JP3697825B2 - Rear axle damper - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rear axle damper for an industrial vehicle, and more particularly to a structure of a damper member attached to an axle beam member of a rear wheel in a forklift and an attaching method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In conventional forklifts, the height of the mast, the flatness of the traveling location and the possibility of riding, the weight and volume of the cargo handling, and the cargo handling, depending on the request from the customer who purchases the forklift, In consideration of the degree of turning at the time of loading, etc., a damper member having a desired elastic hardness is attached to the axle beam member of the rear wheel to control the swing performance of the rear wheel.
[0003]
In general, when the mast is high, a damper member having an appropriate elastic hardness is attached to the axle beam member to improve the cargo handling stability and running stability when the cargo handling is tilted or turning.
[0004]
When the height of the mast changes, the former damper member that has been used is removed, and the elastic hardness is replaced with another damper member.
In addition, when the damper member is attached to the axle beam member, even when the mast is low, the damper generates a stress to the lateral load, so the effect of improving the stability during turning has also occurred. .
[0005]
Here, a conventional configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 show a state in which the damper member 42 using the conventional damper rubber is attached to the axle beam member 1 and the attaching method. The damper member 42 is attached to the axle beam member 1 by an attachment portion for the fixing member 43, and the axle beam member 1 can be swung until it is attached to the chassis 6 by the pin 5 and stopped by the stopper 4. is there. The damper member 42 is formed by sticking a single type / single elastic hardness damper rubber to a rectangular metal plate, and is fixed by a fixing member 43. Here, when the damper member 42 is attached, removed, or replaced, the entire axle beam member is removed from the chassis, or even if the fixing means is changed, for example, the chassis 6 is lifted up to the damper member 42 at a minimum. It was necessary to determine the position of the fixing member after removing the load.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, since the damper member has a single elastic hardness, adjustments are made to respond to the height of the mast simply by attaching, removing, or replacing with a different elastic hardness. When changing the mast, it is necessary to remove the axle beam member itself from the chassis, or to lift the chassis at least so that the axle beam member is not subjected to the load on the chassis, and then attach and remove the damper member. Met.
[0007]
Also, in places where the flatness of the running location is poor or where there is a high possibility that only one wheel will run on some convex parts, if the damper member is attached and the load is relatively light, the elastic hardness of the damper member On the other hand, because of the relatively stiff, a shock was transmitted from the damper member to the chassis, which caused the cargo handling stability and running stability to deteriorate.
[0008]
When such a light cargo handling is the main business, the damper member was replaced with a soft one to ease the shock transmitted from the damper member to the chassis.
In any case, in order to attach or remove the damper member to or from the axle beam member in order to replace the mast or adjust the driving conditions, either remove the axle beam member from the chassis as described above, or lift the chassis at least. It is complicated because it is necessary to lift the axle beam member with no load.In addition, when installing a new damper member or replacing it with a damper member with a different elastic hardness, the parts must be purchased at a forklift dealer in advance. It was necessary to keep track of it, and it took a lot of time in remote areas.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, it is mounted on the chassis of the movable body so as to rotate about the shaft portion, and is provided at the contact portion between the axle beam member and the chassis, which holds the tire so as to be slightly rotatable in the vertical direction. In the rear axle damper, the axle damper is composed of a damper member in which a plurality of damper rubbers having different elastic hardnesses are integrally formed. By contacting the damper rubbers having different elastic hardnesses to the chassis, the chassis and the axle beam member are formed. Since the rear axle damper is characterized by changing the damper action between them, the axle beam member can be mounted at a position where any one of a plurality of damper rubbers can be selected and contacted with the abutting portion with the chassis So that you can prepare a large number of damper parts at the dealer or take time Reducing the possible or obtaining the bumpers member, it will allow to change the elastic hardness of the damper rubber simply loosening the fixing member completely without need to remove the damper member. In the present invention, the invention can be easily carried out by using a damper member in which a damper rubber having a plurality of elastic hardnesses is fixed on a metal plate.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows a state where the damper member of the present invention is attached to an axle beam member.
