CN112113091B - Mapping equipment for field geographic information and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Mapping equipment for field geographic information and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113091B CN112113091B CN202011052777.4A CN202011052777A CN112113091B CN 112113091 B CN112113091 B CN 112113091B CN 202011052777 A CN202011052777 A CN 202011052777A CN 112113091 B CN112113091 B CN 112113091B
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- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/043—Allowing translations
- F16M11/046—Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
- F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
- F16M11/121—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction constituted of several dependent joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/16—Details concerning attachment of head-supporting legs, with or without actuation of locking members thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/2007—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment
- F16M11/2014—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment around a vertical axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/2085—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing sideward adjustment, i.e. left-right translation of the head relatively to the undercarriage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/24—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
- F16M2200/06—Arms
- F16M2200/068—Arms being part of the undercarriage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
- F16M2200/08—Foot or support base
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses field geographic information mapping equipment which comprises a supporting platform, a main shaft hinged to the bottom of the supporting platform and a mapping instrument adjusting mechanism fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting platform, wherein the mapping instrument adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed shaft, a height adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the height of a mapping instrument, a direction adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the mapping direction of the mapping instrument and a pitching adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the mapping angle of the mapping instrument, the fixed shaft is fixedly arranged on the direction adjusting mechanism, the height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the direction adjusting mechanism, the pitching adjusting mechanism is arranged on the height adjusting mechanism, and the mapping instrument is arranged on the pitching adjusting mechanism. The invention has the beneficial effects that: can high efficiency leveling supporting platform, can adjust surveying instrument survey and drawing direction wantonly, conveniently adjust surveying instrument's height, can adjust surveying instrument every single move angle, can adapt to the uneven ground level of height.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping equipment, in particular to field geographic information surveying and mapping equipment and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The surveying and mapping equipment refers to instruments and devices for data acquisition, processing, output and the like designed and manufactured for surveying and mapping operation, and the instruments are used for various aspects of orientation, distance measurement, angle measurement, height measurement, mapping, photogrammetry and the like required by measurement work in the planning and designing, construction and operation management stages in engineering construction. Current mapping equipment includes supporting platform, surveying instrument and survey and drawing support, and supporting platform's bottom and its circumferencial direction hinge have three survey and drawing support, and surveying instrument fixed mounting is in supporting platform's top, and when will using this surveying equipment to measure certain regional geographic information, operating personnel can expand three survey and drawing support and support subaerial, uses surveying instrument to observe regional geographic information (such as the straight-line distance of test point apart from the appointed place) of measuring to accomplish the survey and drawing.
When the surveying and mapping equipment is used for surveying and mapping geographic information of a field, an operator supports the three surveying and mapping supports on the field, then adjusts the positions of the surveying and mapping supports relative to the supporting platform, and further ensures that the supporting platform is in a flat state, namely, the table top of the supporting platform is parallel to the ground surface, if the supporting platform is not flat, a lens of the surveying and mapping instrument is in an inclined state, and further the measuring precision of the surveying and mapping instrument is reduced; after the supporting platform is adjusted in place, the field is mapped through the mapping instrument. However, although this surveying and mapping apparatus can perform surveying and mapping of geographic information of a field, the ground in the field is uneven, which results in a long time for an operator to adjust the support platform to a horizontal state, which not only increases the labor intensity of workers, but also reduces the adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, the existing surveying and mapping equipment has the following defects: 1. the surveying angle of surveying instrument camera lens can't adjust at all, needs whole surveying equipment of removal many times just can accomplish the survey and drawing of whole field geographic information. 2. When the height of surveying instrument needs to be adjusted, the height of surveying instrument can be adjusted only by drawing close three surveying and mapping supports or unfolding the three surveying and mapping supports, and the adjustment is very inconvenient. 