CN112110511A - Nano spar - Google Patents
Nano spar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112110511A CN112110511A CN202010860878.8A CN202010860878A CN112110511A CN 112110511 A CN112110511 A CN 112110511A CN 202010860878 A CN202010860878 A CN 202010860878A CN 112110511 A CN112110511 A CN 112110511A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano-spar which is characterized in that a porous material consisting of open air holes and capillary pipelines is arranged in a matrix, the adjacent air holes are communicated with each other through more than one capillary pipeline, and the air holes are randomly distributed in the matrix. (1) The nano-spar material can effectively collect liquid, and the volume water storage rate of the body can reach 50-95%; (2) the nano-spar material can effectively adsorb various harmful substances in rainwater and sewage, and is slowly supplied to surface plants by utilizing a capillary channel of the nano-spar material to be absorbed and digested as nutrients; (3) the nano-spar material is a green environment-friendly material formed by mixing natural materials and biological fibers, and the material and the production process have no pollution formation/discharge; (4) the nano-spar material has stable physical and chemical properties and can be continuously used for 50-80 years.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a porous water storage and purification material, in particular to nano spar, and belongs to the field of nano materials.
Background
Along with the progress of global urbanization development, more and more people concentrate on life and work in cities, water resources are used as important resources for human survival, and effective collection and purification of urban water quality become important requirements for future urbanization development.
China is a country with extremely short water resources, more than 400 cities in 600 cities across the country have insufficient water supply, 110 cities are seriously short of water, the water resource waste is serious, the water resource cannot be effectively utilized, the rainwater resource in China is relatively rich, the annual precipitation of most cities in China can reach more than 400 milliliters, and the urban precipitation in south is generally more than 1000. Meanwhile, China has achieved some achievements in the aspect of rainwater utilization, for example, Beijing builds a rubber dam to intercept rainwater; in northwest arid regions, a water pool and a water cellar are built to intercept and collect rainwater, so that the drought resisting effect is obvious; a newly-built district in Nanjing collects rainwater, and the rainwater passes through an initial stage flow discarding pool, a coagulation pool and a sedimentation pool and is used for irrigating green land, spraying roads and the like. However, compared with the situation of water resource shortage in China, the implementation of rainwater resource recycling is still insufficient, and the research on urban rainwater storage materials is in the starting stage.
At present, rainwater is collected in China by adopting a plurality of materials, from the perspective of basic materials, sand stones, gravel stones, volcanic rocks, water storage modules and the like are basically arranged, the materials mainly store water structurally, and various problems exist when rainwater is collected by mainly utilizing a carried structure.
The gravel and gravel structure can only solve the problem of water circulation, has very limited water storage capacity, cannot interact with a ground plant layer, and cannot realize real utilization;
the volcanic rock is a natural resource and has water storage capacity, but the volcanic rock has different efficiencies, complex mineral structure per se, little environment-friendly effect, high efficiency, high price and incapability of being used in a large area;
the water storage module has two modes of reinforced cement and a plastic module at present, water is stored for a typical structural formula, the cost is high, the construction period is long, and the water storage material of the plastic module can cause environmental pollution and has the risk of ground surface collapse.
The above materials cannot purify rainwater effectively when being collected, and rainwater must be treated and purified in other processes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the rainwater collecting material in the prior art cannot achieve the rainwater purification effect, the invention provides the nano-spar with the porous structure and the water storage and purification function, wherein the material is a porous material consisting of a plurality of open pores and capillary pipelines, so that liquid can be quickly absorbed into the internal pores through the capillary pores, harmful substances in the liquid can be purified, and the purified liquid can be slowly discharged under the condition of permission.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the structure of the nano crystal stone material is that a porous material consisting of open pores and capillary channels is arranged in a matrix, the adjacent pores are communicated with each other through more than one capillary channel, and the pores are randomly distributed in the matrix.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem further comprises the following steps:
the basic structure and the performance of the nano-spar are as follows:
the self porosity is 50-90%;
the volume water storage rate of the body is 50-95 percent;
the body can directly absorb water with the volume of 50-90 percent within 2-3 minutes;
the cylinder pressure strength is 0.4MPa-2 MPa;
the specific gravity of the product is 0.4-1 kg/L.
