CN112125225B - Fork truck buffering unloader and fork truck - Google Patents

Fork truck buffering unloader and fork truck Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112125225B
CN112125225B CN202010971501.XA CN202010971501A CN112125225B CN 112125225 B CN112125225 B CN 112125225B CN 202010971501 A CN202010971501 A CN 202010971501A CN 112125225 B CN112125225 B CN 112125225B
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forklift
fork
buffering
gear
blanking device
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CN112125225A (en
Inventor
杨正波
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China National Building Materials Innovation and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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China National Building Materials Innovation and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/12Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/08Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a forklift buffering and blanking device and a forklift, wherein the forklift buffering and blanking device comprises a portal frame and a fork structure arranged on the portal frame, and the fork structure at least comprises a fork and a telescopic buffering assembly; the telescopic buffer component at least comprises a gear arranged in a self-rotating mode, a rack provided with teeth which are meshed with the gear teeth on the gear, and a roller and a damping sheet set which are respectively arranged on two end portions of the rack, wherein the part, which is not meshed with the gear, in the rack extends downwards in the vertical direction. The forklift comprises a forklift body and a forklift buffering and blanking device arranged on the forklift body. Through setting up flexible buffering subassembly to the rotation of gear drives gyro wheel and shock attenuation piece group and upwards or moves down along vertical direction, and the two moving direction is opposite, thereby selects to adopt the gyro wheel to contact below plane and realizes being convenient for remove according to actual need, reduces area of contact, avoids the effect of strikeing, or adopts the shock attenuation piece montage to contact below plane and realize the buffering performance of putting of placing the process.

Description

Fork truck buffering unloader and fork truck
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of forklift structures, in particular to a forklift buffering and blanking device and a forklift.
Background
Forklifts are commonly used as industrial handling vehicles for handling, stacking and short-distance transport of piece goods on pallets, and thus they carry the role of placing and taking to a large extent.
In the process of placing and stacking, the pallet fork supports the pallet, the bottom surface of the pallet fork is usually located above the pallet in the horizontal direction, and the pallet fork mostly adopts modes such as mechanical racks and the like to move up and down, so that the descending speed of the pallet fork is not easy to control, and certain impact pressure is generated between the pallet fork and the lower layer of goods when the pallet fork is placed on the lower layer of goods; simultaneously, at the in-process of taking, also easy because of the high not good control of fork, cause the fork probably to rub the scheduling problem with producing between the goods that the lower floor was put.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a forklift buffering and blanking device and a forklift, wherein the telescopic buffering assembly is arranged, the rotation of the gear drives the roller and the damping sheet set to move upwards or downwards along the vertical direction, and the moving directions of the roller and the damping sheet set are opposite, so that the roller is selected to be in contact with the lower plane according to actual needs to realize convenient movement, the contact area is reduced, the friction effect is avoided, or the damping sheet set is used to be in contact with the lower plane to realize the placing and buffering performance in the placing process.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
in one aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the forklift buffering blanking device comprises a portal and a fork structure which is arranged on the portal in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, wherein the fork structure at least comprises a fork and a telescopic buffering assembly which is partially positioned in the fork and partially penetrates through the bottom surface of the fork and extends to the outside of the fork; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the telescopic buffer assembly at least comprises a gear arranged in a self-rotating mode, a rack provided with teeth which are meshed with the gear teeth on the gear, and a roller and a damping sheet set which are respectively arranged on two end portions of the rack, wherein the part, which is not meshed with the gear, in the rack extends downwards in the vertical direction.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, two end portions of the rack are respectively connected with a link extending in a length direction of the fork at least partially; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
a roller is arranged on the first connecting rod at one end in a rotating manner, and the bottom of the roller is positioned below the lower surface of the first connecting rod;
and a plurality of shock absorption gaskets are sequentially arranged on at least part of the lower surface of the second connecting rod at the other end part in an extending manner along the length direction of the second connecting rod.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the forks are formed in a wedge shape, and the height increases from an end away from the mast to an end close to the mast, and the upper surfaces of the forks are located on the same horizontal plane.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the inside of the fork is at least partially formed into a hollow structure, a part of the bottom surface of the fork is formed to be open, and the thickness of at least the upper shell of the fork and the side shell near one side of the portal is not lower than 5 cm;
the gear is positioned in the hollow structure, and the roller and/or the shock absorbing plate group are at least partially positioned outside the bottom surface of the fork;
the distance between the lowest surface of the gear or the shock absorbing plate group and the horizontal plane is not larger than the distance between the bottom of the fork and the horizontal plane.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the rack includes at least an arc section engaged with the gear, and a vertical section extending from both ends of the arc section in a vertical direction, at least one side wall of the fork adjacent to the side wall close to the door frame is formed with at least one slide bar protruding in the vertical direction, and at least a part of the vertical section is provided with a sliding groove matched with the slide bar.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the second link includes a first extension section, a concave section, and a second extension section that are sequentially connected in a length direction of the fork, and the first link and the roller are located between the first extension section and the second extension section, and axes of the first extension section, the first link, and the second extension section are on the same straight line.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the number of the forks is two, the two forks are connected through a shell with a hollow interior, and the upper surface of the shell is not higher than the upper surfaces of the forks;
a rotating motor is arranged in the shell, and rotating shafts of the rotating motor extend from two ends of the rotating motor and are respectively connected to gears in one fork.