3. Because the surveying instrument is fixed on the supporting platform, the pitching angle of the surveying instrument cannot be adjusted, and therefore geographical information of high and low areas cannot be surveyed. Therefore, a surveying and mapping device which can quickly and efficiently level a supporting platform, can randomly adjust the surveying and mapping direction of a surveying and mapping instrument, conveniently adjust the height of the surveying and mapping instrument and adapt to uneven ground is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the field geographic information mapping equipment which can quickly and efficiently level the supporting platform, can randomly adjust the mapping direction of the mapping instrument, can adjust the pitching angle of the mapping instrument, conveniently adjust the height of the mapping instrument and can adapt to uneven ground.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a field geographic information mapping device comprises a supporting platform, a main shaft hinged at the bottom of the supporting platform, and a mapping instrument adjusting mechanism fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting platform, wherein the mapping instrument adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed shaft, a height adjusting mechanism for adjusting the height of the mapping instrument, a direction adjusting mechanism for adjusting the mapping direction of the mapping instrument and a pitching adjusting mechanism for adjusting the mapping angle of the mapping instrument, the fixed shaft is fixedly arranged on the direction adjusting mechanism, the height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the direction adjusting mechanism, the pitching adjusting mechanism is arranged on the height adjusting mechanism, the mapping instrument is arranged on the pitching adjusting mechanism, a cantilever is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft, a grounding mechanism is arranged below the cantilever, the grounding mechanism comprises a case, a screw-nut pair arranged in the case, a vertical plate fixedly arranged at the top of the case and a through groove arranged on the side wall of the case, a support plate is fixedly arranged on a nut C of the screw-nut pair, the support plate penetrates through the through groove, a motor I is fixedly arranged on the support plate, an output shaft of the motor I downwards penetrates through the support plate and is connected with a drill bit through a coupler at an extending end, a vertically arranged waist-shaped hole is formed in the vertical plate, a horizontally arranged guide rail is fixedly arranged on the cantilever, a sliding block is slidably arranged on the guide rail, a threaded rod is welded on the front end face of the sliding block, the threaded rod penetrates through the waist-shaped hole and is in threaded connection with a nut D in a threaded section, and the nut D is pressed against the vertical plate under the threaded connection force; the leveling device is characterized in that an external thread is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the upper end of the main shaft, a leveling cylinder is arranged on the external thread, a nut A is welded at the bottom of the leveling cylinder, the nut A is in threaded connection with the external thread, and the main shaft penetrates through the leveling cylinder.
The direction adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing plate and a disc, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the fixing shaft, two through holes located on two sides of the fixing shaft are formed in the fixing plate, the disc is arranged above the fixing plate and is rotatably arranged on the fixing shaft through a ball bearing, two arc holes corresponding to the through holes are formed in the disc, adjusting screws are arranged between the arc holes and the through holes, and the adjusting screws sequentially penetrate through the arc holes and the through holes and are in threaded connection with nuts B.
The height adjusting mechanism comprises a lifting plate and two screw rods fixedly arranged at the top of the disc, the lifting plate is arranged above the disc, two guide holes corresponding to the two screw rods are formed in the lifting plate respectively, the guide holes of the lifting plate are sleeved on the screw rods, the top of each screw rod is in threaded connection with a nut E, a spring is sleeved on each screw rod, one end of each spring is welded on the disc, and the other end of each spring is welded on the lifting plate.
The pitching adjusting mechanism comprises a support plate, a pitching plate and a pitching plate driving mechanism, the support plate is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate, one end of the pitching plate is hinged on the support plate, the pitching plate is horizontally arranged, the pitching plate driving mechanism comprises a sleeve, a shifting rod and a mandril, the sleeve is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate and is arranged below the pitching plate, the mandril is arranged in the sleeve in a sliding manner, a side groove communicated with an inner hole of the sleeve is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, the shifting rod is hinged to the side wall of the side groove and is an L-shaped rod, the vertical part of the shifting rod extends into the inner hole of the sleeve, the top of the vertical part is abutted against the bottom of the ejector rod, the horizontal part of the deflector rod is hinged in the side groove, a vertically arranged extension spring is arranged in the sleeve, one end of the extension spring is fixedly arranged on the lifting plate, the other end of the extension spring is fixedly arranged on the horizontal part of the deflector rod, and the top of the ejector rod is abutted against the bottom surface of the pitching plate under the spring force of the extension spring.
And the fixed shaft is provided with a rolling bearing, and an inner ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with the fixed shaft.
The arc-shaped groove is formed in one end of the cantilever and welded to the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
The bottom of the main shaft is fixedly provided with a pointed end.