[0011]
The axle beam member 1 is pivotally attached to the chassis 6 by a pin 5 as a shaft portion, and holds tires (not shown) at both ends. In order to keep the chassis 6 stable with respect to the inclination of the axle or the like, the axle beam member 1 is mounted so that it can perform a slight swing operation. A stopper 4 is provided and protected on the upper surface of the axle beam member 1 so that the lower surface of the chassis 6 and the upper surface of the axle beam member 1 do not come into contact with each other during the swing operation. The axle beam member 1 is protected by the left and right stoppers 4. Swing operation is possible while stopped by.
[0012]
Axle beam member which is a contact portion with a chassis by forming a damper rubber half as an elastic body of two kinds of elastic hardness on a metal plate as a mounting plate having a fixing hole with a damper member 2 formed therein The rear axle damper attached to the upper surface of 1 supports the force that the chassis 6 side tilts slightly to the left and right during high loading and turning, and suppresses the lift of the tire until the stopper 4 stops the tilt. To do.
[0013]
The fixing member 3 includes, for example, a bolt 3a, a nut 3b, and a fixing means (not shown) to which a washer or a spring washer is added as necessary. When the damper member 2 is fixed at an appropriate position on the axle beam member 1 and the elastic hardness of the damper rubber of the damper member 2 needs to be changed, it is possible to loosen the fixing to obtain a damper rubber having a different elastic hardness. It has become.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, the two damper members 2 are mounted so that the damper rubber 2a having high elastic hardness is in an effective state as a damper having a large corresponding load on the outside (side closer to the tire). Even when changing to a high mast, it is possible to move with a stable load.
[0015]
In FIG. 1C, the distance relationship between the chassis 6 and the axle beam member 1 is obtained when the axle beam member 1 swings when the left tire (not shown) rides on the protrusion or turns right. It shows how it is not even. In the drawing, the damper rubber 2a on the left side is pressed and deformed into a flat shape so that the stopper 4 and the chassis 6 come into contact with each other. On the contrary, the damper rubber 2a on the right side in the figure is completely separated from the chassis 6 so as not to receive a load from the chassis 6.
[0016]
FIG. 2 is a view showing only the damper member 2 of the present invention. On the metal plate 2c having a hole through which the fixing member 3 penetrates in the central portion, a hole is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole and in a donut shape in the central portion of the circle. A combination damper rubber in which two kinds of damper rubbers 2a and 2b having elastic hardness are formed in half so as to be opened. The metal plate 2c and the combination damper rubbers 2a and 2b are integrated by vulcanization adhesion or strong adhesive or the like, and the center portion can be fixed to the axle beam member 1 by the fixing means 3. . When changing the elastic hardness of the damper, loosen the fixing member 3 and rotate the damper member 2 to select the desired elastic hardness of the damper, and then tighten the fixing member 3 again to easily adjust the elastic hardness of the damper. Change processing can be performed.
[0017]
It is preferable to display on the upper surface side of the damper rubbers 2a and 2b so that it can be easily understood when the elastic hardness of the damper is changed. In the case of FIG. 2, the higher elastic hardness is indicated as "H" for convenience. The lower elastic hardness is indicated as “S”, but in practice, various methods such as color coding and changing the shape can be considered.
[0018]
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the damper member according to the present invention. The damper member 12 shows a case where the type of elastic hardness is changed from two types to three types. It becomes a combination damper rubber composed of one third of the hardness 12a, the middle 12d, and the lowest 12b, and the display on the upper surface of each damper rubber is accompanied by, for example, “H” “M” “S” The other parts are basically the same as in FIG.
[0019]
FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the damper member according to the present invention. The metal plate serving as a pedestal is changed from a disc shape to a rectangular metal plate 22c. In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the combination damper rubbers formed by a plurality of damper rubbers are arranged in series as individual rectangular rubber dampers 22a and 22b, and the fixing members (not shown) are not one but two. Thus, it is shown that the present invention can also be implemented by elongating and sliding the opening for the fixing member to enable position adjustment. In this way, the number of fixed points is increased to two, but the contact area with the chassis can be increased compared to the circular case, and the number of damper rubbers of multiple elastic hardness can be increased in series. It has the advantage of being easy.
[0020]
In addition, if it can fully fix, only one location may be sufficient as it, and three or more locations may be sufficient as it. Further, the moving state is not limited to the slide, and it may be rotated as in the above embodiment.