The shape of the air hole comprises a circle, an unordered ellipse, a goose oval shape, a gourd shape or an oblate shape.
The internal size of the open air hole is between 0.1mm and 5 mm.
The internal size of the open air hole is 1 mm.
The capillary channels are in a net shape or a honeycomb shape.
The diameter of capillary duct be 200nm-500um, the pipe wall thickness of capillary duct is 100um-200 um.
The clay be earth's surface clay, adopt the clay layer that the natural weathering of earth's surface formed, adopt pure graininess SiO2 after rinsing and screening get rid of wherein grit, different areas because geology phenomenon's difference, the content and the performance of clay have a small amount of changes, wherein the typical: kaolin; shale soil; red soil in southern China; black brown soil in northeast; west weathered loess.
The clay can also be silt near natural lakes, rivers and reservoirs, and fine clay is selected from the clay through the processes of cleaning, filtering, screening and the like, wherein the main component of the clay is SiO 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nano-spar material is adopted for rainwater collection, and the following effects are mainly achieved: (1) the adoption of the nano-spar material can quickly collect liquid (containing flowing liquid such as rainwater, municipal sewage and the like), and the volume water storage rate of the body can reach 50-95% within 2-3 minutes; (2) the nano-spar material can effectively adsorb various harmful substances (COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and salinity) in rainwater and sewage, and is slowly supplied to surface plants by utilizing a capillary channel per se to be absorbed and digested as nutrients; (3) the usable materials of the nano-spar material are mainly natural materials such as clay or kaolin and the like, and then the material is a green environment-friendly material formed by mixing biological fibers, the material per se and the production process have no pollution formation/discharge, and the nano-spar material can be used in a plurality of fields; (4) the nano-spar material has stable physical and chemical properties and can be continuously used for 50-80 years. The invention can be used as an effective material for collecting and purifying urban rainwater and sewage, so that the rainwater and the sewage in the city can be more efficiently regenerated and utilized, the shortage of urban water sources is solved, and various water resource problems such as urban waterlogging can be effectively prevented.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the appearance of a product made of kaolin clay according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of an overall product made from kaolin clay according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a cross-section of a product prepared by using kaolin clay according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a photograph of the interior of a product made of kaolin clay according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the appearance of a product prepared by using shale soil as a clay material according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a photograph of the interior of a product prepared by using shale soil as a clay material according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the appearance of a product prepared by using reservoir sludge as a clay material according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a photograph of the interior of a product prepared using reservoir sludge as a clay material according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a photograph of the appearance of a product made with southern red clay as a clay material according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a photograph of the interior of a product made with southern red clay as a clay material in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a photograph of a product of the present invention under a microscope of 60 ten thousand times electron microscope.
In the figure, 1-matrix, 2-pores, 3-channels.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and other embodiments having the same or similar principles and basic structures as the embodiment are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention mainly provides a nano-spar material for effectively collecting and purifying urban rainwater and sewage, the material itself has a structure of a porous material consisting of numerous open pores 2 and capillary channels 3 in a matrix 1, in this embodiment, the basic structure and performance of the nano-spar are as follows:
self porosity of about 50-90%;
the volume of the body has the rapid water storage rate of 50-95%, and in the embodiment, the water quantity of 50-90% of the volume of the body can be directly absorbed within 2-3 minutes so as to achieve the purpose of rapid water storage;
the cylinder pressure strength is 0.4MPa-2 MPa;
the specific gravity of the product is 0.4-1 kg/L.
The basic structure and properties of nano-spar are slightly different depending on the manufacturing materials and processes.
In this embodiment, the nano-spar is composed of numerous open pores 2 and nano-capillary channels 3, the adjacent pores 2 are communicated with each other through one or more nano-capillary channels 3, the pores 2 are randomly distributed in the matrix 1, and in this embodiment, the porosity of the nano-spar can reach 50% to 90% according to different materials and manufacturing processes.