The screw-nut pair is vertically arranged and comprises a nut C, a screw rod, a motor II and a rack, the rack is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the case and located above the through groove, the motor II is fixedly arranged at the top of the rack, the screw rod is rotatably arranged between the rack and the bottom of the case, the nut C is in threaded connection with the screw rod, and an output shaft of the motor II is connected with one end of the screw rod through a coupler.
The motor I is electrically connected with the motor II.
The method for measuring land geographic information by the surveying and mapping equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, inserting the tip into the field, and supporting the whole surveying instrument adjusting mechanism by the main shaft, thereby realizing the fixation of a first fulcrum;
s2, leveling the supporting platform, wherein an operator rotates the nut A to enable the nut A to move upwards along the axial direction of the main shaft, the nut A drives the leveling cylinder to move upwards, the top surface of the leveling cylinder supports the supporting platform, and when the bottom surface of the supporting platform is completely attached to the top surface of the leveling cylinder, the leveling of the supporting platform can be completed;
s3, fixing a second fulcrum, rotating the cantilever by an operator, driving the grounding mechanism to rotate around the axis of the main shaft by the cantilever, and stopping rotating the cantilever when the grounding mechanism rotates to be close to a high ground layer in a field; then loosening the nut D, sliding the vertical plate upwards to enable the whole grounding mechanism to be located above a high ground layer, and tightening the nut D after the vertical plate is in place to lock the support plate and the grounding mechanism on the sliding block; then, an operator horizontally slides the sliding block along the guide rail, and when the drill bit of the grounding mechanism is positioned right above the high ground layer, the sliding block stops sliding; then, the motor I and the motor II are turned on, the motor II drives the nut C to rotate, the nut C moves downwards along the screw rod, the drill bit is further driven to move downwards, meanwhile, the motor I drives the drill bit to rotate, the drill bit drills into a high stratum under two combined motions, and therefore fixing of a second pivot is achieved, the whole surveying and mapping equipment is fixed in a field, and at the moment, an operator can conduct geographical surveying and mapping on the field;
s4, in the surveying and mapping process, if the surveying and mapping direction of the surveying and mapping instrument is to be adjusted, the nut B can be unscrewed, then the disc is rotated around the axis of the main shaft, the adjusting screw moves in the arc-shaped hole relative to the disc at the moment, the disc drives the height adjusting mechanism and the surveying and mapping instrument thereon to rotate when rotating, and the nut B is screwed after the adjusting is in place, so that the direction of the surveying and mapping instrument is adjusted; if the height of the surveying instrument is required to be adjusted, the nut E can be unscrewed or screwed, when the nut E is screwed, the nut E presses the lifting plate downwards to drive the surveying instrument to move downwards, and when the nut E is unscrewed, the lifting plate moves upwards under the restoring force of the spring to drive the surveying instrument to move upwards, so that the height of the surveying instrument is adjusted; when the every single move angle that will change surveying instrument, can upwards lift up the left end portion of driving lever or push down the left end portion of driving lever, when pushing down the left end portion of driving lever, the driving lever drives the ejector pin upward movement, and the ejector pin upwards lifts up the every single move board, and the every single move board upwards rotates for the extension board, and then drives surveying instrument and upwards overturns, when upwards lifting up the left end portion of driving lever, the horizontal part compression extension spring of driving lever, and the every single move board rotates downwards for the extension board under self gravity to change surveying instrument's every single move angle.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the support platform is fixed by two supporting points, the traditional surveying and mapping equipment with three surveying and mapping supports is replaced, and the support platform is conveniently kept in a horizontal state, so that the leveling time of the support platform is greatly shortened, the labor intensity of operators is relieved, and the leveling efficiency is greatly improved.