In another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a forklift is provided, and the forklift comprises a forklift body and the forklift buffering and blanking device arranged on the forklift body.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the forklift body is connected with the forklift buffering blanking device through a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
one end of the first connecting piece is hinged with the forklift body, and the other end of the first connecting piece is fixedly connected with the forklift buffering and blanking device;
the second connecting piece at least comprises a telescopic rod which stretches along the length direction, and two ends of the telescopic rod are fixedly connected with the vehicle body and the forklift buffering and blanking device respectively.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the vehicle body is a laser navigation forklift body having a control unit, and the control unit includes at least a rotation module for controlling rotation of the gear.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1) the telescopic buffer assembly penetrating to the outside of the fork is arranged on the fork, and the telescopic buffer assembly is regulated to be positioned below the bottom of the fork in the using process, so that the telescopic buffer assembly is preferentially contacted with the goods below, and the impact force caused in the taking and placing processes is reduced;
2) set up the rack on the gear, and make the both ends of rack extend along vertical direction, and set up gyro wheel and shock attenuation piece group respectively at both ends, make gyro wheel or shock attenuation piece group and below plane contact through the rotation of gear, realize reducing area of contact and the frictional force between each other according to actual conditions and reach the effect that reduces the collision and be convenient for remove, or realize forming shock-absorbing structure between below plane and fork and avoid vibrations or put the effect of the impact force that causes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial internal structure of a fork and a telescopic buffer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second link according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a forklift buffering and blanking device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the forklift provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-portal frame; 2-a fork structure; 3-a first connecting piece; 4-a second connector;
11-a chute; 12-placing a rack; 13-a hydraulic pump; 14-a hydraulic lever;
21-a pallet fork; 22-a telescopic buffer assembly; 23-a housing; 24-a vertical shelf;
221-gear; 222-a rack; 223-a roller; 224-a damper disc pack; 225-a first link; 226-a second link; 227-a shock absorbing pad;
2261-a first extension; 2262-concave section; 2263-second extension.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides a forklift buffering and blanking device, which comprises a portal frame 1 and a fork structure 2 arranged on the portal frame 1 in a sliding manner along a vertical direction, wherein the fork structure 2 at least comprises a fork 21, and a telescopic buffering assembly 22 which is partially positioned inside the fork 21, partially penetrates through the bottom surface of the fork 21 and extends to the outside of the fork 21; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the telescopic buffer assembly 22 at least comprises a gear 221 which is arranged in a self-rotating manner, a rack 222 which is provided with a gear protrusion engaged with the gear teeth on the gear 221, and a roller 223 and a damper sheet group 224 which are respectively arranged on two ends of the rack 222, wherein the part of the rack 222 which is not engaged with the gear 221 extends downwards along the vertical direction.
Of course, the vertical movement of the fork structure 2 on the mast 1 may be realized by those skilled in the art, for example, a placing frame 12 may be disposed on the mast 1, and a hydraulic pump 13 may be disposed on the placing frame 12, the mast 1 at least includes a vertically disposed rod structure, a chute 1 is disposed on the rod structure, and a hydraulic rod 14 on the hydraulic pump 13 is connected to the fork structure 2 and can drive the fork structure 2 to slide on the chute 1 along the vertical direction. Further, fork structure 2 can also include vertical frame 24, and fork 21 is located the bottom setting of vertical frame 24, is provided with the slider with 1 matched with of spout on the vertical frame 24 to make vertical frame 24 can slide and drive whole fork structure 2 along vertical direction and realize the ascending removal of vertical side.
