CN112128255B - An automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic assembling device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing, comprising a bearing assembling pedestal set on a workbench, a fixed shaft that can move in a vertical direction and is matched and connected with the bearing assembling pedestal; The bottom of the shaft is concentrically installed with an outer ring collar through annularly distributed connecting rods, and a magnetic induction coil for heating the outer ring of the bearing is wound on the outer ring collar; the bottom of the fixed shaft extends downward and is plugged into the shaft. In the central hole formed inside the bearing assembling base, the fixed shaft is sleeved with a sleeve that can slide along the circumferential surface of the fixed shaft and is used to push out the outer ring sleeved on the outer ring. In the invention, the cylinder pushes the sleeve downward to make the outer ring separate from the outer ring, and the mechanical external force and electric heating are combined to complete the assembly of the bearing, which not only reduces the requirements for electromagnetic induction heating, but also can quickly realize the assembly of the bearing. , which is conducive to the mechanization of bearing processing and production.

Description

An automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing processing equipment, in particular to an automatic assembly device for inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing.

Background technique

Bearing is an important basic component of contemporary mechanical equipment, which plays the role of fixing and reducing the friction coefficient of load in the process of mechanical transmission. The accuracy, performance, life and reliability of bearings play a decisive role in the accuracy, performance, life and reliability of the host. With the progress and development of the current society and the continuous improvement of the degree of mechanization, the application of bearings is becoming more and more extensive.

High-speed bearings are generally composed of four parts: inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements and cage. The function of the inner ring is to cooperate with the shaft and rotate with the shaft; the function of the outer ring is to cooperate with the bearing seat and play a supporting role; the rolling element It is installed between the inner ring and the outer ring with the help of the cage. Its shape, size and quantity directly affect the performance and life of the bearing; the cage can evenly distribute the rolling elements, prevent the rolling elements from falling off, and guide the rolling elements to rotate. play a lubricating role. The assembly of high-speed bearings is to first assemble the inner ring, cage and rolling elements into an inner ring assembly, and then assemble the inner ring assembly and the outer ring. In the current assembly technology, most assembly lines use external pressure to assemble the outer ring. However, using this method of assembly will subject the bearing to wear, which will greatly reduce its service life. Therefore, a method of assembling the outer ring using an electric heater based on the principle of thermal expansion appeared later.

The prior art discloses a patent document with an application number of 201310355537.5 named as a high-speed bearing inner and outer ring automatic assembly device, which heats the bearing outer ring by a magnetic induction heating method, and then utilizes the gravitational action of the bearing inner ring to make the bearing fast. However, this assembly method has very strict requirements on the technology of magnetic induction heating and the bearing assembly structure. It is necessary to ensure that the outer ring of the bearing is completely heated evenly, even if there is a small error, the inner part of the bearing is The ring cannot be assembled only under the action of its own gravity; based on this, the present invention is proposed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing in order to solve the above technical problems. The outer ring of the bearing is fixed on a fixed shaft that can move in the vertical direction. The outer ring of the outer ring is connected to the outer ring, the bottom of the fixed shaft is inserted into the center hole of the bearing assembly base, and the outer ring after thermal expansion is separated from the outer ring and assembled to the inner ring under the pushing action of the sleeve. Mechanization of bearing mounting.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An automatic assembling device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery, comprising a bearing assembling pedestal set on a workbench, a fixed shaft that can move in the vertical direction and is matched and connected with the bearing assembling pedestal; the bottom of the fixed shaft passes through the The annularly distributed connecting rods are concentrically installed with an outer ring collar, and the outer ring collar is wound with a magnetic induction coil for heating the outer ring of the bearing; the bottom of the fixed shaft extends downward and is inserted into the bearing assembly In the central hole formed inside the base, the fixed shaft is sleeved with a sleeve that can slide along the circumferential surface of the fixed shaft and is used to push out the outer ring that is sleeved on the outer ring.

Preferably, the length of the bottom of the fixed shaft extending along its axis is the same as the depth of the inner center hole of the bearing assembling base.

Preferably, the bottom of the fixed shaft is fixedly sleeved with an inner ring pressure ring having the same diameter as the inner ring of the bearing, and the height of the inner ring pressure ring is the same as the height of the outer ring ring; The outer circumferential surface of the ring pressure ring is connected with the inner wall of the outer ring collar through a connecting rod.

Preferably, a matching inner ring pressure ring receiving groove is formed on the bottom of the sleeve at a position corresponding to the inner ring pressure ring, and the bottom of the sleeve is located at the periphery of the inner ring pressure ring and is formed with a matching groove. The outer ring ferrule is matched with the outer ring ferrule.

Preferably, the inner ring of the bearing is detachably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing assembling base; the outer ring of the bearing is magnetically adsorbed on the outer ring collar.