2. The direction adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing plate and a disc, wherein the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on a fixing shaft, the fixing plate is provided with two through holes positioned at two sides of the fixing shaft, the disc is arranged above the fixing plate, the disc is rotatably arranged on the fixing shaft through a ball bearing, the disc is provided with two arc-shaped holes corresponding to the through holes, an adjusting screw is arranged between each arc-shaped hole and each through hole, the adjusting screws sequentially penetrate through the arc-shaped holes and the through holes and are in threaded connection with a nut B, when the surveying and mapping direction of a surveying and mapping instrument is to be adjusted, the nut B can be unscrewed, then the disc is rotated around the axis of a main shaft, the adjusting screws move in the arc-shaped holes relative to the disc at the moment, the disc drives the height adjusting mechanism and the surveying and mapping instrument on the height adjusting mechanism to rotate when the disc rotates, and the nut B is screwed after the adjustment is in place, so that the direction of the surveying and mapping instrument is adjusted; therefore compare traditional mapping equipment, this mapping equipment only needs unscrew nut B can adjust the direction of adjusting surveying instrument, has the convenient characteristics of direction of regulation.
3. The height adjusting mechanism comprises a lifting plate and two screw rods fixedly arranged at the top of a disc, wherein the lifting plate is arranged above the disc, the lifting plate is provided with two guide holes respectively corresponding to the two screw rods, the guide holes of the lifting plate are sleeved on the screw rods, the top of each screw rod is in threaded connection with a nut E, a spring is sleeved on each screw rod, one end of each spring is welded on the disc, the other end of each spring is welded on the lifting plate, when the height of a surveying and mapping instrument is to be adjusted, the nut E can be unscrewed or screwed, when the nut E is screwed, the lifting plate is pressed downwards to drive the surveying and mapping instrument to move downwards, when the nut E is unscrewed, the lifting plate moves upwards under the restoring force of the spring to drive the surveying and mapping instrument to move upwards, and therefore the height adjustment of the surveying and mapping instrument is achieved; consequently compare traditional mapping equipment and need adjust the mode that the surveying instrument height was changed to the survey and drawing support, this mapping equipment only needs the height that can adjust surveying instrument of unscrewing or screwing up nut E, has the convenient characteristics of height-adjusting.
4. The pitching adjusting mechanism comprises a support plate, a pitching plate and a pitching plate driving mechanism, wherein the support plate is fixedly arranged on the top surface of a lifting plate, one end of the pitching plate is hinged to the support plate, the pitching plate is horizontally arranged, the pitching plate driving mechanism comprises a sleeve, a deflector rod and a mandril, the sleeve is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate and is arranged below the pitching plate, the mandril is arranged in the sleeve in a sliding mode, a side groove communicated with an inner hole of the sleeve is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, the deflector rod is hinged to the side wall of the side groove and is an L-shaped rod, the vertical part of the deflector rod extends into the inner hole of the sleeve, the top of the vertical part abuts against the bottom of the mandril, the horizontal part of the deflector rod is hinged to the side groove, a vertically arranged extension spring is arranged in the sleeve, one end of the extension spring is fixedly arranged on the lifting plate, the other end of the extension spring is fixedly arranged on the horizontal part of the deflector rod, the top of the ejector rod is pressed against the bottom surface of the pitching plate; when changing surveying instrument's every single move angle, can upwards lift up the left end portion of driving lever or the left end portion of pushing down the driving lever, when the left end portion of pushing down the driving lever, the driving lever drives ejector pin upward movement, the ejector pin upwards lifts up the luffing board, the luffing board upwards rotates for the extension board, and then drive surveying instrument and upwards overturn, when upwards lifting up the left end portion of driving lever, the horizontal part compression extension spring of driving lever, the luffing board downwards rotates for the extension board under self gravity, thereby change surveying instrument's every single move angle, consequently, the problem of the unable regulation every single move angle of traditional surveying equipment has been solved, the limitation of using has been promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cantilever;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the leveling cylinder and the nut A;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the pitch plate drive mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a disk;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the support platform in a leveled state;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a bit being stuck into a high formation;