Of course, the roller 223 and the damper sheet set 224 may be directly connected to both ends of the rack bar 222, and in a preferred embodiment, in order to make at least a part of the roller 223 and the damper sheet set 224 slightly away from the rack bar 222, and avoid collision with the rack bar 222, and the like, two ends of the rack bar 222 are respectively connected with a link rod extending along the length direction of the fork 21 at least partially; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
a roller 223 is rotatably arranged on the first link 225 at one end, and the bottom of the roller 223 is positioned below the lower surface of the first link 225;
a plurality of shock absorbing spacers 227 are sequentially provided on at least a part of the lower surface of the second link 226 located at the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the second link 226. Such an arrangement can further increase the extending distance of the shock absorbing shim 227 in the length direction of the fork 21, so as to achieve better effects of shock absorption and the like for the whole fork 21. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement mode, when one end of the gear descends, the other end of the gear ascends, and the effect that the use requirements under different conditions can be met only through the rotation of the gear 221 is effectively achieved. Of course, when one end is lowered to the lowest point where it can reach in use, the bottom surface is spaced below the bottom end of the fork 21 to allow contact between the roller 223 or the damper disc set 224 and the cargo below. Of course, the material of the shock absorbing pad 227 can be selected according to the actual situation, and for example, the material can be elastic rubber, elastic foam, and the like.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate the fork 21 to enter, the fork 21 is formed in a wedge shape and the height increases from the end far from the mast 1 to the end near the mast 1, the upper surfaces of the fork 21 being located on the same horizontal plane.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to avoid the problem that the fork 21 is damaged in the loading process due to the over-thin fork 21, the inner part of the fork 21 is at least partially formed into a hollow structure, part of the bottom surface of the fork 21 is formed to be open, and the thickness of at least the upper shell of the fork 21 and the side shell close to one side of the portal frame 1 is not lower than 5 cm;
the gear 221 is located in the hollow structure, the roller 223 and/or the damper sheet group 224 are at least partially located outside the bottom surface of the fork 21;
the distance between the lowest surface of the gear 221 or the damper sheet group 224 and the horizontal plane is not greater than the distance between the bottom of the fork 21 and the horizontal plane.
In a more preferred embodiment, in order to enable the two ends of the rack 222 to slide in the vertical direction, the rack 222 at least includes an arc-shaped section engaged with the gear 221 and a vertical section extending from the two ends of the arc-shaped section in the vertical direction, at least one side wall of the fork 21 adjacent to the side wall close to the door frame 1 is formed with at least one slide bar in a protruding manner in the vertical direction, and at least a part of the vertical section is provided with a slide slot matched with the slide bar. Of course, a certain conversion between the vertical section and the arc section can be realized according to the difference of the descending heights of the two ends, and the person skilled in the art can understand the conversion according to the actual situation.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the second link 226 comprises a first extension 2261, a concave section 2262 and a second extension 2263 which are sequentially connected along the length direction of the fork 21, the first link 225 and the roller 223 are positioned between the first extension 2261 and the second extension 2263, and the axes of the first extension 2261, the first link 225 and the second extension 2263 are on the same straight line. With this arrangement, the second link 226 can be extended on both sides of the first link 225 and the extension distance of the shock absorbing shim 227 can be increased.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to better realize the rotation of the gear 221, there are two forks 21, and the two forks 21 are connected by a hollow shell 23, and the upper surface of the shell 23 is not higher than the upper surface of the fork 21; a rotation motor is provided in the housing 23, and a rotation shaft of the rotation motor extends from both ends of the rotation motor and is connected to the gears 221 in one of the forks 21, respectively. The gear 221 is driven to rotate by rotating the rotating shaft of the motor, and the gear 221 can rotate simultaneously in the telescopic buffer assemblies 22 on two sides only by rotating the motor, and the telescopic buffer assemblies 22 on two sides can run synchronously.
As shown in FIG. 4, the invention also provides a forklift, which comprises a forklift body and the forklift buffering blanking device arranged on the forklift body. Of course, the vehicle body shown in fig. 4 is a vehicle body of a conventional forklift, namely a vehicle body structure of a manually operated forklift, and vehicle bodies of other types of forklifts can also be adapted by mounting the forklift buffering blanking device provided by the invention.
In a further preferred embodiment, in order to better improve the placing stability of the goods in the carrying process, the forklift body is connected with the forklift buffering and blanking device through a first connecting piece 3 and a second connecting piece 4; one end of the first connecting piece 3 is hinged with the vehicle body, and the other end of the first connecting piece is fixedly connected with the forklift buffering and blanking device; the second connecting piece 4 at least comprises a telescopic rod which is telescopic along the length direction, and two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively fixedly connected with the vehicle body and the forklift buffering and blanking device. Through the flexible of telescopic link for fork truck buffering unloader top is towards the automobile body slope, and makes the goods can lean on vertical frame 24, guarantees the stability in the freight transportation better.