[0021]
FIG. 5 is an embodiment for explaining the swing property adjusting method of the present invention.
Is placed on the convex step, the damper member 2 on the opposite side to the one placed on the convex step becomes free from the load of the chassis 6. Therefore, the damper member 2 can be freely rotated by loosening the nut 3b of the fixing member 3, and adjusted so that the damper rubber having the desired elastic hardness is in contact with the chassis 6, and the nut 3b of the fixing member 3 is again adjusted. Fix it. Next, the opposite-side tire member 7 is placed on the convex step and the damper member 2 on the opposite side is adjusted in the same manner. By doing so, the elastic hardness of the damper rubber can be changed without lifting the chassis 6 and without removing the axle beam member 1.
[0022]
In addition to this, another configuration in which the elastic hardness for moving and functioning a plurality of elastic bodies having different elastic hardnesses can be changed. For example, the movement form may be other than rotation or slide, and the mounting plate that receives the elastic body may be other than a circle or a rectangle. Further, the material is not limited to metal, and may be other materials such as resin. Further, the rear axle damper may be provided on the chassis side instead of the axle beam member. Furthermore, the elastic members do not necessarily have to be integrally molded, and separate members may be fixed on the mounting plate. Further, the elastic body is not limited to the damper rubber in the embodiment, and other elastic bodies such as an elastic resin and a spring may be used. Furthermore, four or more types of elastic bodies having different elastic hardness may be used. Further, means other than bolts and nuts may be used as the fixing member. For example, the thing using a hook etc. are mentioned.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the damper member can be shared by each forklift, the type and amount of the damper member held in the dealer who sells and adjusts the forklift can be reduced, and the damper member can be used even in a remote place. There is no long wait for acquisition. In addition, dampers with any elastic hardness can be easily obtained, and the change can be easily done by loosening and adjusting the nuts and tightening the nuts again without requiring a large-scale device or a large work amount. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing an embodiment of a damper member of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second damper member according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the upper surface.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the third damper member according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the upper surface.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a method for adjusting a damper member according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional technique.
FIG. 7 is a sketch of the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Axle beam members 2, 12, 22, 42 Damper members 2a, 2b, 12a, 12b, 12d, 22a, 22b Damper rubbers 2c, 12c, 22c Metal plates 3, 43 Fixing member 3a Fixing member bolt 3b Fixing member nut 4 Stopper 5 Pin 6 Chassis 7 Tire

Claims (7)

In the rear axle damper provided at the abutting portion between the axle beam member and the chassis, which is attached to the chassis of the movable body so as to rotate about the shaft portion and holds the tire so as to be slightly rotatable in the vertical direction. The axle damper is composed of a damper member having a plurality of elastic bodies having different elastic hardnesses, and by bringing an elastic body having an appropriate elastic hardness into contact between the chassis and the axle beam member, the chassis and the axle beam member are arranged. Change the damper action between ,
The rear axle damper is characterized in that the damper member has a plurality of elastic bodies attached to the mounting plate, an attachment portion is provided at the center, and is fixed to the axle beam member or the chassis so as to be rotatable .  The rear axle damper according to claim 1, wherein the damper member is provided at two locations where the chassis and the axle beam member abut.  The rear axle damper according to claim 1, wherein the damper member is provided on one side of an axle beam member and a chassis.  The rear axle damper according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the damper member has two or three types of elastic bodies having different elastic hardness. The rear axle damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the damper member has a substantially cylindrical shape attached to the plurality of elastic body mounting plates .  The rear axle damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the damper member is formed by integrally molding a plurality of elastic bodies having different elastic hardnesses. A method of adjusting the swing property by the damper member, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(A) a step of placing one of the tires attached to the axle beam member on a convex step;
(B) among the two damper members having a plurality of elastic bodies having different elastic hardnesses, the step of loosening the fixation of the damper member on the side far from the tire on the step;
(C) fixing the damper member after aligning the direction in which the elastic body having appropriate elastic hardness abuts between the axle beam member and the chassis;
(D) a step of lowering the tire placed on the step and placing the opposite tire on the convex step;
(E) adjusting the direction of the damper member in accordance with steps (b) and (c) above.

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