in the figure, 1-supporting platform, 2-main shaft, 3-fixed shaft, 4-surveying instrument, 5-cantilever, 6-grounding mechanism, 7-cabinet, 8-vertical plate, 9-through groove, 10-supporting plate, 11-motor I, 12-drill bit, 13-waist-shaped hole, 14-guide rail, 15-slide block, 16-threaded rod, 17-nut D, 18-external thread, 19-leveling cylinder, 20-nut A, 21-fixing plate, 22-disc, 23-through hole, 24-arc-shaped hole, 25-adjusting screw, 26-nut B, 27-lifting plate, 28-screw, 29-nut E, 30-spring, 31-supporting plate, 32-pitching plate, 33-sleeve, 34-a deflector rod, 35-a mandril, 36-a side groove, 37-a rolling bearing, 38-a tip, 39-a nut C, 40-a screw rod, 41-a motor II, 42-a frame, 43-an extension spring and 44-the ground.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, without limiting the scope of the invention to the following:
as shown in figures 1-8, a field geographic information mapping equipment, it includes supporting platform 1, articulate in main shaft 2 of supporting platform 1 bottom, set firmly in the surveying instrument adjustment mechanism at supporting platform 1 top, the bottom of main shaft 2 has set firmly tip 38, surveying instrument adjustment mechanism includes fixed axle 3, the height adjustment mechanism that is used for adjusting surveying instrument height, the direction adjustment mechanism that is used for adjusting surveying instrument direction of surveying instrument and the every single move adjustment mechanism that is used for adjusting surveying instrument angle, fixed axle 3 sets firmly on the direction adjustment mechanism, and the height adjustment mechanism sets up on the direction adjustment mechanism, and the every single move adjustment mechanism sets up on the height adjustment mechanism, is provided with surveying instrument 4 on the every single move adjustment mechanism, the rotatory cantilever 5 that installs on fixed axle 3, and the below of cantilever 5 is provided with ground mechanism 6, and ground mechanism 6 includes quick- witted case 7, 7, The lead screw nut pair is arranged in the case 7, the vertical plate 8 is fixedly arranged at the top of the case 7, and the through groove 9 is formed in the side wall of the case 7, a support plate 10 is fixedly arranged on a nut C39 of the lead screw nut pair, the support plate 10 penetrates through the through groove 9, a motor I11 is fixedly arranged on the support plate 10, an output shaft of a motor I11 downwards penetrates through the support plate 10 and is connected with a drill bit 12 through a coupler at an extending end, a vertically-arranged waist-shaped hole 13 is formed in the vertical plate 8, a horizontally-arranged guide rail 14 is fixedly arranged on the cantilever 5, a sliding block 15 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 14, a threaded rod 16 is welded on the front end face of the sliding block 15, the threaded rod 16 penetrates through the waist-shaped hole 13 and is in threaded connection with a nut D17 in the threaded section, and the nut D17 is pressed on the vertical plate 8 under the threaded connection force; the main shaft 2 is characterized in that an external thread 18 is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the upper end portion of the main shaft 2, a leveling cylinder 19 is arranged on the external thread 18, a nut A20 is welded at the bottom of the leveling cylinder 19, a nut A20 is connected to the external thread 18 in a threaded mode, and the main shaft 2 penetrates through the leveling cylinder 19.
The direction adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing plate 21 and a disc 22, the fixing plate 21 is fixedly arranged on the fixing shaft 3, two through holes 23 located on two sides of the fixing shaft 3 are formed in the fixing plate 21, the disc 22 is arranged above the fixing plate 21, the disc 22 is rotatably arranged on the fixing shaft 3 through a ball bearing, two arc-shaped holes 24 corresponding to the through holes 23 are formed in the disc 22, an adjusting screw 25 is arranged between each arc-shaped hole 24 and the through hole 23, and the adjusting screw 25 sequentially penetrates through the arc-shaped holes 24 and the through holes 23 and is in threaded connection with a nut B26.
Height adjustment mechanism includes lifter plate 27, sets firmly two screw rods 28 at disc 22 top, and lifter plate 27 sets up in disc 22 top, has seted up two on the lifter plate 27 respectively with two corresponding guiding holes of screw rod 28, and on the screw rod 28 was located to the guiding hole cover of lifter plate 27, the top threaded connection of screw rod 28 had nut E29, and the cover is equipped with spring 30 on the screw rod 28, and spring 30's one end welds on disc 22, and the other end welds on lifter plate 27.
