machine;
wherein, the seed braider includes: the machine box, the first weaving unit for preparing the sowing belt A and the second weaving unit for preparing the sowing belt B; the first weaving unit comprises a first sowing reel, a first seed suction cup and a seed feeder; the second weaving unit comprises a second sowing tape disc, a second suction disc and a feeding hopper;
the first sowing tape reel and the second sowing tape reel are fixed on two sides of the surface of the case, the first seed sucker and the second sucker are respectively fixed on the top of the case corresponding to the positions of the first sowing tape reel and the second sowing tape reel, a seed supplier is fixed above the first seed sucker in an inclined manner, and the feeding hopper is fixed on the upper portion of the second sucker;
the seed supply device comprises a spiral vibration feeding disc, an oscillator and a V-shaped guide groove; the spiral vibration feeding disc is fixed on the oscillator and is used for containing rice seeds and feeding; the inlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is connected with the outlet of the spiral vibration feeding disc, and the outlet end of the V-shaped guide groove is positioned above the seed sucker;
the specific preparation steps of the rice combined drill seeding strip are as follows:
(1) selecting full and healthy rice seeds;
(2) firstly, placing a paper tape A on a first sowing tape reel, placing rice seeds in the seed supply device, and knitting a sowing tape A by using a seed knitting machine; meanwhile, placing the paper tape B on a second sowing tape reel, placing the mixture in a feeding hopper, and knitting the sowing tape B by using a seed knitting machine;
(3) and (4) carrying out equidirectional rotating winding on the sowing belt A and the sowing belt B to obtain the combined rice drill sowing belt.
5. The application of the rice combined drill seeding strip in the rice germplasm resource seeding of claim 1, wherein the spacing between rice seeds in the seeding strip A is 15-25 cm, and the total length is 3-5 m.
6. The application of the rice combined drill seeding strip in the seeding of rice germplasm resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing of the particle mixture in the seeding strip B is 15-25 cm, and the total length is 3-5 m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011068934.0A CN112136414A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Application of combined drill seeding belt for rice in seeding of rice germplasm resources |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011068934.0A CN112136414A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Application of combined drill seeding belt for rice in seeding of rice germplasm resources |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079739A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | Pretreatment and sowing method of rice seed ropes |
| CN113519362A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-22 | 海南大学 | High-yield cultivation method for positioning precision seeding of hybrid rice |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079739A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 中国水稻研究所 | Pretreatment and sowing method of rice seed ropes |
| CN113519362A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-22 | 海南大学 | High-yield cultivation method for positioning precision seeding of hybrid rice |
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Application publication date: 20201229 |