In a more preferred embodiment, the vehicle body is a laser navigation forklift body with a control unit, and the control unit at least comprises a rotation module for controlling the gear 221 to rotate. Of course, the laser navigation forklift body herein may also be provided with other modules so as to be capable of facilitating practical use, for example, a distance detection module may be provided, and the distance detection module herein may be further provided on the roller 223 so as to realize detection of the roller 223 and the lower plane, and avoid a large collision between the two. Of course, the invention is not so limited and any similar other arrangement may be used herein.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The forklift buffering blanking device is characterized by comprising a portal frame (1) and a fork structure (2) which is arranged on the portal frame (1) in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, wherein the fork structure (2) at least comprises a fork (21), and a telescopic buffering assembly (22) which is partially positioned in the fork (21) and partially penetrates through the bottom surface of the fork (21) and extends to the outside of the fork (21); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the telescopic buffer assembly (22) at least comprises a gear (221) which is arranged in a self-rotating mode, a rack (222) which is provided with a gear protrusion meshed with gear teeth on the gear (221), and a roller (223) and a damper pad group (224) which are respectively arranged on two ends of the rack (222), wherein the part, which is not meshed with the gear (221), in the rack (222) extends downwards along the vertical direction;
the interior of the fork (21) is at least partially formed into a hollow structure, part of the bottom surface of the fork (21) is formed to be open, and the thickness of at least the upper shell of the fork (21) and the side shell close to one side of the portal (1) is not lower than 5 cm;
the gear (221) is located in the hollow structure, and the roller (223) and/or the damper sheet group (224) are at least partially located outside of the bottom surface of the fork (21);
the distance between the lowest surface of the gear (221) or the damping plate group (224) and the horizontal plane is not larger than the distance between the bottom of the fork (21) and the horizontal plane;
the rack (222) at least comprises an arc section meshed with the gear (221) and a vertical section extending from two ends of the arc section along the vertical direction, at least one sliding strip is convexly formed on at least one side wall, adjacent to the side wall close to the door frame (1), of the fork (21) along the vertical direction, and at least part of the vertical section is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip.
2. A forklift truck buffer blanking device according to claim 1, characterized in that two ends of the rack (222) are each connected with a link extending at least partially in the length direction along the length direction of the pallet fork (21); and the number of the first and second groups is,
a roller (223) is arranged on the first connecting rod (225) at one end in a rotatable manner, and the bottom of the roller (223) is positioned below the lower surface of the first connecting rod (225);
and a plurality of shock absorption gaskets (227) are sequentially arranged on at least part of the lower surface of the second connecting rod (226) positioned at the other end part in an extending way along the length direction of the second connecting rod (226).
3. A forklift truck buffer blanking device according to claim 2, characterized in that said forks (21) are formed in a wedge shape and increase in height from the end far from said mast (1) to the end near said mast (1), the upper surfaces of said forks (21) being located on the same horizontal plane.
4. The forklift buffering and blanking device according to claim 2, wherein the second connecting rod (226) comprises a first extending section (2261), a concave section (2262) and a second extending section (2263) which are sequentially connected in the length direction of the pallet fork (21), the first connecting rod (225) and the roller (223) are located between the first extending section (2261) and the second extending section (2263), and the axes of the first extending section (2261), the first connecting rod (225) and the second extending section (2263) are on the same straight line.
5. The forklift buffering and blanking device as recited in claim 4, characterized in that there are two forks (21), and the two forks (21) are connected by a hollow shell (23), and the upper surface of the shell (23) is not higher than the upper surface of the forks (21);
a rotating motor is arranged in the shell (23), and rotating shafts of the rotating motor extend from two ends of the rotating motor and are respectively connected to gears (221) in one fork (21).
6. A forklift, characterized in that the forklift comprises a forklift body and the forklift buffering blanking device arranged on the forklift body according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The forklift as claimed in claim 6, wherein the forklift body is connected with the forklift buffering blanking device through a first connecting piece (3) and a second connecting piece (4); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
one end of the first connecting piece (3) is hinged with the vehicle body, and the other end of the first connecting piece is fixedly connected with the forklift buffering and blanking device;
the second connecting piece (4) at least comprises a telescopic rod which stretches along the length direction, and two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively fixedly connected with the vehicle body and the forklift buffering and blanking device.
8. A fork lift truck according to claim 7, characterized in that said truck body is a laser navigation truck body with a control unit comprising at least a rotation module for controlling the rotation of said gear (221).
CN202010971501.XA 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 Fork truck buffering unloader and fork truck Active CN112125225B (en)

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