The pitching adjusting mechanism comprises a support plate 31, a pitching plate 32 and a pitching plate driving mechanism, the support plate 31 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate 27, one end of the pitching plate 32 is hinged on the support plate 31, the pitching plate 32 is horizontally arranged, the pitching plate driving mechanism comprises a sleeve 33, a shift lever 34 and a mandril 35, the sleeve 33 is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate 27 and is arranged below the pitching plate 32, the mandril 35 is arranged in the sleeve 33 in a sliding manner, a side groove 36 communicated with an inner hole of the sleeve 33 is formed in the side wall of the sleeve 33, the shift lever 34 is hinged on the side wall of the side groove 36, the shift lever 34 is an L-shaped rod, the vertical part of the shift lever 34 extends into the inner hole of the sleeve 33, the top of the vertical part abuts against the bottom of the mandril 35, the horizontal part of the shift lever 34 is hinged in the side groove 36, a vertically arranged extension spring 43 is arranged in the sleeve 33, one end of the extension spring 43 is fixedly arranged on the lifting plate 27, the other end is fixed on the horizontal part of the shift lever 34, and the top of the post rod 35 is pressed against the bottom surface of the pitching plate 32 under the spring force of the tension spring 43.
The fixed shaft 3 is provided with a rolling bearing 37, and an inner ring of the rolling bearing 37 is in interference fit with the fixed shaft 3. The arc-shaped groove is formed in one end of the cantilever 5 and welded to the outer ring of the rolling bearing 37.
The vice vertical setting of screw-nut, the screw-nut is vice including nut C39, lead screw 40, motor II41 and frame 42, frame 42 sets firmly on the lateral wall of quick-witted case 7 and is located logical groove 9's top, and motor II41 fixed mounting has lead screw 40 in the top of frame 42, and rotatory installation has between the bottom of frame 42 and quick-witted case 7, and nut C39 threaded connection is on lead screw 40, and motor II 41's output shaft and lead screw 40's one end are through the coupling joint. It also includes a controller electrically connected to motor II41 and motor I11.
The method for measuring land geographic information by the surveying and mapping equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, inserting the tip 38 into the field, and supporting the whole surveying instrument adjusting mechanism by the main shaft 2, thereby realizing the fixation of a first fulcrum;
s2, leveling the supporting platform, wherein an operator rotates the nut A20 to enable the nut A20 to move upwards along the axial direction of the main shaft 2, the nut A20 drives the leveling cylinder 19 to move upwards, the top surface of the leveling cylinder 19 supports the supporting platform 1, and when the bottom surface of the supporting platform 1 is completely attached to the top surface of the leveling cylinder 19, the supporting platform can be leveled as shown in FIG. 9;
s3, fixing a second fulcrum, firstly rotating the cantilever 5 by an operator, driving the grounding mechanism 6 to rotate around the axis of the main shaft 2 by the cantilever 5, and stopping rotating the cantilever when the grounding mechanism 6 rotates to be close to a high ground layer in the field; then the nut D17 is unscrewed, the vertical plate 8 is slid upwards to enable the whole grounding mechanism 6 to be positioned above a high ground layer, and the nut D17 is screwed after the whole grounding mechanism 6 is in place to lock the support plate 31 and the grounding mechanism 6 thereof on the sliding block 15; then the operator horizontally slides the slide block 15 along the guide rail 14, and when the drill bit 12 of the grounding mechanism 6 is positioned right above the high ground layer, the slide block 15 stops sliding; then, the motor I11 and the motor II41 are turned on, the motor II41 drives the nut C39 to rotate, the nut C39 moves downwards along the screw rod 40 to drive the drill bit 12 to move downwards, meanwhile, the motor I11 drives the drill bit 12 to rotate, the drill bit 12 drills into a high stratum under two combined motions as shown in figure 10, so that the fixation of a second fulcrum is realized, the whole surveying and mapping equipment is fixed in a field, and at the moment, an operator can conduct geographical surveying and mapping on the field; therefore, the surveying and mapping equipment replaces the traditional surveying and mapping equipment with three surveying and mapping supports to survey and map, and the supporting platform 1 is conveniently kept in a horizontal state, so that the leveling time of the supporting platform is greatly shortened, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the leveling efficiency is also greatly improved;