Preferably, it also includes a nut-screw mechanism for driving the fixed shaft to move in the vertical direction;

The nut-screw mechanism includes a support column vertically erected on the worktable, the interior of the support column is in the shape of a hollow cavity, a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support column, and the power output end of the motor faces toward the top of the support column. It extends downward into the cavity of the support column, a lead screw is installed in the cavity of the support column, the upper end of the lead screw is connected with the power output end of the motor, and the bottom of the lead screw is connected to the The inner bottom of the support column cavity is rotatably connected; the lead screw is threadedly sleeved with a nut, a connecting block is installed on the circumferential surface of the nut perpendicular to its axis direction, and the outer wall of the support column is formed with a vertical Distributed strip-shaped gaps, the connecting block extends outward through the strip-shaped gaps and is connected with a lateral mounting frame, and the fixing shaft is vertically installed at the bottom of the lateral mounting frame.

Preferably, a cylinder for driving the sleeve to slide along a fixed axis is also installed on the lateral mounting frame, the cylinder seat end of the cylinder is fixed on the lateral mounting frame, and the piston rod of the cylinder extends upward. A push plate with a circular structure is connected, the top of the sleeve is connected with several guide columns along the vertical direction, and the other end of the guide column extends upward through the lateral mounting frame and is connected to the push plate.

Preferably, there are six guide posts in total, and the six guide posts are annularly distributed on the push plate, and a spring is sleeved on the guide posts located between the push plate and the lateral mounting frame.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) In the present invention, the inner ring of the bearing and the rolling elements are assembled together and then sleeved on the bearing assembly pedestal, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on a fixed shaft that can move in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the fixed shaft is formed with a sleeve for sleeve The outer ring is connected to the outer ring, and the outer ring is wound with a magnetic induction coil that heats the outer ring. The eddy current generated by the magnetic induction coil in the outer ring of the bearing heats and expands the outer ring, and the bottom of the fixed shaft is inserted into the bearing assembly pedestal. In the center hole, the installation and positioning of the outer ring and the inner ring are completed, and the outer ring after thermal expansion is separated from the outer ring and assembled to the inner ring under the pushing action of the sleeve, thereby realizing the mechanization of bearing installation.

(2) In the present invention, the movement of the fixed shaft is realized by the servo motor driving the nut and screw structure, and when the bearing is assembled, the cylinder pushes the sleeve downward to move the outer ring away from the outer ring ring, and the mechanical external force is combined with the electric heating to complete the alignment. The assembly of the bearing not only reduces the requirements for electromagnetic induction heating, but also can quickly realize the assembly of the bearing, which is beneficial to the mechanization of the bearing processing and production.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the working state of an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention;

4 is a front sectional view of an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 of an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a circuit control diagram of the operation of the magnetic induction coil in the automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing proposed by the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Workbench; 2. Support column; 3. Motor; 4. Horizontal mounting frame; 5. Cylinder; 6. Bearing assembly pedestal; 7. Bearing; body; 8, sleeve; 9, push plate; 10, strip notch; 11, fixed shaft; 12, inner ring pressure ring; 13, outer ring collar; 14, magnetic induction coil; 15, guide column; 16, wire Lever; 17, connecting piece; 18, nut; 19, connecting block; 20, piston rod; 21, spring; 22, connecting rod; 23, inner ring pressure ring receiving groove; 24, outer ring ring receiving groove.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

Examples of embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to be used to explain the invention, but should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated device or element It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific situations.

1-6, an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery includes a bearing assembly base 6 arranged on the workbench 1, and a fixed shaft 11 that can move in the vertical direction and is connected with the bearing assembly base 6. When the inner ring 72 and the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7 are assembled, the rolling body 73 of the bearing 7 is installed in the cage and is sleeved with the inner ring 72 on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing assembly pedestal 6. The bearing assembly pedestal 6 The outer diameter should be slightly smaller than the inner ring of the bearing 7, so that the bearing 7 can be taken out after the assembly is completed; the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 is concentrically installed with the outer ring 13 through the annularly distributed connecting rod 22, and the outer ring 13 The magnetic induction coil 14 is heated by the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7. The outer ring of the bearing 7 is magnetically adsorbed on the outer ring ferrule 13, and the direct current is converted into alternating current through the inverter circuit, and the magnetic induction is passed under the action of the high-frequency transformer. The alternating current of the coil 14 increases, and the eddy current generated by the magnetic induction coil 14 in the outer ring 71 of the bearing heats and expands the outer ring 71; in order to ensure the accuracy of the assembly of the bearing 7, in the present invention, the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 extends downward and It is inserted into the center hole formed inside the bearing assembly base 6, so that the outer ring 71 and the inner ring 72 of the bearing 7 can always be kept concentric. The sleeve 8 is used to push out the outer ring 71 sleeved on the outer ring collar 13. After the magnetic induction coil 14 heats and expands the outer ring 71, the sleeve 8 moves down along the fixed shaft 11 to push the outer ring 71 out. And make it fit on the inner ring 72 .