In this embodiment, the pores are naturally distributed, the overall shape is similar to a cobblestone state, and there is no specific distribution rule, and the pores are mostly circular and irregular oval, and in addition, have other natural shapes: such as goose egg shape, gourd shape, oblate shape, etc., taking round shape as example, the diameter of the air holes is 0.1mm-5mm, most of them is about 1mm, when the air holes are in other shapes, the internal size of the air holes is 0.1mm-5mm, the air holes are connected together by a plurality of nano-scale pipelines to form a communicated through whole, and the capillary pipelines are distributed in a net shape or a honeycomb shape (i.e. a plurality of capillary pipelines are approximately parallel to form a cluster) according to different manufacturing processes. The diameter of the capillary channel is 200nm-500um, and the thickness of the tube wall of the capillary channel is 50um-200 um.
According to the invention, the nano-spar material is formed by mixing and co-firing clay, biological fiber, water and an auxiliary agent, the clay is used as a main component, the weight percentage of ACP (acyl carrier protein, Chinese name is acyl carrier protein) is 1% -5%, the preferable weight percentage content is 1%, in the embodiment, alum is 3% -5%, the preferable weight percentage content is 3%, the rest is 100% by the clay, a mixed material is formed, the mixed material is stirred and uniformly mixed, the auxiliary agent proportion of different production places is different, the dried mixed material is sintered at 600-1000 ℃, and the finished product is formed by natural cooling in a furnace.
The clay that chooses for use in this embodiment is mainly earth's surface clay, adopts the clay layer that the natural weathering of earth's surface formed, after rinsing and screening get rid of wherein grit, adopts remaining pure graininess SiO2, and different areas are because geology phenomenon's difference, and the content and the performance of clay have a small amount of changes, and wherein typical earth's surface clay is: kaolin, shale soil; laterites in southern China; black brown soil in northeast; west and northwest weathered yellow soil. The clay in the embodiment can also be silt near natural lakes, rivers and reservoirs, and fine clay is selected through technologies such as cleaning, filtering and screening, wherein the main component of the clay is SiO 2.
When the invention is applied, the water-absorbing material is paved below ground soil, when rainwater or sewage exists, the water with pollutants is absorbed into a matrix through the siphon effect of air holes and capillary pores, liquid can be quickly absorbed into the air holes through the capillary pores and stored for water storage, usually, the water quantity of 50-90% of the volume of the matrix can be directly absorbed within 2-3 minutes to achieve the effect of quick water storage, harmful substances (or called pollutants) in the water-absorbing material are absorbed and stay in the air holes by the pores to achieve the aim of purifying the harmful substances in the water-absorbing material, when the external environment is lack of water, the water stored in the water-absorbing material can be slowly released and discharged, the absorbed water in the dry soil environment can be slowly released, and the effect can keep the soil humidity within a longer time, the slowly released water can be absorbed by plants planted in ground soil, liquid directly filters and adsorbs internal organic matters (mainly COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus and total nitrogen) when flowing through internal air holes and capillaries, pollutants are gradually decomposed into small molecular substances under the mutual action of the pollutants and are slowly discharged, and the small molecular substances can also be absorbed by the plants planted in the ground soil, so that the aim of water purification is fulfilled, and meanwhile, the nano-spar material can achieve the regeneration effect.
The universality of the process is investigated by comparing products prepared from clays in different producing areas, and the experimental result shows that the clay raw materials in different producing areas have little influence on the products, and the fineness of the raw materials has influence on the size of pores of the products; and the attached figures 2-11 are the entity photos of the nano-spar prepared by different raw materials.
Fig. 2 to 5 are photographs showing the appearance of a product prepared by using kaolin clay according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 and 7 are photographs of the appearance of a product prepared by using shale soil as clay according to the invention.
Fig. 8 and 9 are photographs showing the appearance of a product prepared by using reservoir sludge as clay according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 and 11 are photographs of the appearance of a product prepared with southern red clay according to the present invention.
The effect of preparing nano-spar from different base materials is shown in the following table:
the invention carries out the compression strength detection on 20 samples, and the experimental result shows that the compression strength of the kaolin product reaches 1Mpa, and the strength of other clay products is not lower than 1 Mpa.