s4, in the surveying process, if the surveying direction of the surveying instrument 4 is to be adjusted, the nut B26 can be unscrewed, then the disc 22 is rotated around the axis of the main shaft 2, the adjusting screw 25 moves in the arc-shaped hole 24 relative to the disc 22 at the moment, the height adjusting mechanism and the surveying instrument 4 on the height adjusting mechanism are driven to rotate when the disc 22 rotates, and the nut B26 is screwed after the adjustment is in place, so that the direction of the surveying instrument is adjusted; therefore, compared with the traditional surveying and mapping equipment, the direction of the surveying and mapping instrument can be adjusted by unscrewing the nut B, and the surveying and mapping equipment has the characteristic of convenient direction adjustment; if the height of the surveying instrument 4 needs to be adjusted, the nut E29 can be loosened or screwed, when the nut E29 is screwed, the nut E29 presses the lifting plate 27 downwards to drive the surveying instrument 4 to move downwards, and when the nut E29 is unscrewed, the lifting plate 27 moves upwards under the restoring force of the spring 30 to drive the surveying instrument 4 to move upwards, so that the height adjustment of the surveying instrument is realized; therefore, compared with the traditional mode that the height of the surveying instrument is changed by adjusting the surveying and mapping bracket, the height of the surveying and mapping instrument can be adjusted by unscrewing or screwing the nut E by the surveying and mapping equipment, and the height adjusting device has the characteristic of convenient height adjustment; when the pitching angle of the surveying instrument is to be changed, the left end of the deflector rod 34 can be lifted upwards or the left end of the deflector rod 34 can be pressed downwards, when the left end of the deflector rod 34 is pressed downwards, the deflector rod 34 drives the ejector rod 35 to move upwards, the ejector rod 35 lifts the pitching plate 32 upwards, the pitching plate 32 rotates upwards relative to the support plate 31 and further drives the surveying instrument 4 to turn upwards, when the left end of the deflector rod 34 is lifted upwards, the horizontal part of the deflector rod 34 compresses the tension spring 43, and the pitching plate 32 rotates downwards relative to the support plate 31 under the self gravity, so that the pitching angle of the surveying instrument is changed. Therefore, the problem that the pitching angle of the traditional surveying and mapping equipment cannot be adjusted is solved, and the use limitation is improved.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A field geographic information mapping apparatus, characterized by: it includes supporting platform (1), articulate in main shaft (2) of supporting platform (1) bottom, set firmly in the surveying instrument adjustment mechanism at supporting platform (1) top, surveying instrument adjustment mechanism includes fixed axle (3), a high adjustment mechanism for adjusting surveying instrument height, a direction adjustment mechanism for adjusting surveying instrument survey and drawing direction and a every single move adjustment mechanism for adjusting surveying instrument survey and drawing angle, fixed axle (3) set firmly on direction adjustment mechanism, high adjustment mechanism sets up on direction adjustment mechanism, every single move adjustment mechanism sets up on high adjustment mechanism, is provided with surveying instrument (4) on the every single move adjustment mechanism, rotatory mounting has cantilever (5) on fixed axle (3), and the below of cantilever (5) is provided with ground mechanism (6), and ground mechanism (6) include quick-witted case (7), set up the screw rod nut pair in quick-witted case (7), A vertical plate (8) fixedly arranged at the top of the case (7) and a through groove (9) arranged on the side wall of the case (7), a support plate (10) is fixedly arranged on a nut C (39) of the screw-nut pair, the support plate (10) penetrates through the through groove (9), a motor I (11) is fixedly arranged on the support plate (10), an output shaft of the motor I (11) downwards penetrates through the support plate (10) and is connected with a drill bit (12) at the extending end through a coupler, a vertical waist-shaped hole (13) is formed in the vertical plate (8), a horizontally arranged guide rail (14) is fixedly arranged on the cantilever (5), a sliding block (15) is arranged on the guide rail (14) in a sliding manner, a threaded rod (16) is welded on the front end face of the sliding block (15), the threaded rod (16) penetrates through the waist-shaped hole (13) and is connected with a nut D (17) in a threaded manner on the thread section of the threaded rod, and the nut D (17) is pressed on the vertical plate (8) under the threaded connection force; the leveling device is characterized in that an external thread (18) is arranged on a cylindrical surface of the upper end part of the main shaft (2), a leveling cylinder (19) is arranged on the external thread (18), a nut A (20) is welded at the bottom of the leveling cylinder (19), the nut A (20) is in threaded connection with the external thread (18), and the main shaft (2) penetrates through the leveling cylinder (19).
2. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the direction adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing plate (21) and a disc (22), the fixing plate (21) is fixedly arranged on the fixing shaft (3), two through holes (23) located on two sides of the fixing shaft (3) are formed in the fixing plate (21), the disc (22) is arranged above the fixing plate (21), the disc (22) is rotatably arranged on the fixing shaft (3) through a ball bearing, two arc-shaped holes (24) corresponding to the through holes (23) are formed in the disc (22), an adjusting screw (25) is arranged between each arc-shaped hole (24) and the corresponding through hole (23), and the adjusting screw (25) sequentially penetrates through the arc-shaped holes (24) and the through holes (23) and is in threaded connection with a nut B (26).
3. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: height adjustment mechanism includes lifter plate (27), set firmly two screw rods (28) at disc (22) top, lifter plate (27) set up in disc (22) top, two guiding holes corresponding with two screw rods (28) respectively have been seted up on lifter plate (27), the guiding hole cover of lifter plate (27) is located on screw rod (28), the top threaded connection of screw rod (28) has nut E (29), the cover is equipped with spring (30) on screw rod (28), the one end of spring (30) welds on disc (22), the other end welds on lifter plate (27).
4. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pitching adjusting mechanism comprises a support plate (31), a pitching plate (32) and a pitching plate driving mechanism, the support plate (31) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate (27), one end of the pitching plate (32) is hinged to the support plate (31), the pitching plate (32) is horizontally arranged, the pitching plate driving mechanism comprises a sleeve (33), a shifting rod (34) and an ejector rod (35), the sleeve (33) is fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate (27) and arranged below the pitching plate (32), the ejector rod (35) is arranged in the sleeve (33) in a sliding manner, a side groove (36) communicated with an inner hole of the sleeve (33) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (33), the shifting rod (34) is hinged to the side wall of the side groove (36), the shifting rod (34) is an L-shaped rod, the vertical part of the shifting rod (34) extends into the inner hole of the sleeve (33), and the top of the vertical part abuts against the bottom of the ejector rod (35), the horizontal part of the shifting lever (34) is hinged in the side groove (36), a vertically arranged extension spring (43) is arranged in the sleeve (33), one end of the extension spring (43) is fixedly arranged on the lifting plate (27), the other end of the extension spring is fixedly arranged on the horizontal part of the shifting lever (34), and the top of the mandril (35) is pressed against the bottom surface of the pitching plate (32) under the spring force of the extension spring (43).
5. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the fixed shaft (3) is provided with a rolling bearing (37), and an inner ring of the rolling bearing (37) is in interference fit with the fixed shaft (3).
6. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped groove is formed in one end of the cantilever (5) and welded to the outer ring of the rolling bearing (37).
7. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a pointed end (38) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main shaft (2).
8. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the screw-nut pair is vertically arranged and comprises a nut C (39), a screw rod (40), a motor II (41) and a rack (42), the rack (42) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the case (7) and located above the through groove (9), the motor II (41) is fixedly arranged at the top of the rack (42), the screw rod (40) is rotatably arranged between the bottom of the rack (42) and the bottom of the case (7), the nut C (39) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (40), and an output shaft of the motor II (41) is connected with one end of the screw rod (40) through a coupler.
9. The field geographic information mapping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the motor control system further comprises a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the motor II (41) and the motor I (11).
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| CN112903343B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-11-08 | 通化师范学院 | Geographic data collection device and collection method thereof |
| CN113606468A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-05 | 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 | Coal mine water prevention and control monitoring device |
| CN114088048B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-06-04 | 刘春太 | Multipurpose geographical measuring instrument |
| CN114798767B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-06-20 | 山东鑫泰新材料科技有限公司 | Device for detecting camber of hot rolled coil and application method thereof |
| CN114754269B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-02 | 烟台市标准计量检验检测中心(国家蒸汽流量计量烟台检定站、烟台市质量技术监督评估鉴定所) | Fertile farmland area metering device |
| CN115792191A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-14 | 安徽启程工程质量检测有限责任公司 | Be used for special equipment surface anticorrosive coating detection device |
| CN117108892B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-02-02 | 泰安市金土地测绘整理有限公司 | Ground levelness mapping equipment for mapping engineering |
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