CN112126039A - 一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112126039A
CN112126039A CN202011079690.6A CN202011079690A CN112126039A CN 112126039 A CN112126039 A CN 112126039A CN 202011079690 A CN202011079690 A CN 202011079690A CN 112126039 A CN112126039 A CN 112126039A
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王德秋
徐进
梁睿渊
卢主枫
陈玫君
马瑞进
张义新
马亮
张国平
王小伟
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Gansu Yinguang Juyin Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：由下列各组份按质量份混合反应制成：聚醚多元醇90‑100份,二氯甲烷105‑113份,阻燃剂5‑7份,TDI‑50 120‑170份,水10‑14份,硅油5‑8份,辛酸亚锡0.5‑0.7份,胺催化剂A‑33 0.5‑0.7份;具体步骤：将上述除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，混合搅拌均匀，静置3min～5min，再将TDI‑50倒入混合桶，温度控制20℃～24℃，快速搅拌后倒入发泡箱发泡，熟化后裁割。制备方法简单，避免发泡过程中出现的各类问题，不需添加特殊交联剂,易于工业推广,降低生产成本。

Description

一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化工技术领域，具体涉及一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯软泡，指的是软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料，是一种具有一定弹性的柔软性聚氨酯泡沫塑料，它是聚氨酯制品中用量最大的一种聚氨酯产品。按软硬程度，即耐负荷性能的不同，聚氨酯软泡可以分为普通软泡、超柔软泡、高承载软泡、超轻软泡等。按生产工艺的不同，聚氨酯软泡又可分为块状软泡和模塑软泡，块状软泡是通过连续法工艺生产出大体积泡沫再切割成所需形状的泡沫制品，模塑软泡是通过间隙法工艺直接将原料混合后注入模具发泡成所需形状的泡沫制品。聚氨酯软泡多为开孔结构，具有密度低、弹性回复好、吸音、透气、保温等性能，主要用作家具垫材、床垫、交通工具座椅坐垫等垫材，工业和民用上也把软泡用作过滤材料、隔音材料、防震材料、装饰材料、包装材料及隔热材料等。垫材——如座椅、沙发、床垫等，聚氨酯软泡是一种非常理想的垫材材料，垫材也是软泡用量最大的应用领域； 吸音材料——开孔的聚氨酯软泡具有良好的吸声消震功能，可用作室内隔音材料；织物复合材料——垫肩、文胸海绵、化妆棉，玩具等。
聚氨酯软泡反应原理：
（1）TDI与水的反应首先生成不稳定的氨基甲酸，然后分解成二氧化碳和胺。如果TDI过量，可继续反应生成取代脲。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
超低密度聚氨酯软泡因密度低，一般为10g/cm3以下，在包装等领域有广泛应用。但由于泡沫密度低，易开裂，为了保证交联效果，需增加TDI指数，导致泡沫有烧芯的问题；同时泡沫开孔率低，受当地气压压力、原材料等影响较大，一般需采用高稳定性硅表面活性剂和开孔剂方能实现，导致产品生产成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是避免现有技术的缺陷，提供一种使用普通硅油就能得到超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：由下列各组份按质量份混合反应制成：
聚醚多元醇 90-100份
二氯甲烷 105-113份
阻燃剂 5-7份
TDI-50 120-170份
水 10-14份
硅油 5-8份
辛酸亚锡 0.5-0.7份
胺催化剂A-33 0.5-0.7份
具体步骤如下：
将上述除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，用搅拌机混合搅拌均匀，静置3min～5min，再将TDI-50倒入混合桶，温度控制在20℃～24℃，开始计时，快速搅拌5s～8s后，将混合物料倒入发泡箱进行发泡，熟化后裁割成需要的尺寸。
所述混合搅拌时间为20s～30s，搅拌机转速控制为3000rad/min。
所述TDI-50为2，4体含量为50％的甲苯二异氰酸酯。
所述聚醚多元醇羟值56mgKOH/g。
所述阻燃剂为磷酸酯系大分子量阻燃剂或无卤素芳烃杂环类聚氨酯用阻燃剂。
本发明的有益效果是：制备方法简单，通过使用异构比50%TDI、二氯甲烷、阻燃剂等,避免发泡过程中出现塌泡、裂缝等问题，普通聚醚多元醇和硅油即可实现超低密度,不需添加特殊交联剂,易于工业推广,降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1，一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法：将表（一）中除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，用搅拌机混合搅拌25s，搅拌机转速控制为3000rad/min，静置4min，再将2，4体含量为50％的甲苯二异氰酸酯倒入混合桶，温度控制在20℃，开始计时，快速搅拌8s后，将混合物料倒入发泡箱进行发泡，反应时间72s，熟化后裁割成需要的尺寸。经检测软泡密度为5.8g/cm3。
实施例2，一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法：将表（一）中除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，用搅拌机混合搅拌21s，搅拌机转速控制为3000rad/min，静置3min，再将2，4体含量为50％的甲苯二异氰酸酯倒入混合桶，温度控制在22℃，开始计时，快速搅拌5s后，将混合物料倒入发泡箱进行发泡，反应时间65s，熟化后裁割成需要的尺寸。经检测软泡密度为7.6g/cm3。
实施例3，一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法：将表（一）中除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，用搅拌机混合搅拌30s，搅拌机转速控制为3000rad/min，静置5min，再将2，4体含量为50％的甲苯二异氰酸酯倒入混合桶，温度控制在24℃，开始计时，快速搅拌6s后，将混合物料倒入发泡箱进行发泡，反应时间60s，熟化后裁割成需要的尺寸。经检测软泡密度为6.9g/cm3。
表（一）：配方表
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004

Claims (5)

1.一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：由下列各组份按质量份混合反应制成：
聚醚多元醇 90-100份
二氯甲烷 105-113份
阻燃剂 5-7份
TDI-50 120-170份
水 10-14份
硅油 5-8份
辛酸亚锡 0.5-0.7份
胺催化剂A-33 0.5-0.7份
具体步骤如下：
将上述除TDI外的物料依次加入混合桶，用搅拌机混合搅拌均匀，静置3min～5min，再将TDI-50倒入混合桶，温度控制在20℃～24℃，开始计时，快速搅拌5s～8s后，将混合物料倒入发泡箱进行发泡，熟化后裁割成需要的尺寸。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述混合搅拌时间为20s～30s，搅拌机转速控制为3000rad/min。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述TDI-50为2，4体含量为50％的甲苯二异氰酸酯。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇羟值56mgKOH/g。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为磷酸酯系大分子量阻燃剂或无卤素芳烃杂环类聚氨酯用阻燃剂。
CN202011079690.6A 2020-10-11 2020-10-11 一种超低密度聚氨酯软泡的制备方法 Pending CN112126039A (zh)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104497267A (zh) * 2014-12-28 2015-04-08 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 一种高回弹泡沫
CN105504210A (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-20 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 一种超柔软聚氨酯软泡的制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104497267A (zh) * 2014-12-28 2015-04-08 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 一种高回弹泡沫
CN105504210A (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-20 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 一种超柔软聚氨酯软泡的制备方法

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