The adoption of the nano-spar material for rainwater collection mainly has the following effects:
(1) the nano-spar material can be used for quickly and effectively collecting liquid (containing flowing liquid such as rainwater, municipal sewage and the like), and the volume water storage rate of the body can reach 50-95%;
(2) the nano-spar material can effectively adsorb various harmful substances (COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and salt) in rainwater and sewage, and is slowly supplied to surface plants by utilizing a capillary channel per se to be absorbed and digested as nutrients;
(3) the usable materials of the nano-spar material are mainly natural materials such as clay or kaolin and the like, and then the material is a green environment-friendly material formed by mixing biological fibers, the material per se and the production process have no pollution formation/discharge, and the nano-spar material can be used in a plurality of fields;
(4) the nano-spar material has stable physical and chemical properties and can be continuously used for 50-80 years.
The invention can be used as a basic material for effectively collecting and purifying urban rainwater and sewage, so that the rainwater and the sewage in cities can be more efficiently regenerated and utilized, the shortage of urban water sources is solved, and various water resource problems such as urban waterlogging can be effectively prevented. After the application research is completed to obtain the data related to the use effect of the nano-spar, the application value of the nano-spar can be quickly evaluated. The nanocrystalline stone can be expected to be widely applied to urban greening and urban rainfall flood control.
Claims (8)
1. A nano spar is characterized in that: the nano-spar material structure is a porous material which is formed by open air holes and capillary pipelines in a matrix, the adjacent air holes are communicated with each other through more than one capillary pipeline, and the air holes are randomly distributed in the matrix.
2. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the basic structure and the performance of the nano-spar are as follows:
the self porosity is 50-90%;
the volume water storage rate of the body is 50-95 percent;
the body can directly absorb water with the volume of 50-90 percent within 2-3 minutes;
the cylinder pressure strength is 0.4MPa-2 MPa;
the specific gravity of the product is 0.4-1 kg/L.
3. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the air hole comprises a circle, an unordered ellipse, a goose oval shape, a gourd shape or an oblate shape.
4. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the internal size of the open air hole is between 0.1mm and 5 mm.
5. The nano-spar according to claim 4, wherein: the internal size of the open air hole is 1 mm.
6. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the capillary channels are in a net shape or a honeycomb shape.
7. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of capillary duct be 200nm-500um, the pipe wall thickness of capillary duct is 100um-200 um.
8. The nano-spar according to claim 1, wherein: the clay is kaolin, shale soil, laterite, dark brown soil, weathered loess or silt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010860878.8A CN112110511A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Nano spar |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010860878.8A CN112110511A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Nano spar |
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| CN112110511A true CN112110511A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003020290A (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-24 | Ueda Shikimono Kojo:Kk | Porous base material made of ceramics and method for manufacturing the same and base material for soil obtained by pulverizing this porous base material |
| JP2003053353A (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2003-02-25 | Sanwa Kankyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Method for treating waste liquid and waste water containing pcb, and device therefor |
| CN1218904C (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-09-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Water storing, foamed China clay and is preparing method |
| JP2012197192A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Honeycomb structure, and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2013027792A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | 小松精練株式会社 | Porous ceramic sintered body and method for producing same |
| US20160030914A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-04 | Fels-Werke Gmbh | Granular material for absorption of harmful gases and process for production thereof |
| CN106631118A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-10 | 万杨知为 | Through-hole haydite and production method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-25 CN CN202010860878.8A patent/CN112110511A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003020290A (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-24 | Ueda Shikimono Kojo:Kk | Porous base material made of ceramics and method for manufacturing the same and base material for soil obtained by pulverizing this porous base material |
| JP2003053353A (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2003-02-25 | Sanwa Kankyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Method for treating waste liquid and waste water containing pcb, and device therefor |
| CN1218904C (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-09-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Water storing, foamed China clay and is preparing method |
| JP2012197192A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Honeycomb structure, and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2013027792A1 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | 小松精練株式会社 | Porous ceramic sintered body and method for producing same |
| US20160030914A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-04 | Fels-Werke Gmbh | Granular material for absorption of harmful gases and process for production thereof |
| CN106631118A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-10 | 万杨知为 | Through-hole haydite and production method thereof |
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