Since the diameter of the central hole in the bearing assembly base 6 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed shaft 11, in order to prevent the fixed shaft 11 from shaking inside the central hole in the bearing assembly base 6, the length of the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 extending along its axis is equal to the length of the bearing assembly. The depth of the center hole inside the mounting base 6 is set to be the same.

Preferably, the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 is fixedly sleeved with the inner ring pressure ring 12 having the same diameter as the inner ring 72 of the bearing 7, and the height of the inner ring pressure ring 12 is the same as the height of the outer ring ring 13; the inner ring pressure ring 12 The outer circumferential surface of the outer ring and the inner wall of the outer ring 13 are connected by the connecting rod 22. When the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 is inserted into the center hole of the bearing assembly base 6, the inner ring pressing ring 12 presses the inner ring 72 of the bearing 7 against Fixing is performed so that the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7 is heated by the outer ring collar 13 and then assembled to the inner ring 72 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , a matching inner ring pressure ring receiving groove 23 is formed at the position of the bottom of the sleeve 8 corresponding to the inner ring pressure ring 12 , and the bottom of the sleeve 8 is located at the outer periphery of the inner ring pressure ring 12 . The outer ring receiving groove 24 matched with the outer ring 13, after the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7 is heated, the sleeve 8 moves down along the fixed shaft 11, and the sleeve 8 removes the outer ring 71 from the outer ring 13. When the sleeve 8 is pushed down, the inner ring pressure ring 12 slides into the inner ring pressure ring receiving groove 23, while the outer ring 71 on the outer ring The outer ring is received in the groove 24 .

As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, a nut-screw mechanism is used to drive the fixed shaft 11 to move in a vertical direction; specifically, the nut-screw mechanism includes a support column 2 vertically erected on the worktable 1, and the interior of the support column 2 is hollow The top of the support column 2 is fixedly installed with the motor 3. The motor 3 adopts a servo motor, which is convenient for the precise control of the fixed shaft 11. The power output end of the motor 3 extends downward into the cavity of the support column 2. The support column 2 A lead screw 16 is installed in the cavity of the lead screw, the upper end of the lead screw 16 is connected with the power output end of the motor 3, and the bottom of the lead screw 16 is rotatably connected with the bottom of the cavity of the support column 2 through the connecting piece 17; Nut 18, a connecting block 19 is installed on the circumferential surface of the nut 18 perpendicular to its axis direction, and a vertically distributed strip-shaped gap 10 is formed on the outer wall of the support column 2, and the connecting block 19 extends outward through the strip. A transverse mounting frame 4 is connected behind the notch 10, the fixed shaft 11 is vertically installed at the bottom of the transverse mounting frame 4, the motor 3 drives the lead screw 16 to rotate along its axis, and the nut 18 is screwed with the lead screw 16. The rotational movement of the nut 18 is converted into the linear movement of the nut 18 on the lead screw 16, and the connecting block 19 connected with the nut 18 is restricted by the bar-shaped gap 10. Height adjustment of mounting bracket 4.

In addition, a cylinder 5 for driving the sleeve 8 to slide along the fixed shaft 11 is also installed on the lateral mounting frame 4, the cylinder base end of the cylinder 5 is fixed on the lateral mounting frame 4, and the piston rod 20 of the cylinder 5 extends upward and is connected with a In the push plate 9 of circular structure, the top of the sleeve 8 is connected with six guide columns 15 along the vertical direction, and the other end of the guide column 15 extends upward through the horizontal mounting frame 4 and is connected to the push plate 9, and the six guide columns 15 are distributed in a ring shape. On the push plate 9, a spring 21 is sleeved on the guide column 15 between the push plate 9 and the lateral mounting frame 4. At the beginning of the cylinder 5, the piston rod 20 is in an extended state. When it is necessary to push the sleeve 8 to move down When the piston rod 20 retracts into the cylinder 5 and drives the push plate 9 to move downward, the sleeve 8 moves downward along the fixed shaft 11 under the action of the six guide columns 15 to push out the outer ring 71, and the guide column 15 moves downward. During the process, the spring 21 is compressed, and the spring 21 buffers the movement of the sleeve 8 to prevent the cylinder 5 from impacting due to inertia, which affects the assembly of the outer ring 71 and the inner ring 72 of the bearing 7 .

The present invention proposes an automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a mechanical high-speed bearing. During operation, the rolling body 73 of the bearing 7 is firstly installed in the cage and assembled with the inner ring 72, and then the inner ring 72 is placed on the bearing assembly pedestal. , the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7 is magnetically fixed on the outer ring 13 with the magnetic induction coil 14, and the starter motor 3 drives the transverse mounting frame 4 to move down to the bearing assembly pedestal 6, and the fixed shaft 11 is inserted into the bearing. In the center hole of the assembly base 6, the heating circuit is activated to heat the outer ring 71 of the bearing 7 through the magnetic induction coil 14. The eddy current generated by the magnetic induction coil 14 in the outer ring 71 of the bearing heats and expands the outer ring 71, and the cylinder 5 is activated to drive The sleeve 8 moves down along the fixed shaft 11, and the outer ring 71 after the bottom of the fixed shaft 11 is dethermally expanded is pushed out by the sleeve 8, and the outer ring 71 is separated from the outer ring 13 at the same time, and its bottom is assembled with the inner ring 72 , so as to complete the assembly of the bearing 7 .

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent replacements or changes to the inventive concept shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An automatic assembling device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery, characterized in that: it comprises a bearing assembly pedestal (6) arranged on a workbench (1), which can move in the vertical direction and is connected with the bearing assembly pedestal (6). 6) A fixed shaft (11) that is matched and connected; an outer ring (13) is concentrically installed on the bottom of the fixed shaft (11) through annularly distributed connecting rods (22), and the outer ring (13) is wound on the outer ring There is a magnetic induction coil (14) for heating the outer ring (71) of the bearing (7); the bottom of the fixed shaft (11) extends downward and is inserted into the center formed inside the bearing assembling base (6) In the hole, the fixed shaft (11) is sleeved with an outer ring (71) that can slide along the circumferential surface of the fixed shaft (11) and is used to push out the sleeved outer ring (71) of the outer ring (13). sleeve (8); The length of the bottom of the fixed shaft (11) extending along its axis is the same as the depth of the inner center hole of the bearing assembly base (6); The bottom of the fixed shaft (11) is fixedly sleeved with an inner ring pressure ring (12) having the same diameter as the inner ring (72) of the bearing (7), and the height of the inner ring pressure ring (12) is the same as that of the inner ring (72) of the bearing (7). The height of the outer ring collar (13) is the same; the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring pressure ring (12) is connected with the inner wall of the outer ring collar (13) through a connecting rod (22); A matching inner ring pressure ring receiving groove (23) is formed at the position of the bottom of the sleeve (8) corresponding to the inner ring pressure ring (12), and the bottom of the sleeve (8) is located at the position of the inner ring pressure ring (12). An outer ring receiving groove (24) matched with the outer ring (13) is formed on the periphery of the inner ring pressing ring (12); The inner ring (72) of the bearing (7) is detachably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing assembling base (6); the outer ring (71) of the bearing (7) is magnetically attached to the on the outer ring collar (13); It also includes a nut-screw mechanism for driving the fixed shaft (11) to move in the vertical direction; The nut screw mechanism includes a support column (2) vertically erected on the worktable (1), the interior of the support column (2) is in the shape of a hollow cavity, and the top of the support column (2) is fixed A motor (3) is installed, the power output end of the motor (3) extends downward into the cavity of the support column (2), and a lead screw (16) is installed in the cavity of the support column (2), The upper end of the lead screw (16) is connected to the power output end of the motor (3), and the bottom of the lead screw (16) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cavity of the support column (2) through a connecting piece (17). A nut (18) is threadedly sleeved on the lead screw (16), a connecting block (19) is installed on the circumferential surface of the nut (18) perpendicular to its axis direction, and the support column (2) Vertically distributed strip-shaped gaps (10) are formed on the outer wall of the outer wall, and the connecting block (19) extends outward through the strip-shaped gaps (10) and is connected with a lateral mounting bracket (4), and the fixed shaft ( 11) Install vertically on the bottom of the horizontal mounting bracket (4). 2. The automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lateral mounting frame (4) is also installed with a device for driving the sleeve (8) along the fixed shaft ( 11) A sliding air cylinder (5), the cylinder seat end of the air cylinder (5) is fixed on the lateral mounting frame (4), and the piston rod (20) of the air cylinder (5) protrudes upward and is connected with a circle; A push plate (9) with a shaped structure, the top of the sleeve (8) is connected with several guide columns (15) in the vertical direction, and the other end of the guide column (15) extends upward through the lateral mounting frame (4) and then connected to the push plate (9). 3 . The automatic assembly device for the inner and outer rings of a high-speed bearing for machinery according to claim 2 , wherein the guide columns ( 15 ) are provided with a total of six, and the six guide columns ( 15 ) are annularly distributed in the On the push plate (9), a spring (21) is sleeved on the guide column (15) located between the push plate (9) and the lateral mounting frame (4).

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